湖南省益阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

益阳市2023年下学期普通高中期末质量检测高一英语（试题卷）（时长:120分钟满分:150分）注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.What’sthewoman’sfavouriteinstrument?A.Piano.B.Violin.C.Guitar.2.Wheredidtheconversationtakeplace?A.InaKFCstore.B.Onthephone.C.Onthestreet.3.Whenwillthespeakersseethemovie?A.ThisThursday.B.NextMonday.C.ThisSaturday.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apieceofnews.B.Afamoushotel.C.Awell-knownnewspaper.5.Howdoesthegirlfindherseniorhighschoollife?A.Enjoyable.B.Tiring.C.Boring.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatdoesPeterplantobuytomorrow?A.Jackets.B.Trousers.C.Awallet.7.WhydoesPeter’smotherwanttochangetheskirt?A.Itdoesn’tfither.B.Itisoutoffashion.C.Shedoesn’tlikethecolor.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hegetsastomachache.B.Hehasatoothache.C.Hegetsacold.9.Whatshouldthemandoaccordingtothewoman’swords?A.Eathealthily.B.Exerciseinthegym.C.Stayindoors.10.Whatisthewomanaccordingtotheconversation?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Astudent.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Acouple.C.Workmates.12.WhydoesDavidusuallycometoChina?A.Totakeatrip.B.Todobusiness.C.Tomeetfriends.13.WhatdoesMariarecommendtheBrazilianrestaurantfor?A.Goodservice.B.Niceenvironment.C.Deliciousfood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Howdidthewomanthinkofheradventurevacation?A.Dangerous.B.Great.C.Terrible.15.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?ADiving.B.Rockclimbing.C.Bungeejumping.16.Whatseaanimalsdidthewomanmeet?A.Awhale.B.Ashark.C.Adolphin.17.Whatwasthemostexcitingpartoftheadventuretriptothewoman?A.Divingwithdolphins.B.Exploringsomeoldcaves.C.Enjoyingsunshineonthebeach.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.HowoldisAlvinnow?A.12.B.14.C.16.19.WheredoesAlvin’smotherwork?A.Inaschool.B.Inacompany.C.Inastudio.20.WhatdoweknowaboutAlvin?A.HeprefersChinesemovies.B.Heistooshytotalktostrangers.C.Hewouldliketomakefriends.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAtrans-Canadatraintripisanadventurethatwillstaywithyouforaverylongtime.Herearesomemust-seeplacestovisitalongtheway:VancouverThere’sareasonwhyVancouverneverfailstoimpress.Itisreallystunning,withplentyofgreenopenspaces,mountainsandoceanviews.Plus,thiswestcoastcityalsohasadiverselivemusicandartscene,world-classmuseumsandplentyoflocallyownedcoffeehousesandcreativerestaurants.JasperJasperNationalParkistwicethesizeofBanffNationalParkyetdrawsonlyaroundhalfthevisitors,whichmeansyou’llencounterfewercrowdsonthestunninghikingpathsthroughvalleys,mountainpassesandgrasslands.Keepaneyeoutforelk,bighornsheepandotherwildlocalresidents.QuébecCityConsideredthecrownjewelofFrenchCanada,QuebecCityisoneofNorthAmerica’soldestandmostremarkablesettlements.TheOldTownislikealivingmuseumofnarrowcobblestonestreets,17thand18thcenturyhousesandchurches.There’smorethanaglimmerofoldEuropeinitsclassicpubs,sidewalkcafesandtidysquare.MontrealMontrealiswhereallthefunhappens.Thecitylivesforthearts,withmorethan90festivalsthroughouttheyearandanimpressivecollectionofmuseums,galleriesandperformancespaces.Addinarchitecturethatwillmakeyouthinkyou’reinEuropeandoneofthemostdiversefoodscenesinNorthAmerica,andyouwillhavearecipeforagoodtime.1.Ifyouareinterestedinwildlife,whichplacewillattractyou?A.Vancouver. B.Jasper. C.QuébecCity. D.Montreal.2.WhatcanyoudoinQuébecCity?A.Visitamuseumofcobblestones. B.Attendvariousfestivals.C.EnjoyadrinkinaEuropean-stylepub. D.Walkacrossthevastgrassland.3.WhatdoVancouverandMontrealhaveincommon?A.Attractivemuseums. B.Largequantitiesofwildlife.C.Asmallcrowdofvisitors. D.Over90festivalseveryyear.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了加拿大四个旅游目的地的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Keepaneyeoutforelk,bighornsheepandotherwildlocalresidents.(留意麋鹿、大角羊和其他当地野生动物)”可知，如果你对野生动物感兴趣，Jasper会吸引你。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There’smorethanaglimmerofoldEuropeinitsclassicpubs,sidewalkcafesandtidysquare.(在它的经典酒吧、路边咖啡馆和整洁的广场上，不仅有一丝古老的欧洲气息)”可知，在QuébecCity你可以在欧式酒吧喝一杯。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Plus,thiswestcoastcityalsohasadiverselivemusicandartscene,world-classmuseumsandplentyoflocallyownedcoffeehousesandcreativerestaurants.(此外，这座西海岸城市还拥有多样化的现场音乐和艺术场景，世界级的博物馆和大量当地拥有的咖啡馆和创意餐厅)”以及最后一段“Thecitylivesforthearts,withmorethan90festivalsthroughouttheyearandanimpressivecollectionofmuseums,galleriesandperformancespaces.(这座城市为艺术而生，全年有90多个节日，还有令人印象深刻的博物馆、画廊和表演空间)”可知，温哥华和蒙特利尔的共同之处是都有吸引人的博物馆。故选A。BA25-year-oldyoungmanfromGuineabikedacrossAfrica,reachedCairoonSeptember5andreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-AzharUniversity,oneoftheworld’soldestandmostrespectedSunniMuslimlearningcenters.MamadouSafaiouBarrylivesintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.HewantedtostudyIslamictheology(伊斯兰教神学)atatopschoolinCairo,Egypt.Withoutmoneytopayfortransport,BarrydrewamapofAfricaandheadedoutonausedbicycleforthetripacrossthecontinent,carryingonlyachangeofclothes,aflashlightandasmalltool.Barryrodeabout100kilometerseachday.HerodethroughMali,BurkinaFaso,Togo,BeninandNiger.HehadtostopinN’Djamena,theChadiancapital,becauseoftheongoingConflictinSudan.Hesaidhehadalreadybeendetainedthreetimes-twiceinBurkinaFasoandonceinTogo.There,securityforcesheldhimforninedayswithoutchargebeforereleasinghimfor$56.Thatwasallofhismoneyfortherestofthetrip,hesaid.ThousandsofWestAfricanslikeBarrytakeriskyjourneysacrosstheSaharadeserteachyearsearchingforabetterlife.Butmanynevermakeit.Nearly500peoplediedordisappearedonWestAfricanmigrationrouteslastyear,datafromtheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationshows.Barrythoughttheriskwasworthit.“Ifyouhaveadream,staywithitandbestrong.”hesaid,“Godwillhelpyou.”Barry’sluckchangedagaininChad.There,alocalphilanthropist(慈善家),whohadreadabouthistriponline,offeredtoflyhimdirectlytoEgyptandavoidthefightinginSudan.Afterfourmonthsandtravellingthrough7countries,heisinCaironowandhasreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-Azhar.BarryintendstoreturntoGuineawhenhisstudiesarecomplete,tospreadthefaiththathastakenhimsofar.“WhenIreturntomycountry,IwouldliketobesomeonewhoteachesIslamandtellspeoplehowtodogoodthings,”hesaid.4.WhydidBarrystartthejourneyacrossAfrica?A.Tosearchforabetterlife.B.Toexploredifferentlandscapes.C.Toescapetheconflictinhishomecountry.D.TorealizehisdreamofstudyingIslamictheologyinCairo.5.WhatdoesParagraph4functionas?A.Backgroundinformation. B.Detaileddescription.C.Typicalexamples. D.Dataanalysis.6WhichwordcanbestdescribeBarry?A.Skilled. B.Gifted. C.Humorous. D.Determined.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IslamSpreadinginAfricaB.AfricanPhilanthropistSupportingaYoungManC.GuineanStudentCyclingacrossAfricaforHisDreamD.AfricanYoungManSurvivingacrosstheSaharaDesert【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了25岁的MamadouSafaiouBarry为了学习伊斯兰神学，骑自行车穿越非洲。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“HewantedtostudyIslamictheology(伊斯兰教神学)atatopschoolinCairo,Egypt.Withoutmoneytopayfortransport,BarrydrewamapofAfricaandheadedoutonausedbicycleforthetripacrossthecontinent,carryingonlyachangeofclothes,aflashlightandasmalltool.(他想在埃及开罗的一所顶尖学校学习伊斯兰神学。巴里没有钱支付交通费，他画了一幅非洲地图，骑着一辆旧自行车出发，只带了一套换洗的衣服、一个手电筒和一个小工具，开始了穿越非洲大陆的旅行)”可知，巴里开始穿越非洲的旅程是为了实现他在开罗学习伊斯兰神学的梦想。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThousandsofWestAfricanslikeBarrytakeriskyjourneysacrosstheSaharadeserteachyear,searchingforabetterlife.Butmanynevermakeit.Nearly500peoplediedordisappearedonWestAfricanmigrationrouteslastyear,datafromtheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationshows.(每年都有成千上万像巴里一样的西非人冒险穿越撒哈拉沙漠，寻找更好的生活。但很多人都没能成功。国际移民组织的数据显示，去年有近500人在西非移民路线上死亡或失踪)”可知，第四段的作用是背景信息。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Barrythoughttheriskwasworthit.“Ifyouhaveadream,staywithitandbestrong.”hesaid,“Godwillhelpyou.”(巴里觉得冒这个险是值得的。“如果你有梦想，坚持下去，要坚强。他说，“上帝会帮助你的。”)”可知，巴里是个坚定的人。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A25-year-oldyoungmanfromGuineabikedacrossAfrica,reachedCairoonSeptember5andreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-AzharUniversity,oneoftheworld’soldestandmostrespectedSunniMuslimlearningcenters.(一名来自几内亚的25岁年轻人骑自行车穿越非洲，于9月5日抵达开罗，并获得了爱资哈尔大学的全额奖学金。爱资哈尔大学是世界上最古老、最受尊敬的逊尼派穆斯林学习中心之一)”结合文章主要讲述了25岁的MamadouSafaiouBarry为了学习伊斯兰神学，骑自行车穿越非洲。可知，C选项“一名几内亚学生为了梦想骑自行车穿越非洲”最符合文章标题。故选C。CAstudyhasfoundthatafifthofteenagersconsumeenergydrinksundertheimpressionthattheyaregoodforhealth.Thenewresearchquestionedalmost4,000highschoolstudentsabouttheenergydrinksandfoundthatboysweremuchmorelikelytodrinkthem.Australiarequirescompaniestolabeltheirdrinksas“notsuitableforchildren”,yetthefindingspublishedinajournalshowedmanyteensstillbelievedthedrinkswerebeneficial.Theenergydrinkmarketisexpectedtogrowtoa$72billionby2024andreach$108.4billionby2031.Separatemarketanalysisshowedteenswhodrinkenergydrinksweremorelikelytoshowanti-socialbehaviour,includingsmoking,alcoholconsumptionandotherthings.Energydrinkconsumptionwasalsofoundconnectedwithheadaches,stomachachesandespeciallyinsomnia,whichiscommonamongteensandmakesthemextremelysleepyandunabletoconcentrateontheirstudy.One16-year-oldgirlsaidshedidnotmakeahabitofdrinkingtheenergydrinks,butsometimesboughtoneafterschool.“Iknowthey’renotgreatforyou,butsometimesIgettotheendofaschooldayandIamjustverytired,”shesaid,“Yougetupataround7a.m.,sitthroughawholeschooldayandthengohome,onlytostudythroughto11p.m.—ifyoudon’thaveextra-curricularactivities.It’snotsomethingIrecommend,buttheytastegoodandsometimesIfeellikeI’dbenefitfromcaffeine.”Duetothefactthatteenagersincorrectlybelievedenergydrinkswerebeneficialfortheirhealth,theresearcherssuggesteditwasnecessarytoeducatestudentsonthehealthrisks.8.Whatdomanyteenagersthinkaboutenergydrinks?A.Harmful. B.Healthy. C.Expensive. D.Unnecessary.9.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thepopularityofenergydrinks. B.Themarketvalueofenergydrinks.C.Thebadeffectsofenergydrinks. D.Theproductionofenergydrinks.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insomnia”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Sleeplessness. B.Loneliness. C.Carelessness. D.Forgetfulness.11.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.The16-year-oldgirlisaddictedtoenergydrinks.B.Boysaremorelikelytodrinkenergydrinksthangirls.C.About4,000teenagersconsumeenergydrinkseveryday.D.Teenagerslackenougheducationabouttherisksofenergydrinks.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现五分之一的青少年在饮用能量饮料时认为它们有益健康，但是能量饮料存在不良影响，青少年对能量饮料的危害缺乏足够的教育。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Astudyhasfoundthatafifthofteenagersconsumeenergydrinksundertheimpressionthattheyaregoodforhealth.(一项研究发现，五分之一的青少年在饮用能量饮料时认为它们有益健康)”可知，许多青少年认为功能饮料健康。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Separatemarketanalysisshowedteenswhodrinkenergydrinksweremorelikelytoshowanti-socialbehaviour,includingsmoking,alcoholconsumptionandotherthings.(另一项市场分析显示，饮用能量饮料的青少年更有可能出现反社会行为，包括吸烟、饮酒和其他行为。)”以及本段其他内容可知，第5段的主要内容是能量饮料的不良影响。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Energydrinkconsumptionwasalsofoundconnectedwithheadaches,stomachachesandespecially”以及后文“whichiscommonamongteensandmakesthemextremelysleepyandunabletoconcentrateontheirstudy”可知，上文提到了饮用能量饮料会导致头痛、胃痛等身体上的不适，由此可推知insomnia也属于身体上的不适，结合后文insomnia会让他们极度困倦，无法集中精力学习，可推测insomnia意思是“失眠”。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Duetothefactthatteenagersincorrectlybelievedenergydrinkswerebeneficialfortheirhealth,theresearcherssuggesteditwasnecessarytoeducatestudentsonthehealthrisks.(由于青少年错误地认为能量饮料对他们的健康有益，研究人员建议有必要对学生进行健康风险教育)”可推知，青少年对能量饮料的危害缺乏足够的教育。故选D。DPetownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.Althoughpreviousstudieshavealreadysuggestedthisfinding,scientistsfromtheUniversityofCopenhagenwantedtoresearchmoredeeplyintowhetherculturalfactorsaffectedtheresults.TheirfindingsarepublishedinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience.InthesurveyacrossDenmark,AustriaandtheUnitedKingdom,844dogowners,872catownersand401peoplewhoownedbothdogsandcatswereaskedquestionsabouttheirpets.Overall,theparticipantshadhigherattachmentscoresfordogsthanforcats.Ownersweremorelikelytoinsure(给……投保)theirdogsandpaidmoretodogs’treatment.However,theresultsdiffereddramaticallyacrosscountries.Forexample,theUnitedKingdom’sresultswereinfavorofdogs,althoughonlyslightly.Australiahadaveryclearpreferencefordogs.EmotionalattachmenttodogswashighestinDenmark.TheDaneswerealsolesslikelytobuyinsurancefortheircats,comparedwiththeirdogs.“Whilepeoplecaremoreabouttheirdogsthantheircatsinthesecountries,thedegreeofdifferencevariedbetweencountries,”ProfessorPeterSandoeoftheUniversityofCopenhagen,thestudy’sfirstauthor,saidinapressrelease.“Itdoesn’tthereforeseemtobeauniversalphenomenon(现象)thatpeoplecaremuchlessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.”Thedifferencebetweencountriesmaybeduetoculturaldifferencesandattitudestowardpets,thestudysuggested.Thismaybetheresultofthecountry’shistorywithruralanimalsandhowoftentheyinteractedwithpeople.Thesefactorsmayhaveinfluencedsocietalattitudestowardpetsinmoderntimes.“OurstudyonlylooksatthreecountriesinEurope,”professorClarePalmerofTexasA&MUniversity,aco-authorofthepaper,saidinthepressrelease.“Itraisesinterestingquestionsregardingwhatcomparativestudiesofothercountriesmightfind,”shewenton.“Perhapstherearecountrieswherethelevelofcareforandattachmenttocatsis,infact,higherthandogs?”12.What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingparagraph1?A.Tostateawidelyacknowledgedfact.B.Toanalyzethecauseofaphenomenon.C.Tointroducethetopicofanewstudy.D.Tocomparetwodifferentstudies.13.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Byaskingquestions.B.Bydoinganexperiment.C.Bycollectingdataonline.D.Bykeepingtrackofpetowners’dailylife.14.WhatcanweinferfromSandoe’swords?A.Notallthepeopleintheworldpreferdogstocats.B.Peopleinthethreesurveyedcountriespreferdogstocats.C.Thelevelsofcareforcatsarethesameasdogsintheworld.D.Peopleintheworldcarelessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.15.What

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passage?A.Petownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.B.Culturemayinfluencepeople’spreferencetodogs.C.Petownersshouldcareabouttheircatsasmuchastheirdogs.D.PeopleholddifferentattitudestowardpetsinthreeEuropeancountries.【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于宠物主人更爱狗还是更爱猫的研究，研究发现，在丹麦、奥地利和英国，宠物主人更爱狗，但不同国家之间存在差异，这可能是由于文化差异和对宠物的态度造成的。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Petownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.Althoughpreviousstudieshavealreadysuggestedthisfinding,scientistsfromtheUniversityofCopenhagenwantedtoresearchmoredeeplyintowhetherculturalfactorsaffectedtheresults.(宠物主人爱狗胜过爱猫。虽然之前的研究已经提出了这一发现，但哥本哈根大学的科学家们想要更深入地研究文化因素是否会影响结果。)”可知，之前的研究已经表明宠物主人更爱狗，但来自哥本哈根大学的科学家们想更深入地研究文化因素是否会影响结果。结合下文对此进行的研究可推断出，作者写第一段的目的是介绍一项新研究的主题。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InthesurveyacrossDenmark,AustriaandtheUnitedKingdom,844dogowners,872catownersand401peoplewhoownedbothdogsandcatswereaskedquestionsabouttheirpets.(在丹麦、奥地利和英国开展的这项调查中，844名狗主人、872名猫主人和401名既养狗又养猫的人被问及有关他们宠物的问题。)”可知，研究人员通过询问问题来进行他们的研究。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Whilepeoplecaremoreabouttheirdogsthantheircatsinthesecountries,thedegreeofdifferencevariedbetweencountries,”ProfessorPeterSandoeoftheUniversityofCopenhagen,thestudy’sfirstauthor,saidinapressrelease.“Itdoesn’tthereforeseemtobeauniversalphenomenon(现象)thatpeoplecaremuchlessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.”(该研究的第一作者、哥本哈根大学的彼得·桑多教授在一份新闻稿中说：“虽然这些国家的人们更关心他们的狗而不是猫，但不同国家之间的差异程度各不相同。”“因此，人们对猫的关心远不如对狗的关心，这似乎并不是一个普遍现象。”)”可知，并不是世界上所有的人都更喜欢狗而不是猫。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thedifferencebetweencountriesmaybeduetoculturaldifferencesandattitudestowardpets,thestudysuggested.(研究表明，国家之间的差异可能是由于文化差异和对待宠物的态度。)”可知，文化可能会影响人们对狗的偏爱。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoprotecteyesandpreserveyourvisionWewatchoutsaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?____16____Takeabreakfromscreens.TheAAO(美国眼科协会)saysthere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.____17____Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatcomputerscreens.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthrecommendstakingabreakevery20minutestolookatsomethingabout20feetawayfor20seconds.____18____.ResearchshowsthatfoodsrichinvitaminC,vitaminE,zinc,lutein(叶黄素),zeaxanthinandomega-3fattyacidsarelinkedtolowerriskforage-relatedeyediseasesandmaybeevendryeye.Therefore,foodslikefish,strawberries,tomatoes,peanuts,pumpkin,beefandoystersarestronglyrecommended.Stopthosebadhabits.First,giveupsmoking.Smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs;itcanharmeyestoo.Itcausesdryeyes,makesthyroideyediseaseworseandcanharmtheopticnerve.____19____Themoreyourub,themoreitchyyoureyeswillget.Andrubbingcanalsoleadtoinfections.Repairtheair.Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheairandtheeyes.Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancausediscomfort.“Inadditiontousingsomeeyedrops,itisimportanttopurifytheairandmakeitlessdry.”saysDr.Akpek.Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckup.____20____A.Eatforyoureyes.B.Also,trynottorubyoureyes.C.Choosefoodbeneficialtoyourhealth.D.Wearesupposedtoprotectoureyesfromthescreenlight.E.Butstaringatascreencanleaveeyestiredandmayevenblurvision.F.Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.G.Expertstellussomestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth.【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.B20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了保护视力和眼睛的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Wewatchoutsaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?(我们注意盐和脂肪的摄入以保护我们的心脏。我们通过锻炼和补充钙来保护骨骼。但是我们能做些什么来保护我们的眼睛呢？)”设问了如何保护眼睛，结合后文说明了保护视力和眼睛的方法可知，空处应指出有保护眼睛的方法，G选项“专家告诉我们一些人们应该采取的措施来保护他们的视力和眼睛健康”符合语境，承上启下故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“TheAAO(美国眼科协会)saysthere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.(AAO表示，没有科学证据表明电子屏幕发出的光会损害眼睛)”以及后文“Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatcomputerscreens.(使用屏幕时眼睛疲劳的一个原因是人们在盯着电脑屏幕时眨眼的次数更少)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出盯着屏幕会让眼睛疲劳，E选项“但是盯着屏幕会使眼睛疲劳，甚至可能使视力模糊”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据本段内容“ResearchshowsthatfoodsrichinvitaminC,vitaminE,zinc,lutein(叶黄素),zeaxanthinandomega-3fattyacidsarelinkedtolowerriskforage-relatedeyediseasesandmaybeevendryeye.Therefore,foodslikefish,strawberries,tomatoes,peanuts,pumpkin,beefandoystersarestronglyrecommended.(研究表明，富含维生素C、维生素E、锌、叶黄素、玉米黄质和omega-3脂肪酸的食物可以降低患老年性眼病甚至干眼症的风险。因此，强烈建议食用鱼、草莓、西红柿、花生、南瓜、牛肉和牡蛎等食物)”可知，本段的建议是吃对眼睛好好处的食物，A选项“为你的眼睛而吃”符合语境，可以作为主旨句。故选A。【19题详解】根据后文“Themoreyourub,themoreitchyyoureyeswillget.Andrubbingcanalsoleadtoinfections.(揉得越多，眼睛就越痒。揉眼睛也会导致感染)”推知，空处是在建议不要揉眼睛。B选项“还有，尽量不要揉眼睛”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckup.(最后，别忘了去看眼科专家做检查)”可知，上文建议去看眼科做检查，本句位于段末应承接上文指出这样做的原因，F选项“并非所有的眼部问题都很明显，而且及早发现最好治疗”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TinyNewneighborsOnedayin2022,72-year-oldDonPowellwaspulling____21____fromhisoutdoormailboxasusualwhenhenoticedsomething____22____:Atinydollcoupleweresittingonaloveseatinsidethemailbox.Therewasalsoastickynotereading“MaryandShelleydecidedtolivehere.”Don___23___thoughtsomebodymusthaveleftthewoodendollsinsidehismailbox___24___andwouldgetthembacksoon.Themailboxlooksnice,which____25____26incheslong,15incheswideand10incheshigh,withwindowsonthetopandsidestoletthe___26___in.“It’snowonderthedollswanttomoveintoit,”Donsaidhumorously.Butafewdayslater,thesmallcoupledidnot____27____.Instead,theyacquiredatableandapillow.Morethanthat,overthenextseveralmonths.additionalitemsmysteriously___28___:abed,apaintingandawood-burningstove.AndatChristmastime,asmalldecorated____29____wasleftwithtinypresents.Now,MaryandShelleyarestilllivinginthe____30____,bringingalittlecommunityhumortotheneighborswhohavefollowedDon’s____31____onOrchardLakeVillage’sNextdoorpage.“SomepeoplethoughtIhad____32____thedollsmyself,butallIdidwasprovideamailbox.Somebodyelsedecidedtomakeita____33____forMaryandShelley,”DonwroteonNextdoor.Donsayshenowdoesn’twanttoknowwhois____34____forthemailboxmysteryandhe’sjusthopingitwill___35___.21.A.emails B.envelopes C.food D.dolls22.A.unusual B.horrible C.meaningful D.normal23.A.finally B.fortunately C.honestly D.originally24.A.inadvance B.witheffort C.bymistake D.bydesign25.A.measures B.equals C.builds D.fits26.A.wind B.sand C.light D.rain27.A.melt B.upgrade C.disappear D.respond28.A.showedoff B.showedthrough C.showedaround D.showedup29.A.tree B.basket C.book D.flower30.A.mailbox B.village C.house D.neighborhood31.A.styles B.updates C.advice D.targets32.A.created. B.hung C.placed D.deserted33.A.building B.nest C.settlement D.home34.A.charged B.responsible C.fit D.eager35.A.end B.repeat C.continue D.suffer【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.C27.C28.D29.A30.A31.B32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了安德鲁在自己的邮筒里发现了一个小娃娃夫妇，并且陪伴他们的物品逐渐增加。邻居们对此很感兴趣，希望了解这个谜题的背后故事。安德鲁不想揭开谜底，他希望这个谜题可以继续下去。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年的一天，72岁的唐·鲍威尔像往常一样从他的户外信箱里取出信封，这时他注意到一些不寻常的东西：信箱里有一对小玩偶夫妇坐在双人座椅上。A.emails邮件；B.envelopes信封；C.food食物；D.dolls玩偶。根据后文“fromhisoutdoormailbox”指从他的户外信箱里取出信封，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2022年的一天，72岁的唐·鲍威尔像往常一样从他的户外信箱里取出信封，这时他注意到一些不寻常的东西：信箱里有一对小玩偶夫妇坐在双人座椅上。A.unusual不寻常的；B.horrible可怕的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.normal正常的。根据后文“Atinydollcoupleweresittingonaloveseatinsidethemailbox.”可知，信箱里有玩偶，是不寻常的东西。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：唐原本以为一定是有人把那些木制娃娃错放在他的邮箱里了，很快就会拿回来的。A.finally最后；B.fortunately幸运地；C.honestly诚实地；D.originally起初。根据后文“thoughtsomebodymusthaveleftthewoodendollsinsidehismailbox”可知，认为娃娃放错了是他最初的想法。故选D。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：唐原本以为一定是有人把那些木制娃娃错放在他的邮箱里了，很快就会拿回来的。A.inadvance提前；B.witheffort费力地；C.bymistake错误地；D.bydesign故意地。根据后文“andwouldgetthembacksoon”可知，他以为是人放错了，很快会回来拿。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个邮筒看起来很漂亮，长26英寸，宽15英寸，高10英寸，顶部和侧面都有窗户，可以让光线进来。A.measures测量；B.equals等于；C.builds建造；D.fits合适。根据后文“26incheslong,15incheswideand10incheshigh”可知，此处指邮筒测量的尺寸。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个邮筒看起来很漂亮，长26英寸，宽15英寸，高10英寸，顶部和侧面都有窗户，可以让光线进来。A.wind风；B.sand沙子；C.light灯光；D.rain雨。根据上文“withwindowsonthetopandsidestoletthe”可知，邮筒有窗户可以让光线进来。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是几天后，这对小夫妇并没有消失。A.melt融化；B.upgrade升级；C.disappear消失；D.respond回答。根据后文“Instead,theyacquiredatableandapillow.(相反，他们买了一张桌子和一个枕头)”可知，这对小夫妇并没有消失。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不仅如此，在接下来的几个月里，又有一些神秘的东西出现了：一张床、一幅画和一个烧木头的炉子。A.showedoff炫耀；B.showedthrough透过；C.showedaround带领……参观；D.showedup出现。根据后文“abed,apaintingandawood-burningstove”可知，又出现了其他东西，故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在圣诞节的时候，一棵装饰过的小树被留下了小礼物。A.tree树木；B.basket篮子；C.book书籍；D.flower花。根据上文“AndatChristmastime,asmalldecorated”可知，圣诞节最有可能出现的是圣诞树，故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，玛丽和雪莱仍然住在这个邮箱里，给那些在果园湖村的Nextdoor页面上关注唐更新的邻居们带来了一点社区幽默。A.mailbox邮箱；B.village村庄；C.house房子；D.neighborhood邻居。根据后文“butallIdidwasprovideamailbox”可知，玛丽和雪莱仍然住在这个邮箱里，故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，玛丽和雪莱仍然住在这个邮箱里，给那些在果园湖村的Nextdoor页面上关注唐更新的邻居们带来了一点社区幽默。A.styles风格；B.updates更新；C.advice建议；D.targets目标。根据后文“onOrchardLakeVillage’sNextdoorpage”指他在网页上的更新给邻居们带来了幽默。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“有些人认为是我自己放的娃娃，但我所做的只是提供了一个邮箱。”A.created创造；B.hung悬挂；C.placed放置；D.deserted抛弃。根据后文“thedollsmyself,butallIdidwasprovideamailbox”可知，有些人认为是安德鲁放进去的娃娃，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“有人决定把它变成玛丽和雪莱的家，”唐在Nextdoor网站上写道。A.building建筑物；B.nest窝；C.settlement解决；D.home家。根据后文“forMaryandShelley”以及上文可知，有人把邮筒装饰成了娃娃的家，故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唐说他现在不想知道谁对邮箱之谜负责，他只是希望它能继续下去。A.charged带电的；B.responsible负责的；C.fit适合的；D.eager渴望的。根据后文“forthemailboxmystery”此处指对邮箱之谜负责，即负责做了这些事情的人，故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：唐说他现在不想知道谁对邮箱之谜负责，他只是希望它能继续下去。A.end结束；B.repeat重复；C.continue继续；D.suffer遭受。根据后文“he’sjusthopingitwill”以及上文安德鲁喜爱这个行为，可推测他希望继续下去。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Doyourememberatimewhenyouhadnoworriesstoppingyoufromgettingagoodnight’srest?___36___(fortunate),yourhappychildhoodisprobablyathingofthepast.Arecentsurvey____37____(find)thatmanypeoplesufferfromsleepproblems.Someareunabletofallasleep,somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight,and____38____simplydonotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight’ssleep____39____(be)pressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepoll