信息与通信工程专业英语-试卷及答案

PAGEPAGE8装订线装订装订线装订线装订线装订线《信息与通信工程专业英语》学院：专业：信息与通信工程姓名：学号：题号一二三四五六总分得分签名得分第一题、通信工程专业英语常用词组翻译。（每小题1.5分，共30分)1.将下列英文词组翻译为汉语。（1）Integratedcircuit集成电路（2）Individualelectrons单个电子（3）Bandwidth频带宽度（4）Conductorlength导体长度（5）Vector向量（6）Interface界面（7）Signalfrequency信号频率（8）Voltage电压（9）Integralform积分形式（10）Tensor张量2.将下列汉语词组翻译为英语。（1）模拟器simulator（2）传导率conductivity（3）模式识别patternrecognition（4）种类category（5）数字技术digitaltechniques（6）语音识别speechrecognition（7）磁共振magneticresonance（8）虚拟现实virtualreality（9）放大器amplifier（10）信息技术informationtechnology得分第二题、英文和汉语词组正确搭配。（每小组1分，共10分）Modulationsidebands数据信道fIntermediatefrequency中频bAnalogsystem有监督学习eFeedbacknetwork载波信道jSupervisedlearning模拟系统cDatachannel反馈网络dAdaptivelearning数字信号处理hDigitalsignalprocessing调制边带aNegativefeedback自适应学习gBearerchannel负反馈i得分第三题、将下面几段文字翻译为汉语。（每小题4分，共12分）第三题、将下面几段文字翻译为汉语。（每小题5分，共15分）1.Wi-Fiisthetrademarkforthepopularwirelesstechnologyusedinhomenetworks,mobilephones,videogamesandotherelectronicdevicesthatrequiresomeformofwirelessnetworkingcapability.装订装订线装订线装订线装订线2.Thenaturalsensors,likethosefoundinlivingorganisms,usuallyrespondwithsignals,havinganelectro-chemicalcharacter,thatis,theirphysicalnatureisbasedoniontransport,likeinthenervefibers.天然的传感器，像在活体生物中发现的那些传感器，通常以具有电化学特性的信号作为响应，也就是说，它们的物理性质基于离子传输，像在神经纤维一样。Someoftheresultingwaveletcoefficientscorrespondtodetailsinthedataset.Ifthedetailsaresmall,theymightbeomittedwithoutsubstantiallyaffectingthemainfeatureofthedataset.得到某些小波系数对应于数据集中的细节量。如果这些细节量取值小，可以忽略不计，而不会对数据集中的主要特征产生本质影响。得分第四题、简答题。（每小题15分，共45分）第四题、简答题。（每小题15分，共45分）第四题、将下面几段文字翻译为英语。（每小题4分，共8分）输入权重和阈值的加入使得神经元更加灵活与强大。神经元具有通过改变权值或者阈值来适应具体情况的能力。Theadditionofinputweightsandthresholdsmakesneuronsmoreflexibleandpowerful.Neuronshavetheabilitytoadapttospecificsituationsbychangingweightsorthresholds.如果我们把光波看作一种电磁波，那么无线通信的历史可以追溯到宇宙的起源。自从远古人类开始通过在山顶之间呐喊的方式来传递信息，人类便开始希望通过无线进行便捷有效的交流。Ifwethinkoflightasanelectromagneticwave,thehistoryofwirelesscommunicationcanbetracedbacktotheoriginoftheuniverse.Sinceancienthumansbegantotransmitinformationbyshoutingfromtoptotop,theybegantohopeforconvenientandeffectivecommunicationthroughwireless.得分第四题、简答题。（每小题15分，共45分）第四题、简答题。（每小题15分，共45分）第五题、将读下面的2篇阅读，并为每道题选择唯一正确的答案。（每小题2分，共20分）Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

America'seducationsystemhasbecomelessaladderofopportunitythanastructuretotransmitinequalityfromonegenerationtothenext.

That'swhyschoolreformissocritical.Thisisanissueofequality,opportunityandnationalconscience.It'snotjustabouteducation,butaboutpovertyandjustice.

It'struethatthemainreasoninner-cityschoolsdopoorlyisn'tteachers'unions,butpoverty.Southernstateswithoutstrongteachers'，unionshaveschoolsatleastasawfulasthoseinunionstates.SomeChicagoteachersseemtothinkthattheyshouldn'tbeheldaccountableuntilpovertyissolved.Therearestepswecantakethatwouldmakesomedifference,andMayorRahmEmanuelistryingsomeofthem—yettheunionisresisting.

I'dbesympatheticiftheunionfocusedsolelyonhighercompensation.Teachersneedtobemuchbetterpaidtoattractthebestcollegegraduatestothenation'sworstschools.But,instead,theChicagounionseemstobeusingitspoliticalcapitalprimarilytoprotectweakperformers.

There'ssolidevidencethattherearehugedifferencesintheeffectivenessofteachers.ThegoldstandardstudybyHarvardandColumbiaUniversityscholarsfoundthateveninhigh-povertyschools,teachersconsistentlyhadahugepositiveornegativeimpact.

Getabottom1%teacher,andtheeffectisthesameasifachildmisses40%oftheschoolyear.Getateacherfromthetop20%,andit'sasifachildhasgonetoschoolforanextramonthortwo.

Thestudyfoundthatstrongteachersinthefourththrougheighthgradesraisedtheskillsoftheirstudentsinwaysthatwouldlastfordecades.Justhavingastrongteacherforoneelementaryyearleftpupilsabitlesslikelytobecomemothersasteenagers,abitmorelikelytogotocollegeandearningmoremoneyatage28.

Howdoesonefigureoutwhoisaweakteacher?Yes,that'sachallenge.Butresearchersareimprovingsystemstomeasureateacher'sperformancethroughouttheyear,and,withthreeyearsofdata,ifsusuallypossibletotellwhichteachersarefailing.

Unfortunately,theunioninChicagoisinsistingthatteacherswhoarelaidoff—oftenforbeingineffective—shouldgetpriorityinnewhiring.That'saninsulttostudents.

Teachingissoimportantthatitshouldbelikeotherprofessions,withhighpayandgoodworkingconditionsbutfewjobprotectionsforbottomperformers.

Thisisn'tabattlebetweengarmentworkersandgreedybosses.ThecentralfiguresintheChicagoschoolsstrikeareneitherstrikersnormanagersbut350,000装订线装订线装订线装订线children.Protectingtheuniondemandsacrificesthosestudents,ineffectturningablindeyetotheinjusticeintheeducationsystem.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutAmerica'seducationsystem?（B）

A)Itprovidesaladderofopportunityforthewealthy.

B)Itcontributeslittletotheeliminationofinequality.

C)Ithasremainedbasicallyunchangedforgenerations.

D)Ithasbroughtupgenerationsofresponsiblecitizens.

2.Whatischieflyresponsiblefortheundesirableperformanceofinner-cityschools?装订线装订线装订线装订线Demandhigherpayforteachers.B)Giveconstructiveadvicetoinner-cityschools.Helpteachersimproveteaching.

4.WhatisthefindingofthegoldstandardstudybyHarvardandColumbiaUniversityscholars?（D）

A)Manyinner-cityschoolteachersarenotequaltotheirjobs.

B)Alargeproportionofinner-citychildrenoftenmissclasses.

C)Manystudentsaredissatisfiedwiththeirteachers.

D)Studentperformancehasalottodowithteachers.

5.WhydoestheauthorsaytheChicagounionsdemandisaninsulttostudents?（A）

A)Itprotectsincompetentteachersattheexpenseofstudents.

B)Itunderestimatesstudents,abilitytotellgoodteachersfrompoorones.

C)Itmakesstudentsfeelthattheyarediscriminatedagainstinmanyways.

D)Ittotallyignoresstudents，initiativeinthelearningprocess.Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Airpollutionisdeterioratinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedassoonasthesunshinesprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen,openspaces.Theydonotallknowwhattheyareseekingbuttheyflockthere,nevertheless.And,inthesesurroundings,theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.Itisraretoseepeoplefightinginagarden.Perhapsstruggleunfoldsfirst,notataneconomicorsociallevel,butovertheappropriationofair,essentialtolifeitself.

Ifhumanbeingscanbreatheandshareair,theydon'tneedtostrugglewithoneanother.Unfortunately,inourwesterntradition,neithermaterialistnoridealisttheoreticiansgiveenoughconsiderationtothisbasicconditionforlife.Asforpoliticians,despiteproposingcurbsonenvironmentalpollution,theyhavenotyetcalledforittobemadeacrime.Wealthycountriesareevenallowedtopolluteiftheypayforit.

Butisourlifeworthanythingotherthanmoney?Theplantworldshowsusinsilencewhatfaithfulnesstolifeconsistsof.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning,urgingustocareforourbreath,notonlyatavitalbutalsoataspirituallevel.Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentionisthatwhichexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.Oftendescribedas"thelungsoftheplanet",thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathableairbyreleasingoxygen.Buttheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhaslongreacheditslimit.Ifwelacktheairnecessaryforahealthylife,itisbecausewehavefilleditwithchemicalsandundercuttheabilityofplantstoregenerateit.Asweknow,rapideforestationcombinedwiththemassiveburningoffossilfuelsisanexplosiverecipeforanirreversibledisaster.

Thefightovertheappropriationofresourceswillleadtheentireplanettohellunlesshumanslearntsharelife,bothwitheachotherandwithplants.Thistaskissimultaneouslyethicalandpoliticalbecausecanbedischargedonlywheneachtakesituponherselforhimselfandonlywheni