全国统考2025届高考英语一轮复习模块四五彩缤纷的从句三大从句和特殊句式第10讲特殊句式讲义教案

PAGE第10讲特别句式Ⅰ.语法填空1.(2024·天津高考)ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.2.(2024·天津高考)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.Ⅰ.语法填空五谨记1.强调句型用于强调陈述句;2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;3.强调句型用于强调特别疑问句;4.强调句型用于强调特别疑问句用在宾语从句中的语序;5.强调句型用于强调not...until...句型。Ⅱ.短文改错(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turningleft!”(Turning改为Turn)Ⅱ.短文改错定法特别句式的考查一般借助上下语境的分析。驾驭特别句式中祈使句、感叹句、倒装句、强调句型的详细用法。祈使句祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝说、嘱咐、恳求或吩咐等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但依据其句意,事实上是省略了主语you。祈使句的确定句式一般分为以下三种类型:1.行为动词原形+其他成分。※(2024·北京高考)Inanyunsafesituation,simplypressthebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.在任何担心全的状况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你须要的帮助。2.Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。※Becarefultoavoidbeingsubjectiveandone-sided.切忌主观片面。3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。※LetTomgotherehimself.让汤姆自己去那里。祈使句的否定句式,通常状况下在句首加上Don’t或Never。※Don’tswimintheriver.别在河里游泳。※Neveranswerthephonewhiledriving.绝不在开车时接电话。【小题快练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Alwayskeep(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.②Don’tlethimdo(do)thatagain.Ⅱ.单句改错Doingaswellasyoucantoday,andperhapsyoumaybeabletodobettertomorrow.(Doing→Do)感叹句感叹句表示说话时的惊异、喜悦、赞许和生气等心情。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导的,其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”。也有少量其他形式的感叹句,常见的有:(1)What感叹句What作定语,修饰名词,其感叹句句型结构:①What+a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:※Whatanapplethisis!②What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:※Whataninterestingstoryitis!③What+形容词+可数名词复数/不行数名词+主语+谓语!如:※Whathonestchildrentheyare!※Whatimportantwateritis!(2)How感叹句How作状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其感叹句句型结构:①How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!※Howbeautifulthecityis!※Howhardtheworkersareworking!②How+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:※Howinterestingastoryitis!③How+主语+谓语!如:※Howtimeflies!【小题快练】单句语法填空①Seenfromthetop,itlooksverybeautiful.Howcolorfulthemountainis!②Thelittleboycameridingatfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.Whatadangeroussceneitwas!③HowIwishmyworkcouldbesettledwithinaday!

倒装1.部分倒装(1)将含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有:never,seldom,rarely,hardly,little,few,atnotime,bynomeans,nolonger,hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...,notonly...butalso...,notuntil,nowhere,neither...nor...等。※TheInternetisoneofthewaysthesefeelingsareconveyedandperhapsneverbeforehasitservedsomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnations.互联网是传达这些情感的一种方式,或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。※(2024·天津高考)Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountshouldtheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应当运用手机。(2)“only+状语”置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。※Onlythendidwerealizetherewasanearthquake.Iwastoofrightenedtomove.只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了。我太胆怯 了以至于纹丝不动。※OnlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsdidIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.只有在和两个学生交谈之后我才发觉拥有剧烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之一。【点津】①若only修饰主语,句子不倒装;②only+状语从句位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;③构成部分倒装结构时,假如谓语部分无情态动词或be动词,则须要找助动词来帮助构成倒装句。※OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。(3)so/such...that...结构中的so,such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装结构。※SotouchingdidthesongsoundthatIcouldn’tholdmytearsbackwhenIhearditforthefirsttime.这首歌听起来如此令人感动以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下眼泪。(4)表示前面所说的状况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示确定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。※Noneofuswerefamiliarwithplanting,andnordidweknowhowtousegardeningtools.我们都不熟识种植,也不知道如何运用园艺工具。※TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.(5)as引导让步状语从句时,状语从句必需部分倒装;though引导让步状语从句时,从句可部分倒装,也可不倒装。※OnehasreasontobelievethatChina’santi-corruptionoverthepastfewyears,toughas/thoughitis,hasachievedinspiringprogress.有理由信任在过去的几年里中国的反腐行动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然这个行动很艰难。(6)在非真实条件句中,条件句中的if省略时,助动词had,were,should要提到主语前面。※(2024·江苏高考)Wereitnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.要不是老师们的支持,这个学生是不行能克服她的困难的。2.全部倒装当here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,onthewall,intheroom等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首,且句子主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装。※Upintotheblueskyflewthebirdwhenwepassedbyitsnest.当我们经过它的鸟巢时,鸟飞上了蓝天。※Sheopeneditandletoutadeepbreath.Insideitweretwosharpknives.她打开它,深深地呼了一口气。它里面是两把锐利的刀子。【小题快练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Soaccustomedare(be)mostofustotheassociationofsuccesswithmoneythatthethoughtofgivingupgoodsalaryforanideaseemslikealittlebitcrazy.②Notuntilrecentlydidtheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.③Iwasintroubleinovercomingmyaddictiontoalcohol,andsowasmyfriendMike.④Atthetopofthehilllies(lie)anoldcottagewhichhasawonderfulviewofthewholecity.Ⅱ.单句改错①NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadreallybegun.(在I前加did)②Infrontofthestadiumstandalongqueuewaitingforthestar’sarrival.(stand改为stands)③Inaword,successisimportant,andsodoesfailure,becauseit’sthemotherofsuccess.(does改为is)强调的两种形式1.强调句型(1)强调句型的基本结构:Itis/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人,且作主语时,引导词也可用who。※(2024·江苏高考)Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.但探讨人员发觉,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。【点津】强调主语时要留意连接词与谓语的一样性。※Itisourteacherthat/whohelpsusmakegreatprogress.(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构:Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分?※WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?(3)强调句型的特别疑问句结构:特别疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分?※Wherewasitthatyoufoundyourlostpen?【点津】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必需运用陈述语序。※Thequestionthatpuzzledthemishowitisthattheycangetridoftheairpollutioninthearea.(4)not...until...句型的强调结构:Itis/wasnotuntil...+that+句子其他部分。※—Howlongisitsinceyoupickedupyourbadmintontraining?自从你重新练习羽毛球有多久了?—ItwasnotuntilmyfinancebecamebetterinlastDecemberthatIstartedthetraining.直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才起先训练的。2.强调谓语动词用助动词do,does或did来强调谓语动词,用于一般现在时和一般过去时的确定的陈述句中,do还可以用于祈使句。※Somepeopledobelievethatnuclearpowerposesathreattotheworldpeace.【点津】强调句型与三大从句的区分类型区别与主语从句强调句型去掉Itis/was和that之后,句子结构仍旧完整,而主语从句却不能①Itistherethataccidentsoftenhappen.(强调句)②ItisinevitablethatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(主语从句)与定语从句强调句中that没有意义,且不作任何成分,而定语从句中that为关系代词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语①ItisnovelsthatMissWilliamenjoysreading.(强调句)②Itisaquestionthatneedscarefulconsideration.(定语从句)与时间状语从句强调句型去掉Itis/was和that后,结构完整,而Itis...when...中,it指代时间①Itwasatsixo’clockthatIgotuptoday.(强调句)②Itwassixo’clockwhenIgotuptoday.(时间状语从句)【小题快练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeoutwhatitisheistryingtoexpress.②Wasitbecauseitsnowedlastnightthatyoudidn’tcometotheparty?③Idon’tmindherpointingoutmyweaknesses,butitishowshedoesitthatIamopposedto.④ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.Ⅱ.单句改错①ItwasayearagowhenJoshuagotabikeatChristmas,andherodeiteveryday.(when→that)②Itwashimwhoshowedmehowtosmilethroughtheroughtimes.(把him改为he)③Whenwasithemadeuphismindtotakethislesson?(it后加that)④Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790whenhefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.(when改为that)Ⅰ.句型转换1.Hespeakssoslowlyandstrangelythatittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissaying.→Soslowlyandstrangelydoeshespeakthatittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissaying.2.Althoughhewastreatedverycarefully,theboycouldn’tgetwell.→Althoughtreatedverycarefully,theboycouldn’tgetwell.3.Wemakesignificantadvancesinourlivesonlybyacceptingandusingourmistakesinthisway.→Onlybyacceptingandusingourmistakesinthiswaycanwemakesignificantadvancesinourlives.4.Shecareslittleaboutwhatshelookslike;allshecaresaboutisherjobperformance.→Littledoesshecareaboutwhatshelookslike;allshecaresaboutisherjobperformance.5.Althoughhelooksfoolish,healwaysseemstomakethewisestproposal.(让步状语从句的倒装)Foolishas/thoughhelooks,healwaysseemstomakethewisestproposal.Ⅱ.语法填空DaytimebanonoutdoorexerciseParishasbannedalloutdoorexercise1.__________10amand7pminatighteningofcontainment2.__________(measure)aimedatpreventingthespreadofCOVID-19(新冠肺炎).Frenchauthoritiesissueda3.__________(state)warninganyone4.__________(catch)joggingorexercisinginpublicfromWednesdayduringthosehourswillfacefinesofbetween135and375.“Itisthroughresponsibility,self-regulationandcollectivediscipline5.__________Parisianswillbesthelphealthworkersintheirfightagainsttheepidemic(疫情),”thejointstatementfromthecity’sMayorDepartmentandPolicePrefecture6.__________(say).France7.__________(be)onlockdownsinceMarch17,preventinganyonefromleavingtheirhome8.__________theyarekeyworkersorgoingouttobuyfoodormedicine.Untilnow,peoplewerealsoallowedtoexercise9.__________(individual)aslongasitwasfor10.__________(little)thananhourandwithinonekilometreoftheirhome.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。巴黎为加强防控措施、防止新冠肺炎传播,已禁止上午10点至晚上7点之间的全部户外活动。禁止任何人离开自己的家,除非他们是关键工作人员或外出购买食品或药品。人们还被允许单独熬炼,只要时间不超过一小时,并且距离自己家一千米以内。1.【解析】between。考查介词。依据句意可知,此处是固定短语between...and...“在……和……之间”。故填between。2.【解析】measures。考查名词复数。measure表“措施”时,常用复数形式。故填measures。3.【解析】statement。考查名词。依据句意及不定冠词a可知,此处表示“一份声明”,应运用名词单数形式。故填statement。4.【解析】caught。考查非谓语动词。catch与anyone是逻辑动宾关系,应运用过去分词,表被动。故填caught。5.【解析】that。考查强调句型。分析句子成分可知,此处是强调句型,强调throughresponsibility,self-regulationandcollectivediscipline,指物,应运用that。故填that。6.【解析】said。考查动词时态。依据句意可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应运用一般过去时。故填said。7.【解析】hasbeen。考查动词时态。依据时间状语sinceMarch17可知,此处运用现在完成时,主语France是单数概念,谓语动词运用第三人称单数形式。故填hasbeen。8.【解析】unless。考查条件状语从句。依据句意可知,此处运用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。9.【解析】individually。考查副词。此处修饰动词exercise,应运用副词。故填individually。10.【解析】less。考查形容词比较级。依据空后than可知,此处运用比较级。故填less。Ⅲ.短文改错LastFriday,ourclassorganizedavisittothecitymuseum.Wegottotherebybus.First,welistenedtothebriefintroductiontothemuseum.Then,wesetouttoexploringthemuseuminsmallgroups.WhichcaughtourattentionfirstwassomeskillfulcarvedbronzewaresdatingfromtheShangDynasty.Afterwards,welookedatsomeculturalrelicsrelatetoShanxiMerchantsandlocalcustom.Tobehonest,Ifeltamazingatthewiderangeofexhibitsondisplay.Ibenefitedalotfromthisexperience.Notonlyitwidenmyhorizonsanditmademetakeprideinthehistoryofmyhometown.1.【解析】其次句去掉to。考查介词。getthere意为“到那里”,there为副词,前面不能加介词to。故将to删除。2.【解析】第三句the改为a。考查冠词。abriefintroduction意为“一个简短的介绍”,此处introduction在前文中并未出现过,表示泛指,并不是特指,且brief的读音是以辅音音素开头,所以应当用不定冠词a来修饰,而不是定冠词the。故将the改为a。3.【解析】第四句exploring改为explore。考查非谓语动词。setouttodosth.意为“起先做某事”。故将exploring改为explore。4.【解析】第五句Which改为What。考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,该句为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,又依据主句的表语bronzewares可知,从句的主语指代物,所以用what来引导。故将Which替换为What。5.【解析】第五句skillful改为skillfully。考查副词。分析句子结构可知,修饰动词carved,应当用副词skillfully。故将skillful改为skillfully。6.【解析】第六句relate改为related或relating。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词lookedat,所以relate要用其非谓语动词形式,由于主语relics与动词relate之间是主动关系,所以要用relate的现在分词形式relating;berelatedto意为“与……有关”,此处可省略be动词,干脆运用relatedto作relics的后置定语。故将relate改为related/relating。7.【解析】第六句custom改为customs。考查名词。依据连词and之前的名词S