新高考英语一轮复习练习考向30 阅读理解之七选五(原卷版)

考向30阅读理解之七选五题型特征七选五试题给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。试题特点1.符合《英语课程标准》中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求和《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

说明》中“如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。”的要求。如果说通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考查，它是语言表达的基本单位，属于语言的组织规律，那么阅读填空题就是章法范围内的考查，是语言使用的范畴，属于言语的组织规律，简单地说，前者侧重语言的结构—语法，而后者侧重语言的使用—章法。2.

注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。阅读本质就是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过程，新题型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等方面的知识，而且要有辨证、综合、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力，是阅读的深层理解，也是阅读的核心和关键。3.

题材新颖，具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性，与学生的学习经历和生活经历相适应，与新课程理念下的高考改革走向相适应，与高中英语教学实际相适应，遵循了《英语课程标准》的评价理念，保证了试题的效度、信度、真实性和公平性原则。解答技巧根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1.如果空白在段首(1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，从而推断出主题句。(2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起来。2.如果空白在段尾(1)重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。(2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。前句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句。(5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。3.如果空白构成一整个自然段(1)这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读较长的选项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。(2)着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。(3)分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。【典例示例】(2021年6月·浙江卷)You'vegotmail…andit'sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWall.31"Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit32”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo'shunch（直觉）paidoff.Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsite,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.33Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.Languageiscertainlyaharrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.34Soacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthat'sEnglishsinceit'swidelyspoken."ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.35Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,"Paulosays.A.Andthat'stotallyfineB.ThatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeitC.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobbyD.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.语篇解读主题语境人与自我---创新意识语篇大意本文为记叙文。文章介绍了34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师PauloMagallhaes喜欢世界各地的明信片，并克服困难设法借助网络发展自己的爱好、创办网站并取得成功的故事。背景知识Postcrossing一名来源于英文单词中的明信片（postcard）与交流（crossing），发想自图书漂流（Bookcrossing）的计划网站。然而，这种明信片的"交流"或者交换机制是不同的。一名成员给另外一名成员寄出明信片，并随机从另一位成员那里收到另一张明信片。相同两名成员之间的交换只会进行一次。参与这一项目完全免费，任何人只要有地址，均可注册帐号。重点单词imagine料想，猜测，设想；seck寻找，寻求，谋求；register登记，注册；barrier障碍，屏障，障碍物高级短语giveup故弃；payoff获得成功；turninto变成......长难句分析原文：Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsite,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearago.分析：本句为主从复合句。句中的asocialnetwork与thewebsite是同位语；that引导定语从句；since引导时间状语从句。答案与解析：31.G空格处为本段结尾句，前文出现了描述Paulo喜欢世界各地明信片的内容，即“OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWal.”，由此可知他喜欢各种明信片。设空处为总结性语言，G选项中的信息“inshort”符合逻辑顺序，“helovespostcards”承接上文题意。故选G项。32.A空格前提到Paulo邮寄明信片的“遭遇”，空格后提到“Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,However,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online”，由此可知空格处承上启下，表示遇到的问题“完全不成问题”,说明Paulo没有放弃自己的爱好，而是采取了网络方式。故选A。33.E根据空格前的“asociallnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearago”可知，Paulo创办的这家社交网站注册人数一直在增长，选项E中的“OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million”能承接前文，用数据说明网站的火爆。故选E。34.F根据空格前的“AscoolasitmaybetoreceivepostcardwritteninChinesc,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit”以及空后的“so”可知，此处指两者情况的比较。F项“Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChincse，receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway”符合题意，其中的“Similarly”说明对比关系。故选F。35.B根据空格前的“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish”可知，中国很多人接触英语的机会有限，所以学习和练习这种语言会有难度。B项“Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit”符合题意，其中的“hardtolearnandpractice”说明此意。故选B。【检测训练】1LearninganewlanguagelikeEnglishcanbeachallenge.1.Classesareimportant,butsoisdisciplinedpractice.Itcanevenbefun.HerearesomeguidelinestohelpyoubecomeabetterEnglishlearner.Studyeveryday.Learninganynewlanguageisatime-consumingprocess,morethan300hoursaccordingtosomeestimates.Ratherthantryandcramafewhoursofreviewonceortwiceaweek,mostexpertssayshort,regularstudysessionsaremoreeffective.2.3.Insteadoffocusingononesingletaskfortheentirestudysession,trymixingthingsup.Studyalittlegrammar,thendoashortlisteningexercise,thenperhapsreadanarticleonthesametopic.Don’tdotoomuch;20minutesonthreedifferentexercisesisplenty.Thevarietywillkeepyouengagedandmakestudyingmorefun.Read,watch,andlisten.ReadingEnglish-languagenewspapersandbooks,listeningtomusic,orwatchingTVcanalsohelpyouimproveyourwrittenandverbalcomprehensionskills.4.Writeitdown.Repetitioniskeyasyou'relearningEnglish,sowritingisagreatwaytopractice.5.Bymakingahabitofwriting,you’llalsofindyourreadingandcomprehensionskillsimproveovertime.Youmayevendiscoveryou’vegotatalentforwriting.A.Keepthingsfresh.B.Playvocabularyandgrammargames.C.Butwithregularstudy,itcanbedone.D.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouuseacomputerorpenandpaper.E.Non-nativeEnglishspeakerssometimesstrugglewithdoingso.F.Aslittleas30minutesadaycanhelpyouimproveyourEnglishskillsovertime.G.Bydoingsorepeatedly,you’llabsorbthingslikespeechpatterns,accents,andgrammar.2BeforeCOVID-19,self-care—caringforourselves—mayhavenotbeenapriorityformanypeople.6..Thereisnoexactwaytopracticeself-care.Itincludesmanyareasandmaylookdifferentfrompersontoperson.Herearesomesuggestionsonwhatcanbedone.7.Forsomepeople,self-caremaybesimplyslowingdown.Itcanalsomeancontrollingpartsofyourlifethatyoucancontrol.Thisisimportantwhentheworldaroundyoufeelsoutofcontrol.LearnsomethingnewForsomepeople,self-caremightincludedoingthingstheyhavealwayswantedtodobutnevermadetimefor.8..Mentalhealthself-careAnotherformofself-careismakingtimetomeetwithamentalhealthspecialist,ifneeded.TheAssociatedPressreportsthatonlinementalhealthserviceshaveincreasedduringthepandemic.However,meetingwithamentalhealthprofessionalmaynotbepossibleforsomepeople.9..Meditating,writingaboutyourfeelingsandproblems,andorganizingthephysicalspacearoundyouareallformsofself-care.Bekindtoyourself—thebesttypeofself-careExpertsremindusthatself-careduringthepandemiccouldfeellikeridingarollercoaster—upsomedays,downonothers.Itcanhelptohavearoutine—ausualwayofdoingthings.Butexpertssaykeeptheroutinesimple.10..Remember,bekindtoyourself.A.NeverfeeloutofcontrolB.SlowdownandfeelincontrolC.ButnowitisevenmoreimportantthanusualD.SodoctorshavesuggestionsforotherwaystoreducestressduringthepandemicE.Self-careincludesbothindividualwellnessandthewellnessofthegreatercommunityF.ItisalsoimportantnottobehardonyourselfifyoudonotkeeptoyourroutineeverydayG.Thesethingsincludebaking,gardening,andlearninganewlanguageorsomeothernewskills3Itisquitenaturalthatweallhaveourdowntimetoreadjustbutitisfairlyimportantthatconsistencyshouldbearegularpracticeinourworld.Itfeelsgoodtosetagoal,workthroughitandseetheamazingoutcome.11..Createaplan.Whateveryourgoalis,aplanisimportant.Createyearly,monthly,weeklyanddailytaskstohelpyoustayfocusedonyourspecificgoal.Schedule.12..Yes,thingswillcomeup,butweallhavethesame24hoursinaday.Youhavetoscheduleyourconsistencytasksjustlikeyouscheduleanythingelse,evenifyoustartoffat30minutesadayandaddfromthere.13..Yourfutureisyourpriority(优先的事物).Sticktoit.Don’tquit.14..Nowthatyouhavecomesofar,itdoesn'tmakesensetogiveuponyourself.Thereisadreamplantedinsideofyou.Itistimetodotheworkandwatchitgrow.15.Lookbacktoseehowfaryou'vecome.Lookoveryourgoalsandaccomplishmentsdaily,weeklyandmonthlytoseehowmuchyouhavecompleted.Getyourcrewandcelebrate.A.MeasureyouroutcomeB.DothingsthatappealtoyouC.YoucanputthingsinorderofimportanceD.SometimesweneedtohaveabreaktoreflectE.HerearesomeusefultipstohelpyoustayconsistencyF.ItisactuallyinspiringtohavesomethingthatispushingyouG.Asisoftenthecase,ourbiggestexcuseisthatwedon'thavetime4Manypeopletrulywanttohelpafriendwhoisinpain.Butwordsoftenfailusattimeslikethese,leavingusstammering(结巴)fortherightthingtosay.Somepeoplearesoafraidtosayordothewrongthingthattheychoosetodonothingatall.16.There’snooneperfectwaytorespondortosupportsomeoneyoucareabout,buttherearesomegoodgroundrules.17.Youarenotsupposedtobeacentralfigurewhenyourfriendfeelssad.Youmaysayyouwouldhavedonethingsdifferentlyifthisunluckythinghadhappenedtoyou.Ofcourse,Ihopeyoudon’tgetthechancetofindout.Theunhappinessbelongstoyourfriend.Sofollowtheirlead.Keepinmindthatbeingwithsomeonewhoisinpainisn’teasy.Yourfriendcannotshowupfortheirpartoftherelationshipverywell,andyouwilllikelygethurt.Don’ttakeitpersonally.18.Infact,oneofthebestthingsyoucandoforafriendinsorrowistoforecasttheirneeds.Don’tsay,“Callmeifthere’sanythingIcando,”becauseyourfriendwillnotcall.Whatyoushoulddoistomakeconcreteoffers:“Iwillstopbyeachmorningonmywaytoworkandtakeyourdogforaquickwalk.”Thenshowupanddoit.19.Hugyourfriend,rubtheirback,andtouchtheirarm.Comfortthemwithsmallphysicalgesturesthatletthemknowyoucareandcalmthem.Givethemhope.Giveyourfriendhopethatthingswilleventuallygetbetter.20.A.Showyourlove.B.Keepyourfriendatease.C.Instead,pleasebetolerantofthem.D.Remembertoplayasupportingrole.E.Afterall,thefuturewillbefullofhope.F.Theirheartwillhealandlifewillgoon.G.That’scertainlyanoption,butit’snotoftenagoodone.5NationalNappingDay:reasonsyoushouldnap.Findingthetimetorecoveramongdailyresponsibilitiescanbehard,butnappinghasbenefitsthatcouldhelpyoulevelupinyouroverallhealthandproductivity.21.Inotherwords,ifyoufeellikecallingitadayandfeelingsleepy,don’tfeelbad.22.Takinganaponceortwiceaweekcouldlowertheriskofheartattacksorstrokes,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalHeart.Aftertrackingmorethan3,400peoplebetweentheagesof35and75forslightlymorethanfiveyears,theresearchersfoundthatthosewholikedoccasionalnapping-onceortwiceaweek,forfiveminutestoanhour-were48%lesslikelytoexperienceaheartattack,strokeorheartfailurethanthosewhodidn’tnapatall.Itmightevenhelpyougetintoshape.A2020studyfocusingonwomenfoundthemoresleep-deprived(失眠)thewomenwere,themorelikelytheyweretoconsumeaddedsugar,fattyfoodsandcaffeine.23.That’sbecauseinadequatesleepisbelievedtostimulatehungerandsuppresshormonesignalsthatcommunicatefullness.Nappinghasbeenfoundtoboostyourcreativity.24.InaJanuary2020studyof2,214Chineseadultsages60andolder,participantswhotookafternoonnapsforfiveminutestotwohoursshowedbettermentalabilitythanthosewhodidn’tnap.Nappingmaynotensuresuccessineveryaspectofyourlife,butitcouldimproveyourhealthandchargeyourbrain'sbatteries.25.A.Nowgoliedown.B.You'llhavelowerriskforheartproblems.C.Takinganapmaymakeyourbrainmorealert.D.Alackofqualitysleepcouldleadtoovereating.E.Ashortnapmayalsomakeyoufeelmorerelaxed.F.Therightsideofyourbrainmayexperienceamentalsparkduringanap.G.Itmeansthereisnoreasontofeelasifyou’relazyfortakingaquicknap.6Tryingtofindtheperfectpresentisasdifficultastryingtoreadsomeone'smind.Fewpeoplewillactuallytellyouwhattheywantforaspecialoccasion,andmostofthetimeyourlovedoneswillinsistthattheydon'tneedorwantanything!26.Herearesometipsthatcouldhelp.Behonest-doyouwaituntilthelastminutetostartlookingforpresents?27.Soarewe!However,startingyourshoppingearlycanhaveanumberofadvantages.ThecloseritgetstoholidayssuchasChristmas,thehigherthepricescreepup.So,ifyouwaittoolong,youmighthavetospendquiteabitmoreonwhatyouwant.28.Nowisthetimetoputyourthinkingcaponasyoumakealist.Here,youcanwritedowneverythingthereceiverslove.Thiscanincludefood,hobbies,experiences,andmore29.Ifyouarelucky,youshouldbeabletofindafewgoodideasinoneoftheselists.Attheveryleast,youwillhavesomeideasofwhichdirectionyoushouldheadoffin.30.Often,thereasonyougetstuckforgiftideasisbecauseyouarerestrictingyourselftoomuch.Ifyouareonlyfixedonthesamekindofpresentsthenyou'llrunoutofinspiration.Therereallyaremanywonderfulout-of-the-boxideastoselectfrom.Ifaregularpresentisn'tdoingthetrick,itmaybetimetothinkalittlebigger.Insteadofaphysicalgift,youcangivesomeoneanexperiencethattheywillneverforget.A.Sowhattodo?B.Youaredefinitelynotalone.C.Saveyourmoneybybeinganearlybird.D.Youwillbeabletogivethemthegiftoffriendship.E.Ifyouarestillcomingupempty,itistimetogetcreative.F.Whatmemorybetweenthetwoofyoustandoutthemost?G.Onceyouhavedonethis,youcanmoveontothethingstheyneed.7Overthepasttenmonthsofpandemiclife,cookinghasbecomeashelterforme.NewYorkTimesfoodeditorSamSiftonreferredtoKoreanfriedriceandsaidit"improvesmoods,atmospheresandweeksalike".31.I'dargueitimprovesphysicalhealth,financesandskills,andreducesstress.Really,cookingisarewardingthingyoushoulddothesedays.Cookingfoodforyourselfisbeneficialtoyourphysicalhealth.Whenyoucookyourownfood,youcontrolexactlywhatgoesintoyourbody.It'sthebestpossiblewayto“dialin”orcleanupyourdiet.32.ArecentsurveyhasfoundthattwiceasmanyAmericansarecookingathomethanayearago,andthatnearlyaquarteraredoingsoinanefforttoeathealthier.33.It'sconsiderablycheaperthanorderingfromrestaurants,orbuyingpreparedfoodfromsupermarkets.It'sfoundthatorderingtakeoutisfivetimesmoreexpensive.Thedifferenceismoreobviousifyou’recookingforafamily.Intermsofimprovingcookingskill,youcan'thelpbutimproveifyoudoitoverandoveragain.Withsomanyotheroutletsforhobbiesshutdownrightnow,whynotviewyourkitchenasaminiuniversetobeexplored?You'vegotthetools,nottomentionthehumanrequirementtoeat.Ican'tthinkofanotherhobbywhereyourbodyphysicallyrequiresyoutopracticeseveraltimesdaily.34.Howdoescookingrelievestress,youmightbewondering?35.Ifyou'reorganizedenoughtocookmealsinadvance,youendtheweeknightdilemmaof“what'sfordinner?”.Furthermore,asyougetbetteratcooking,youwillsparetheneedtoorderfood.A.Cookinghelpskidsdevelopmanyhobbies.B.Actually,cookingcanbringmorebenefits.C.Theactitselfcanbecalmingtosomepeople.D.Fromafinancialaspect,cookingcannotbebeaten.E.Youcansavemoneyaswellasimproveyourmentalhealth.F.Ifimprovinghealthisyourmainreasonforcooking,you'renotalone.G.You'relikelytoimproveyourcookingskillsandtheywillstickwithyouforlife.8HowtoFeelConnectedIt'seasytofeeldisconnectedfromwhati