Unit 5 动词不定式（课件）八年级英语上册单元语法精练（人教版）

人教版初中英语语法Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?八年级上册

人教版8年级上册（单元）语法点Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?*一般过去时*复合不定代词Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?*频度副词次数的表达*Howoften…Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.*形容词副词的原级与比较级Unit4What’sthebestmovietheater?*形容词和副词的最高级Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?*动词不定式Unit6

I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.*begoingto结构*疑问副词Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?*一般将来时综合Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?*祈使句*可数名词与不可数名词*序列副词Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?*情态动词can、might、would、must的用法Unit10Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime!*条件状语从句CONTENTS动词不定式Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?动词不定式由“to+

动词原形”构成，具有动词、名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。to+动词原型（动词不定式）toflytostudytogetuptoswimtogototowritetolistentotoreadtoeattodrinktoseetorun动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”

有时可省略不定式符号to否定形式是“not+to+动词原形”。Thedriverfailedtoseethecarintime.‌这个司机没有及时看到汽车。You'dbetterchangeyourjob.你最好换一份工作。Thebosspretended

not

to

see

JohnandI.

老板假装没看见我和约翰。to+动词原形

省略不定式符号tonot+to+动词原形

补语主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词不定式可以作…主语todo不定式在句中自己可以作主语，相当于名词或代词，表示具体的或将来的动作。TolearnEnglishwellisverydifficult.

=It

isverydifficulttolearnEnglishwell.

学好英语很难。不定式作主语真正的主语形式主语It作形式主语itis+adj.todo

Itis+adj.forsbtodo(用于评价事）主语todo不定式在句中自己可以作主语，相当于名词或代词，表示具体的或将来的动作。important：It’simportanttoread./It’simportantformetoread.necessary:It’snecessarytodrink./It’snecessaryforustodrink.Interesting:It’sinterestingtoswim./It’sinterestingforyoutoswim.boring:It’sboringtowatchTV./It’sboringforthemtowatchTV.adj.It作形式主语Itis+adj.ofsb.todo(用于评价人）主语todo不定式在句中自己可以作主语，相当于名词或代词，表示具体的或将来的动作。kind:‌It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.‌

polite:It’sverypoliteofyoutogiveyourseattooldpeople.‌

stupid:It's

really

stupid

of

youtotellalie.considerate:it'sconsiderateofyoutogivemesomuchmoney.adj.2.Itis+名词+todo3.其他固定句型Ittakessb.sometimetodo主语todo不定式在句中自己可以作主语，相当于名词或代词，表示具体的或将来的动作。‌ItisagoodideatogohikingonSunday.‌在周日去徒步是一个好主意。‌‌Itismypleasuretohelpyou.‌很高兴能帮助你。Ittakesmymotheranhourtocleanthehouseeverymorning.我妈妈每天早上花费一个小时来打扫房间。宾语动词不定式可以作动词的宾语。

Wouldyouliketoseeafilmthisevening?今天晚上你想去看电影吗?Ihopetovisitthisplaceagain.我希望再一次参观这个地方。

不定式做like的宾语不定式做hope的宾语常见不定式作宾语的动词

decide决定

choose选择

want想要

plan计划agree同意

expect期望

refuse拒绝

like喜欢hope希望只能用不定式作宾语的动词afford,agree,decide,decline,fail,hope,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish只能用-ing形式宾语的动词admit,avoid,consider,deny,delay,enjoy,finish,imagine,

mind,practise,risk,suggest,putoff,giveup既能用不定式又能-ing形式的动词begin,start,like,prefer,remember,regret,need,try,mean非谓语形式作宾语,大致有三种情况1.动词+疑问词+todohow+todo：Pleaseshowushowtodothat.

what+todo:‌Hehasnotdecidedwhattodo.where+todo:Doyouknowwheretogo?when+todo:‌Iamnotsurewhentomeet.whether+todo:‌Idon'tknowwhethertostayorgo.‌

who+todo:Idon'tknowwhotoaskforhelp.tip2.如果动词不定式前面是why，后

to省略Whynot+do…?Whynotgotoschooltoday?Whydon’tyou+do…?Whydon’tyougothere?3.其他省略to的hadbetter(not)+do…You'dbetter(not)leavenow.wouldrather+do…‌Iwouldratherstayathomeandreadabook.tip以上形式to省略表语不定式做表语表示目的、结果，是对主语的补充说明。Myjobistoplantflowers.我的工作是种花。

Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。Hisdreamistobeateacher.他的理想是成为一名老师。定语动词不定式所表示的动作一般后于谓语动词所表示的动作或在将来发生。如果不定式为不及物动词，则需保留介词。Mymotherhasalotofhouseworktodo.Ineedaboytogowith.Heislookingforapartytotakepartin.动宾关系,家务活还没做动宾关系,去的动作还没有发生动状关系,参加的动作还没有发生定语Theyare

the

onlyteam

to

win.Heis

thefirstoneto

gotoschool.Iwas

thelast

person

to

arrive.

序数词(first、second、

third)形容词最高级theonly,thenext,thelast,theright+名词序数词，形容词最高级以及theonly修饰名词时候，后面用不定式。状语作状语表示目的、原因、结果和条件等。其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。InordertostudyEnglish,hewenttoAustralia.为了学习英语，他去了澳大利亚。目的状语，位于句首Sheiscryingwithsadnesstohearthenews.

听到这个消息，她悲伤的哭了。Mymotherwokeuponlytofindeverythingisdifferent.我妈妈醒了后发现什么都变了。

结果状语，only表示强调原因状语补语1.固定搭配=动词+sb.todosthtellsb.todo

asksb.to

allowsb.todo.动词不定式可以作宾语补足语I

told

himtocleanhisroom.我叫他打扫房间。Heaskedmetowaitamoment.他请我等一会儿。Momallowme

to

watchTV.

妈妈允许我去看电视.补语2.省略

to的不定式作宾补语seesb.dowatchsb.donoticesb.do

make/let/havesb.do.动词不定式可以作宾语补足语Weoftenseetheoldmantakeawalkinthepark.‌

我们经常看到那位老人在公园里散步。Thecoldweathermademefeelsleepy.寒冷的天气让我感觉困倦。课本练一练仔细观察动词后面所接形式课本练一练watchatalkshowwatchaTVdramawanttowatchaTVdramawatchatalkshow课本练一练It’sinteresting.Iliketowatchsitcoms.No,Iwanttowatchthenews.Ihopetofineoutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.拓展练一练

1．____moreaboutrarewildanimals,Ispentsometimesearchingonlinelastnight.A．Tolearn B．Learning

C．LearnD．Learn2．—Doyoufeellike_____sports?

—No,I’dlike_____agoodrest.A．toplay;totakeB．playing;ta