2024-2025学年高中英语Unit5MusicSectionⅢGrammar-“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句学案新人教版必修2

PAGEUnit5MusicSectionⅢGrammar——“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句[思维导图][语法精讲]一、基本用法当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们可以用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。假如先行词为人时，用“介词＋whom”；假如先行词为物时，用“介词＋which”。who和that不能用于此结构，但介词后置时可以运用，假如作宾语也可以省略。TheladderonwhichIwasstandingbegantoslip.我脚下的梯子起先向下滑动。二、“介词＋关系代词”中介词的确定1．依据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.我仍旧记得我参军的那一天。(表示详细的“在哪一天”，用介词on)2．依据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。HeisthemanforwhomI'mwaitingforalongtime.他是我等了很久的那个人。(waitfor等待，为固定搭配)Heisafamoussingerofwhomweareproud.他是一位我们引以为豪的闻名歌颂家。(beproudof以……为豪，为固定搭配)3．依据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，须要依据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。ThisisthebookwithoutwhichIcan'tpasstheexam.这是一本没有它我就不能通过考试的书。三、“介词＋关系代词”的特别用法1．“the＋名词＋of＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，有时可用“whose＋名词”或“of＋关系代词＋the＋名词”替换。Iliveintheroom,thewindowsofwhich(＝ofwhichthewindows＝whosewindows)facesouth.我住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。[名师点津]在“the＋名词＋of＋关系代词”或“of＋关系代词＋the＋名词”中肯定不能漏掉冠词the；在“whose＋名词”结构中肯定不能加上冠词the。2．“名词/代词等＋介词＋关系代词”结构：有时“介词＋关系代词”前会出现不定代词(all,both,none,neither,many,few,therest等)、数词(分数、百分数等)及“the＋最高级/比较级”等，用来表示部分、数目等意义。Thefootballteamhas15members,theoldestofwhomis25yearsold.这个足球队有15名队员，其中最大的25岁。Ⅰ.用“介词＋which/whom”完成下列句子1．Theinjured,oneof_whomisinacriticalcondition,havebeentreatedinanearbyhospital.2．Thewayinwhichonestudentstudiesmightbequitedifferentfromthatofanotherstudent.3．Canyouseethedeskonwhichthereisabookandtwopens?4．ThemanwithwhomIsharetheroomisayoungteacherfromcollege.5．Heworksinafactory,atthebackofwhichthereisariver.Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”补全句子1．Believeitornot,Idon'tlikethe_way_in_whichhespoketome.信不信由你，我不喜爱他对我讲话的方式。2．Heborrowedabooktheotherday,the_author_of_whichisaworker.那天他借了一本书，书的作者是一名工人。3．Thankyouforyourhelp,without_whichwecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.感谢你的帮助，没有你的帮助我们不行能按时完成工作。4．Theyarrivedatahouse,in_front_of_whichsatalittleboy.他们到了一座房子，房前坐着一个小男孩。5．Thereasonfor_whichIboughttherosesisthatMarylikesthem.我买玫瑰的缘由是玛丽喜爱。Ⅲ.句型转换1．ThereusedtobeatimewhentheChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom.→Thereusedtobeatimeduringwhich/inwhichtheChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom.2．Don'tyouwanttoexplainthereasonwhyyouwerelatefortheimportantmeeting?→Don'tyouwanttoexplainthereasonforwhichyouwerelatefortheimportantmeeting?3．Helivesinanoldroom,whoseroofhasbeendamagedinthestorm.→Helivesinanoldroom,theroofofwhichhasbeen