2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元要点复习课时作业含解析新人教版必修3

Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课时作业16单元要点复习Ⅰ.学问清单1．与time有关的短语(1)intime刚好；最终；迟早(2)intimeforsth./todosth.来得及(做)……；刚好(做)……(3)innotime马上，马上(4)atatime依次；逐一；每次(5)atnotime在任何时候都不；决不(置于句首时，主句运用部分倒装)(6)atonetime曾经，一度(7)attimes有时，间或(8)ontime按时，准时2．harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的；不致损害的harmn.&v.损害；危害(1)beharmfulto对……有害(2)dosb.harm/doharmtosb.对某人有害(3)Thereisnoharm(in)_doingsth.做某事无害处3．existvi.存在；生存existencen.存在；生存(1)existon靠……生活/生存(2)existin存在于……中(3)Thereexist(s)/existed...某地有……；存在……(4)comeintoexistence(＝begintoexist)产生；成立(5)inexistence现存的，存在的4．与birth有关的短语(1)givebirthto产生；分娩；引发；造成(2)bybirth血统上；生来，天生地(3)atbirth诞生时5．与turn有关的短语(1)inone'sturn接着；轮到某人(2)inturn依次，轮番；反过来(3)byturns轮番；交替地(4)taketurnstodosth.轮番做某事(5)It'sone'sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事6．prevent...from...prevent...(from)_doingsth.阻挡……做某事与这种结构相像的有stopsb./sth.(from)doingsth.；keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.(from不行以省略)。留意：在被动语态中，这三个短语中的from都不能省略。7．dependon/upon依靠；依靠；取决于(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dependon/uponsb.todosth.,dependon/uponone'sdoingsth.))依靠某人做某事(2)dependon/uponitthat...信任/希望……(3)That/It(all)depends.依状况而定。8．puzzlen.谜；难题；vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)犯难puzzledadj.迷惑不解的；困惑的puzzlingadj.令人费解的puzzleabout/over苦苦思索；细致琢磨9．it作形式宾语的句型(1)madeitpossibleforlifetodevelop属于“make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾补)＋todo/that从句”结构。该结构中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式或_that_从句。(2)在“make＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以是不带_to_的不定式、过去分词或形容词。留意：当“make＋宾语＋dosth.”变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要加上。10．与pull有关的短语(1)pulldown拆毁(2)pullin(火车等)到站，进站；驶向路边(或某处)停靠(3)pullthrough康复，痊愈；渡过难关(4)pullup停车，停止11．cheer(sb./sth.)up(使)感到兴奋；(使)感到激昂cheerv.&n.欢呼，喝彩，加油cheerfuladj.兴奋的；兴致勃勃的(1)cheersb.on为某人加油(2)Cheers!干杯！12．与break有关的短语(1)breakout(斗争、火灾等)突发；爆发(2)breakawayfrom脱离；逃脱(3)breakdown出故障，坏掉；失败；(健康等)垮掉(4)breakin插话；破门而入(5)breakinto破门而入(6)breakup粉碎；解散；分手13．与watch有关的短语(1)watchout(for)亲密留意；当心；提防(2)watchover照看；看管(3)keepawatchon守望；凝视14．as...as...结构(1)as＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as...像……一样的……(2)as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...像……一样……eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(asmuch＋不行数名词＋as...,asmany＋可数名词复数＋as...))和……一样多15．倍数的表达方法(1)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as...(2)倍数＋比较级＋than...(3)倍数＋thesize(height/length/width...)＋of...(4)倍数＋what从句16．nowthat...(1)nowthat既然，由于，引导缘由状语从句，在口语中可以省略that。与nowthat意思相近的有seeingthat,since等。(2)就像although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用一样，当nowthat引导的从句表示缘由时，主句前不能加so。留意：引导缘由状语的介词短语有dueto,thanksto,becauseof,asaresultof,owingto,onaccountof等。Ⅱ.语境运用ExploreMKⅡMKⅡ，aplanetbillionsofkilometersaway,is__1__originoflifeinmanyreligions.Physicists__2__(prove)thetheorythatitsgentleclimateandthepullofitsgravityaresimilartotheearth's.Andastronomershavefoundthatoxygenatomsandcarbondioxide,__3__arefundamentaltolife,existinitsatmospherethroughsatellites.__4__(cheer)upbythisnews,biologists,intheirturn,begantodosomeresearchtoremovepeople'spuzzles.Nowthattherearesome__5__(suit)conditions,doeslifereallyexistonthisglobe？Dotheymultiplybylayingeggs__6__givingbirthtobabies?Lastmonth,aspaceshipwassentthere.It'sapity__7__thismissionfailed.Unliketheearth,MKⅡisamuch__8__(young)planet.Thus,massesofharmfulacidcloudsfloateverywherecausingviolentchain__9__(react)tobreakout.Thesecloudsnotonlyblockedoutthepilots'sight__10__alsodamagedtheenginesystem.Luckily,thepilotswatchedoutcarefullyandpreventedthespaceshipfromcrashingintime.1．the2.have_proved3.which4.Cheered5.suitable6．or7.that8.younger9.reactions10.but读后续写阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Alongtimeago,peoplelivedhappilyundertheruleofaking.Thepeopleofthekingdomwereveryhappyastheyledaveryprosperouslifewithanabundanceofwealthandnomisfortunes.Once,thekingdecidedtogovisitingplacesofhistoricalimportanceandpilgrimcentresatdistantplaces.Hedecidedtotravelonfoottointeractwithhispeople.Peopleofdistantplaceswereveryhappytohavea_conversationwiththeirking.Theywereproudthattheirkinghadakindheart.Afterseveralweeksoftravel,thekingreturnedtothepalace.Hewasquitehappythathehadvisitedmanypilgrimcentresandwitnessedhispeopleleadingaprosperouslife.However,hehadoneregret.Hehadintolerable(无法忍受的)paininhisfeetasitwashisfirsttriponfootcoveringalongdistance.Hecomplainedtohisministersthattheroadsweren'tcomfortableandthattheywereverystony.Hecouldnottoleratethepain.Hesaidthathewasverymuchworriedaboutthepeoplewhohadtowalkalongthoseroadsasitwouldbepainfulforthemtoo!Consideringallthis,heorderedhisservantstocovertheroadsinthewholecountrywithleathersothatthepeopleofhiskingdomcouldwalkcomfortably.Theking'sministersweresurprisedtohearhisorderasitwouldmeanthatthousandsofcowswouldhavetobekilledinordertogetasufficientquantityofleather.Anditwouldalsocostahugeamountofmoney.留意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．至少运用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所运用的关键词语。答案Paragraph1：Finally,awisemanfromtheministrycametothekingandsaidthathehadanotheridea.Thekingaskedwhattheideawas.Theministersaid,“Insteadofcoveringtheroadswithleather,whydon'tyoujusthaveapieceofleathercutinan