宏观经济学期末考试试卷2(附答案)

考考 生 答 题 不 得 过 此 线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶密∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶封∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶任课教师： 教学班号： 姓名：学号：∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶装∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶订∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶ 第=2*13页，共=2*numpages12页 第=2*page24页，共=2*numpages12页 第=2*11页共=2*numpages1020页 第=2*page12页共=2*numpages1020页得分评卷人一、选择题（每小题1分，共30分)1．IntheUnitedStatesrealGDPisreportedeachquarter。a.Thesenumbersareadjustedtomakethemmeasureatannualandseasonallyadjustedrates。b。Thesenumbersareadjustedtomakethemannualrates,butnoadjustmentforseasonalvariationsaremade。c。Thesenumbersarequarterlyratesthathavebeenseasonallyadjusted.d。Thesenumbersareatquarterlyratesandhavenotbeenseasonallyadjusted.2．ThepriceofCDplayersincreasesdramatically，causinga1percentincreaseintheCPI。ThepriceincreasewillmostlikelycausetheGDPdeflatortoincreasebya.morethan1percent。b.lessthan1percent。c。1percent。d。Itisimpossibletomakeaninformedguesswithoutmoreinformation。3．IfincreasesinthepricesofU.S。medicalcarecausetheCPItoincreaseby2percent，theGDPdeflatorwilllikelyincreasebya.morethan2percent。b.2percent.c。lessthan2percent。d。Alloftheabovearecorrect。4．Thetraditionalviewoftheproductionprocessisthatcapitalissubjecttoa。constantreturns。b.increasingreturns。c.diminishingreturns.d。diminishingreturnsforlowlevelsofcapital,andincreasingreturnsforhighlevelsofcapital。5．Whichofthefollowingiscorrect？a。Politicalinstabilitycanreduceforeigninvestment，reducinggrowth。b.Gary’sBeckerproposaltopaymothersindevelopingcountriestokeeptheirchildreninschoolhasnotworkedverywellinpractice.c。Policiesdesignedtopreventimportsfromothercountriesgenerallyincreaseeconomicgrowth。d。Alloftheabovearecorrect.6．Usethefollowingtabletoanswerthefollowingquestion.StockSymYld％PEVol100sHiLoCloseNetChgGenMillsGIS2。5351375844.343。543。97-0。63GilletteG2.2313042831。129.7300.17GracoGGG1。21670524.223。123。95-0。53HersheyHSY2。138541863.461。762。450。72Assumethattheclosingpricewasalsotheaveragepriceatwhicheachstocktransactiontookplace。WhatwasthetotaldollarvolumeofGillettestocktradedthatday？a。＄912，840,000b。＄91,284，000c。＄9，128,400d。＄912，8407．SupposethatinaclosedeconomyGDPisequalto10，000，taxesareequalto2,500Consumptionequals6,500andGovernmentexpendituresequal2,000。Whatareprivatesaving，publicsaving，andnationalsaving?a。1500，1000，500b。1000,500，1500c.500,1500,1000d.Noneoftheabovearecorrect。8．Risk—aversepeoplewillchoosedifferentassetportfoliosthanpeoplewhoarenotriskaverse.Overalongperiodoftime，wewouldexpectthata.everyrisk—aversepersonwillearnahigherrateofreturnthaneverynon—riskaverseperson.b。everyrisk—aversepersonwillearnalowerrateofreturnthaneverynon—riskaverseperson。c.theaveragerisk-aversepersonwillearnahigherrateofreturnthantheaveragenon—riskaverseperson.d。theaveragerisk-aversepersonwillearnalowerrateofreturnthantheaveragenon—riskaverseperson。9．Thenaturalrateofunemploymentisthea.unemploymentratethatwouldprevailwithzeroinflation。b。rateassociatedwiththehighestpossiblelevelofGDP。c.differencebetweenthelong—runandshort-rununemploymentrates。d.amountofunemploymentthattheeconomynormallyexperiences。10．Supposethatthereserveratiois5percentandthatabankhas$1，000indeposits。Itsrequiredreservesarea。$5.b。＄50.c。$95.d。＄950.11．Supposeabankhas＄200,000indepositsand$190，000inloans.Ithasareserveratioofa。5percentb.9.5percentc。10percentd。Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.12．Theinflationtaxa.transferswealthfromthegovernmenttohouseholds.b。istheincreaseinincometaxesduetolackofindexation.c。isataxoneveryonewhoholdsmoney。d.Alloftheabovearecorrect。13．In1898，prospectorsontheKlondikeRiverdiscoveredgold.Thisdiscoverycausedanunexpectedpricelevela。decreasethathelpedcreditorsattheexpenseofdebtors.b.decreasethathelpeddebtorsattheexpenseofcreditors.c.increasethathelpedcreditorsattheexpenseofdebtors。d.increasethathelpeddebtorsattheexpenseofcreditors。14．Ivan，aRussiancitizen，sellsseveralhundredcasesofcaviartoarestaurantchainintheUnitedStates.Byitself，thissalea.increasesU。S。netexportsandhasnoeffectonRussiannetexports。b。increasesU。S.netexportsanddecreasesRussiannetexports.c.decreasesU。S。netexportsandhasnoeffectonRussiannetexports。d。decreasesU.S.netexportsandincreasesRussiannetexports.15．SupposethattherealexchangeratebetweentheUnitedStatesandKenyaisdefinedintermsofbasketsofgoods.Whichofthefollowingwillincreasetherealexchangerate（thatisincreasethenumberofbasketsofKenyangoodsabasketofU。S。goodsbuys）？a.anincreaseinthenumberofKenyanshillingsthatcanbepurchasedwithadollarb。anincreaseinthepriceofU.S。basketsofgoodsc。adecreaseinthepriceinKenyanshillingsofKenyangoodsd。Alloftheabovearecorrect.16．Usethe（hypothetical）informationinthefollowingtabletoanswerthenextquestion.CountryCurrencyCurrencyperU。S。DollarU。S。PriceIndexCountryPriceIndexBrazilReal4.00200800JapanYen125。0020050，000MexicoPeso10。002002,000SwedenKrona9.002002,000ThailandBaht45.002008，000Inrealterms,U.S。goodsaremoreexpensivethangoodsinwhichcountry（ies）？a。BrazilandMexicob。Japan,Sweden,andThailandc。JapanandSwedend。Thailand。17．Whichofthefollowingwouldtendtoshiftthesupplyofdollarsinforeign—currencyexchangemarketoftheopen—economymacroeconomicmodeltotheleft？a。Theexchangeraterises。b.Theexchangeratefalls。c.TheexpectedrateofreturnonU.S。assetsrises。d.TheexpectedrateofreturnonU。S。assetsfalls.18．Therealexchangerateequalstherelativea。priceofdomesticandforeigncurrency.b。priceofdomesticandforeigngoods。c.rateofdomesticandforeigninterest。d。Noneoftheaboveiscorrect。19．Intheopen—economymacroeconomicmodel，ifthesupplyofloanablefundsincreases，theinterestratea。andtherealexchangerateincrease。b.andtherealexchangeratedecrease.c.increasesandtherealexchangeratedecreases.d。decreasesandtherealexchangerateincreases。20．Forthefollowingquestion，usethegraphbelow.Theinitialeffectofanincreaseinthebudgetdeficitintheloanablefundsmarketisillustratedasamovefroma。atob.b.atoc。c.ctob。d.ctod。21．Whenthegovernmentspendsmore，theinitialeffectisthata。aggregatedemandshiftsright。b。aggregatedemandshiftsleft.c。aggregatesupplyshiftsright。d.aggregatesupplyshiftsleft。22．Supposetheeconomyisinlong—runequilibrium。Inashortspanoftime，thereisasharpincreaseintheminimumwage，amajornewdiscoveryofoil,alargeinfluxofimmigrants，andnewenvironmentalregulationsthatreduceelectricityproduction。Intheshortrun,wewouldexpecta。thepriceleveltoriseandrealGDPtofall.b。thepriceleveltofallandrealGDPtorise.c.thepricelevelandrealGDPbothtostaythesame.d.Alloftheabovearepossible。23．Supposetheeconomyisinlong-runequilibrium。Inashortspanoftime，thereisalargeinfluxofskilledimmigrants，amajornewdiscoveryofoil，andamajornewtechnologicaladvanceinelectricityproduction.Intheshortrun，wewouldexpecta.thepriceleveltoriseandrealGDPtofall。b.thepriceleveltofallandrealGDPtorise。c。thepricelevelandrealGDPbothtostaythesame。d。Alloftheabovearepossible。24．Accordingtoliquiditypreferencetheory,themoneysupplycurveisa。upwardsloping.b.downwardsloping.c。vertical。d。horizontal。25．WhentheFedbuysgovernmentbonds，thereservesofthebankingsystema。increase，sothemoneysupplyincreases。b。increase，sothemoneysupplydecreases.c.decrease，sothemoneysupplyincreases。d。decrease,sothemoneysupplydecreases.26．Accordingtothetheoryofliquiditypreference，anincreaseinthepricelevelcauseserestrateandinvestmenttoerestrateandinvestmenttoerestratetoriseandinvestmenttoerestratetofallandinvestmenttorise.27．Ifthestockmarketcrashes,a。aggregatedemandincreases，whichtheFedcouldoffsetbyincreasingthemoneysupply。b.aggregatedemandincreases，whichtheFedcouldoffsetbydecreasingthemoneysupply.c。aggregatedemanddecreases，whichtheFedcouldoffsetbyincreasingthemoneysupply.d。aggregatedemanddecreases，whichtheFedcouldoffsetbydecreasingthemoneysupply。28．IftheMPC=3/5,thenthegovernmentpurchasesmultiplierisa.5/3。b。5/2。c.5。d.15.29．Ifthegovernmentraisesgovernmentexpenditures,intheshortrun，pricesa。riseandunemploymentfalls。b.fallandunemploymentrises。c.andunemploymentrise。d.andunemploymentfall。30．Ifthelong—runPhillipscurveshiftstotheleft，foranygivenrateofmoneygrowthandinflationtheeconomywillhavea。higherunemploymentandloweroutput。b。higherunemploymentandhigheroutput.c.lowerunemploymentandloweroutput。d.lowerunemploymentandhigheroutput。得分评卷人二、判断题(每小题1分,共20分）31．WhenanAmericandoctoropensapracticeinBermuda,hisproductionthereispartofU。S。GDP.32．Incountrieswherewomenarediscriminatedagainst，policiesthatincreasetheircareerandeducationalopportunitiesarelikelytoincreasethebirthrate。33．MichaelKramerfoundthatworldgrowthrateshaveincreasedaspopulationhas.34．SupposeasmallclosedeconomyhasGDPof$5billion，Consumptionof＄3billion，andGovernmentexpendituresof＄1billion。Thendomesticinvestmentandnationalsavingareboth＄1billion。35．Accordingtotheefficientmarketshypothesis，atanymomentintime，themarketpriceisthebestguessofthecompany'svaluebasedonavailableinformation。36．Accordingtotheefficientmarketshypothesis，stocksfollowarandomwalksothatstocksthatincreaseinpriceoneyeararemorelikelytoincreasethandecreaseinthenextyear。37．IntheUnitedStates,blacksandwhiteshavesimilarlaborforceparticipationrates,butblackshaveahigherunemploymentrate.38．Accordingtothetheoryofefficiencywages，firmsoperatemoreefficientlyiftheycanpaywagesthatarebelowtheequilibriumlevel。39．InthemonthsofNovemberandDecember，peopleintheUnitedStatesholdalargerpartoftheirmoneyintheformofcurrencybecausetheyintendtoshopfortheholidays.Asaresult，themoneysupplyincreases，ceriseparousia.40．Inthe1990s,U。S。pricesroseataboutthesamerateasinthe1970s.41．Accordingtothetheoryofpurchasing-powerparity,therealexchangeratedefinedasforeigngoodsperunitofU。S.goodswillequalthedomesticpriceleveldividedbytheforeignpricelevel。42．Netcapitaloutflowrepresentsthequantityofdollarssuppliedintheforeign—currencyexchangemarket.43．Ifpolicymakersimposeimportrestrictionsonautomobiles,theU。S。tradedeficitwouldshrink。44．Mosteconomistsbelievethatclassicaltheoryexplainstheworldintheshortrun，butnotthelongrun。45．Becausenotallpricesadjustinstantlytochangingconditions,anunexpectedfallinthepricelevelleavessomefirmswithhigher-than—desiredprices，andthesehigher—than—desiredpricesdepresssalesandinducefirmstoreducethequantityofgoodsandservicestheyproduce.46．Allexplanationsfortheupwardslopeoftheshort—runaggregatesupplycurvesupposethatoutputsuppliedincreaseswhenthepricelevelincreasesmorethanexpected.47．Boththemultiplierandtheinvestmentacceleratortendtomaketheaggregatedemandcurveshiftfartherthantheincreaseingovernmentexpenditures.48．Duringrecessions，thegovernmenttendstorunabudgetdeficit.49．Ifmacroeconomicpolicyexpandsaggregatedemand,unemploymentwillfallandinflationwillriseintheshortrun。50．TheanalysisofFriedmanandPhelpsarguesthatanychangeininflationthatisexpectedhasnoimpactontheunemploymentrate。得分评卷人三、名词解释(每小题2分，共10分)51．diminishingreturns：52．nominalexchangerate:53．crowding—outeffect：54．stagflation：55．automaticstabilizers：得分评卷人四、简答题（8题中任选6题；每小题5分，共30分）56．Whyarepropertyrightsimportantforthegrowthofanation'sstandardofliving?57．Supposethatyouareabrokerandpeopletellyouthefollowingaboutthemselves。Whatsortofbondwouldyourecommendtoeach?Defendyourchoices.a。"IaminahighfederalincometaxbracketandIdon’twanttotakeverymuchrisk。”b。"IwantahighreturnandIamwillingtotakealotofrisktogetit."c。”IwantadecentreturnandIhaveenoughdeductionsthatIdon'tvaluetaxbreakshighly。"58．DrawasimpleT—accountforFirstNationalBankofMe，whichhas＄5,000ofdeposits,areserveratioof10percent，andexcessreservesof$300。59．Whatarethecostsofinflation?60．Makealistofthingsthatwouldshiftthelong—runaggregatesupplycurvetotheright。61．Illustratetheclassicalanalysisofgrowthandinflationwithaggregatedemandandlong—runaggregatesupplycurves.62．Whydoeconomiststhinkthatthewealtheffectandexchange-rateeffectarenotveryimportantfactorsinexplainingwhyaggregatedemandslopesdownward，atleastintheUnitedStates？63．Describetheprocessinthemoneymarketbywhichtheinterestratereachesitsequilibriumvalueifitstartsaboveequilibrium。得分评卷人五、讨论题（2题中任选1题;每小题10分,共10分)64。Assumetheeconomyisinarecession。Explainhoweachofthefollowingpolicieswouldaffectconsumptionandinvestment。Ineachcase,indicateanydirecteffects，anyeffectsresultingfromchangesintotaloutput,anyeffectsresultingfromchangesininterestrate，andtheoveralleffect.Ifthereareconflictingeffectsmakingtheanswerambiguous，sayso。a）.areductionintaxes;b）anexpansionofthemoneysupply。65。In1939,withtheU。S.economynotyetfullyrecoveredfromtheGreatDepression，PresidentRooseveltproclaimedthatThanksgivingwouldfallaweekearlierthanusualsothattheshoppingperiodbeforeChristmaswouldbelonger.Explainthisdecision，usingthemodelofaggregatedemandandaggregatesupply.《宏观经济学》答题纸题号一二三四五总分得分得分评卷人一、选择题(每小题1分，共30分）1。2。3。4.5。6。7。8。9。10。11。12。13。14。15.16。17。18.19.20.21.22.23.24。25.26.27.28。29。30。得分评卷人二、判断题（正确用“T”；错误用“F"；每小题1分,共20分）31。32.33.34.35.36.37.38。39。40.41。42.43。44。45.46。47.48.49。50.得分评卷人三、名词解释（每小题2分，共10分）51．catch-upeffect：52．depreciation:53．capitalflight：54．recession：55．automaticstabilizers：得分评卷人四、简答题（8题中任选6题；每小题5分，共30分；答题时请标明题号)得分评卷人五、讨论题（2题中任选1题;每小题10分，共10分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷B参考答案1.a2。d3.c4。c5.a6.b7。b8。d9.d10。b11。a12.c13.d14。d15。d16。d17。c18。b19。b20。c21。a22。d23。b24。c25。a26。c27。c28。b29。a30。d31。F32。F33.T34。T35.T36.F37。T38。F39。F40。F41。F42。T43。F44。F45。T46。T47。T48.T49。T50。T51。thepropertywherebythebenefitfromanextraunitofaninputdeclinesasthequantityoftheinputincreases.52。therateatwhichapersoncantradethecurrencyofonecountryforthecurrencyofanother.53.theoffsetinaggregatedemandthatresultswhenexpansionaryfiscalpolicyraisestheinterestrateandtherebyreducesinvestmentspending。54.aperiodoffallingoutputandrisingprices。55。changesinfiscalpolicythatstimulateaggregatedemandwhentheeconomygoesintoarecessionwithoutpolicymakershavingtotakeanydeliberateaction.56。Propertyrightsareanimportantprerequisiteforthepricesystemtoworkinamarketeconomy。Ifanindividualorcompanyisnotconfidentthatclaimsoverpropertyorovertheincomefrompropertycanbeprotected，orthatcontractscanbeenforced，therewillbelittleincentiveforindividualstosave，invest,orstartnewbusinesses。Likewise，therewillbelittleincentiveforforeignerstoinvestintherealorfinancialassetsofthecountry。Thedistortionofincentiveswillreduceefficiencyinresourceallocationandwillreducesavingandinvestmentwhichinturnwillreducethestandardofliving.57。a.Amunicipalbond,becausegenerallytheyhavelowcreditriskandarenotsubjecttofederalincometax。b。Ajunkbond.Becauseoftheirhighrisk,theyhaveahighreturn。c。Acorporatebondthatisn’tajunkbond.Becausetheyhavemoreriskthangovernmentbondsandhavenospecialtaxtreatment,theypaymoderateratesofreturn.58。FirstNationalBankofMeAssetsLiabilitiesReserves＄800Deposits$5，000Loans＄4，20059。Thecostsofinflationinclude”shoeleathercosts，”thecostofreducingyourmoneyholdingstoreduceyourinflationtax;"menucosts，”thecostsofpriceadjustments;thecostsofresourcemisallocationthatresultfromtherelative—pricevariabilityinducedbyinflation；thecostsofinflation—inducedtaxdistortions；thecostsofconfusionandinconvenience;