2025届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧09语篇来源的信息确定含解析

典型技巧09语篇来源的信息确定【考情角度】考情分析科技发展类说明文一般在首段给出说明对象，然后从几个方面进行客观说明，行文结构简洁，阅读全文后，解题时应带着题干关键词跳读原文比对得出答案。考查角度常见设题：文章出处题，细微环节理解题，细微环节推断题等。【真题再现】(2024·全国卷Ⅰ·C)主题语境：科学与技术Asdataandidentityeq\a\vs4\al(theft)becomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprinteq\a\vs4\al(scans)—tokeepothersoutofprivatee­spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow­costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardeq\a\vs4\al(precisely)measuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyeq\a\vs4\al(extension)，whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettyeq\a\vs4\al(straightforward)toeq\a\vs4\al(commercialize)andismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic­likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.1.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe­spaceprotection.2.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.3.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It'llbeenvironment­friendly. B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastics. D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.答案1.D2.C3.B4.D【技巧释义】依据文章主要内容和关键信息推断出处1.读首段抓说明对象提出现状，说明生物测量技术造价昂扬。2.引入新科技产品其次段第一处波浪线处，特别符号说明解决问题的设备：智能键盘(可解第1题)其次段其次处波浪线以及第三段波浪线处，说明智能键盘发展的可能性(可解第2题)第四段波浪线处，关键信息makeittomarket说明产品前景(可解第3题)3.微技能——双向线索定“出处”eq\a\vs4\al(据文章主要内容)：①介绍产品性能→广告；介绍某人生平事迹→传记②浅显的科学学问→教材或杂志③新型交通工具→报纸科技板块④名胜或景点→旅游杂志eq\a\vs4\al(据关键信息)：①含网址或click等网络词汇：网站②含experiment,research等→科学报告③含admission,routes等→旅行指南④含food,health等词→健康杂志/报纸健康版块4.结合文章内容及关键信息technologies,Researchers,device可知，文章介绍的是一款新的科技产品，属于科技类说明文，再结合选项可推断出第4小题的答案。【词汇积累】scann.扫描；vt.扫描；阅读straightforwardadj.简洁的theftn.盗窃；偷窃preciselyadv.精准地；精确地extensionn.扩建；延期commercializevt.使商业化byextension自然地；当然地speedup加速【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）BuytheGNNpaperbackbookdirectlyfromGoodNewsNetworkifyou’reintheU.S.A.—andyouwillsave$2.00comparedtotheAmazonpriceduringourHolidaySale—plusgetFREEshipping!Here’sagreatgiftforallthenewsjunkies(上瘾的人)inyourlife:Ourbook...AndNow,TheGoodNews,shinesaspotlightontheextraordinaryandeverydayheroesandsolutionstomakeyoufeeloptimisticandhopefulaboutourworld—andmakesaGREATgift!Insteadofcomplainingaboutthenews,TRYthisbooktogetadoseofGOODNews(forachange)...*Asmallpaperbackwith28stories,greatforreadingonanairplaneordailycommute.*Perfectforofficewaitingrooms,orthank-yougifts.Thiscollectionofunique,inspiringstoriescelebrates20yearsofGoodNewsNetwork—thewebsitethatfeaturesall-positivenewsfromaroundtheworldatGNN.org.Createdin1997byformerWashington,DCtelevisionnewseditorGeriWeis-Corley,theseareamongherfavoriteGNNstoriesfromtwodecades.FORUSARESIDENTSONLY!!ShippingdirectlyfromGoodNewsNetwork,here.LiveOutsidetheU.S.orWantAmazonPrime?YoucanpurchasenowonAmazonPrime—whichrequires1-2daystoprint,andthenadditionaltoship.IfyouareoutsidetheU.S.,orderherefromAmazon:UnitedKingdom—Canada—Germany—Spain—Italy—Australia1.Whyisthebookconsideredagreatgiftforallthe“newsjunkies”?A.ItcanbeboughtdirectlyfromGoodNewsNetwork.B.Buyerscansave$2.00comparedtotheAmazonprice.C.Itcanhelpreadersfindthepowerofpositivethinking.D.BuyersoutsidetheUSAcanalsogetfreeshipping.2.WhydidGeriWeis-Corleycollecttheseinspiringstories?A.Shelikesreadingbooksonanairplane.B.Sheoftensendsthank-yougiftstofriends.C.Shehopestogaininternationalpopularity.D.Shewantstocelebrate20yearsofGoodNewsNetwork.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abrochure. B.Awebsite. C.Newspaper. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【分析】本文是应用文。介绍了GoodNewsNetwork网站为读者举荐的一本廉价平装书。1.细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Ourbook...AndNow,TheGoodNews,shinesaspotlightontheextraordinaryandeverydayheroesandsolutionstomakeyoufeeloptimisticandhopefulaboutourworld—andmakesaGREATgift!”可知，《好消息》这本书会让读者对生活感到乐观和充溢希望。即它能帮助读者发觉主动思索的力气，因此这本书对于全部“新闻迷”来说是个好礼物。故选C。2.细微环节理解题。依据第六段“Thiscollectionofunique,inspiringstoriescelebrates20yearsofGoodNewsNetwork—thewebsitethatfeaturesall-positivenewsfromaroundtheworldatGNN.org.”可知，GeriWeisCorley创办的网站发布了来自世界各地的全部主动消息。这些独特而鼓舞人心的故事是为了庆祝GoodNewsNetwork网站创办20年。因此GeriWeis-Corley收集这些鼓舞人心的故事是想庆祝网站成立20年。故选D。3.推理推断题。依据最终一段“YoucanpurchasenowonAmazonPrime—whichrequires1-2daystoprint,andthenadditionaltoship.IfyouareoutsidetheU.S.,orderherefromAmazon:UnitedKingdom—Canada—Germany—Spain—Italy—Australia（现在可以在AmazonPrime上购买——须要1-2天印刷，然后发货。假如您不在美国，请从亚马逊订购：UnitedKingdom—Canada—Germany—Spain—Italy—Australia）可知，本文最可能来自网络。故选B。2Whatdoyouusuallydotocomfortyourfriendswhentheyarefeelingsadordepressed?Youprobablypatthemonthebackorshoulder,ormaybeyougivethemabig,warmhug.Weusedtothinkthatknowingwhenandhowtocomfortotherswasanabilitythatonlyhumanshave.Butscientistshavediscoveredthatapes（猩猩）havethisability,too.TworesearchersfromEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,US,wenttoanApeProtectionCentreinCongotostudybonobos（倭黑猩猩）,whicharecloselyrelatedtohumans.Theresearchersanalyzedthebonobos'reactionsaftermorethan370casesofstressfulsituations,suchasfightsandlosingtemper,andfoundthatsomebonobosrushedtohugthosethatwerescreamingafterbeingattacked,justlikehumanswouldhavedone.However,researcherssaidthatnotallbonoboswereabletocomfortothers.Intheprotectioncentre,manybonobosareorphans（孤儿）whosemotherswerekilledbyhunters.Theywerefoundtobemoreanxiousintimesoftensionandhavegreaterdifficultycontrollingtheirownemotions,maltingthemworseatreachingouttohelpfriendsinneed."Orphans,whohavenothadthebenefitofamotherhelpingthemhandlingtheiremotions,aremuchworsealcomfortingothers,”ProfessorFransdeWaal,oneoftheresearchers,toldTheTelegraph."Bonoboswithmomswereabletocurbtheirnegativeemotionalreactionsmorequickly.Therefore,theypaymoreattentiontoothers.”Thispatternmirrorsthewaythathumanchildrenhavebeenfoundtoreact.Thosewhoseemmorecapableofhandlingtheirownemotions—forexample,theoneswhocancalmthemselvesdownmorequicklyafterupsettingexperiences—areusuallybetteratexpressingtheirconcernsforothers.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Orphanbonobosnevergiveahandtofriends.B.Therewere370bonobosinvolvedintheresearch.C.Momsplayasignificantroleinhandlingkids'emotions.D.Theabilitytocomfortothersisuniquetohumanbeings.5.Theunderlinedword“curb"inthe5thparagraphprobablymeansA.express B.observe C.hide D.control6.Whereareyoumostlikelytofindthepassage?A.Asciencejournal B.AtravelleafletC.Aliteraturereview D.Asciencefiction7.What'sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TouncoverthemysteryofApes.B.Toinformreadersofanewstudy.C.ToprovidebetterprotectionforApes.D.TocomparehumanbehaviorswithApes.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项对于倭黑猩猩的探讨成果表明：母亲在处理孩子的心情方面扮演着重要的角色。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段“Bonoboswithmomswereabletocurbtheirnegativeemotionalreactionsmorequickly.”（有妈妈的倭黑猩猩能够更快地抑制自己的负面心情反应。）及“Thispatternmirrorsthewaythathumanchildrenhavebeenfoundtoreact.”（这种模式反映了人类儿童的反应方式。）可知，母亲在处理孩子的心情方面扮演着重要的角色。故选C项。2.词句揣测题。依据文章最终一段“Therefore,theypaymoreattentiontoothers.”（因此，它们会更加关注别人。）及划线句推想，有妈妈的倭黑猩猩能够更快地抑制自己的负面心情反应，即，限制自己的负面心情，因此才能更关注别人。“curb"意思是限制。故选D项。3.推理推断题。依据文章其次段“Butscientistshavediscoveredthatapeshavethisability,too.TworesearchersfromEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,US,wenttoanApeProtectionCentreinCongotostudybonobos,whicharecloselyrelatedtohumans.”（但是科学家们发觉猿类也有这种实力。来自美国亚特兰大埃默里高校的两名探讨人员前往刚果猿爱护中心对与人类关系亲密的倭黑猩猩进行探讨。）及全文内容推想，本文为一篇科普说明文，因此，最可能在一本科学杂志上找到本文。故选A项。4.推理推断题。依据文章其次段“TworesearchersfromEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,US,wenttoanApeProtectionCentreinCongotostudybonobos,whicharecloselyrelatedtohumans.”（来自美国亚特兰大埃默里高校的两名探讨人员前往刚果猿爱护中心对与人类关系亲密的倭黑猩猩进行探讨。）可知，文章旨在告知读者一个新的关于猿类行为的探讨。故选B项。3Howdoyouaddress（称呼）peopleinEnglishwhenyouwanttotalktothem?Thefollowingmaybesomesimplerulesthebeginnersshouldfollow.*WhentalkingtostrangersthereisoftennospecialformsofaddressinEnglish.Usually,Ifyouwanttocatchtheattentionofạstrange,itisnecessarytousesuchaphrasesas"Excuseme".*InBritishEnglish"Sir"and"Madam"areconsideredtobetooformal（正式）formostsituations.Theyareusedmostlytocustomersinshopsorrestaurants.WhileinAmericanEnglish"Sir"and"Madam"arenotsoformalandarecommonlyusedbetweenstrangers,especiallywitholderpeoplewhosenamesyoudon'tknow.*Whenyou,talktosomepeopleyouknow,youcanusetheirnames.Ifyouarefriends,usetheirfirstnames;ifyourrelationshipismoreformal,use"Mr.""Mrs.""Ms.",ect,beforetheirfamilynames.*Therearemanyotherformsofaddresswhichcanbeusedbetweenfriendsandstrangers.However,manyofthesearelimitedinuse.Forexample,"pal"and"mate"canbeusedbetweenstrangers,butareusuallyonlyusedbymentalkingtoothermen.8.Accordingtothepassage,"Excuseme"ismainlyusedto_______A.catchtheattentionofastranger. B.apologizetoothersC.addressapersonyoudon'tknow D.suggestgoodmanners9.IfJohnSmithisyourbestfriend,accordingtothepassageyoushouldoftencallhim_______.A.Mr.John B.Smith C.John D.Mr.Smith10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A."Sir"and"Madam"areusedmoreofteninAmericathaninEngland.B.Whileaddressingfriend,peoplejustusetheirfirstnames.C."Pal"and"mate"areusuallyonlyusebetweenmen.D.Peopleoftenuse"Mr.""Mrs."or"Ms."Beforethefirstnamesofthosepeoplewhotheydon'tknowverywell.11.ThepassageismainlylikelytakenfromanEnglish_______.A.card B.textbook C.storybook D.grammarbook.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何运用英语来称呼别人的一些规则。8.细微环节理解题。依据其次段的“Usually,Ifyouwanttocatchtheattentionofạstrange,itisnecessarytousesuchaphrasesas"Excuseme".(通常，假如你想引起一个生疏人的留意，运用这样的短语是必要的，如“打搅了”。)”可知假如你想引起他人留意，你可以运用“Excuseme”。故A正确。9.细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Ifyouarefriends,usetheirfirstnames(假如你们是挚友，干脆称呼他们的名字)可知JohnSmith是你的好挚友，你干脆称呼John就可以了。故C正确。10.细微环节理解题。依据第四段的“ifyourrelationshipismoreformal,use“Mr.”,“Mrs.”“Ms.”,etc,beforetheirfamilynames(假如你的关系更正式，在他们的姓氏之前运用“先生”、“夫人”、“女士”等)”可知假如不太熟识的人，要在姓前运用“Mr.”,“Mrs.”“Ms.”，而是不名前，因此D项不正确。故D正确。11.推理推断题。依据第一段内容“Howdoyouaddress（称呼）peopleinEnglishwhenyouwanttotalktothem?Thefollowingmaybesomesimplerulesthebeginnersshouldfollow.”可知，文章介绍了如何运用英语来称呼别人的一些规则。依据常识可知，card,storybook,grammarbook一般不会有这样的文章，只有教科书中才可能有这样的文章，故B正确。4Slowlybutsurely,we’removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.Fromsmart-homesecurity(平安)toself-drivingcars,alltheinternet-connecteddevicesinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightning-fastspeeds.Objectivelyspeaking,thefastest4GdownloadspeedsintheUStopoutatanaverageof10.42Mbps.Butbycomparison,5Gpromisesgigabit(千兆)speeds.“5Gisoneofthosesigns,alongwithartificialintelligence(人工智能)，ofthiscomingdataage,”saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.Theself-drivingvehicle(车辆)isagreatemblemofthisdataage,andthatistosay,itisasignoftime,becausewithonesingletask,driving,youhavealargenumberofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensors(传感器)arecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It’spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutroadconditionsdownthelane(车道).Itcouldbeweatherinformation,butalsoconnectedinfrastructure(基础设施)construction.Thereislotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedhighspeeds.Augmentedrealityglassesandvirtualheadsethaven’tyetbrokenthemainstream,buttechcompaniesarejoyfullybetting(打赌)thatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.Thisisnotable(显著的)becausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist--orperhapsevenreplace--smartphones.EricssonstatedatFebruary'sMobileWorldCongresshowsmartglassescouldbecomefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithcomponents(部件),theglassescouldrelyonhardwareforprocessing(处理)power.Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstruction,so5Gisn’tconcentrated(集中)onlyinbigcities.12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinParagraph1?A.Thelightning-fastspeedsof5G. B.Theexpectationof5Gworld.C.Thedifferencebetween4Gand5G. D.Theinternet-connecteddevicesinourlife.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emblem”inParagraph2mean?A.Exhibition. B.Success. C.Symbol. D.Explanation.14.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?A.Howtofullyexpand5Gcoverage(覆盖范围). B.Smartglasseswillbecomefasterandlighter.C.Why5Gisn'tconcentratedinbigcities. D.Theimportanceofinfrastructureconstru