2024-2025学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价一Unit1PeopleofAchievementReadingandThinking含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGE一Unit1ReadingandThinkingⅠ.单词拼法1.Thedigitaleconomyiscrucial(关键的)intoday’sworld.2.Culturalexchangeisvital(极其重要的)forthecountrieslikeChinaandFijitolearnfromeachotherforcommondevelopment.3.Anobjective(客观的)statementisbasedonfactsandobservations.4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluated(评价)intermsofoverallquality.5.Thechildrenfrompoorfamilieswereatadistinct(明显的)disadvantage.6.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtained(获得)newmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.7.Thecandidatewavedhishandstoacknowledge(感谢)thecheersofthecrowd.8.Withherluggageinherhands,thegirlstoodlookingroundinalldirections,butapparently(明显)noonehadcometomeether.9.Hisdiscoveryisoneofthegreatestscientific(科学的)achievementsofthedecade.10.Thisbookteachesyouhowtoanalyse(分析)whatiscausingthestressinyourlife.Ⅱ.选词填空commitoneselfto,bedistinctfrom,beacknowledgedas,insiston,leadto,bychance1.Silkisdistinctfromrayonineveryrespect.

2.HecommittedhimselftostudyEnglish.

3.Hiswordsled/leadtoaheateddiscussionamongthestudents.

4.Sheisacknowledgedasthebesttennisplayerintheworld.

5.Ourbuyersinsistonhighstandardsofworkmanshipandmaterials.

6.Thepairmetoften—atfirstbychancebutlaterbydesign.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Upon/Onreachingthetopofthemountain,Ihadafeelingofprideandasenseofachievement.

一登上山顶,我就有骄傲感和成就感。2.Showinghisteethandmakingaloudnoise,thebearcameoutofthebushes.

熊从灌木丛里出来,露出牙齿,发出一种巨大的声音。3.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.

这本小说我已经读了三遍,它很感人。4.Isuggestbuyingheratoybearforherbirthdaypresent.

我建议给她买一个玩具熊作为生日礼物。5.Weconcluded/madeaconclusionthatphysicalactivityiscontrolledbythebrain,notbytheenvironment.

我们的结论是,身体活动是由大脑限制的,而不是由环境限制。Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·汕头高二检测)Onthe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,ChinesescientistTuYouyou,winnerofthe2015NobelPrizeforthediscoveryofartemisinin,hasbeenawardedChina’sMedaloftheRepublic.Themedalisthecountry’shighesthonourforoutstandingfiguresthathavemadegreatcontributionstotheconstructionandthedevelopmentoftheP.R.C.TuYouyou,bornin1930,hasbecomethefirstChinesewomantowinaNobelPrize,forherworkinhelpingtocreateananti-malariamedicine.The84-year-old’sroutetothehonourhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.InChina,sheisbeingcalledthe“threenos”winner:nomedicaldegree,nodoctorate,andshe’sneverworkedoverseas.In1967,malaria,athendeadlydisease,spreadbymosquitoeswasdecimatingChinesesoldiersfightingAmericansinthejunglesofnorthernVietnam.Asecretresearchunit“Mission523”wasformedtofindacurefortheillness.Twoyearslater,TuYouyouwasinstructedtobecomethenewheadof“Mission523”.“Mission523”readancientbookscarefullyforalongtimetofindhistoricalmethodsoffightingmalaria.Whenshestartedhersearchforananti-malariadrug,morethan240,000compounds(化合物)aroundtheworldhadalreadybeentested,withoutanysuccess.Finally,theteamfoundabriefreferencetoonesubstance,sweetwormwood,whichhadbeenusedtotreatmalariainChinaaround400A.D.Theteamtookoutoneactivecompoundinwormwood,andthentestedit.ButnothingwaseffectiveuntilTuYouyoureturnedtotheoriginalancienttext.Afteranothercarefulreading,shechangedthedrugrecipeonefinaltime,heatingthecompoundwithoutallowingittoreachboilingpoint.Afterthedrugshowedpromisingresultsinmiceandmonkeys,TuYouyouvolunteeredtobethefirsthumanrecipientofthenewdrug.“Inanycase,TuYouyouisconsistentlypraisedforherdriveandpassion”.Oneformercolleague,LiandaLi,saysMsTuis“unsociableandquitestraightforward”,addingthat“ifshedisagreeswithsomething,shewillsayit.”Anothercolleague,FumingLiao,whohasworkedwithTuYouyouformorethan40years,describesherasa“toughandstubbornwoman”.Stubbornenoughtospenddecadespiecingtogetherancienttexts,sheappliesthemtomodernscientificpractices.Theresulthassavedmillionsoflives.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了发觉青蒿素的科学家屠呦呦以及她的事迹。1.AccordingtoParagraph2,wecanlearnthat______.

A.TuisthefirstwomantowinaNobelPrizeB.TuhasamedicaldegreeC.Tu’sroadtosuccessisnottraditionalD.Tudiscoveredacureformalaria【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段中“The84-year-old’sroutetothehonourhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.”可知,这位84岁老者的荣誉之路一点也不传统。故从其次段我们可知,屠呦呦的胜利并不传统。故选C。2.Theunderlinedword“decimating”inParagraph2canbereplacedby______.

A.encouragingB.killingC.annoying D.benefiting【解析】选B。词义揣测题。依据文章其次段中“In1967,malaria,athendeadlydisease”可知,疟疾是一种致命的疾病,依据“Asecretresearchunit’Mission523’wasformedtofindacurefortheillness.”可知,一个隐私的小组被成立来找寻治愈这种疾病的方法。由此可知,这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。故选B。3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Tufirstinventedtheideaofusingsweetwormwoodasacure.B.TuwasinspiredbymedicaltextbookspublishedinnorthernVietnam.C.Thecompoundneedstobeheatedtotheboilingpointtobeeffective.D.Over240,000compoundswereprovedineffectivebeforeTu’ssearch.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段中“Whenshestartedher...success.”可知,当她起先找寻抗疟疾药物时,全世界已经检测过24万多种化合物,但都没有胜利。由此可知,在屠呦呦找寻之前,超过24万种化合物被证明是无效的。故选D。4.TuYouyoucanbebestdescribedasa______person.

A.devotedandstubbornB.straightforwardandmeanC.considerateandtoughD.sociableandgenerous【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据文章最终一段中“Anothercolleague,...’toughandstubbornwoman’.”可知,同事形容屠呦呦是一个固执的人。依据文章倒数其次段中“Afterthedrug...drug.”可知,在这种药物在老鼠和猴子身上显示出有希望的效果后,屠呦呦自愿成为第一个接受这种新药的人。由此可知,屠呦呦是一个有奉献精神的人。故选A。【方法技巧】词义揣测题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。做这类题时,要依据词、词组或句子所在的语境,即上下文来推断其意义。因此娴熟驾驭一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。比如:依据语境,依据同义关系、对比关系、因果关系等,尤其需留意熟词生义。例如本题第2小题的答案是依据因果关系揣测出来的。这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。“疾病致命”是因,士兵“被杀死”是果。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。故选B。B(2024·成都高二检测)Whatarescientists?Theyareoftendescribedasgray-hairedwhite-coateddullscholars.Buttheworldhaschanged.Youngscientistsaremakingtheirvoicesheardandreleasingtheirpowersontheworldstage.ThisisalsotrueinChina.RisingstarsincludenewmaterialsexpertGongYongji,universityprofessorLiuMingzhen,andbiologistWanRuixue.Attheageof28in2024,WanRuixuereceivedthe2024Science&SciLifeLabPrizeforYoungScientists.Thisisaglobalprizetorewardoutstandingscientistsatanearlystageoftheircareers.Shefocusesmainlyonbiomedicine(生物医学)andartificialintelligence(人工智能).“Botharecutting-edge(前沿)technologiesatanearlystageofdevelopment,”shesaid.“So,Ithinktheyhavegreatpotentialtobedeveloped.Ithinkinthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologies,Chinaandotherleadingcountriesintheworldarestandingonthesamestartingline.Andinthestudyofstructuralbiology,Chinaislikelytobecometheleader.”Shefeltitwasherfatetobecomeabiologist.“Igrewinterestedinthenaturalworld,whenIwasveryyoung,”shesaid.In2009,sheenteredSunYat-senUniversity.Inherthirdyearattheuniversity,sherealizedthatshewantedtodosomethingrelatedtobiomedicine.SosheemailedChina’stopbiologistShiYigong,hopingtojoinhislabatTsinghuaUniversity.Shirecognizedhertalentandwelcomedher.Yearsofeffortsatthelabhavepaidoff.Herresearchonthehigh-definition3Dstructureofspliceosomeledtoascientificbreakthrough.Unlikemanyofotheryoungscientistswhochoosetopursuefurtherstudyabroad,Wancurrentlyhasnoplantogooverseas.“ThewholeecosystemforscientificresearchiscontinuallyimprovinginChina,”shesaid,addingthecountryhasgreatsciencefacilities.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声,并释放他们的力气。在中国也一样,越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学探讨,对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学探讨充溢自信。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“releasing”inParagraph2mean?A.Givingout.B.Gettingover.C.Findingout. D.Takingover.【解析】选A。词义揣测题。由其次段“Youngscientistsare...stage.”可知在世界舞台上,年轻的科学家们正在发出他们的声音,释放他们的力气。从句子中可以看到makingtheirvoicesheard和releasingtheirpowers并列,可以依据makingtheirvoicesheard(发出自己的声音)揣测出releasing有“发出,散发”之意,故选A。6.WhatdoesWanRuixuefeelaboutthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologiesinChina?A.Anxious. B.Confident.C.Disappointed. D.Satisfied.【解析】选B。推理推断题。由第五段可知万蕊雪认为在前沿技术探讨方面,中国和世界上的其他主要国家都站在相同的起跑线上。在结构生物学探讨方面,中国可能成为引领者。从这些话可以推断,对中国前沿技术的探讨,万蕊雪充溢信念。故选B。7.WhatcanwelearnaboutWanRuixue’sjourneyofbecomingabiologist?A.Herteacherledherintothefield.B.Shefindsit’seasierthanshethought.C.Hercontributionhasbeenrecognized.D.Shethinksit’sboringbutworthtrying.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由倒数第三段可知施一公认可了她的才能,欢迎她加入。在试验室数年的努力得到了回报。由此可以看出在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中,她的付出得到了认可。故选C。8.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.China’sBreakthroughinScienceB.RisingYoungScientistsinChinaC.WanRuixue:ASuccessfulYoungScientistD.NewImageofChineseScientists【解析】选B。主旨大意题。由其次段可知在世界舞台上,年轻的科学家们正在发出他们的声音,释放他们的力气。由第三段可知在中国也一样。冉冉升起的新星包括……从上述内容可以看出关键词是China,Risingstars和Youngscientists。所以文章标题是中国正在升起的年轻科学家。故选B。【阅读多维训练】1.WhatisWanRuixue’majorresearchfield?Thebiomedicine.

2.WhatdoyouthinkoftheroletherisingyoungChinesescientistsareplayinginChina’sdevelopment?Theyareplayingaleadingrole.

3.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?China’senvironmentofscienceandtechnologyisbecomingbetterandbetter.

Ⅱ.完形填空IstillrememberIwas11yearsoldwhenIaskedmymomforpianolessonsin2010.Wewereinthefalloutoftherecession(经济衰退).Shesaidapolite“no”.Thatdidn’tstopme.Igoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.Iwouldclick1onanonlinekeyboardand“play”thembackonmypaperone—keepingthe2theymadeonthecomputerinmyhead.Ispentsixmonthsplayingwithouttouchingarealpiano.OncemymomsawthatIwas3,sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons.

Istillrememberthefirstone.Iwas4byhowrealthesoundofthepianowas.Isatmygradeoneaftereightlessons.OnceIstartedsecondaryschool,wecouldn’t5lessonsagain.Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmypieceofpaper.

Oneevening,WhenIwasabout13,mymomsaidshehadasurpriseforme;itwasanelectronickeyboard,boughtwithmore6money.ItwasthefirsttimeI’dplayedforher.Shewasinshock.

Myschooldidn’toffermusicA-level.IfoundthePurcellSchoolforyoungmusicians.Thetryouts(选拔)were7.Someofthequestions8anestimation(评价)ofthecomposerorwhenitwaswritten.Ifeltoverwhelmed(不知所措).Tomy9,Iwasofferedaplace.

AtPurcell,IspenttwoyearsworkingashardasIcould.Iperformedto10moneyandsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.

WhenIleftPurcell,Iwas11theseniorpianoprizeandsenioracademicmusicprize.IamnowattheGuildhallSchoolinLondon.Ifeel12;it’sbeen10yearssinceIdrewmypaperpiano,andI’matoneoftheworld’s13musicschools.TheironyisthatIcontinuetodoalotofmypracticeawayfromthepiano:Whatwecall14practice.Thepaperpianohelpedsparkmy15abouthowmusicworks,thebuildingblocksthatformthepieces.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者痴迷于弹钢琴,从弹自己制作的纸钢琴起先,作者经过刻苦的练习,一步一步地实现了自己的钢琴梦,取得了瞩目的成就。1.A.notesB.linesC.musicD.pictures【解析】选A。句意:我会点击网上键盘上的音符,然后在我的纸质键盘上“弹”它们——让它们在电脑上发出的声音留在我的脑海里。依据上文作者喜爱弹钢琴,但没钱,作者就在网上查到钢琴尺寸,用纸画了一张钢琴键盘。当然作者应当是点击钢琴上的音符。2.A.shape B.gesture C.move D.sound【解析】选D。句意:我会点击在线键盘上的音符,然后在我的纸质键盘上“弹”它们——让它们在电脑上发出的声音留在我的脑海里。上文说我会点击在线键盘上的音符,所以这里意思是然后在我的纸质键盘上“弹”它们——让它们在电脑上发出的声音留在我的脑海里。故选D。3.A.careless B.serious C.modest D.kind【解析】选B。句意:当我妈妈看到我是仔细的时,她借钱给我买了10节课。上文说我在纸质钢琴上刻苦练习,所以妈妈看到我是仔细的(serious)。故选B。4.A.beaten B.struckC.amused D.entertained【解析】选B。句意:我被钢琴真实的声音打动。我从来没有接触过真正的钢琴,所以当我第一次弹钢琴时,我被钢琴真实的声音打动(struck)。故选B。5.A.receive B.accept C.afford D.teach【解析】选C。句意:当我起先上中学时,我们再也负担不起上课的费用了。依据“Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmypieceofpaper.”可知我们再也负担不起上课的费用了。故选C。6.A.paid B.used C.chosen D.borrowed【解析】选D。句意:它是一个电子键盘,是用更多借来的钱买的。依据“Wewereinthefalloutoftherecession.”和“sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons”可知我们家的经济条件很不好,所以电子键盘也是用借来的钱买来的。故选D。7.A.easy B.difficultC.wonderful D.ugly【解析】选B。句意:选拔很难。依据“Ifeltoverwhelmed.”可知选拔很难。故选B。8.A.involved B.remindedC.collected D.kicked【解析】选A。句意:有些问题包括对作曲家的评价,或它是什么时候写的。依据“...anestimationofthecomposerorwhenitwaswritten.”可知这里意思是一些问题包括(involved)这些内容。故选A。9.A.regret B.sorrowC.amazement D.sadness【解析】选C。句意:令我惊异的是,他们给了我一个名额。选拔很难,但是我却获得了一个名额,这令我很惊讶。故选C。10.A.raise B.give C.donate D.deliver【解析】选A。句意:我通过表演来筹集资金,攒够了钱买了我的第一架钢琴。依据“...andsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.”可知我在筹集钱买钢琴。故选A。11.A.lent B.rewardedC.awarded D.achieved【解析】选C。句意:离开普赛尔后,我被授予了高级钢琴奖和高级学术音乐奖。依据“...theseniorpianoprizeandsenioracademicmusicprize.”可知我被授予了(awarded)这些奖项。故选C。12.A.relaxed B.excitedC.merciful D.proud【解析】选D。句意:我感到骄傲。依据“...andI’matoneoftheworld’s______musicschools.”可知我为自己感到傲慢。故选D。

13.A.conducting B.performingC.leading D.multiplying【解析】选C。句意:从我画纸钢琴起先,已经有十年了,而我现在在一所世界顶尖的音乐学校里学习。依据“IamnowattheGuildhallSchoolinLondon.”可知我现在在一所世界顶尖的音乐学校里学习。故选C。14.A.physical B.mentalC.social D.practical【解析】选B。句意:就是我们所说的精神的(mental)练习。我在纸钢琴上练习,这属于精神的练习。故选B。15.A.enthusiasm B.self-respectC.confidence D.self-control【解析】选A。句意:纸钢琴帮助激发了我对音乐创作以及乐曲构成的热忱。依据“...abouthowmusicworks,thebuildingblocksthatformthepieces.”并结合上文内容,可知是纸钢琴激发了我对音乐的热忱(enthusiasm)。故选A。阅读填句Theimportanceofself-improvementoftengoesunnoticed.Truthis—youcan’trunawayfromyourself.Theideashouldbetofocusoncontinuousself-developmentateverystageoflife.1.

Increaseself-awarenessThefirststepofself-improvementasksyoutobecomemoreself-aware.Self-awarenessisanongoingjourney.Aslifegoeson,youmeetwithdifferentexperiencesandchallenges.2.Tobeonthepathofself-improvement,it’simportanttoneverlosetouchwithyourself.

ImprovestrengthsSelf-improvementletsyouidentifyyourpersonalstrengths.3.Itgivesyouabetterunderstandingofwhatyouareseekingandwhereyouarelikelytothrive(旺盛兴盛).Ithelpsyousetlifegoalsandmakethemhappen.