广西南宁市横州市八年级下学期期末英语试题

20222023学年广西南宁市横州市八年级（下）期末英语试卷听句子,选图片。你将听到五个句子,请选出与所听句子内容相符的图片,有一幅图是多余的。每个句子读两遍。1.2.3.4.5.听短对话,选择最佳答案。你将听到五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,请根据对话内容,选出最佳答案。每段读两遍。2.What’sTony’shobby?A.Collectingstamps.B.Collectingtoycars.C.Collectingtickets.3.WhatclothesshouldLinglingtaketoLosAngeles?A.Shorts.B.Sweaters.C.Sunglasses.4.Wherewilltheyhavetheirpicnic?A.Atthetopofthehill.B.Inthepark.C.Underthetree.5.Whenwillhisfathereback?A.Nextweekend.B.NextMonday.C.NextSunday.6.What’sMike’spurposeofraisingsomuchmoney?A.Tohelppoorpeople.B.Tohelppoorstudent.C.Tohelphimself.听长对话,选择最佳答案。你将听到三段对话,请根据对话内容,选出每个问题的最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。7.1.WholikescollectingthingsinCindy’sfamily?A.Cindy’sbrother.B.Cindy’sfather.C.Cindy.2.HowmanybooksofphotodoesCindy’sfatherhave?A.Ten.B.Eleven.C.Twelve.3.WhatdoesCindythinkaboutherfather’shobby?A.Unhappy.B.Boring.C.Interesting.8.1.WhoisJackgoingtoLosAngeleswith?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisfather.C.Hisfriend.2.WherearetheygoingtostayinLA?A.InUncleWang’shotel.B.InJack’sfriend’shouse.C.InUncleWang’shouse.3.HowwilltheygotoLA?A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.9.1.WhatisJanedoing?A.Sheischatting.B.Sheiswritinganemail.C.Sheiscalling.2.WhydidRosemovetoanothercity?A.Becauseshefoundagoodjobthere.B.Becauseherfatherfoundanewjob.C.Becauseshewenttoanewschool.3.JaneandRosestayintouchby________.A.callingeachother.B.sendingemailsandmeetingintherestaurant.C.callingeachotherandchattingontheInternet.4.HowmanyfriendsdoesJanementionatthisschool?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.听短文,选择最佳答案。你将听到一篇短文,请根据短文内容,选出每个问题的最佳答案。短文读两遍。10.1.Whatpetitiondidthegirltakepartin?AAdancingpetition.B.Anactingpetition.C.Asingingpetition.2.WhendidthegirlgettotheTVstation?A.At8:00pm.B.At5:00pm.C.At6:00pm.3.Whotoldthegirltostaycalm?A.Herfriend.B.Thedirector.C.Hermum.4.WhereisAnniefrom?A.Canada.B.America.C.England.5.Whatwasthefirstprize?A.Aconcertticket.B.Afreetrip.C.1,000dollars.听短文,填信息。你将听到一篇短文,请根据短文内容,将所缺信息填入答题卡对应的横线上,每空一词。短文读三遍。Friendship*ClareandKateareboth1.yearsold.*Theirfavouriteplaceisthe2.*KateoftenhelpsClarewithher3.*Atweekendstheyusuallyplay4.together.*Theywillstudyindifferentschoolsnextyear,buttheywillstill5.intouchinmanyways.单项选择从下列每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。1.—Mum,whatareyoucooking?It________nice.—Iamcookingchickensoup.A.tastes B.smells C.sounds【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，你在做什么？闻起来很香。——我在煮鸡汤。考查动词辨析。tastes品尝起来；smells闻起来；sounds听起来。根据“Mum,whatareyoucooking?”可知，此处应该表示闻起来很香。故选B。2.—Thanksalotforyourhelp.—________.A.Goodidea B.Nice C.Mypleasure【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——非常感谢你的帮助。——我的荣幸。考查情景交际。Goodidea好主意；Nice很好；Mypleasure我的荣幸。根据“Thanksalotforyourhelp.”可知，回应别人的感谢，应该说我的荣幸或不客气。故选C。3.—Mr.Brown,we________cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow?—Ofcourse.Youdidagoodjob.A.finish B.willfinish C.havefinished【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——布朗先生，我们已经打扫完教室了。我们现在可以回家了吗？——当然。你们做得很好。考查时态。根据“Canwegohomenow?”可知，已经打扫完了教室，强调结果，因此要用现在完成时。故选C。4.—Excuseme.MayIjoinyourclub?—Sure.Please________thisformfirst.A.setup B.fillout C.makeup【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——打扰一下。我可以加入你们的俱乐部吗？——当然。请先填写这份表格。考查动词短语。setup建立；fillout填写；makeup编造。根据“Sure.”可知，此处表示可以加入俱乐部，但是要先填写这份表格。故选B。5.—Didyougotothecinemalastnight?—Oh,no.I________gotothecinema.Theticketsaretooexpensive,youknow.A.hardly B.always C.usually【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你昨晚去看电影了吗？——哦，没有。我几乎不去看电影。你知道票太贵了。考查副词词义辨析。hardly几乎不；always总是；usually通常。根据“Theticketsaretooexpensive,youknow.”可知，此处指几乎不去看电影。故选A。6.Myfather________theairportat10:00pmyesterday.A.arrived B.reached C.appeared【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我父亲昨天晚上10点到达机场。考查动词词义辨析。arrived到达，不及物动词；reached到达，后加地点；appeared出现，不及物动词。根据“theairportat10:00pmyesterday”可知，此处表示我父亲昨天晚上10点到达机场，应用及物动词reached。故选B。7.Tokeephealthy,MrSmithtakessome________everymorning.A.photos B.exercise C.advice【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：为了保持健康，史密斯先生每天早上锻炼身体。考查名词辨析。photos照片；exercise锻炼；advice建议。根据“Tokeephealthy,MrSmithtakessome”可知史密斯先生每天早上做锻炼。因为锻炼身体可以保持身体健康。故选B。8.Themovieisso________thatthestudentsalllaughthroughit.A.humorous B.boring C.noisy【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这部电影很幽默，学生们从头到尾都笑个不停。考查形容词词义辨析。humorous幽默的；boring无聊的；noisy吵闹的。根据“thestudentsalllaughthroughit”可知，电影是幽默的。故选A。9.Iwanttoknow________hewillgocampingwithusornot.A.when B.if C.whether【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我想知道他是否会和我们一起去露营。考查连词词义辨析。when当；if是否；whether是否。根据“ornot”可知，此处应用whether引导宾语从句。故选C。10.—Iwonder________at6yesterdayafternoon.—Iwasdoingmyhomeworkinthereadingroom.A.whatyouweredoing B.whereyouwentto C.whyyoudidthat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——我想知道你昨天下午6点在做什么。——我在阅览室做作业。考查宾语从句。根据答语“Iwasdoingmyhomeworkinthereadingroom.”可知，此处询问对方昨天下午6点在做什么，应用what引导宾语从句。故选A。补全对话根据对话内容。从下面选项中选出恰当的句子补全对话,有一个选项是多余的。A:____11____B:Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,writingandsinging.A:____12____B:Ilikewritingbest.A:____13____B:Becauseithelpsmeimprovemanyskills.A:____14____B:Yes,Iamwritingabooknow.A:____15____B:Sixbooks.A:You’regreat!B:Thankyou.A.What’syourhobby?B.Areyouwritingabooknow?C.Doyoulikewriting?D.Whydoyoulikewritingbest?E.Whichhobbydoyoulikebest?F.Howmanybookshaveyoufinishedyet?【答案】11.A12.E13.D14.B15.F【解析】【导语】本文是A与B之间的一段对话。对话的主要内容是B有很多爱好，但最喜欢写作，B已经写了6本书。【11题详解】根据下文“Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,writingandsinging.”可知，此处询问对方爱好，选项A“你的爱好是什么？”符合语境。故选A。【12题详解】根据下文“Ilikewritingbest.”可知，此处询问对方最喜欢哪个爱好，选项E“你最喜欢哪个爱好？”符合语境。故选E。【13题详解】根据下文“Becauseithelpsmeimprovemanyskills.”可知，此处询问原因，选项D“你为什么最喜欢写作？”符合语境。故选D。【14题详解】根据下文“Yes,Iamwritingabooknow.”可知，此处是一般疑问句，询问对方现在是否在写一本书，选项B“你现在正在写一本书吗？”符合语境。故选B。【15题详解】根据下文“Sixbooks.”可知，此处询问数量，选项F“你目前完成几本书了？”符合语境。故选F。完形填空阅读下面语篇,从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。Jenny,fromGermany,spentsometimetravellinginIndia.Whileshewasthere,shestayedwithherIndianfriend,Leela.However,therewerelanguageproblems.Itwasvery____16____forhertomunicateinthenewenvironment,whichwasdifferent____17____thatofherowncountry.Oneday,togetherwithLeela,Jennywentto____18____anorphanage(孤儿院).Allthechildrentherewereveryyoung.Atfirst,Jennywasnotsureifshecouldmunicatewiththem.Shewentovertothechildren____19____andsatbesidethem.Aftersometime,oneofthechildren____20____her.Shefeltalittlerelaxedandsmiledback.Thenshewentclosetothechild.Sheslowlyputherarmaroundthechildandstarted____21____asonginGerman.Thechildkeptsmilingandstartedrepeatingthewordsafterher.ThewordsthatcamefromthelittlemouthweredifferentfromthosethatJennysang,buttherhythm(节奏)wasthesame.Jennysangalittlemoreandthechildfollowedheragain.Wantingtojoininthe____22____,anotherchildwentuptoJennyandstartedsingingtherhythm.Thenmorechildrenjoinedin.They____23____manysmilestogether.Fromtheothersideofthehall,Leelawassmilingandwatchingthem.NoticingLeela’seyesonher,Jennywasexcited,“Idon’thaveanylanguageproblems.We____24____municate!”Atthatmoment,sheunderstood,“We’reallsimplehumans,andwehavethe____25____toconnectwitheachother.”16.A.nice B.dangerous C.difficult17.A.from B.for C.of18.A.show B.visit C.build19.A.slowly B.early C.hardly20A.lookedat B.laughedat C.smiledat21.A.singing B.writing C.saying22A.club B.talk C.fun23.A.forgot B.remembered C.shared24.A.can B.must C.need25.A.ability B.mistake C.custom【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.A20.C21.A22.C23.C24.A25.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在印度因为文化差异和语言不通遇到困难，一次去当地的孤儿院和孩子们一起唱歌，发现他们交流起来并没有障碍。【16题详解】句意：在新的环境中，她很难沟通。nice漂亮的；dangerous危险的；difficult困难的。根据“However,therewerelanguageproblems.”可知，此处是在新的环境中，沟通很难，故选C。【17题详解】句意：这和她自己的国家很不一样。from从……；for为了；of……的。根据“thatofherowncountry”可知，此处是和她的国家不同，短语bedifferentfrom…“与……不同”，故选A。【18题详解】句意：一天，Leela和Jenny一起去参观一家孤儿院。show出示；visit参观；build建造。根据“Allthechildrentherewereveryyoung.Atfirst,Jennywasnotsureifshecouldmunicatewiththem”可知，此处是参观孤儿院。故选B。【19题详解】句意：她慢慢地走到孩子们身边，坐在他们旁边。slowly慢地；early早地；hardly几乎不。根据“andsatbesidethem.”可知，此处是慢慢地走到他们身边，故选A。【20题详解】句意：过了一会儿，其中一个孩子对她笑了。lookedat看；laughedat嘲笑；smiledat对……微笑。根据下文“Shefeltalittlerelaxedandsmiledback.”可知，有个孩子对她微笑了。故选C。【21题详解】句意：她慢慢地搂住孩子，开始用德语唱一首歌。singing唱歌；writing写；saying说。根据“asonginGerman”可知，此处是开始德语唱歌。故选A。【22题详解】句意：另一个孩子想和Jenny一起玩，就走到Jenny跟前，开始唱起歌来。club俱乐部；talk谈论；fun乐趣。根据“anotherchildwentuptoJennyandstartedsingingtherhythm”可知，此处想加入他们一起玩，故选C。【23题详解】句意：他们一起笑了很多次。forgot忘记；remembered记得；shared分享。根据“manysmilestogether.”可知，此处是他们一起分享快乐。故选C。【24题详解】句意：我们可以交流！can能；must必须；need需要。根据“Idon’thaveanylanguageproblems.”可知，此处是没有语言问题，能交流，故选A。【25题详解】句意：我们都是简单的人，我们有能力相互联系。ability能力；mistake错误；custom习俗。根据“toconnectwitheachother.”可知，此处是有能力联系彼此。故选A。阅读理解I’mJessica.I’m15yearsold.I’mfromManchester.Idon’treallycollectanything,butifIevergoonatrip,IusuallybuykeyringsandIalsocollecttigers(onlytoyones)!IhaveawhitetigerandIwanttogetothertypesofbigcatsaswell.MynameisCharles,andI’m14.I’mfromCambridge.Icollectbooks!IbuythemfromtheInternetandinnewandsecondhandbookshops.Ilovebooks!I’mRoger,myageis11.I’mfromLondon.Dragonsarecool!IlikethedragonsandIdrawmanydragonsinmyfreetime!I’mVanessa.I’m13.I’mfromOxford.Icollectpencilnibs(笔尖)whentheygetbrokenoffofpencils.ButIdon’tknowwhy!Ihad784untiltheyallfelloutoftheirspecialplaceandmymothercleanedthemall!Istartedagain,buthaveonlygot43!根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。26.ThefourchildrenarefromCanada.27.JessicaandVanessacollectsomethingaboutanimals.28.Charlescollectbooksbecausehelovesthem.29.Vanessahas784pencilnibsnow.30.CharlesbuyssomebooksfromtheInternet.【答案】26.F27.F28.T29.F30.T【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍四个人的爱好。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’mfromManchester.”、第二段中的“I’mfromCambridge.”、第三段中的“I’mfromLondon.”以及最后一段中的“I’mfromOxford.”可知，这四个孩子并不是都来自加拿大。故填F。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Icollectpencilnibs(笔尖)whentheygetbrokenoffofpencils.”可知，Vanessa收集从铅笔上折断的铅笔尖。故填F。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ilovebooks!”可知，Charles收集书籍，因为他喜欢书。故填T。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Istartedagain,buthaveonlygot43!”可知，Vanessa现在有43个铅笔笔尖。故填F。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“IbuythemfromtheInternetandinnewandsecondhandbookshops.”可知，Charles从网上购买书籍。故填T。Doyouenjoytravellingandeating?Ifyouranswerisyes,you’llsurelylovevisitingMacao(澳门),aplacefullofcultureandbeauty.Joinusonourexcitingtwodaytour!OurtourbeginsattheRuinsofSt.Paul’s.Afireburnedthisfamouschurchmanyyearsago,butonewallstillremains.Touristsfromallovertheworldetovisitit.Next,we’llvisittheMuseumofMacao,whichshowsyouthehistoryandtraditionofthecity.Youshouldmissnoneoftheexhibitions(展品)!Theyareallamazing!Afterthat,we’llgotoMacaoTower,the10thtallesttowerintheworld.Thisiscertainlythebestplacetoseethecity.Thenextday,we’llenjoymanyofthebestfoodsofMacao.AnyonewhohasvisitedMacaowilltellthefoodishardtokeepfromenjoying!Oneoftheplaceswe’lltakeyoutoisLordStow’sBakery—nobodyshouldmisstheeggtartsthere!Finally,we’llendourtouratNamVanLake,wherewe’llwatchanexcellentlaser(激光)show.eandjoinourtour!There’ssomethingforeveryoneinMacao!根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。31.Whichbuildingwasburnedinafireonce?A.St.Paul’schurch. B.MacaoTower. C.TheMuseumofMacao.32.WherecanyougoifyouwanttoknowthehistoryofMacao?A.MacaoTower. B.TheMuseumofMacao. C.LordStow’sBakery.33.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutMacao?A.Touristsdon’tliketovisittheRuinsofSt.Paul’s.B.MacaoToweristhebestplacetoseethecity.C.WecanseetheeggtartseverywhereinMacao.34.WhatcanyouseeatNamVanLake?A.Movie. B.Lasershow. C.Shops.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ADayinMacao. B.HistoryofMacao. C.AVisittoMacao.【答案】31.A32.B33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳门的旅游景点及可以享受美食的地方。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“OurtourbeginsattheRuinsofSt.Paul’s.Afireburnedthisfamouschurchmanyyearsago,butonewallstillremains.”可知，圣保罗教堂被大火烧毁过，但有一堵墙仍然存在。故选A。

【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Next,we’llvisittheMuseumofMacao,whichshowsyouthehistoryandtraditionofthecity.”可知，如果你想了解澳门的历史，你可以去澳门博物馆。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Afterthat,we’llgotoMacaoTower,the10thtallesttowerintheworld.Thisiscertainlythebestplacetoseethecity.”可知，澳门塔是观赏这座城市的最佳地点。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Finally,we’llendourtouratNamVanLake,wherewe’llwatchanexcellentlaser(激光)show.”可知，在NamVanLake，你能看到激光表演。故选B。【35题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了澳门的旅游景点及可以享受美食的地方，所以C项符合。故选C。Doyougetangrywhenyourfriendssingloudlywhileyouaretryingtoworkorwhenyourbestfrienddoesnotwaitforyouafterschool?Ifyoudo,youneedtotakecontrol(控制)ofyourfeelingsandstopgettingangrysoeasily.Gettingangryeasilycanmakeyoulosefriends.GaryEgeberg,anAmericanhighschoolteacher,haswrittenMyFeelingsAreJustLikeWildAnimalstohelpyoucontrolyourfeelings.Ittellsteenshowtostaycoolwhenbadthingshappen.Thebooksaysthatgettingangryonlymakesproblemsworse.Itcannotmakethembetter.“Gettingangryisnotanaturalwaytoact,”thebooksays.Itisjustabadhabit,likesmoking.Thebooksaysyoucancontrolyourangereasily,andallyouhavetodoistotellyourselfnottobeangry.Whenababyfallsover,itcriesonlywhenpeoplearewatchingit.Likeababyyoucanonlygetangryifyouaresureitistherightthingtodo.Thebookgivesmanysuggestionstohelpyouifyougetangryeasily.Herearethetopthree.Keeparecord(记录).Everytimeyougetangry,writedownwhyyouareangry.Lookatitlaterandyouwillseeyougetangrytooeasily.AskyourfriendstostoptalkingtoyouwhenyougetangryThiswillteachyounottobeangry.Dosomethingdifferent.Whenyougetangry,walkawayfromtheproblemandgosomewhereelse.Trytolaugh.根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。36.Thewriterwantstotellus________.A.nottogetangryeasily B.toworkhardatschool C.todomoreexercise37.Thewriterthinksthatifyougetangryeasily,youwill________.A.getillveryeasily B.loseyourfriends C.putonweighteasily38.MyFeelingsAreJustLikeWildAnimalsmainlytellsus________.A.whattoread B.howtoread C.howtostaycool39.Inthefourthparagraph,theunderlinedword“it”means________.A.thebook B.thebaby C.theanimal40.Youmayseethepassagein________.A.amagazine B.asciencereport C.amovieposter【答案】36.A37.B38.C39.B40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何控制自己的情绪，不要轻易生气。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ifyoudo,youneedtotakecontrol(控制)ofyourfeelingsandstopgettingangrysoeasily.”可知，作者告诉我们不要那么生气。故选A。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Gettingangryeasilycanmakeyoulosefriends.”可知，生气会很容易让你失去朋友。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“GaryEgeberg,anAmericanhighschoolteacher,haswrittenMyFeelingsAreJustLikeWildAnimalstohelpyoucontrolyourfeelings.Ittellsteenshowtostaycoolwhenbadthingshappen.”可知，这本书告诉我们如何保持冷静。故选C。【39题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whenababyfallsover,itcriesonlywhenpeoplearewatchingit.”可知，婴儿摔倒时，只有在有人看着的时候才会哭，所以划线词指代的是“thebaby”。故选B。【40题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍如何控制自己的情绪，不要轻易生气，所以可以从杂志中读到这篇文章。故选A。①Haveyouevershakenonacoldday?Youmaynothavenoticed,butasyoushake,yourbodywarmsup.Shakingisonewayyourbodystayswarm.Ithappenswhenmessagesaresentfromthenervoussystem(神经系统)tothemuscles(肌肉).Thisishowitworks.②Thenervoussystemhastwoparts.Onepartisthenerves.Theylooklikelong,thinlines.Theirjobistocarrymessagestoallpartsofthebody.Thespinalcord(脊髓)andthebrainmakeuptheotherpartofthenervoussystem.Messagesfromthebraintraveldownthespinalcord.Theygototherestofthebodythroughthenerves.Musclesreceivethesemessages.③Imaginewaitingforabusonastreetcorner.It’sacoldday,thebusislate,andyoufeelcold.Here’swhathappens.④Acontrolcenterinyourbrainsensesthatyouarecold.Ittransmitsamessagedownthespinalcordtoallthenerves.Themessageracesthroughnervesthatconnecttoothernerves.Thenitgoesfromthenervestothemuscles.Themessagesays,“Warning!Prepareforaction!”⑤Whenamusclemoves,itmakesheat.Thatiswhyyougetwarmwhenyourunorplaysoccer.Whenyourmusclesgetthemessagethatyouarecold,theygetbusy.Firsttheytighten(收缩),thentheyloosen(松).Theytightenthenloosenoverandoveragain.Thismakesyoushake.Youalsogetwarmer.根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。41.Howdidthewriterstartthispassage?A.Byshowinganevent. B.Byaskingaquestion. C.Bytellingastory.42.WhichofthefollowingaboutthenervesisTRUE?A.Theylieinthespinalcordofthebody.B.Messagesfromthebraintraveldownthem.C.Theycancarrymessagestoallpartsofthebody.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transmits”mean?A.Sends. B.Receives. C.Collects.44.Whichisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C.45.Inwhichsection(部分)ofanewspapermayyoureadthispassage?A.Music. B.Sciencestudy. C.Sport.【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.B45.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了人体在寒冷时为何会颤抖，这是由于神经系统向肌肉发送信号，导致肌肉反复收缩和放松产生热量，以保持体温。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Haveyouevershakenonacoldday?”可知，作者通过提问题开篇的。故选B。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thenervoussystemhastwoparts.Onepartisthenerves.Theylooklikelong,thinlines.Theirjobistocarrymessagestoallpartsofthebody.”可知，神经可以把信息传递到身体的各个部位，所以C项正确。故选C。【43题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Acontrolcenterinyourbrainsensesthatyouarecold.Ittransmitsamessagedownthespinalcordtoallthenerves.”可知，大脑中的一个控制中心感觉到你很冷，它通过脊髓将信息传递给所有的神经，所以划线部分的含义是“传递”。故选A。【44题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二段介绍了人在冬天颤抖的原因；第三、四、五段具体介绍了人在冬天引发颤抖的形成过程，所以B项正确。故选B。【45题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章解释了人体在寒冷时为何会颤抖，这是由于神经系统向肌肉发送信号，导致肌肉反复收缩和放松产生热量，以保持体温，属于科学范畴。故选B。选词填空根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。certainculturechoicefriendshipguestprogressprovidetestpayseveraleandstudyinLosAngeles!Youare____46____tolearnalotfromthecourse,forexample,improveyourEnglishandunderstandmoreaboutAmerican____47____atthesametime.Thecourseslastfor____48____weeks.Ourteachersarewelltrainedandhavealotofexperience.Wealsohopeyouwillformclose____49____withtheotherstudentsinyourclass.Youcanstayinahotelorasa____50____withafamilybutthatdependonyourpersonal____51____.Ifyoustaywiththefamily,youwilltakepartintheirdailylife.Youwillhavemealswiththefamilyanddosomeactivitieswiththemtoo.Theschool____52____booksandputerstohelpyoustudy,andtheteacherssetsome____53____everyweektocheckyour____54____.Donotforget—youmustfilloutaformand____55____atleastonemonthbeforeyoustartthecourse.【答案】46.certain47.culture48.several49.friendships50.guest51.choice52.provides53.tests54.progress55.pay【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了在洛杉矶学习的相关信息。【46题详解】句意：你肯定会从课程中学到很多东西，例如，提高你的英语水平，同时更多地了解美国文化。根据“improveyourEnglishandunderstandmoreaboutAmerican…atthesametime”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指肯定会从课程中学到很多东西，becertaintodosth.“肯定会做某事”，固定词组。故填certain。【47题详解】句意：你肯定会从课程中学到很多东西，例如，提高你的英语水平，同时更多地了解美国文化。根据“understandmoreaboutAmerican…atthesametime”的句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处指更多地了解美国文化，culture“文化”，为不可数名词。故填culture。

【48题详解】句意：这些课程持续几个星期。根据空后的“weeks”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指几个星期。故填several。【49题详解】句意：我们也希望你能与班上其他同学建立亲密的友谊。根据空后的“withtheotherstudents”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指与班上其他同学建立亲密的友谊，friendships“友谊”符合，此处应用复数形式，表示概数概念。故填friendships。【50题详解】句意：你可以住在旅馆里，也可以和一个家庭一起住，但这取决于你个人的选择。根据下文“Ifyoustaywiththefamily”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指做客，guest“客人”符合；根据空前的“a”可知，此处应用单数形式。故填guest。【51题详解】句意：你可以住在旅馆里，也可以和一个家庭一起住，但这取决于你个人的选择。根据“Youcanstayinahotelorasa…withafamily”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指个人的选择，choice“选择”符合；根据空前的“yourpersonal”可知，此处用单数形式。故填choice。【52题详解】句意：学校提供书籍和电脑来帮助你学习，老师们每周都会安排一些测试来检查你的进步。根据“tohelpyoustudy”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指学校提供书籍和电脑来帮助你学习，provide“提供”符合；时态为一般现在时，主语为“Theschool”，所以此处应用动词的三单形式。故填provides。【53题详解】句意：学校提供书籍和电脑来帮助你学习，老师们每周都会安排一些测试来检查你的进步。根据“theteacherssetsome…everyweektocheckyour…