考向4人与社会之艺术-2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破（练习版）

专题三：人与社会备战2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破考向4人与社会之艺术Passage1（2021·山东滨州·中考真题）ChineseOperaCartoonFestivalKicksoffThursday//Chinadaily..cn20210202AnartfestivalthatcallsattentiontoChineseoperacartoonswillkickoffinBeijingonThursday,Feb4andrununtilFeb26.ThefestivalispreparedbytheChaoyangCulturalCenterandtheCultureandTravelOfficeofChaoyang,Beijing.ThestaffmembersarehopingthefestivalwillgetmoreforeignersandyoungpeopletolearnmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture.ClassicalChineseoperas,chosenfrom360kindsofoperasinChina,aremadeintocartoons,andwillbeshowntothepublic.Thecartooncharacterslooklivelyandcute,whichcanquicklybelovedbythepublic.Activitieswillalsobeheldduringthefestival,suchasshowingtheprimarypostersandwritings,andoperacostumes.Sincethefestivalismainlyheldonline,peoplecantakepartintheactivitiesbywatchingvideosononlineshortvideoplatforms(平台)likeDouyinandHuoshanVideo,knownasTikTokandVigoVideooutsideChina.Peoplecanalsoenjoya360degreewideviewoftheactivitiesonline.Byclickingamouseofaputerorusingamobilephone,peoplecanchoosewherevertheyliketoviewtheactivitiesathome.1．Theartfestivalwilllast(持续)for______.A．11days B．23days C．26days D．28days2．Peoplecanenjoy______duringthefestival.A．someChineseoperasplayedbyrealpeople B．allclassicalChineseoperasC．someChineseoperasmadeintocartoons D．360kindsofChineseoperas3．WhichofthefollowingonlineshortvideoplatformsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Douyin. B．HuoshanVideo. C．TikTok. D．TencentVi.4．Peoplecanwatchthefestivalathomebecauseitis______.A．mainlyheldonline B．shownonTV C．showntothepublic D．heldforfree5．Thispassageismostprobablyfrom______.A．abook B．awebsite C．amagazine D．atouristguidePassage2（2021·湖南永州·中考真题）Whatdoyoudowithyourrubbish?Throwitout?Youdon’tknowwhatyou’remissing!Lookcloselyatthetwofiguresonyourleft.Theyweremadefromthingsmostpeoplethrowaway.Thefiguresweremadefromusedbottlecaps.Thosetwobottlecapfigureswereexhibited(展示)inamuseum.Folkartisartmadebymonpeoplewhohavenotbeentrainedasartists.Theirworkisoftenbasedontraditionsintheirculture.Fineart,ontheotherhand,isusuallymadebypeoplewhohavehadtraininginart.Worksoffineartarevaluedfortheirartisticbeauty.Theyaresupposedtobelookedatbutnotused.Worksoffolkart,however,areoftenmadeforeverydayuse.Thereweremorethan800piecesoffolkartfromnearly50countriesintheexhibition.Allofthepiecesweremadefromusedmetal,wood,cloth,andplastic.Theartistsefrommanydifferentcultures.Still,theyallshareonething.Theytakeobjectsthatarenormallythrownawayandchangethemintoobjectsthatarebeautiful,useful,andfun.Theartistsmaynotthinkofwhattheydoasrecycling,butthat’sexactlywhatitis.Fineartistsmightworkwithexpensivematerials.Theymightuseexpensivetoolstoshapethesematerialsintoworksofart.Ontheotherhand,inpoorcountriesrubbishmightbetheonlymaterialfolkartistsandtoymakerscanafford.Theexhibitionshowsthatarichimaginationisveryimportantwhenthereareonlypoormaterials.Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplebegantothinkaboutrecycling.Someoftheobjectsintheexhibitiondatefromthe1930s.Evenifyoudon’tcreateartoutofrubbish,it’sgoodtosaveournaturalresources.RememberthethreeRules:reduce,reuse,recycle.Ifyoureducewaste,truethingsinsteadofthrowingthemout,andrecyclematerialssuchaspaper,plastic,andglass,youwillprotecttheenvironment.6．Whichideabelongsintheemptybox?Conclusion(结论)DetailsArtbasedonculturaltraditionsArtmadeforeverydayuseArtmadewithusedmaterialsA．FolkartismadebypeoplewhoarenottrainedartistsB．TheartistsefrommanydifferentculturesC．Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplestartedrecycling7．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Therewasmorethan800piecesoffineart.B．Folkartistscan’tshapeexpensivematerialsintoworksofart.C．Poormaterialsalsocanbemadeintoworksofart.8．Whatisthesamethingofthepiecesintheexhibitionshare?A．Theyareallwoksoffineart. B．Theyareallmadefromusedmaterials.C．Theyareallmadebythetrainedartists.9．Whatcanwedotoprotectourenvironment?A．Throwawayusedmaterials. B．Onlyuseexpensivematerials.C．Recyclematerials.10．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．UsedBottleCaps B．TheArtofRecycling C．AMuseumExhibitionPassage3（2021·湖南益阳·中考真题）TraditionalChineseCulturesChineseFolkMusicChinesefolkmusicisconnectedwithancientChinesestories.Oneoftheclassics（经典著作）,shijing,includedsomefolksongsfromtheWestZhoutotheSpringandAutumnPeriod.TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsincludeguzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.WeiqiWeiqi,calledyiinancientChina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryofover3,000years.Peoplebelieveweiqiisthebeginningofallancientchessgames.ChineseHandwritingChinesehandwritingisaspecialartofAsiancultures.Brushhandwritingismuchlovedaroundtheworld.WangXizhiwasveryfamousforbrushhandwriting.HemadeagreatachievementinChinesehandwriting.ChinesePaintingInancientChina,mostoftheChinesepaintingsweredoneonpaperorsilk.TraditionalChinesepaintingincludesmountainsandwater,flowersandbirds,figures（人物）.ThehighestformofChinesepaintingismountainsandwater.11．WhatisChinesefolkmusicconnectedwith?A．Weiqi. B．AncientChinesestories. C．Chinesepainting.12．TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsdoNOTinclude______.A．xiao B．piano C．guzheng13．WhathavewelearnedaboutWangXizhifromthepassage?A．Hewasagreatweiqiplayer.B．HewasgoodatChinesepainting.C．HemadeagreatachievementinChinesehandwriting.14．InancientChina,peopleoftenpainted______.A．onwoodorcloth B．onpaperorwood C．onpaperorsilk15．ThehighestformofChinesepaintingis______.A．mountainsandwater B．flowersandbirds C．figuresPassage4（2021·四川凉山·中考真题）EachdifferentpartofChinahasitsownspecialformsoftraditionalart.Theseusuallytrytoshowthethingsthatareimportantinlife,suchaslove,happiness,beautyandfamily.Themostmonthings,frompapertoclaytobamboo,areturnedintoobjectsofbeauty.HereinsomeinformationaboutsomeofChinesetraditionalarts.NamePaperCuttingSkyLanternClayArtKiteInventorUnknownZhugeKongmingUnknownLuBanAppearingTime1,500yearsago226AD4,000yearsago2,000yearsagoMaterialPaperPaper,bambooClay,paperorcottonPaper,bambooMainUseAncientTimesRememberingancestorsAskingforhelpBeingwiththedeadSendinginformationTodayPrayingPrayingDecoratingPlayingplexity（制作难易度）HarderHardHardestHarder16．Howmanykindsofmaterialsarementionedinthepassage?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Eight.17．Peoplemake________mosteasilyofallaccordingtothepassage.A．papercutting B．skylanterns C．clayarts D．kites18．Whatarekitesusedfortoday?A．Askingforhelp. B．Praying. C．Playing. D．Sendinginformation.19．Papercuttingappearedabout________thankites.A．500yearslater B．500yearsearlier C．1,500yearsearlier D．2,000yearslater20．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEfromthepassage?A．TheinventorofpapercuttingisLuBan.B．Kitesandskylanternshavedifferentmaterials.C．Peopleusedclayartstodecorateinancienttimes.D．Chinesetraditionalartsshowsomeimportantthingsinlife.Passage5（2021·新疆·中考真题）Yangzhoupapercutting,withahistoryof2,000years,canbedatedbacktotheSuiDynasty,makingYangzhouoneoftheplaceswherepapercuttingfirstbecamepopular.IntheSuiDynasty,thepeopleofYangzhouwouldcutcolourfulpaperorsilkandsatin(缎子)tocelebratefestivals.ItissaidthatEmperorYangcametoYangzhouthreetimes.Inwinter,theflowersandtreesinthegardenbecamedryandweak.Theemperororderedthegrilservantstocutfinesilkandsatinintoflowersandleavesandusethemtodecoratethetreesandlakes,copyingnicelythelooksofspringandsummer.Sincethen,“colorfulcutting”hasbeeapopularartinYangzhou.IntheTangDynasty,thepapercuttingindustrywashighlydevelopedandalargeamountofhighqualitypaperwasmadeaspresentstotheCourt(宫廷).IntheQingDynasty,becauseoftheeconomicdevelopment,thepeopleofYangzhoubecameinterestedinwearingfineclothing,especiallyembroidered(刺绣的)clothing.Theembroidereddesignswerebasedonpapercuts,themostwellknowofthemwasfromBaoJun,apapercuttingmaster.Hewonahighreputation(名声)asMagicScissorsforhiswonderfulcuttingskills.AfterthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasstarted,theChinesegovernmentacceptedtheimportanceofpapercuttinglikemanyotherartsandskills.In2007,ChinaPapercutsMuseumopenedtothepublicinthebackgardenoftheWang’sResidence(住所),Yangzhou,greatlyhelpingthedevelopmentofYangzhoupapercutting.21．Whendid“colourfulcutting”beeapopularartinYangzhou?A．IntheSuiDynasty. B．IntheTangDynasty.C．IntheMingDynasty. D．IntheQingDynasty.22．Theunderlinedword“decorate”inParagraph2means______inChinese.A．种植 B．装饰 C．浇水 D．砍伐23．WhendidChinaPapercutsMuseumopentothepublic?A．In2007. B．In2008. C．In2009. D．In2010.24．Wherecanweprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inapoem. B．Inanovel. C．Inamagazine. D．Inadictionary.25．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howtomakepapercutting.B．Thewaytocutpaper.C．TheimportanceofYangzhoupapercutting.D．ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupapercutting.Passage6（2021·四川南充·中考真题）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphy（书法）andpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings（弦）,meaningthefiveelements（元素）ofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,inZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambiencewasimportantinplayingtheguqin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoanenjoyableactivityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwelltrainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in2003.26．Today,theguqinhas________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven27．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inParagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．环境氛围 C．天气状况 D．弹奏曲目28．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin________isarightchoice.A．ataquietrestaurant B．atawelepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm29．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.30．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.Passage7（2021·浙江杭州·中考真题）FlamencoisverypopularinsouthernSpain.Itbeginswithguitarmusicandclapping（击掌）andthendancersjointheperformance.Sometimesawomandancesaloneandsometimesshedanceswithaman.Thewomanalwayswearsalong,colorfuldress.Shemovesherarmsandhandsslowlybutherfeetmoveinfastdifficultsteps.Themanoftenwearsblack.Bothdancersclicktheirshoesonthefloorwhentheydancearoundeachother.CossackdancesarefromRussiaandUkraine.Theyareveryenergeticsomearemorelikegymnasticsthandancing!Dancershavetobeveryfitbecausetheyjumpveryhighandkicktheirlegsupanddown.Theyoftenjumpoverswords（剑）.ThemovementsaresimilartotraditionalCossackactivities,forexample,swordfightingandgettingonandoffhorses.LimbodancingisfirstfromWestAfricabuttodayitisanimportantpartofcelebrationsintheCaribbean.Youngpeoplehavetodanceunderapole（杆）.Thepoleisoftenonfireandthedancermustn’ttouchit!Afterasuccessful“limbo”,theyputthepoleloweranddoitagain.Somedancerscandanceunderapolejusttwentycentimetersofftheground!Mask（面具）dancesareimportantfortheDogonpeopleinMali.Eachvillagemakesdifferentmasks.Theyareoftenhugeandcolorful.Therearemasksofpeople,monstersorlocalanimalslikecrocodilesandmonkeys.Maskdancersarealwaysmenandtheydancetothesoundofdrumsforhoursafterthedeathofapersoninthevillage.Today,Dogonvillagersalsoperformthedancesfortourists.31．Whatdoweknowaboutflamencodancing?A．Dancersbeginperformingbeforetheguitarmusicstarts.B．Awomandanceroftenwearsalongblackdress.C．Awomandancermovesherhandsandfeetatdifferentspeeds.D．Dancersclaploudlywhilemovingaroundeachother.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gymnastics”inParagraph2referto?A．Aplay. B．Asport. C．Acelebration. D．Ashow.33．Whichofthefollowingislimbodancing?A． B．C． D．34．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．DanceJumpsandMoves B．DancesforDifferentAgesC．DanceMusicandClothing D．DancesfromAroundtheWorldPassage8（2021·四川成都·中考真题）Tangchang,atowninChengdu,iswellknownforclothshoes.Withover20types,Tangchangclothshoesarestrong,fortable,breathableandfriendlytotheenvironment.In2018,theywereaddedtoSichuan’sintangibleculturalheritagelist（非物质文化遗产名录）.63yearoldLaiShufanghasspentover40yearsmakingTangchangclothshoes.Nowsheisamaster.Shesaidthereare32stepstomakeapair,butthemostimportantstepismakingthesoles.Layers（层）ofwhiteclotharegluedtogetherwithflourpaste（糨糊）.“Tomakegoodpaste,wemakeitatatemperatureof85℃.Ifit’stoolowortoohigh,thepastewillnotwork,”Laisaid.Thenthepastedlayersaredriedandcutintodifferentshapes.Afterthis,thelayeredclothisbeatenagainandagainuntilitistight（紧实的）enoughtomakesolesandupperparts.Thenextstepistoshapethetwopartsandgluethemtogether.Butstillthesoles’edgeslookfluffy.Throughrepeatedpolishingandtrimming,thefluffyedges（毛边）willbeesmooth.Thentheclothshoesareready.Lai’shardworktouchedhersonAiPeng.In2015,Aidecidedtoleavehisjobandhelphismother.HeusedShuembroiderytomaketheshoeslookmorebeautifulandopenedaclothshoestoreonline.Healsosetupshopwindowstoshowthestepsofmakingshoes,helpingmorepeoplelearnabouttheartofclothshoes.35．WhatisthemostimportantstepinmakingTangchangclothshoesaccordingtoMs.Lai?A．Makingthesoles. B．Makingtheupperparts. C．Makinggoodflourpaste.36．WhatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingstepsofmakingTangchangclothshoes?①beatingthelayeredcloth②makingflourpasteatanexacttemperature③gluingtheupperpartsandthesolestogetherA．③②① B．②③① C．②①③37．HowmanythingshasLai’ssondonetomaketheclothshoesmorepopular?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.38．Whichofthefollowingquestionsisansweredinthepassage?A．WhatarethefeaturesofTangchangclothshoes?B．WhendidMs.Laibeeamasterofclothshoes?C．What’sthemostimportantmaterialinmakingclothshoes?39．Whatisthebesttileforthispassage?A．ATalentedShoemaker,LaiShufangB．HandmadeClothShoesinTangchangC．Tangchang,aWellknownTowninChengduPassage9（2021·山东泰安·中考真题）WhenWangHaiyanwasyoung,herfavoritetoysweren’tBarbiedolls.Instead,shestartedlearningtomakeshadowpuppets(皮影)fromherfatherat13.Now43,Wanghasspent30yearspracticingandspreadingtheart.Shadowpuppetryisaformoftheaterthatusespuppetsmadefromleather(皮)orpaper,acpanied(伴奏)bymusicandsinging.ItwasinventedduringtheWesternHanDynasty(206BC—AD24).Ittellsusaboutfolktalesandhistoricalstories,passingdowncultureandcustomsoverthousandsofyears.Shadowpuppetryisallaboutcreatingthepuppetsandperformingwiththem.Wang’shometownofHuacounty,Shanxi,isknownasthebirthplaceofthefolkart.Puppet—makersmustfollow24stepstomakethepuppetsincludingwashingtheleather,carving(雕刻)andpainting,accordingtoWang.Carvingisthemostdifficultpart.“Wehaveaspecialcarvingskill—movingtheleatherundertheknife,”Wangsaid.IttookWangthreeyearstomasterthisskill.Sheusedabrick(砖块)tostrengthenherlefthandwhilepracticing.Ittakesabout3,000carvestomakeashadowpuppet.“Theplex(复杂的)stepsmakeithardtohanddownthefolkart,”shesaid.ButWanghasfoundawaytodoso.Inrecentyears,shehasmadeshadowpuppetsbasedonsomecartoonseriesandgivenalivestreamingperformance.Sheusedcolorslikeblueandpurplethatwerehardlyseeninshadowpuppetryandaddedmorestickstothepuppetstomaketheperformancemorelively.“Ihopemoreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoyshadowpuppetryandpassitdown,”shesaid,40．Makingthepuppetsincludesthefollowingstepsexcept________.A．painting B．carving C．washingtheleather D．makingbricks41．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A．Whereshadowpuppetrywasinvented.B．Whatshadowpuppetryis.C．Whypeoplelikeshadowpuppetry.D．WhenWangbegantolearnshadowpuppetry.42．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“handdown”meaninthefifthparagraph?A．传承 B．提高 C．酷爱 D．放弃43．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutWangHaiyanisTRUE?A．Shelearnedallbyherselftomakeshadowpuppets.B．Shedidn’tmasterthecarvingskilluntilshewas43.C．Sheexpectedmore