中考英语常考句型及语法专项

中考英语常考句型及语法专项句型1There+be+主语+地点状语/时间状语例句：There'saboatintheriver.河里有条船。句型2Howdoyoulike...?例句：HowdoyoulikeChina?你觉得中国怎么样?句型3What'swrongwith+sb./sth.?例句：What'swrongwithyourwatch?你的手表有什么毛病?句型4Whatdoyoulikeabout...?例句：WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina?你喜欢中国的什么?句型5hadbetter(not)+动词原形例句：You'dbetteraskthatpolicemanoverthere.你最好去问问那边的那个警察。句型6How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!Whata/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语!例句：Howcolditistoday!今天多冷啊!句型7Thank+sb.+for(doing)sth.例句：Thankyouforcomingtoseeme.感谢你来看我。句型8So+be/情态动词/助动词+主语例句：Heisastudent.SoamI.他是一个学生，我也是。句型9...not...until...例句：Hedidn'thavesupperuntilhisparentscameback.直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。句型10比较级+and+比较级例句：Thebabycriedharderandharder.那孩子哭得越来越厉害。句型11the+比较级，the+比较级例句：Themoreonehas，themoreonewants.越有越贪。句型12...as+adj./adv.+as...…notas(so)+adj./adv.+as...例句：Doyouthinkthatartisasimportantasmusic?你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗?句型13more/less+adj.+than...例句：Ithinkartislessimportantthanmusic.我认为艺术不如音乐重要。句型14stop…fromdoingsth.例句：TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfromblowingtheearthaway.绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。句型15both...and...例句：BothyouandIarestudents.我和你都是学生。句型16either...or...例句：Eitheryouorheiswrong.不是你错就是他错。句型17neither...nor...例句：NeitherhenorIamastudent.我和他都不是学生。句型18...assoonas...例句：AssoonasIseehim，I'llgivehimthemessage.我一见到他，我就把你的消息告诉他。句型19...so+adj./adv.+that...例句：IwassotiredthatIdidn'twanttospeak.我累得连话也不想说了。句型20Though...+主句例句：ThoughIlikewritingtomypen-friend，ittakesalotoftime.虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。句型21begoingto例句：ThisafternoonI'mgoingtobuyaQisuEnglishbook.今天下午我要去买本奇速英语书。句型22bedifferentfrom例句：IthinkthisisdifferentfromChinesenames.我认为这与汉语名字不同。句型23Welcome(back)to...例句：Welcomebacktoschool!欢迎回到学校!句型24havefundoing例句：We'regoingtohavefunlearningandspeakingEnglishthisterm.这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。句型25...because.../...，so...例句：Idon'tknowallyournamesbecausethisisourfirstlesson.因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。句型26What'swrongwith+sb./sth.?例句：Whydon'tyoucometoschoolalittleearlier?为什么不早点到校呢?句型27makeit例句：Let'smakeithalfpastnine.让我们定在九点半吧!句型28havenothingtodo例句：Theyhavenothingtodoeveryday.他们每天无所事事。句型29besure/besureof/aboutsth/besuretodosb.例句：Ithinkso,butI'mnotsure.我想是这样，但不敢确定。句型30between...and...例句：Thereisashopbetweenthehospitalandtheschool.在那家医院和学校之间有一家商店。句型31keepsb./sth.+adj./V-ing/adv.例句：Youmustkeepyourclassroomclean.你们必须保持教室干净。Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.对不起让你久等。句型32find+宾语+宾补例句：Hefindsitveryhardtotravelaroundthebigcity.他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。句型33...not...anymore/longer例句：Theoldmandoesn'ttravelanymore.这位老人不再旅行了。句型34What'stheweatherlike...?例句：What'stheweatherlikeinspringinyourhometown?在你们家乡春天天气怎么样?句型35notimetodo例句：Therewasnotimetothink.没有时间思考。句型36Helponeselfto...例句：Helpyourselftosomefish.吃鱼吧！句型37between...and...例句：Iusedtoreadthiskindofstorybooks.我过去常读这种故事书。句型38borrow...from例句：IborrowedaQisuEnglishbookfromhim.我从他那借了一本奇速英语书。句型39lendsb.sth./lendsth.tosb.例句：Helentmeastorybook/Helentastorybooktome.他借了本故事书给我。句型40havebeento例句：HaveyoueverbeentoHawaii?你曾去过夏威夷吗?句型41havegoneto例句：Where'she？He'sgonetoWashington.他在哪儿？他去华盛顿了。句型42befamousfor例句：Hawaiiisfamousforitsbeautifulbeaches.夏威夷以它美丽的海滩而出名。句型43Nomatter+疑问句+主句例句：Nomatterwhenyoucome，youarewelcomed.无论你们什么时候来，都受欢迎。句型44beafraid(of/todo/that...)例句：Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenspeakingEnglish.当说英语时不要害怕犯错误。句型45...as...aspossible/...as...assbcan例句：Ihopetoseehimassoonaspossible.我希望能尽快见到他。句型46beworth(doing)…例句：Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得读。句型47It'ssaidthat...例句：It'ssaidthatoneofthemostdangeroussharksistheGreatWhiteShark.据说最危险的鲨鱼之一是大白鲨。句型48Notall/everyone...例句：Notallsharksarealike.并不是所有的鲨鱼都一样。句型49bebasedon例句：Hisargumentisbasedonfacts.他的论断是以事实为根据的。中考英语：语法专项讲练-被语动态一、被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义。其结构是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词done”构成的。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化与时态中的变化一致。各种时态的被动语态结构表（以动词do为例）：时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/are+

doneTheclassroomiscleanedbyus.教室被我们打扫。一般过去时was/were+

doneThekitewasmadebyhimyesterday.昨天，风筝被他制作。现在进行时am/is/are+

being+

doneFlowersarebeingwateredbyher.花儿现在正在被她浇。现在完成时have/has

+been+

doneTheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.工作已经被做完。一般将来时will/shall/begoingto

+

bedoneTreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.明天，树将被他们种。过去进行时was/were

+

being+

doneAletterwasbeingwrittenbyheratthistimeyesterday.昨天的这个时候一封信正在被写。过去完成时had+

been+doneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbyJim.工作早已经被他完成了。含有情态动词can/may/must

+be+doneHecanbefoundbyme.他不能被发现。二、被动语态的用法1.不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例：Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.这座桥是去年建造的。Hewaselectedchairman.他被选为主席。2.当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。例：Theroomhasn’tbeencleanedyet.房间还没有打扫。Thetigerwaskilledbyhim.老虎被他杀死了。3.当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。例：Thewindowwasblownbywind.窗户被风吹开了。Thewholevillagehasbeenwashedawaybytheflood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。一、考点：被动语态的句子结构和用法。二、重难点：谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义：1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。例：Thiskindofclothwasheswell.这种布料很好洗。2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等，以主动形式表示被动意义。例：Howdothenewspaperscomeout?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？3.系动词没有被动形式，但感官系动词feel,sound,taste,look,smell在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例：Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。三、易错点：1.在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加上介词to。例：Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.可改为Shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改为Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.2.有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例：ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.这场会议将会推迟到周五。3.“动词+宾语+宾补”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例：Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改为Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4.有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例：Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改为Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.题模一：主动语态变为被动语态例1.1.1主动语态变为被动语态：Ihaveboughtaten-speedbicycle.____________________________________________例1.1.2主动语态变为被动语态：Theoldmaniswateringflowersinthegarden.____________________________________________例1.1.3主动语态变为被动语态：Theboyalwaysplaysthecomputergamesatnight.____________________________________________题模二：基本用法例1.2.1Theboy_________togetsupperreadyafterschool.A．weretoldB．istellingC．wastoldD．tells例1.2.2Thisdictionarymustn’t_________fromthelibrary.A．takeawayB．takenawayC．aretakenawayD．betakenaway随练1.1将下列句子变成被动语态。1.Theythrewawaytheoldbookyesterday____________________________________________2.Hehadwrittenalettertohismother.____________________________________________3.Peoplehaveseenthebearinthisvillage.____________________________________________4.Theworkersarerepairingthebridge.___________________________________________5.Youshouldn’tbringdictionarytotheEnglishexam.___________________________________________随练1.2Thiskindofbookssellswell.They_________already.A．soldoutB．havesoldoutC．aresoldoutD．havebeensoldout随练1.3Yourcoatlooksnice.Isit_________wool?Yes.Itis_________Australia.A．madeof,makebyB．madeof,madeinC．madefor,madeinD．madefrom,madeby随练1.4Thepizza_________bymymother.Wouldyouliketohavesome?A．makesB．wasmakingC．madeD．wasmade随练1.5Theclassroommust_________everyday.A．bekeptcleanB．bekeptcleaningC．keepcleanedD．keepsclean随练1.6A．talkonChinesehistory_________intheschoolhallnextweek.A．isgivenB．hasbeengivenC．willbegivenD．gives随练1.7Ourhouse_________now.A．ispaintB．isbeingpaintedC．isgotpaintedD．hasgottopaint作业1将下列句子变成被动语态。1.Haveyoupostedthelettersyet?___________________________________________2.Imustdoalltheexerciseintime.___________________________________________3.Wearediscussingtheprojectatthemeeting.___________________________________________4.EveryyearourofficeholdsaflowershowintheparkinApril.___________________________________________5.Hehadfinishedtheworkbytheendoflastterm.___________________________________________作业2Mary_________showmehernewdictionaryyesterday.A．wasaskedtoB．hasaskedtoC．isaskedD．asksto作业3ThePeople’sRepublicofChina_________onOctober1,1949.A．foundB．wasfoundedC．isfoundedD．wasfound作业4ThisEnglishsong_________bythegirlsafterclass.A．oftensingsB．oftensangC．isoftensangD．isoftensung作业5Wastepapershouldn’t_________here.A．throwB．bethrownC．tobethrownD．tothrow作业6Anewhouse_________atthecorneroftheroadnow.A．isbeingbuiltB．isbuildingC．beenbuiltD．bebuild作业7Hisnewbook_________nextmonth.A．isbeingpublishedB．ispublishingC．willbepublishedD．hasbeenpublished答案解析题模一：主动语态变为被动语态例1.1.1【答案】A．ten-speedbicyclehasbeenboughtbyme.【解析】考查被动语态。现在完成时被动语态的结构是has/havebeendone。例1.1.2【答案】Theflowersarebeingwateredinthegardenbytheoldman.【解析】考查被动语态。现在进行时被动语态的结构是is/are/am+beingdone。例1.1.3【答案】Thecomputergamesareplayedbytheboyatnight.【解析】考查被动语态。一般现在时被动语态的结构是am/is/are+done。题模二：基本用法例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】考查被动语态。再由句意可知是男孩被告知去做某事，was+done。故选C。例1.2.2【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。再由句意可知是字典禁止从图书馆被带走。含有情态动词的被动语态mustn’t+be+done。故选D。随练1.1【答案】1.Theoldbookwasthrownbythemyesterday.2.A．letterhadbeenwrittentohisfatherbyhim.3.Thebearhasbeenseenbythepeopleonthisvillage.4.Thebridgeisbeingrepairedbytheworkers.5.Thedictionaryshouldn’tbebroughttotheEnglishexam.【解析】1.考查被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态was/were+done。2.考查被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态hadbeen+done。3.考查被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态has/havebeen+done。4.考查被动语态。现在进时的被动语态is/am/are+being+done。5.考查被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态shouldn’t+bedone。随练1.2【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。already是现在完成时的时间状语，并且books与sellout是被动关系。再由句意“这种书卖的很好。他们已经被卖光了。”可知，故选D。随练1.3【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态。bemadeof由…制成，bemadein在…国家被做。再由句意“—你的外套看起来很漂亮，它是由毛制成的吗？—是的，它被产于澳大利亚。”可知，故选B。随练1.4【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。pizza与make是被动关系。再由句意“披萨被妈妈做（过去的时间），您想要吃一些吗？可知，故选D。随练1.5【答案】A【解析】考查被动语态。含有情态