2025届高考英语二轮复习专项解密15阅读理解之词义猜测题含解析

解密15词义揣测题序号题型真题Part1解密高考考点综述备考建议Part2对点解密考点精准说1...真题对点析1...对点模拟练1...Part3强化集训真题模测、典题模测Part1解密高考【考点综述】词义揣测是应用英语的重要实力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但须要精确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，驾驭或相识较多的课外词汇。考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。【备考建议】依据高考对词义揣测题的要求，考生应当留意运用释义法、对比法、相像法、语境推断法及构词推断法解答此类题，并在复习中应当从以下几方面做起：1.依据阅读材料所供应的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和阅历，正确推断生词词组的含义或成熟词，在特定语境中表达的详细含义以及一些句子的意思。2.揣测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，留意通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词 义的详细内容。3.代词复指理解题也是揣测词义的常考类型。用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂、＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物 之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。4.留意其【设问形式】1.Theunderlinedword＂…＂inthesecond(third…)paragraphrefersto(means)______.2.Bysayingthat＂…＂inthefirst(second…)paragraph,theauthormeansthat______.3.Inparagraph…,＂…＂canbereplacedby＂______＂.4.Themeaningof＂…＂inparagraph…isrelatedto______.5.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto…(paragraph…)?6.Theunderlinedsentenceinthe…paragraphprobablymeansthat_____.Part2对点解密【考点精准说】1----→相像法利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相像的结构揣测词义。在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟识的词语中推知生词的含义。统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。【真题对点析】1（2024·浙江高考真题）......ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome....17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Increasedlengthofgreenlights. B．Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C．Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals. D．Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.【答案】C指代揣测题。That位于其次段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。依据第一段内容尤其是第一段最终一句“Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.(就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会改变)”可知，第一段主要讲解并描述的是信号灯的时间会敏捷改变；“Thatisbydesign.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的敏捷时间”。故选C项。【对点模拟练】1…Fermat’sLastTheorem（定理）,firstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFermatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistswhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcolePolytechnique.…65.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword“baffle”asitisusedinthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletoraisequestions.B.Tocausedifficultyinunderstanding.C.Toprovideapersonwithanexplanation.D.Tolimitpeople’simagination.【答案】B【解析】由句中不难看出Fermat的定理使得最具有数学头脑的科学家费尽心机（beat），并且在句中beaten和baffled处于同等的并列关系，依据这一信息可以推出baffle表示“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”的意思。【考点精准说】2--→对比法利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）揣测词义。对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此依据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hotandcold,perfectandimperfect，甚至前、后句为确定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。表示对比的信号词有yet,but,while,though,however,otherwise,ontheonehand...ontheotherhand,foronething...foranotherthing,insteadof等。【真题对点析】2（2024·全国高考真题）AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A．Bigeaters. B．Overweightpersons.C．Pickyeaters. D．Tallthinpersons.【答案】D【分析】词义揣测题。依据前半句“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）”可知，现有的探讨认为：你应当避开和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应当避开的是thebeanpoleswithbigappetites。由contraryto可推断出，画线词和heavierpeople（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavierpeople正好相反。故选D。【对点模拟练】2…Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.…74.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”probablymean?A.Apartydesignedbyspecialists.B.Aplanrequiringcarefulthought.C.Asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble.D.Ademandmadebyguests.【答案】C【解析】依据前句的否定doesn’t与后句的确定canbe这一对比关系，可以推断出，为了庆祝孩子的生日，又不至于麻烦，可以买一个生日快乐包。Hassle的意思应当与fun相反，而与difficulty,trouble相近。答案为C。【考点精准说】3----→释义法有些文章，特殊是科技文章，通常会对一些关键词赐予定义，我们可以利用定义来揣测这些词的意思。释义法就是依据文章中的字里行间，对生词以定语（从句）、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以说明说明的方式。常见的词有：mean,thatis,inotherwords,forexample,forinstance,suchas...【真题对点析】3（2024·江苏高考真题）Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth....9．Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A．digestthemealeasily B．managewithoutbreakfastC．decidewiselywhattoeat D．eatwhateverisoffered【答案】B词句揣测题。依据下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前熬炼可能比先吃饭再熬炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先熬炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。【对点模拟练】3“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,”Goldsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocally(本地)grownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.62.Whatisthemeaningof“theorganictrend”asthewordsareusedinthetext?A.Growinginterestinorganicfood.B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.C.Risingmarketfororganicfood.D.Higherpricesoforganicfood.【答案】A【解析】由Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingsomething可以推断出，越来越多的顾客像Gold一样起先购买有机食物，其实也就是对这类食物产生了越来越深厚的爱好。答案为A。【考点精准说】4---→语境推断法任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是确定孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文供应的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推想词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。1．依据对比关系揣测词义在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以依据生词的反义词揣测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：unlike,not,but,however,despite,inspiteof,incontrast等。表示对比关系的句子结构：while引导的并列句。例如：Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂hassle＂(paragraph1)probablymean?A.apartydesignedbyspecialistsB.aplanrequiringcarefulthoughtC.asituationcausingdifficultyortroubleD.ademandmadebyguests依据对比关系，这里hassle和abasketoffun是相反的意义，很简单推断理解题的答案为C。2．依据比较关系揣测词义同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相像关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly,like,justas,also,aswellas等。例如：Greenlovestotalk,andhisbrothersaresimilarlyloquacious.该句中副词similarly表明短语lovestotalk和loquacious之间的比较关系，其意义相近。由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是＂健谈的＂。3．依据因果关系揣测词义在句子或段落中，若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以依据这种逻辑关系推想生词词义。例如：Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.Theword＂presumptuous＂inthemiddleofthepassageisclosestinmeaningto＂__________＂.A．fullofrespectB．tooconfidentandrudeC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquiet依据since引导的缘由状语从句的内容（＂既然你是我的上司＂），我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是：＂冒失的，放纵的＂意思，后半句的意思是：我告知你怎么做会是一种放纵/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为：B。Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots,oryoungleaves.依据缘由状语从句的内容，我们可以推断Pruning的意思是：＂修剪（树枝等）＂的意思。4．依据同义、近义、并列、替代、说明等关系揣测词义在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟识的词语，依据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。例如：WilliamShakespearesaid.＂Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn（纱线），goodandilltogether.＂Theunderlinedword＂mingled＂inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A．simple B．mixed C．sad D．happy句中goodandilltogether更详细地说明白amingledyarn的意义，据此我们不难推想mingled的意思是：＂混合的，交织的＂，答案是：B。Isitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?Theansweris＂yes＂,accordingtotheresearchersatJohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.依据andthreeothermedicalcenters这种并列关系，我们很简单推断出：JohnsHopkins是一家医疗中心。【真题对点析】4（2024·江苏卷）Inthe1960s，whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark，BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat，oddly，hadnottroubledanyonebefore:hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus，whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes，thinkoftheclassiccone(圆锥体)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro，whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(岩浆)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943，aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth，allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis，however，asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack，leavingbehindavasthole，thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype，butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos，herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean？A.Hot-airballoon. B.Digitalcamera.C.Bigphotograph. D.Bird'sview.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。讲解并描述了二十世纪六十年头BobChristiansen在探讨黄石公园的火山历史时，惊奇地发觉到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形态的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。【答案】C【解析】词义揣测题。依据第三段第一句JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors’centers.可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大，选C。【对点模拟练】4......ShebecamesternwithPoppy.“You’refoolish,Poppy,”shesaid.“Ihavemypride,”Poppyanswered.“Falsepride,”shehurled（斥责）backathim.3.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“stern”inparagraph5?A.patient B.angryC.respectful D.afraid.【答案】B【解析】词义揣测题。下文“You’refoolish,Poppy,”shesaid.“Ihavemypride,”Poppyanswered.“Falsepride,”shehurled（斥责）backathim.意思是“你真傻，Poppy”她说。“我有我的傲慢，”Poppy回答。“错误的傲慢，”她狠狠地回击他。由此可知ShebecamesternwithPoppy.意思是她对Poppy很生气。“stern”意思是生气的，A.patient有耐性的；B.angry生气的；C.respectful敬重的；D.afraid.胆怯 的，故选B。【考点精准说】4---→构词推断法阅读中经常会遇到一些由熟识的单词派生或合成的新词。驾驭构词法对揣测词义很有帮助。如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以依据构词法把它拆成un,fore,see,able；其中see是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。1．依据前缀揣测词义例如：Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?依据词根educational（教化的），结合前缀co-（共同，一起），我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：＂男女同校教化的＂意思。2．依据后缀揣测词义例如：It'saquiet,comfortablehoteloverlooking(俯瞰)thebayinanuncommercializedCornishfishingvillageonEngland'smostsoutherlypoint．后缀-ise/ize意思是＂使成为…；使…化＂，结合词根commercial（商业的），不难猜出uncommercialized的意思是：＂未被商业化的＂。3．依据复合词的各部分揣测词义例如：Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Well-designedtoolsandequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward（别扭的）handpositions.Well-designed或许是个生词，但我们分析该词的结构后，就能推想出其含义。它由well（好，优秀）和design（设计）两部分组成，合在一起便是＂设计精致的＂意思。Weliveinatechnologicalsocietywheremostgoodsaremass-producedbyunskilledlabor.Becauseofthis,mostpeoplethatcraft(手艺)nolongerexists.依据合成词中的mass（大量的）和produce（生产），我们可以推想mass-produce的意思是：＂大批量生产；规模生产＂的意思。【真题对点练】5（2024·北京高考真题）CertainformsofAIareindeedbecomingubiquitous.Forexample,algorithms(算法)carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother.Thesesystemsaresometimesfasterandmoreperceptivethanwehumansare.Butsofarthatisonlytrueforthespecifictasksforwhichthesystemshavebeendesigned.ThatissomethingthatsomeAIdevelopersarenoweagertochange.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inParagraphIprobablymean?A．Enormousinquantity. B．Changeabledaily.C．Stableinquality. D．Presenteverywhere.【答案】D词义揣测题。依据划线词所在句后面的Forexample,algorithms(算法)carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother(例如，算法在我们的金融市场上进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在城市街道上，我们的智能手机正在从一种语言翻译成另一种语言)可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处非常广泛。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能的确正在变得无处不在”，即划线词与D选项“Presenteverywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故选D项。【对点模拟练】5…Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”…70.Theunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________________.A.value B.resultC.performance D.connection【答案】B【解析】运用“构词法”进行揣测。动词词组comeout的意义为“露出、出现、显露出”。再依据句子的语境，可揣测出其意义是：(试验的)结果。Part3强化集训【真题模测】Passage1（2024·海南高考真题）Theendoftheschoolyearwasinsightandspiritswerehigh.Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof"forbiddenfruit"thatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit."Pleasebringthatpistoltome,"Isaid."I'mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma'sBox.""What'sthat?"theyasked."It'salargewoodenchestfulloftoysformygrandchildren,"Ireplied,"Youdon'thavegrandchildren,"someonesaid."Idon'tnow."Ireplied."ButsomedayIwill.WhenIdo,myboxwillbefullofwonderfulthingsforthem."MyimaginaryGrandma'sBoxworkedlikemagicthatspring,andlater.Sometimes.studentswouldaskmetodescribeallthethingsIhadinit.ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway—sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthebelonging.The-yearswentby,andmyfirstgrandchildGordonwasborn.Isharedmyjoywiththatyear'sclass.Thensomeonesaid,"NowyoucanuseyourGrandma'sBox."Fromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thestudentswouldsay,"That'sokay.PutitinyourGrandma'sBoxforGordon."Ilovedtalkingabouttheimaginarybox,notonlywithmystudentsbutalsowithmyownchildren.TheyenjoyedhearingaboutalltheforbiddenfruitIhadcollected.ThenoneChristmasIreceivedasurprisegift—alarge,beautifullymadewoodenchest.MysonBrucehadmademyGrandma'sBoxareality.1．Whatwastheauthor'spurposeinhavingtheconversationwiththestudents?A．Tocollectthewaterpistol. B．Totalkabouthergrandchildren.C．Torecommendsometoys. D．Toexplainherteachingmethod.2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"theoffender"inparagraph8referto?A．Thestudent'sparent. B．ThemakeroftheGrandma'sBox.C．Theauthor'sgrandchild. D．Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit.3．WhatdidthestudentsdoaftertheylearnedaboutthebirthofGordon?A．Theywenttoplaywiththebaby. B．TheyaskedtoseetheGrandma'sBox.C．TheymadeapresentforGordon. D．Theystoppedaskingtheirtoysback.4．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Sheenjoystellingjokes. B．Sheisastrictandsmartteacher.C．Shelovesdoingwoodwork. D．Sheisaresponsiblegrandmother【答案】1．A2．D3．D4．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者为收集学生们带到学校的玩具，想出了一个“奶奶的盒子”的方法。到后来，作者的第一个孙子诞生，学生们也不再来要求归还他们的财物了，作者也在某一年圣诞节收到了儿子制作的大木箱，将“奶奶的盒子”变成了现实。1．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof"forbiddenfruit"thatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.(在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”。现在流行的是水枪)”以及第三段中“‘Pleasebringthatpistoltome,’Isaid.‘I'mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma'sBox.’(“请把那支水枪给我，”我说。“我要把它放在我‘奶奶的盒子’里。”)”由此可知，作者与学生进行对话的目的是收集水枪。故选A。2．词句揣测题。依据划线词后文“Iwouldreturnthebelonging”结合上文提到作者把学生带到学校的玩具称为“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里装的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到这些禁果的拥有者在一天结束的时候出现，然后就会归还他们的物品。由此可知，划线词意思为“禁果的拥有者”。故选D。3．细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“Fromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thestudentswouldsay,‘That'sokay.PutitinyourGrandma'sBoxforGordon.’(从那时起，学生们不再来要求归还他们的财物，而是说：“没关系。把它放在你“奶奶给戈登的盒子”里)”由此可知，学生们在得知了戈登的诞生后，他们不再索要玩具。故选D。4．推理推断题。依据文章中作者要收集学生们从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”，说明作者对待学生很严格；同时作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”这个的方法来收集学生们的玩具，说明作者很聪慧，由此可推知，作者是一个严格而聪慧的老师。故选B。Passage2（2024﹒新课标全国卷III，B）ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative."It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(来源)ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(时尚)shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHil.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks. B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes. D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theyaresettingthefashion. B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C.Theyadmiresupermodels. D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean?A.learningfrom B.lookingdownon C.workingwith D.competingagainst27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends【语篇解读】这是一篇争论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在很多方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。24.B【解析】细微环节理解题。答案定位在第三段Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.（此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的深厚爱好。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了很多参观者，故选B。25.A【解析】细微环节理解题。答案定位在第四段Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.（中国模特是向全世界女性推销幻想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故选A。26.D【解析】词义揣测题。下文andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MareJacobs的意思是VeraWang、AlexanderWang和JasonWu正在与Galliano、Albaz和MareJacobs竞争。takingon意思是“竞争”，故选D。27.D【解析】主旨大意题。依据文章第一段chinaanditsculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforwesterncreations.以及最终一段Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."（假如你今日谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊羡的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在很多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。Passage3(2024·江苏卷，B)Inthe1960s，whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark，BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat，oddly，hadnottroubledanyonebefore,hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus，whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes，thinkoftheclassiccone(圆锥体)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro，whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(岩浆)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943，aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth，allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis，however，asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack，leavingbehindavasthole，thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype，butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos，herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone？A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark.D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.59.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout？A.Theshapesofvolcanoes.B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes.C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes.D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean？A.Hot-airballoon. B.Digitalcamera.C.Bigphotograph. D.Bird'sview.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。讲解并描述了二十世纪六十年头BobChristiansen在探讨黄石公园的火山历史时，惊奇地发觉到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形态的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。58.D【解析】细微环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句ButChristiansencouldn’tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。59.A【解析】主旨大意题。本段讲解并描述了两种形态的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆积累形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。60.C【解析】词义揣测题。依据第三段第一句JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors’centers.可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大，选C。【新题模测】Passage1Massiveopenonlinecourses(MOOCs)aremakingwavesnowadays,andalthoughit’stoosoontodeterminetheirfinalinfluenceontheuniversitiesacrossthecountryandtheworld,theyaresparkingoffalivelydebateamongeducatorsandstudents.ThefirstMOOCarrivedonthescenebackin2011whentwoStanfordteachersofferedtheirartificialintelligenceclassonlineforfree.Enrollmenttopped160,000,andtheunexpectedsuccessoftheexperimentencouragedotherschools.Supportersbelievemakingqualityeducationalinstructionavailabletothepublicwillprovidehigherqualityandlowercostformany,andmighteasilybethebestinstructionalmodelforthefuture.MOOCscanbeattendedbythousandsorevenhundredsofthousandsofstudentsatatime.Infact,SebastianThrun,oneoftheStanfordteacherswhostarteditall,seesadayinwhichasfewas10universitiesmeettheworld’shighereducationneeds.WhereMOOCsmayprovidequalityinstructionformany,detractorsoftenseethatveryfactasitsbiggestfailing.MOOCsdon’tofferanyindividualizedtraining,andsomeeducatorsfeelusingitasafor-creditstandardinthefuturewillleavesomestudentsbehind.Acommonargumentisthatindividualized,face-to-faceteachingworksbestinmanycases.Thelivelyexchangeofideascanactivateaclassroom.SomefindotheraspectsofMOOCstroubling.InthefirstMOOCs,plagiarism(剽窃)wasaproblemandcompletionratesonthewholewerelow.Thismayhavebeenbecausesomestudentswerecuriousabouttheformatratherthanfocusedonthestudy.HowwillMOOCsprogressinthefuture?Nooneknowsforsure,butthemodemclassroommayturnouttobeacombinationoftheoldandthenew,withon-campusactivitieslikelabs,debatesandonlineactivitiesworkingwithmassiveonlineofferingstoprovideaspeciallearningexperiencethat’scost-effectiveandconvenient.32．WhichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpartinParagraph1?A．Witnessingfalling. B．Gainingwealth.C．Gettingrecognition. D．Causingarguments.33．What’stheadvantageofMOOCsaccordingtosupporters?A．Studentscangetuniquetraining.B．Theatmospherecane