江苏省如皋市2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末教学质量调研试题含解析

PAGE28-江苏省如皋市2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末教学质量调研试题（含解析）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanasktheman?A.Whattowearforaparty.B.Whethertoattendaparty.C.Howtomakefriendsataparty.2.Whenwilltheboygotobed?A.At9:40.B.At9:50.C.At10:10.3Whatdidthemanthinkofthefestival?A.Mostofitwasgreat.B.Everythingaboutitwasexcellent.C.Thedancemusicwasbetterthanlastyear.4.WherewillthespeakerstakeJerryforlunch?A.Toarestaurant.B.Toacafe.C.Toabar.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Wheretoputthefridge.B.Whentobuyacupboard.C.Whethertomovethefridge.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclassmate.C.Hisworkmate.7.WhereisQueensland?A.InCanada.B.InAmerica.C.InAustralia.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Toaskforsomeadvice.B.Toapologizeforhismistake.C.Tosaythankstoher.9.Whyweretheman’sparentsangrywithhimlastweek?A.Herangthemupatmidnight.B.Hedidn’tgethomeuntilmidnight.C.Hegotintoafightwithhisclassmates.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whattimedoestheflightleave?A.At2:00p.m.B.At12:00noon.C.At10:00a.m.11.Whatisthewomangoingtodotoday?A.Writeareport.B.Visitacustomer.C.TalkwithMr.Smith.12.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atanexhibitioncenter.B.Atthehomeoffice.C.Atacoffeeshop.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Shewantstochooseagoodsport.B.Shecan’tfindthewaytoagym.C.Shewantstojoinagym.14.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Weight-lifting.B.Swimming.C.Dancing.15.Howdoesthemanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycreditcard.C.Bycheque.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandointheend?A.Meethimtomorrow.B.Bringhersportsshoes.C.Godancingthreetimesaweek.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeaker’spurposetogivethetalk?A.Totellaboutamuseumprogram.B.Toteachasciencelesson.C.Tointroduceamuseum.18.Whatwillchildrendothenextmorning?A.Haveacarrace.B.Watchafilm.C.Createscienceprojects.19.Whatwillthespeakerdoafterthetalk?A.Leaveforthemuseum.B.Showthelistenersaround.C.Answerthelisteners’questions.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Childrendon’tneedtobringanything.B.Childrenwilllearnaboutplasticnexttime.C.Childrenunder14aren’tallowedtotakepart.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThefollowingaresomeofthemostuniquecelebrationsfromallaroundtheworld.Songkran—ThailandIfyou’reinThailandbetweenApril13thand15th,getreadyfortheworld’sbiggestwaterfight.ThecelebrationmarksthebeginningoftheThaiNewYear,wherecleansingwithwaterismeanttopurifyandrenew.InBangkokorChangMai,thewaterfightscanlastuptosixdays.Whilethisisthemostpopularactivity,SongkranisalsoatimewhenpeoplevisiteldersandmonkstopaytheirrespectstotheNewYear.LaBatalladelVino—Haro,SpainJune29thisagooddaytovisitHaro,Spain.Bringabottleofredwineandpreparetobedrenched(湿透)inredwineintheheartofSpain’sgrape-growingregion.Afterachurchceremony,alargenumberofpeoplegetgatheredforthebattle,wherewhiteshirtswillbemadebrightpurplebytheendoftheday.BaytoBreakers—SanFrancisco,CaliforniaCreatedaftertheterrible1906earthquakeasawayofliftingpeople’sspirits,theracehasbecomeoneoftheregion’smostimportantevents.HostedeveryyearonthethirdSundayofMay,theracerunsapproximately12kmthroughthecity.Therealhighlight,however,isthethousandsofpeopledressedupinashow.Wearwhateveryouwant:Batmansuits,purplewigs(假发)Koninginnedag—TheNetherlandsAlthoughtheirQueen’sbirthdayisactuallyduringthewinter,shecelebratesitonApril30—thecountry’sofficial“Queen’sDay”since1949.Orangeisthenationalcolor,andthestreetsbecomeaseaofshiningwigsandbodypaints,ascrowdsgatherinthesquares.Amsterdamisthecenterofthisoutdoorparty,butnearlyeverytownisalivewithorangeonthisday.1.Ifatouristenjoyswatersportsmost,wecanrecommend_____________.A.Songkran B.LaBatalladelVinoC.BaytoBreakers D.Koninginnedag2.WhatcanwelearnaboutBaytoBreakers?A.Theracebeganhundredsofyearsago.B.Themostexcitingpartisthe12kmrace.C.It’scelebratedbypeoplealloverthecountry.D.Itwastoencouragepeopleafterthedisaster.3.Accordingtothepassage,onKoninginnedag___________.A.peopleshouldwearformalclothesB.peopleshouldgettogetherathomeC.peopleattendthechurchceremonyD.peoplecanpaintthemselvesorange【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的一些独特的庆祝活动。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Songkran—Thailand下面的关键句“Ifyou’reinThailandbetweenApril13thand15th,getreadyfortheworld’sbiggestwaterfight.”可知，Songkran（泼水节）里会有世界上最大的水战。所以假如游客宠爱水上运动，可以去Songkran。故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据BaytoBreakers—SanFrancisco,California下面的关键句“Createdaftertheterrible1906earthquakeasawayofliftingpeople’sspirits,theracehasbecomeoneoftheregion’smostimportantevents.”可知，BaytoBreakers（旧金山越湾长跑）是在1906地震后被创建的，目的是为了鼓舞灾难后人们。故选D项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Koninginnedag—TheNetherlands下面的关键句“Orangeisthenationalcolor,andthestreetsbecomeaseaofshiningwigsandbodypaints,ascrowdsgatherinthesquares.”可知，橙色是国家的颜色，人们会戴橙色的假发，也会把身体彩绘成橙色。再依据关键句“Amsterdamisthecenterofthisoutdoorparty,butnearlyeverytownisalivewithorangeonthisday.”可知，在那一天，几乎每个城镇都充溢了橙色，推断可知，人们会在这一天把自己彩绘成橙色。故选D项。【点睛】细微环节理解题的解题方法：1.画出题干关键词；2.找寻文章中对应关键句；3.分析选项，选出答案。例如本篇文章中的第一小题，题干关键词为“enjoyswatersportsmost”，阅读文章，锁定文章其次段句子“Ifyou’reinThailandbetweenApril13thand15th,getreadyfortheworld’sbiggestwaterfight.”，依据句意可知，Songkran（泼水节）里会有世界上最大的水战。所以假如游客宠爱水上运动，可以去Songkran，即可推断出正确答案，故选A项。BWhenIawoke,itwasmorning.Itriedtostandup,butIcouldnotmove.Atfirst,Ithoughtthatyesterday’sdangershadmademybodytooweakandtootiredtomove.Then,suddenly,Iheardsomeverystrangenoises.AsIlistened,Iheardthesoundsofpeoplearoundme,butIcouldseenoone.“SoIamnotalonehere!ThankGod!”Ithought.Itriedtoturnmyhead,butIcouldnotmoveitinanydirection.IturnedmyeyesdowntolookatmybodyandsawthatIhadbeentieddowntothegroundwithhundredsofsmallropes.Justatthatmoment,Ifeltsomethingmovingupmyleg.ItwassmallandlightandIthoughtthatperhapsitwasasmallanimallikeamouseorsomething.Ifeltthethingtouchmychinandlookeddowntoseewhatsortofanimalwasclimbingonme.IhadneverbeenasshockedinmylifeasIwasatthatmoment.Standingonmychestwasatinyperson!Thelittlemanstoodonmychest,pulledoutatinysword,andpointeditatmyhead.AsIstaredathiminsurprise,thelittlemanshoutedsomethinginastrangelanguage.“Hekinahdegu!”hesaid.Ihadnoideawhatthismeant,butIguessedthatitwasnotafriendlygreeting.Ididnotknowwhattodo,butIwantedtogetfreefromtheropes.Imovedmybodybackandforth,tryingtobreaktheropes.WhenIfreedmyleftarm,thelittlepeoplebegantoshoutloudly.Quickly,Iusedmyarmtopullofftheropesthatheldmyheadtotheground.Amomentlater,hundredsofsmallarrowsflewthroughtheairandhitmyhandsandface.Theyfeltliketinyneedlesinmyskin.Ishoutedinpainandraisedmyhandstocovermyface.Manysmallmenjumpedontomybodyandbegantoattackmewiththeirswords.Iguessedtheywereangry.Iwastryingtoescapefromthem,soIdecidedthebestthingtodowasputmyhandsdownandliequietly.(AdaptedfromGulliver’sTravels)4.HowdidGulliverfeelwhenhearingsoundsofpeoplearoundhim?A.Frightened B.Dangerous C.Disappointed D.Delighted5.Whycouldn’tGullivermovewhenhewokeup?A.Hewastootiredandtooweak.B.Someonetiedhimtotheground.C.Hesankinthoughtafterawaking.D.Strangevoicescaughthisattention.6.WhatdoesParas4&5mainlytellus?A.Gulliver’swordscausedthetinymen’sanger.B.Gullivermanagedtodefeatthetinymenagain.C.Theyfailedtocommunicatewellwitheachother.D.Neitherofthemwaswillingtoreachanagreement.7.WhatcanbelearnedfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara6?A.Hewasafraidofthetinymen’ssecondattackanddecidedtoliestill.B.Hewantedtocalmthetinymendownandwaitedforanotherchance.C.Hewastiredafterfightingagainstthetinymenandwantedtohavearest.D.Hegotabetterunderstandingofhispresentsituationandgaveupatlast.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章改编自《格列佛游记》的段落。讲解并描述了格列佛醒来之后，被小人国的人攻击的情节。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段的AsIlistened,Iheardthesoundsofpeoplearoundme,butIcouldseenoone.“SoIamnotalonehere!ThankGod!”Ithought.(我听到四周人的声音，但是我看不到任何人。“所以我不是一个人在这里！感谢上帝！“我想。)可知当格列佛听到四周人的声音时，是很兴奋的，因为他知道这里不是只有他自己一个了。故选D项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终一句IturnedmyeyesdowntolookatmybodyandsawthatIhadbeentieddowntothegroundwithhundredsofsmallropes.(我转动眼珠看我的身体，发觉我被几百根小绳子绑在地上。)可知格列佛醒了就不能动了是因为有人把他绑在地上。故选B项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段的Thelittlemanstoodonmychest,pulledoutatinysword,andpointeditatmyhead.(小个子站在我胸前，拔出一把小剑，指着我的头。)及第五段的WhenIfreedmyleftarm,thelittlepeoplebegantoshoutloudly.Quickly,Iusedmyarmtopullofftheropesthatheldmyheadtotheground.(当我松开我的左臂时，小个子们起先大声喊叫。很快，我用我的手臂拉下了把我的头固定在地上的绳子。)可知这两段主要说明他们没能很好地沟通。故选C项。【7题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线句的前一句Iguessedtheywereangry.Iwastryingtoescapefromthem(我猜他们很生气。我正试图逃离他们)及划线的句子soIdecidedthebestthingtodowasputmyhandsdownandliequietly(所以我确定最好的方法就是把手放下，静静地躺下)中可以得知我揣测小人觉得我要逃跑，所以很生气，因此可以推理出我想让那些小人安静下来，等待下一次机会。故选B项。CTherearetimeswhenIleaveformyrunning-groupsessionswithlittleenthusiasm.ItmightbebecauseI’mtired,orstressed,ordon’twanttoleavesomethingelse.ButI’mthecoach,soIcan’tchoosetogiveitamiss.Itwasyetanothercold,dark,weteveningandIwasn’tfeelingtheloveasIgatheredallthenecessaryequipment.Nooneintheirrightmindwillcomeoutinthisweather,Ithought.ButwhenIturnedintothecarpark,myheadlightspickedoutrunnersmakingadashthroughtheraintoourmeetingpoint,whereotherswerealreadyworkingouttostaywarm,withchat,laughterandhugs.They,too,Irealized,mightbetired,stressedorbusy.But,unlikeme,theyhadachoiceaboutwhethertocomerunningorstayathome.Andthatmakestheirdecisiontocomeandtokeeponcomingmoreencouraging.Then,IwenthomefromtherunfeelingbetterthanwhenI’darrived.Ibelieveoneofthestrongestmotivations(激励；动机)behindtheserunners’decisionstocomealongisbeingpartofagroup.Belongingtoarunningcommunitymakesrunninggreaterthanrunningitself.It’snolongerjustaworkout;it’saget-togetherwithfriends,alaughandasharedexperience.Itprovidesachancetoshareyoursuccessanddisappointments,tobecongratulatedandcomforted,and,justasimportant,tocongratulateandcomfortothers.Researchhaslongshownthepossibilityofstayingmotivatedishigherwhenexercisetakesplaceinagroup.Thereasonsaremany.AstudyattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundpeopleenjoyphysicalactivitymorewhentheyarewithothersandaremorelikelytokeepitupoverthelongterm.AndresearchbyStravain2024foundrunninginagroupmaderunnersgofasterandfurther.Usingdatafrom90millionrunstakingplaceallovertheworld,Stravafoundthattheaveragepaceofrunstakingplaceinagroupwassevensecondspermilequickerthansoloruns,andthedistancecoveredwasanaverageof1.3milesfurther.Ijokeaboutpeoplebeingmoremotivatedtocometomyrunningsessionsbytheteaandbiscuitsafterwardsthanbytherunningitself.Itmightbetrue,butitdoesn’tmatter.Thoselaughter-filledminutesareeverybitasimportantastherunninginbetween.8.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Thecoachwasalwaysenthusiastic.B.Thecoachwasneverdiscouraged.C.Thecoachwassometimesunwilling.D.Thecoachwasoftenwornout.9Whyisbeingpartofagroupmostmotivational?A.Itneedsacoachwhocanofferhelp.B.Itfreesrunnersfromboringdailywork.C.Ithelpsmemberstobeattheirrecords.D.Itcreatesspacefortheircommunication.10.Thatbeinginagroupimprovesperformanceisprovenby_______.A.takingatypicalexample B.performinganexperimentC.listingaccuratedata D.sharinghisexperiences11.Teaandbiscuitsinrunningsessionsaremeantto_________.A.attractmorerunnersfromothergroupsB.buildupsomestrengthbeforerunningC.makehisrunninggroupstandoutofallD.addmorelifetotheirrunningexperience【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了一群人一起跑步能够促进他们在跑步中的表现。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“TherearetimeswhenIsetoffformyrunning-groupsessionswithlittleenthusiasm.ItmightbebecauseI’mtired,orstressed,orhavehadtounwillinglytearmyselfawayfromsomethingelse.ButI’mthecoach(有几次当我起先为跑步课做打算时，几乎没有什么热忱。可能是因为我累了，有压力或者必需不情愿地让自己远离其他事。但是我是教练)”可知，作者作为教练有时候不情愿。故选C项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句“Itprovidesachancetoshareyoursuccessanddisappointments,tobecongratulatedandcomforted,and,justasimportant,tocongratulateandcomfortothers.(它供应了一个共享胜利和悲观的机会，被庆贺，被劝慰，并且同样重要的是，也庆贺、劝慰别人)”可知，作为团队的的一部分为沟通创建了空间，是最有激发性的因素。故选D项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段“Usingdatafrom90millionrunstakingplaceallovertheworld,Stravafoundthattheaveragepaceofrunstakingplaceinagroupwassevensecondspermilequickerthansoloruns,andthedistancecoveredwasanaverageof1.3milesfurther.(运用90名来自世界各地的跑步者的数据，Strava发觉，团队中的跑步者的平均步速比单独的跑步者快7秒每米，跑的距离平均要远1.3米)”可知，作者援引了精确的数据来证明团队的促进作用。故选C项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Ijokeaboutpeoplebeingmoremotivatedtocometomyrunningsessionsbytheteaandbiscuitsafterwardsthanbytherunningitself.(我开玩笑说，人们更情愿来参与我的跑步活动，是通过茶和饼干，而不是跑步本身)”可推知，跑步课上的茶和饼干是为了给他们的跑步体验增加更多的活力。故选D项。DEatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyouburndoubletheamountofcaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.Itcouldbethekeytolosingweightwhilealsokeepingbloodsugarlevelssteady,researchersatLübeckUniversityinGermanysaid.Theirstudyfoundfillingupinthemorningboostsametabolism(新陈代谢)processknownasdiet-inducedthermogenesis(DIT).DITreferstothenumberofcaloriesthebodyexpendstoheatthebodyanddigestfood.Itwasshowntobetwiceashighforthosewhoatemoreatbreakfastthanatdinner.Ontheotherhand,alow-caloriebreakfastincreasesappetite(食欲),especiallyforsweets,theresearchersadmitted.ThefindingspublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolismwerebasedonalaboratoryexperimentof16men.Theyconsumedalowandhighcaloriebreakfastanddinneroneday—andthenviceversa(反过来)onanother.Thestudyalsoshowedincreasesinbloodsugarandinsulinconcentrations,causedbyeatingameal,wasreducedafterbreakfast,butnotsomuchafterdinner.Theresultsalsoshowedeatingalow-caloriebreakfastcausedsweetdesireswithahigherappetite.Thissuggeststhosesavingalltheircaloriesfortheendofthedaymayfaceconsequencesbecausetheysnackmore.Thestudyaddstoincreasingevidencethatthebestwayoflosingweightistoeatyourlargestmealinthemorning—andyoursmallestintheevening.DrRichter,aneurobiologistatLübeckUniversity,said,“Eatingmoreatbreakfastinsteadofdinnercouldpreventobesity(肥胖)andhighbloodsugar.”Bothobesityandhighbloodsugarcanleadtomanylife-threateningillnessesincludingcancer,cardiovasculardiseaseanddiabetes.PreviousresearchhasshownDITislowerinpeoplewithobesity.It’sseenasameasureofhowwellourmetabolismisworking.DITcandifferdependingonmealtimeandisgenerallyslowerintheeveningandatnightduetoourbodyclocks.DrRichtersaid,“Werecommendthatpatientswithobesityaswellashealthypeopleeatalargebreakfastratherthanalargedinnertoreducebodyweightandpreventmetabolicdiseases.”ProfessorDanielaJakubowicz,authorofTheBigBreakfastDiet,foundthatthosewhopiledonthecaloriesinthemorningweremorelikelytofeelsatisfied,preventingsnackingthroughouttheday.AndanotherstudybyProfessorJakubowiczfoundthateatingchocolateinthemorning,whenourmetabolismisatitshighest,preventeddesiresforsweetthingslateron.12.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatDIT________A.isusuallyslowerintheeveningthanduringthedaytime.B.referstothenumberofcaloriesneededtoheatthebody.C.hasbeenfoundbytheresearchersinaGermanyuniversity.D.maybecometwicelowerwhenpeopleeatabigbreakfast.13.Accordingtothestudy,eatingahigh-caloriebreakfastcan______.A.causediabetes B.leadtoobesityC.keepappetite D.lowerbloodsugar14.WhatarethefindingsofthestudyconductedbytheresearchersatLübeckUniversitybasedon?A.Theobservationofbloodsugarchanges.B.Basictheoriesaboutdiet-inducedthermogenesis.C.Thedatacollectedfromalaboratoryexperiment.D.Differentexperimentsonpeoplewithdifferentappetite.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DIT:lowerinthemorningorevening? B.AloworhighcaloriedinnerC.Abigbreakfast,oralargedinner? D.Lesscalories,betterhealth【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。探讨发觉吃一顿丰富的早餐比你在晚餐吃一顿丰富的早餐能帮助你燃烧双倍的卡路里。德国LübeckUniversity的探讨人员称，一顿丰富的早餐可能是减肥同时保持血糖水平稳定的关键，指出低卡路里早餐会增加食欲。文章介绍了探讨过程，以及这项探讨的一些发觉和其他人对此的看法。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中DITcandifferdependingonmealtimeandisgenerallyslowerintheeveningandatnightduetoourbodyclocks.可知依据进餐时间的不同，DIT也会有所不同，通常在傍晚和晚上，由于我们的生物钟，DIT会更慢。由此可知，DIT晚上的速度通常比白天要慢。故选A。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Theyconsumedalowandhighcaloriebreakfastanddinneroneday—andthenviceversa(反过来)onanother.Thestudyalsoshowedincreasesinbloodsugarandinsulinconcentrations,causedbyeatingameal,wasreducedafterbreakfast,butnotsomuchafterdinner.可知他们一天吃低卡路里和高卡路里的早餐和晚餐，另一天则相反。该探讨还表明，由进食引起的血糖和胰岛素浓度的上升在早餐后有所降低，但在晚餐后就不那么明显了。由此可知，依据这项探讨，吃高热量的早餐可以降低血糖。故选D。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中ThefindingspublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolismwerebasedonalaboratoryexperimentof16men.可知该探讨结果发表在《临床内分泌学与代谢杂志》上，是基于对16名男性的试验室试验得出的。由此可推知，LübeckUniversity探讨人员的探讨结果是基于从试验室试验中收集的数据。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段Eatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyouburndoubletheamountofcaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.可知吃一顿丰富的早餐比你在晚餐吃一顿丰富的早餐能帮助你燃烧双倍的卡路里。结合文章说明白德国LübeckUniversity的探讨人员称，一顿丰富的早餐可能是减肥同时保持血糖水平稳定的关键，指出低卡路里早餐会增加食欲。文章介绍了探讨过程，以及这项探讨的一些发觉和其他人对此的看法。由此可知，故C选项“丰富的早餐还是丰富的晚餐？”最符合文章标题。故选C。依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Scientistshavediscoveredanewkindofinvisibleink.It’scalledwater.Andallyouneedforthissecret-messaginginktoworkistowritewithitonasuper-hi-techpieceofpapercoatedwithspecialchemicals.____16____ItshowsupdarkerthanthesurroundingpaperunderUV(紫外线的)light.Whenthemessagehasbeenreadandneedstobehiddenagain,getoutyourhairdryer,andblowsomewarmaironthepaper._____17_____Usinghotairfromahairdryerfor15-30seconds,youwereabletoreusethespecialpaperupto30timesbecausetheheatreorganizedthechemicalstructureofthepapercoating._____18_____TheinventionwasmadebyagroupofscientistsinChina,ledbyQiangZhaooftheInstituteofAdvancedMaterials,NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications.Althoughmuchofmoderncommunicationisdigital(数码的),therearestillsomesituationsinwhichitisimportanttosendmessagesonapieceofpaper,suchaswhenthepeopledon’thaveInternet.____19____Buttheproblemhasalwaysbeenhowtogetridofamessageonceithasbeenshownsonooneelsecanreadit.___20___.Touseit,writewiththelemonjuiceonordinarypaper,iron(熨)thepaperwithahotironandthehiddenmessagewillappear.Thedownside(缺点)isthatthepaperhastobedestroyedtohidethemessagesonooneelsecanreadit.A.Howtomaketheinvisibleink?Followthesteps.B.Invisibleinkshavelongbeenusedtosendsecretmessages.C.Withouttheheatthemessagestayedvisibleforuptothreemonths.D.Previously,themostreadilyavailableinvisibleinkwaslemonjuice.E.ShineaUVlightonthecoatedpaperandthewatermessagebecomesvisible.F.Thenthemessagewillbegoneandthepapercanbereused,whichkeepscostslow.G.Puttingwateronthepaperbrokeupthestructureofthechemicalsitwascoatedwith.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.B20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了隐形墨水的运用方法，优缺点等。【16题详解】依据第一段的内容可知，该段介绍的是隐形墨水的运用原理，上一句提到“要让这种传递隐私信息的墨水发挥作用，你只须要在涂有特殊化学物质的超级高科技纸上写字。”承接上文，E选项“用紫外光照耀涂后的纸，水的信息变得清楚可见。”切题。下文“在紫外线下，它比四周的纸颜色更深。”对E选项做了说明说明。且该选项中的UVlight，coatedpaper与前后文相对应。故选E项。【17题详解】其次段讲解并描述了当信息读完须要再次隐藏时的做法，上一句提到“拿出你的吹风机，吹一些热风在纸上”承接上文，F选项“然后，信息就会消逝，纸张就可以重复运用，这就降低了成本。”切题。该选项中“themessagewillbegone”信息就会消逝和上文呼应。故选F项。【18题详解】第三段介绍了隐形墨水的重复运用的有关事项，上一句提到“用吹风机吹15-30秒的热风，你可以重复运用这种特殊的纸多达30次，因为热量重组了纸涂层的化学结构。”，是经过加热后的纸张的的运用状况，承接上文，C选项“在没有加热的状况下，这条信息可以持续3个月。”切题。故选C项。【19题详解】前句提出，人们在一些状况下不得不运用纸张来传递信息。B选项“长期以来，隐形墨水始终被用来发送隐私信息。”是前句的结果，正因为不得不运用纸张，隐形墨水才会得到长期的应用。下文“但问题始终是，一旦消息显示出来，如何删除它，这样其他人就无法阅读它。”是人们长期运用墨水所遇到的问题。在此处，B选项能够起到承上启下的作用。使语义通顺。故选B项。【20题详解】依据下文“用柠檬汁在一般纸上书写来运用它，用热铁熨，隐藏的信息就会出现。”可知，该段介绍了柠檬汁作为隐形墨水的运用方法。D选项“在此之前，最常见的隐形墨水是柠檬汁。”切题。且该选项中的lemonjuice与后文相对应。故选D项。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是依据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专出名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年头、地点/名称等。在本文中，第1小题中的“UVlight，coatedpape”，第2小题中的“hemessagewillbegone”，第5小题中的“lemonjuice”均与上下文有相呼应的词语。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fujianpuppetry(木偶戏)hasathousand-yearhistory.Itisoneofthe___21___ofChineseperformingarttotheworld’scultureandhas____22____asetofcharacteristictechniquesofperformanceandpuppetmaking,aswellasarepertoire(全部剧目)ofplaysandmusic.No___23___hasyetbeenreachedonthe____24____anddevelopmentofChinesepuppetry.___25___theShangdynasty(16th-11thcenturyB.C.),potteryfigurines(陶俑)usedasburialobjects(随葬品)havebeendiscoveredattheYinRuins.Woodenfigurines___26___duringtheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriods(770-221B.C.).InaWesternHantombatMawangduiinChangsha,Hunanprovince,anarmyofwoodenfigurinesofsingers,dancersandmusicianshavebeendiscovered.Thesewereagreat___27___onthosefrompreviousdynasties___28___craftsmanship,varietyandmodeling,whichrepresentthe___29___Chinesepuppets.Overtime,figurinesasburialobjects____30____intopuppetsforentertainmentduringholiday_____31_____.____32____,justlikemanyothertraditionalformsofart,Fujianpuppetryhasfallenoutoffavourwiththeyoungergenerations.Thenumberofyoungpeoplelearningpuppetryhas____33____duetosocioeconomicchanges____34____theirlifestylesandthelongperiodoftraining____35____tomasterthesophisticated(困难的)performingtechniques.Inresponse,____36____communities,groupsandbearers(传授者)workedoutthe2008-2025StrategyfortheTrainingofComingGenerationsofFujianPuppetryPractitioners.Thekey____37____aretosafeguardthespreadofFujianPuppetryandprovideprofessional____38____toraiseanewgenerationofpuppetrypractitioners.In2012,thestrategywasselectedbytheUNESCOtobepartoftheRegisterofGoodSafeguardingPractices.Withthewide____39____ofpractitioners,localpeopleandeducationinstitutions,FujianPuppetrycan_____40_____abrighterfuture.21.A.incidents B.judgments C.contributions D.attempts22.A.accepted B.developed C.appreciated D.recognized23.A.introduction B.conservation C.conclusion D.presentation24.A.origins B.compositions C.techniques D.functions25.A.Differingfrom B.Arisingfrom C.Comingfrom D.Datingfrom26.A.survived B.jumped C.appeared D.applied27.A.improvement B.decoration C.disappointment D.impression28.A.inpreferenceto B.inregardto C.inanswerto D.inreplyto29.A.lively B.early C.natural D.precious30.A.struggled B.modified C.flooded D.evolved31.A.conditions B.celebrations C.instructions D.invitations32.A.Previously B.Particularly C.Eventually D.Unfortunately33.A.increased B.reduced C.remained D.climbed34.A.expressing B.consuming C.transforming D.confirming35.A.devoted B.spent C.required D.cost36.A.concerned B.concrete C.confident D.convenient37.A.chance B.interest C.goal D.problem38.A.learning B.spreading C.performing D.training39.A.comprehension B.participation C.companion D.organization40.A.produce B.expect C.select D.observe【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.B32.D33.B34.C35.C36.A37.C38.D39.B40.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福建木偶戏起源和现状。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是中国表演艺术对世界文化的贡献之一。A.incidents事务；B.judgments评价；C.contributions贡献；D.attempts企图，努力。依据“totheworld’sculture”可知，福建木偶戏是对世界文化的贡献之一。contributionto对……的贡献。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐形成了一些表演和木偶限制的显著的技巧。A.accepted接受；B.developed发展，渐渐形成；C.appreciated感谢，理解；D.recognized承认，识别。依据上文“Fujianpuppetry(木偶戏)hasathousand-yearhistory.”可知，木偶戏有一千年的历史，渐渐形成了一些表演和木偶限制的技巧。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是关于中国木偶戏的起源和发展没有结论。A.introduction介绍；B.conservation保存，爱护；C.conclusion结论；D.presentation显示，表演。此处指没有“结论”，reachaconclusion得出结论，固定搭配。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于中国木偶戏的起源和发展没有结论。A.origins起源；B.compositions构成，组成；C.techniques技巧；D.functions功能。依据下文中“___5___theShangdynasty(16th-11thcenturyB.C.)”及“duringtheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriods(770-221B.C.)”等内容可知，此处指木偶戏的“起源”。故选A项。【25题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：始于商朝（公元前16世纪—公元前11世纪），作为随葬品的陶俑在殷墟中被发觉。A.Differingfrom与……不同；B.Arisingfrom由……引起；C.Comingfrom来自；D.Datingfrom始于，从……起先。依据上文“developmentofChinesepuppetry”可知，此处是在时候木偶戏的发展历程，所以此处指“始于”。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：木雕在春秋战国时期（公元前770年到公元前221年）出现。A.survived生存；B.jumped跳动；C.appeared出现；D.applied申请。此处指木雕“出现”在春秋战国时期。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就技术、多样性和造型而言，这些在之前朝代的木雕基础上有了很大改进，这代表了早期的中国木偶戏。A.improvement提高，改善；B.decoration装饰；C.disappointment悲观；D.impression印象。依据“anarmyofwoodenfigurinesofsingers,dancersandmusicians”可知，长沙马王堆西汉墓出土的军队木雕有歌者，舞者和音乐家，相比之前的有了很大的“改进”。故选A项。28题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就技术、多样性和造型而言，这些在之前朝代的木雕基础上有了很大改进，这代表了早期的中国木偶戏。A.inpreferenceto优先于；B.