2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS泛读技能初养成学案新人教版选择性必修第四册

PAGEUNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS阅读P19－21教材课文，选择最佳答案1．Whendobabykangaroosbegintospendlesstimewiththeirmothers?A．Whentheyaresevenoreightmonths.B．Beforetheygoouttotrytheirlegs.C．Aftertheyhavelearnedtojump.D．Whentheystayintheirmothers'pouch.2．Whyshouldn'tyoutrytopetawildkangaroo?A．BecauseitisverycuteinAustralia.B．Becauseitlivesinadifficultenvironment.C．Becauseitisanindependentanimal.D．Becauseitmayharmyoubykickinghard.3．Whatdokoalasspendmostoftheirtimedoing?A．Eatingandsleeping.B．Climbingandeating.C．Stayinginpanic.D．Findingtheirfood.4．WhenwilltheTasmaniandevilscryloudly?A．Pleased. B．Fighting.C．Exciting. D．Puzzling.[答案]1－4CDABWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)distributionn．分布；安排；分发[教材原句P19]Ithastobethekangaroo，asithasawidedistributionthroughoutthecountry.这个动物确定是袋鼠，因为它广泛分布在全国各地。[例1]Ourcataloguelistsallourbooksthatareavailableforgeneraldistribution.我们在书目中列出全部全面发行的书。[例2]Thecountrywasnotedforitsunevendistributionoflandresources.这个国家以土地资源分布不匀称出名。[造句]松树的分布很广。Pineshaveaverywidedistribution.[学问拓展](1)distributionto 分发给(2)distributevt. 安排；分发distributesth.to/among 把某物安排/发给……o... 把……分成……[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Thefoodwasparceledupfordistributiontooutlyingcommunities.②Thefoodsanddrinkswillbedistributed(distribute)amongthechildren.③Hedividedthewatermeloninto10partsanddistributedthemto10children.[小片段填空]ThepapersuggeststhatuniversityMISusedistributeddatabasestructureanddiscussesthedatadistributionofdistributeddatabase.(distribute)eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)licensevt.批准；许可n．许可证；执照[教材原句P20]Ifyouwanttoholdakoala，youhavetogotocertainlicensedzoos...假如你想抱树袋熊，你必需去某些有许可证的动物园……[例1]Theauthoritieslicensecertainshopstoselltobacco.当局批准特定店铺出售烟草。[例2]Hewaslicensedtodonomorethansendamessage.允许他做的事情只不过是捎个信而已。[造句]他们已发了许可证给那家私人旅馆。Theyhavelicensedtheprivatehotel.[学问拓展]licensesb.todo... 允许或批准某人做某事belicensedfor 获准……[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Heoughtnottohavebeenlicensedtoflyaplane.②ThecompanyexpectsthatthedrugwillbelicensedforuseintheUSAwithinthenextyear.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的[教材原句P20]Fortunately，despitetheirname，theyaregenerallynotviolenttowardspeople.幸运的是，尽管他们的名字不好听，但它们通常对待人并不暴力。[例1]Theylaidviolenthandsonhim.他们对他施以暴力。[例2]Theviolentwindsburiedthevillageinsand.狂风把村子掩埋在沙中。[造句]这个精神病患者很暴力，不得不把他锁起来。Themadmanwasviolentandhadtobelockedup.[学问拓展](1)layviolenthandson 对……行凶，对……下毒手beviolentto/towards 对……粗暴(2)violencen. 暴力；暴行[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Shethoughtthatsomeofthemhadbeenlayingviolenthandsonme.②Heslammedthedoorwithviolence(violent)．③Myfatherwasviolentto/towardsmymotherwhenhewasdrunk.[小片段填空]Isetouttomakeafilmwithoutviolence，andDollsendedupbecomingthemostviolentfilmthatI'vemade.(violence)eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)hatchvi.孵出；破壳vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋[教材原句P21]Itseggshatchafterabouttendays...它的蛋大约10天后破壳……[例1]Don'tcountthechickensbeforetheyarehatched.[谚]鸡蛋还未孵，别忙数鸡雏。[例2]Ihatchedallthearrangementforthedance.我为舞会做了一切支配。[造句]那些蛋孵化了吗？Havetheeggshatchedoutyet?[学问拓展]hatcheggs 孵蛋hatchout 孵化出来；结果变成[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Thechickshatchoutafter21days.②Inthedepthsofaforestaduckwassittinginhernest.Herlittleducklingswereabouttobehatched(hatch)SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重点句式)until引导时间状语从句[教材原句P20]Theysleepanddrinkmilkinthattemporary，protectedenvironmentuntiltheyareaboutsevenoreightmonthsold．大约七八个月大之前，它们始终待在那个短暂受爱护的环境里睡觉和吃奶。[句式分析]eq\x(句中until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……时”。)[例1]I'llworkuntilhetellsmetostop.我会始终工作到他叫我停下来为止。[例2]Untilthelastminuteofthematch，theplayerskeptonplaying.直到竞赛的最终一分钟，运动员们仍在奋战。[造句]他们将始终等到她回来。Theywillwaittheretillshereturns.[学问拓展](1)till和until可以通用，表示主句谓语动词所表达的动作持续到从句谓语动词所表达的动作发生时为止，在确定句中，主句要用持续性动词。(2)在否定句中，until或till可以和非持续性动词连用。until引导的从句可以放在句首，till引导的从句一般放在句末。(3)notuntil放在句首时，主句的主谓要倒置，表示加强语气。[即学即练]——完成句子①Shedidn'tgotobeduntilshehadmadesurethateverythingwasinorder.直到她确信一切都井然有序后才去睡觉。②Theparentswaitedfortheboysuntilitgotdark．父母们等那些男孩子始终等到天黑。③Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegotobed．直到完成工作他才去睡觉。标题归纳题记叙文、说明文和争论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：(1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?(2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text?(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?(4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis．一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——精确而又简短；针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。解题技巧1．“高度概括”定标题(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的留意，标题往往比较醒目。(2)一般文章的标题可依据主题句来推断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没有明确的主题句，须要依据文中的事实细微环节，查找文章的“主线”，归纳出文章的主题。2．文章标题三特点(1)形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多；(2)短小精悍，精确性强；(3)涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意。[典例]StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter，includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收银台)．Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia，includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds，plastic­bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat，theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis，thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic­baguseitcancelsout.However，longer­lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(质疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.★Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Plastic，PaperorNeitherB．Industry，PollutionandEnvironmentC．RecycleorThrowAwayD．GarbageCollectionandWasteControlA[本文讲解并描述了运用塑料袋造成的环境问题，纸袋简单回收，但生产和运输须要更多的能源，希望消费者运用耐用可重复运用的袋子。文章对这三个方面进行了对比，Plastic，PaperorNeither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题，故选A。][对点训练]AIfacitywantstoholdtheOlympics，itmustsubmitaproposaltotheIOC.Afterallproposalshavebeensubmitted，theIOCvotes.Ifnocitywiththefewestvotesiseliminated(淘汰)，thevotingcontinues，untilamajoritywinnerisdetermined.Typically，theGamesareawardedseveralyearsinadvance，allowingthewinningcitytimetopreparefortheGames.InselectingthesiteoftheOlympicGames，theIOCconsidersanumberoffactors，andchieflyamongthemiswhichorganizingcommitteeseemsmostlikelytostagetheGameseffectively.TheIOCalsoconsiderswhichpartsoftheworldhavenotyethostedtheGames.Forinstance，Tokyo，thehostofthe1964SummerGames，andBeijing，thatofthe2008Games，werechoseninparttopopularizetheOlympicmovementinAsia.Becauseofthegrowingimportanceoftelevisionworldwide，theIOCinrecentyearshasalsotakenintoaccountthehostcity'stimezone.WhenevertheGamestakeplaceintheUSAorCanada，forexample，Americantelevisionnetworksarewillingtopayspeciallyhigheramountsfortelevisionrightsbecausetheycanbroadcastpopulareventsliveinthebestviewinghours.OncetheGameshavebeenawarded，itisthedutyofthelocalorganizingcommittee—nottheIOCortheNOCofthehostcity'scountrytoprovidethemwithmoney.ThisisoftendonewithapartoftheOlympictelevisionrevenues(收入)，andcorporatesponsorships，ticketssales，andothersmallerrevenuesources.Inmanycasesthereisalsodirectgovernmentsupport.AlthoughmanycitieshavegainedamountsofmoneybyhostingtheGames，theOlympicscanbefinanciallyrisky.IfthefinancialgainsfromtheGamesarelessthanexpected，thecitywillbeleftwithlargedebts.★Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．WinnerorLoserB．ApplyingforHostfortheOlympicsC．HowtoHosttheOlympicGamesD．TheOlympicGamesB[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程：先向国际奥委会提交提案，国际奥委会依据规则和实际状况投票选择主办城市，一旦确定主办城市，则该城市应主动打算。故B项最适合作本文的标题。]BTheDetroitSymphonyOrchestrawillbeperformingworksbyGeorgesBizetonFridaymorning.Youmightenjoyclassicalmusicandliketoattendtheperformance，butlivefarawayfromAmerica'sMotorCity.OnSaturday，theGoGogroupCurtisJohnsonisperformingattheKennedyCenterinWashingtonD．C.Ifyouliveoverseas，goingtothatshowisprobablyoutofthequestion.Butthereisasolution!Theseandotherconcertsareavailable“live”ontheInternet.Youcanheartheminrealtimewithanelectronicdevice.BothperformanceswillbeavailableontheWorldWideWeb.Theyarepartofagrowingnumberofconcertsbroadcastoncomputers，tabletsandsmartphones.Thesedigitalconcertsareknownaslive­streaming.TechnologyexpertMichaelAntonoffsaysbetterandlesscostlyequipmentismakingiteasierforperformersandtheaterstooffermusic“live”online.“Thequalityofthesoundandvideopicturesareimprovingallthetime，”hesays.“Thoseonlineconcertsnowhaveasmanyas40，000viewerspershow.Peoplein100nationsarewatchi