江苏省南通通州区2025届高三英语下学期第三次调研测试试题含解析

PAGEPAGE21江苏省南通通州区2025届高三英语下学期第三次调研测试试题（含解析）注意事项考生在答题前请仔细阅读本留意事项及各题答题要求1．答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、学校、考位号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题纸上。2．请仔细核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。3.答题时,必需用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题纸上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcanbesaidabouttheman'sworkschedule?A.Itislight.B.Itisflexible.C.Itistight.2.Whydidthemangodownstairsthesecondtime?A.Toreadsomebooks.B.Toturnoffthelights.C.Togetsomethingtodrink.3.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gasuphiscar.B.Checkthebrakes.C.Putairinthetires.4.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehashadabadcold.B.Hehasaneyeillness.C.Hehasareactioninspring.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Relaxed.C.Tired.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoistheman?A.Awebdesigner.B.Afashiondesigner.C.Afurnituredesigner.7.Whatdothespeakersagreetodointheend?A.Tradeservices.B.Decoratetheirhouse.C.Starttheirownbusiness.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Atastore.C.Athome.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.ChangethelightcolorofherphoneB.Gotothehospitaltocheckhereyes.C.Getanewphone.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howmanysignsdothespeakersneed?A.Three.B.Five.C.Six.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthesignsaccordingtothewoman?A.Todescribetheproducts.B.Totellthesale'stime.C.Toshowthelocation.12.Whatitemsdoesthewomanwanttosellmost?A.Books.B.Furniture.C.Electronics.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.WhatwillJohnprobablyeat?AAsoup.B.Asalad.C.Asandwich.14.Whywon'tJohngetadrink?A.Hedoesn'thaveenoughmoney.B.Hehasalreadypreparedadrink.C.Hedoesn'twantsomethinghot.15.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Buyingameal.B.Keepinghealthy.C.Makingnewfriends.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Theyarefamilymembers.B.Theyknoweachother.C.Theyarestrangers.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoesMarieKondodo?A.Awriter.B.Ateacher.C.Aprogramhostess.18.WhenwasMarieKondoawardedbyTimemagazine?A.In2011.B.In2015.C.In2024.19.WheremightMarieKondospendherchildhood?A.IntheU.S.B.IntheU.K.C.InJapan.20.WhatdoesMarieKondoprobablydowithherthings?A.Buyanythingthatmakesherhappy.B.Throwawaythethingsshedoesn'tneed.C.Pickoutthethingsshefailstoorganize.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACourseAdvisor1EducationSalesExecutiveWouldyoubeinterestedinjoiningasupportiveandfriendlyteamwithasharedpassionforsellingtheirexcitingportfolioofcourses?TheOrganization:Itisaninternationalnetworkthatoffersawidevarietyofprograms,includingbachelor’sdegreeprograms,master'sdegreeprograms,professionaltraining,EnglishLanguagetraining.andcorporate&executiveeducation.WhensomeonechoosestostudyatoneoftheirinstitutionswhetheroncampusinEurope,NorthAmerica,orevenintheirownhomethey'rejoininganetworkofover50,000studentsworldwide.TheRole:CourseadvisersareresponsibleforpromotingtheCompany'sprogramportfoliotopotentialstudentsoverthephoneandviae-mail,formingavitalandintegralpartofthesalesteam.Youwillhaveanaturalgiftforsalesandrelationship-building,andahungertoexceed(超出)targetsandexpectations.Benefits:TheCompanyoffersexcellentopportunitiesforfasttrackcareerprogressionwhichisentirelyperformancedriven.Theyrewardtopperformersgivingyoutheopportunitytoearnaswellasprogress.Requirements:PleaseclickontheAPPLYbuttontosendyourCVandCoverLetterforthisrole.TheCompanyisanequalopportunitiesemployerandpositivelyencouragesapplicationsfromsuitablyqualifiedandeligiblecandidatesregardlessofsex,race,disability,age,orreligionorbelief.Norecordofcrimeisamust.1.Whatisoneofthebenefitsofthecoursesmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyaretotallyfreeofcharge. B.Theyhaveoptionalcampuses.C.Theyrequirehighintelligence. D.Theycanbeeasilypromoted.2.TopperformersoftheCompanymayhave________.A.ahighsalary B.afreetourabroad C.aholidayasabonus D.aflatasareward3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.ThosewhowanttopolishtheirEnglish. B.Thosewhotrytodeveloptheirprograms.C.Thosewhoneedtoadvancetheirdegrees. D.Thosewhoaregoodatpromotingproducts.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章是一个销售岗位的详细介绍，包括职责、福利及要求等。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据TheOrganization:部分“Whensomeonechoosestostudyatoneoftheirinstitutions—whetheroncampusinEurope,NorthAmerica,orevenintheirownhomethey'rejoininganetworkofover50,000studentsworldwide.(当一个人选择在他们的其中一个机构学习时——无论是在欧洲或者北美的校内，甚至是在他们自己的家里，他们就加入了一个超过5万名全球学生的网络。)”可知，可以选择校内是这个课程的好处之一。故选B项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Benefits:部分“Theyrewardtopperformersgivingyoutheopportunitytoearnaswellasprogress.(他们嘉奖表现优秀的员工，让你有机会获得收入和进步。)”可知，表现优秀的员工可能会有高收入。故选A项。【3题详解】推理推断题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Wouldyoubeinterestedinjoiningasupportiveandfriendlyteamwithasharedpassionforsellingtheirexcitingportfolioofcourses?(你有爱好加入一个相互支持且友好的团队吗？这个团队对销售他们令人激烈的课程组合有着共同的热忱。)”可知，本文是一个销售岗位的详细介绍，所以是写给那些擅长推销产品的人。故选D项。BLa-PierrehadflownfromBostontoChicago,sleepinginO'HareAirporttosavemoney.EarlyonthemorningofOctober13,heboardedthecity'sBlueLinetoheadfortheChicagoMarathon.Thetrainwasfullofenergizedmarathoners.La-Pierretookaseatnexttoafellowrunnerandbeganchatting.Beforelong,La-Pierrenoticedamanwhoseemedtobehomelessmovingfrompassengertopassenger,askingforsparechange.HisbehaviorstruckLa-Pierreas“reallyweird”,especiallythewayhestareddownanyonehefelthadn'tgivenhimenough.AttheCumberlandstation,severalstopsbeforetheoneforthemarathon,mostofthepassengerssuddenlyfledthecar.La-Pierreshocked,rushedouttoseewhatwasgoingon,onlytohearpanickedpeopleshoutingthatthemanaskingformoneywas,infact,anarmedandrobbingguy.Justthen,thearmedmanhimselfexitedthetraincarandhoppedontothenextone.La-Pierrefollowedhim.“Icouldnotwalkawayknowingtherewereinnocentchildrenandpeoplejusttryingtogettoarace."hesaid.ThemanwasstandinginthemiddleofthecarwhenheturnedandsawLa-Pierre.La-Pierrecrashedintotheyoungermanpinninghimagainstthecloseddoors.Thetwomenfoughtforthegunandtheirlives.“Youdon'tmove!”La-Pierreshouted,leaningintothearmedmanwithhisleftside.Themantriedshovingpasthim,butLa-Pierremuscledhimbackagainstthedoor,grabbingthegunandhandingittoapassenger,whoquicklywalkeditoffthetrain.ButLa-Pierrewasn'tintheclear.Themanhadaccomplices(同伙)whonowsurroundedLa-Pierreandbegantothreatenhim.Heknewhehadonlyonechancetosavehimself,soLa-Pierregrowled(怒吼),“I'maboxer.I'llbreakyourheadinonepunch!”Thenthepoliceswarmed(聚集)aroundthetrain,andLa-Pierreletthemtakeover.Hehadamarathontorun.ThiswasnotthefirsttimeLa-Pierrehasjumpedintothefray(打斗).La-Pierreknewtherewasmoretowhyhe'sbecomeaserialgoodguythanthat."I'velivedahardlife",hesaid“ButIbelievechangestartswithinyourself.Forthelast25years,I'vetriedtomakemyselfintoagoodman.”4.WhatimpressedLa-Pierremostafterboardingthetrain?A.Thepassengers'generosity.B.Thebeggar'sstrangebehaviour.C.Themarathoners'enthusiasm.D.Thefellowrunner'sinformation.5.WhydidLa-Pierrefollowthearmedman?A.Hewantedtoprotecttheinnocentpeople.B.Hemeanttofollowintheguy'sfootsteps.C.Hefelthehadgreaterpowerthantheman.D.Hedecidedtograbthegunfromtheman.6.HowdidLa-Pierresavehimselffromthedanger?A.Hebeatoffthebadguysbyboxing.B.Thepolicemenarrivedthereintime.C.Somepassengerscametohisrescue.D.Hescaredthebadguysintogivingin.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.La-Pierremusthavebeenaverysuccessfulboxer.B.La-Pierremightbelivingawell-offandhappylife.C.La-PierremightwellmisstheChicagoMarathon.D.La-Pierremusthavedoneheroicdeedsmanytimes.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述La-Pierre在参与马拉松的途中与抢劫者搏斗的英勇行为，及他致力做好人的情怀。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“HisbehaviorstruckLa-Pierreas“reallyweird”,especiallythewayhestareddownanyonehefelthadn'tgivenhimenough.（他的行为让La-Pierre觉得特别惊奇。尤其是他盯着其他人的方式，就似乎感觉没有给够他钱一样。）”可知，在登船后，最令La-Pierre印象深刻的是乞讨者的惊奇行为。故选B项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Icouldnotwalkawayknowingtherewereinnocentchildrenandpeoplejusttryingtogettoarace.（我没有走开是因为我知道有很多无辜的孩子们和刚要努力去参与竞赛的人。）”可知，La-Pierre想要爱护这些无辜的人，所以La-Pierre跟着带武器的男人。故选A项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第七段“Heknewhehadonlyonechancetosavehimself,soLa-Pierregrowled(怒吼),“I'maboxer.I'llbreakyourheadinonepunch!”（他知道只有一个机会可以救自己。因此他怒吼道：我是一位拳击手，我将一拳打破你的头。）”可知，La-Pierre没有其他方法战胜坏人，所以假装自己是拳击手并以此来恐吓坏人并使坏人倒戈，脱离了危急，挽救了自己。故选D项。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Forthelast25years,I'vetriedtomakemyselfintoagoodman.”（在过去的25年里，我始终努力使自己成为一个好人。）”可知，在过去的25年里，La-Pierre始终致力做好人。再依据文章对La-Pierre这次英勇行为的描述，可推断La-Pierre确定在过去也有过多次英雄的行为。故选D项CItshouldbeoneofthemaingoalsintoday'ssocietytoreduceplasticconsumption.Thoughmanybelieverecyclingwillsolvetheproblem,andcontinueusingplastic,it'sactuallytheopposite.In2013,254milliontonnesoftrashwasproducedintheU.S.alone,andonlyaround30%wasrecycled.Thismeanstherestendedupinalandfillandwillstaythereforupto1000years.NowAsiancountries,includingVietnamandThailand,arelookingfornewideastoavoidplastic.Oneofthoseideaswasanew,eco-friendlywaytopacktheirgoodsbyavoidingplasticpackaging.OneofPerfectHomesChiangmai'steammembersnoticedacreativewaytoreduceplasticthatasupermarketcalledRimpingSupermarketwasusing.Littledidheknowthatpeopleallaroundtheworldwouldabsolutelylovethisidea.“Ijustpoppedintogetafewitemswhilewewerewaitingtosignsomecontractswithourlawyer,whowasdelayed.WhenInoticedthevegetableswrappedinbananaleavesandsimplylikedtheidea.SoItookafewpicturesandpostedthemonline,hesaid.Withmorethan3.5millionviewsandover17thousandshares,theideabecamesomethingpeoplecanencouragemoresupermarketstoimplement(实施).Somehavenoticedthatnoteverythingontheshelvesiscompletelyplastic-freetowhichthesupermarketrespondedthattheyaretakingonestepatatime,butit'snotthateasy.Manyproductscometothesupermarketspre-packagedandmanycompaniesareinterestedinwrappingtheirproduceinplasticsinceitisthecheapestandtheeasiestoption.It'snowuptotheshopperstoshowthesupermarketwhichtheyprefer.Ifeveryoneoptsforthebananaleafpackaging,theywillprobablystopstockingtheitemsinplastic.8.WhatcanweinferaboutrecyclingfromPara.1?A.Theauthorthinkshighlyofrecycling.B.TheUSdidagreatjobinrecyclingin2013.C.Recyclinghasfailedtosolvetheplasticproblem.D.Recyclinghelpsalotinreducingplasticconsumption.9.WhydidthemangotoRimpingSupermarket?A.Topurchasesomeitems.B.Tolookfornewideasthere.C.Totakephotosoftheirshelves.D.Tosignacontractwithalawyer.10.Whichmightbeoneoftheinfluentialfactorsinencouragingleafpackaging?A.TheInternet. B.Thecompanies’interest.C.Thecontract. D.Theplastic-freeshelves.11.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.peopletendtopreferfarmproducewrappedinplasticB.promotingleafpackagingrequirespeople’sjointeffortC.ChinausedtoexportpartofitswastetootherCountriesD.it'seasyforsupermarketstochangethewayofpackaging【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了要削减塑料垃圾，我们可以用一种环保的叶子包装方式去包装商品，避开塑料包装。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中“Thoughmanybelieverecyclingwillsolvetheproblem,andcontinueusingplastic,it'sactuallytheopposite.In2013,254milliontonnesoftrashwasproducedintheU.S.alone,andonlyaround30%wasrecycled.(尽管很多人信任回收利用能解决这个问题，并接着运用塑料，但事实恰恰相反。2013年，仅美国就产生了2.54亿吨垃圾，只有约30%被回收。)”可知，回收利用未能解决塑料问题。故选C项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Ijustpoppedintogetafewitemswhilewewerewaitingtosignsomecontractswithourlawyer,whowasdelayed.(我只是进来买几件东西，当时我们正等着和律师签合同，他被耽搁了。)”可知，他去超市是为了买一些东西。故选A项。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Withmorethan3.5millionviewsandover17thousandshares,theideabecamesomethingpeoplecanencouragemoresupermarketstoimplement(实施).(点击量超过350万次，共享量超过1.7万次，人们可以激励更多的超市去实施这个想法。)”可知，互联网是激励用叶子包装的影响因素之一。故选A项。【11题详解】推理推断题。第四段中“Manyproductscometothesupermarketspre-packagedandmanycompaniesareinterestedinwrappingtheirproduceinplasticsinceitisthecheapestandtheeasiestoption.”提到，很多产品进入超市时都是预先包装好的，很多公司对用塑料包装产品感爱好，因为这是最便宜和最简洁的选择，结合最终一段中“Ifeveryoneoptsforthebananaleafpackaging,theywillprobablystopstockingtheitemsinplastic.”可知，假如每个人都选择香蕉叶包装，他们可能会停止用塑料储存商品。由此可推知，推动叶子包装须要人们的共同努力。故选B项。DIfyou'veeverwatchedPlanetEarth,youknowtheoceanisawildplacetolive.Thewaterisfullofdifferentecosystemsandorganismsvaryingincomplexityfromaneruditeoctopustoaseastar.Unexpectedly,itistheseastar,asimpleorganismcharacterizedbyadecentralized(分散的)nervoussystem,thatoffersinsightsintoadvancedadaptationtohydrodynamicforces—theforcescreatedbywaterpressureandflow.Researchersfoundthatseastarseffectivelystayattachedtosurfacesunderextremehydrodynamicloadsbyalteringtheirshape.Seastarscreatea"downforce"duetotheirshape.Thismeanthatinsteadofbeingliftedbytheflowforces,theseastarsarepusheddownwardtowardtherockorfloorsurfacetheyareon."Seastarsareincrediblyadaptive,"saidLuhar,assistantprofessor.“Whenthereishighwaveactivityandhighwaterforces,seastarswillgrowskinnierandtakeonalowerprofile(姿态).Whentheseastaristransportedtoashelteredenvironmentwithlowerhydrodynamicforces,theypopupabitandtheircrosssectionsgetbigger."Understandingsuchshapeshiftingcouldhelpdesignunderwaterrobotsthatcansimilarlyadapttoextremehydrodynamicenvironments,Luharsaid.Theresearcherstestedthisunderstandingofseastarshapeanditsimpactonforceinthewaterwithbothcomputationaland3-Dprintedmodels.“Rightawaywhatwenoticed,"Luharsaid,"isthatinsteadoftheseastarsbeingpulledawayfromthesurfacestheywereon,theywerebeingpusheddown-simplybecauseoftheirshape."Luharsaidtheresearcherssawthisdownforceeffectaskeytohowtheseastar-andinthefuture,anunderwaterrobotcouldstayattchedtoaseabedorarockasopposedtobeingliftedupawayfromit,eveninthemostextremeconditions.12.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatimpressesusmostaboutaseastar?A.Itssimpleorganism. B.Itsgreatadaptation.C.Itsnervoussystem. D.Isphysicalappearance.13Howdoesaseastarmanagetostaywhereitisunderextremewaterflow?A.Bycreatingupwardforce. B.Byshiftingitsshape.C.Byliftingitselfupward. D.Byexpandingitssize.14.Whatistherealvalueofthefindingsabouttheseastar?A.Wecandevelop3-Dprintedmodels.B.Wecanattachseastarstotheseabed.C.Wecanmaketechnologicaladvances.D.Wecanchangetheextremeconditions.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ACanwemakearobotadaptiveunderwater?B.Areseastarsincrediblyadvancedcreatures?C.Arescientistsabletodesignunderwaterrobot?D.Canwetransformseastars'shapeveryflexibly?【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述探讨人员发觉，在极端的水动力载荷下，海星通过变更形态而有效地附着在表面，这种发觉能够帮助我们设计能够同样适应极端水动力环境的水下机器人。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“Unexpectedly,itistheseastar,asimpleorganismcharacterizedbyadecentralized(分散的)nervoussystem,thatoffersinsightsintoadvancedadaptationtohydrodynamicforces—theforcescreatedbywaterpressureandflow.(出乎意料地，正是海星，一种特征是分散的神经系统的简洁的有机体，让我们对高级的适应水动力的实力有了深化了解——水动力是由水压和水流产生的力)”可知，海星给我们印象最深的是它的适应实力。故选B。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“Researchersfoundthatseastarseffectivelystayattachedtosurfacesunderextremehydrodynamicloadsbyalteringtheirshape.(探讨人员发觉，在极端的水动力载荷下，海星通过变更形态而有效地附着在表面)”可知，海星依靠变更形态待在极端水流下。故选B。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段“Understandingsuchshapeshiftingcouldhelpdesignunderwaterrobotsthatcansimilarlyadapttoextremehydrodynamicenvironments,Luharsaid.(Luhar说，理解这种形态变更可以帮助我们设计能够同样适应极端水动力环境的水下机器人)”可知，对海星的这个发觉能让我们设计出更先进的机器人，即推动技术进步。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章前三段主要讲解并描述对海星的探讨，探讨人员发觉，在极端的水动力载荷下，海星通过变更形态而有效地附着在表面，接下来起先讲解并描述这种发觉能够帮助我们设计能够同样适应极端水动力环境的水下机器人。由此可知，文章主要在讲解并描述我们能不能设计出能适应水下极端环境的机器人。故选A。其次节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbecomeabigissueinthedevelopedworld.However,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.____16____Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.____17____Afterall,theydogetridofstuffthat'spastitssell-by-dateandtheyoftenrefusetosellvegetablesorfruitthatarethewrongshapeorlookdamaged.They'vealsobeencriticizedforencouragingcustomerstobuymorethantheyneedthroughpromotionssuchas'buyonegetonefree'.________18________InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwastecomesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.Soinsteadofflingourbelliesourfoodisfillinguplandfillsite—it'sburiedandlefttorot.Unfortunatelythiscausesgreenhousegaseswhicheventuallyleadstoglobalwarmingandclimatechange.InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtohandlethisproblem.Shefoundthatpeoplewerebuyingmorethantheyneededandthrowingtoomuchaway.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinbulk(大量)sothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.Sheproducedaleftoverscookbookandshe’snowsetupaneducationprogrammeinschools.____19____Clearlyweneedtothinktwicewhenweputsomethinginourshoppingtrolleyandwhenwerealthomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftovers.____20____A.Butthebiggestwrongdoerforcreatingfoodwasteisus.B.Thishashelpedcreateasignificant25%reductioninfoodwaste.C.Wecanevenshareourleftoverfoodwithourfriendsandneighbors.D.It’sashockingfactthatathirdoftheworld’sfoodiswastedeachyear.E.Tenmillionpeopleareshortoffoodandsufferfromstarvationeveryyear.F.Youmaythinksupermarketsarethemaincontributorstothismountainoffood.G.Ormaybe,you'reshoppingmoreefficiently,onlybuyingwhatyouneedeveryday.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.B20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了世界上食物奢侈现象，并给出我们节约食物的建议。【16题详解】上文“Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbecomeabigissueinthedevelopedworld.However,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.(在发达国家，扔掉不想要的食物已经成为一个大问题。然而，世界其他地区的人们正面临粮食短缺和饥饿)”说明世界上有的地方粮食短缺而有的地方却在奢侈食物，选项D“世界上每年有三分之一的食物被奢侈，这是一个令人震惊的事实。”用数字说明食物奢侈这个事实，引出下文“Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.(实际的数字是13亿吨食物，这足以养活10亿饥饿的人)”进一步说明这三分之一的详细数额。选项中athirdoftheworld’sfoodiswasted和上文中Throwingawayunwantedfood语义相关。故选D项。【17题详解】下文“Afterall,theydogetridofstuffthat'spastitssell-by-dateandtheyoftenrefusetosellvegetablesorfruitthatarethewrongshapeorlookdamaged.(终归，他们会处理过保质期的东西，而且他们通常会拒绝出售形态错误或看起来受损的蔬菜或水果)”说明超市或商店会扔掉很多过期的或受损的食物，选项F“你可能会认为超市是积累如山的食物的主要来源。”和下文存在因果关系，说明你因为看到超市处理一些食品，所以可能会认为超市里食物积累如山。下文中they指代选项中的supermarkets，语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选F项。【18题详解】下文“InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwastecomesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.(在欧洲，令人难以置信的是，53%的食物奢侈来自家庭，这导致每年产生8800万吨食物奢侈)”用实际事例说明在欧洲食物奢侈有一半以上来自家庭，选项A“但是造成食物奢侈的罪魁祸首是我们自己。”概括说明食物奢侈的根源就是我们自己。选项中us和下文中households语义相关，通顺合理。故选A项。【19题详解】上文“Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinbulk(大量)sothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.Sheproducedaleftoverscookbookandshe’snowsetupaneducationprogrammeinschools.(她劝服一些超市停止批量出售食品，这样人们就可以只买他们须要的东西。她还制作了一本剩菜食谱，现在她在学校设立了一个教化项目)”讲解并描述了她为了帮助削减食物奢侈而奔跑呼吁，选项B“这有助于削减25%的食物奢侈。”承接上文，阐明上文中所描述SelinaJuul的行动产生的削减食物奢侈的成效。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Clearlyweneedtothinktwicewhenweputsomethinginourshoppingtrolleyandwhenwerealthomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftovers.(明显，我们须要三思，当我们把东西放进购物车时，当我们回家时，我们应当充分利用我们所拥有的食物——运用食谱，用完我们的剩菜)”说明我们买东西时要算计清晰，充分利用全部的食物，用完我们的剩菜。选项C“我们甚至可以和我们的挚友和邻居共享剩饭。”承接上文，接着建议我们假如不能用完剩菜，可以和挚友共享多余的饭菜。选项中leftoverfood和上文中leftovers描述对象一样。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MygrandmotherwasfromatowninMichigan.Iwasfromthecityand___21___thesmalltowntheylivedin.Peoplekneweveryone.The___22___withthemcontinuedtogrowasIgotolder.Grandmawasalwaysusingher___23___forsomethingexciting...Shewouldmakelittlesandwiches,she’dplantflowersandcarefully___24___them.Irememberthesmallthimble(顶针)shewouldusewhiledoingherneedlework.Afewyearsago,whenGrandma___25___,IbidfarewelltoalovingGrandmother...Howquicklyourlivescanchange.Imissedherverymuch,butI___26___itmostlyonabirthday,___27___therewasnocardfromGrandma.She'dneverforgottenmybirthday!Ononeparticularbirthday,somethinghappenedtomakemefeellikeshewas___28___thatspecialdaywithme.Iwas___29___somecolorfulpillowsthatshehadmade,and___30___Ifeltsomethinginsideonepillow.Imovedtheobjecttoaseam(接缝)thatIcarefullyopened,andtomy___31___outcameatinysilverthimble!HowhappyIwastofindsomethingthathadbeenapartofher.IcarefullylaidthethimblealongsidetheothersI’ve___32___overtheyears,whereIcouldcontinuetoseethe___33___Godchosetorevealtome.Whata___34___memoryofaveryspecialladywhosomehow,Iknew,waslaughingindelightat___35___herthimbleinsidemypillow.21.A.approached B.loved C.influenced D.respected22.A.bond B.habit C.business D.concern23.A.needles B.minds C.hands D.tools24.A.tend B.move C.change D.examine25.A.turnedout B.turnedaway C.passedout D.passedaway26.A.expected B.noticed C.suspected D.recalled27.A.though B.before C.unless D.as28.A.sharing B.preparing C.remembering D.discussing29.A.producing B.exchanging C.arranging D.perceiving30.A.gradually B.suddenly C.frequently D.immediately31.A.shock B.delight C.embarrassment D.regret32.A.missed B.collected C.touched D.covered33.A.luck B.lesson C.gift D.chance34.A.curious B.serious C.delicious D.precious35.A.sewing B.sticking C.packing D.mixing【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.B32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】本文是记叙文。作者通过奶奶生活的点滴以及她的银顶针对作者的影响，表达了作者和奶奶之间浓浓的亲情。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来自城市，宠爱他们居住的小镇。A.approached接近；B.loved宠爱；C.influenced影响；D.respected敬重。依据下文“Peoplekneweveryone.The2withthemcontinuedtogrowasIgotolder.”可知，镇上的人们彼此熟识，而且越长大，和他们的感情越深，所以作者是很宠爱祖父母住的小镇，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我和他们之间的关系不断加深。A.bond联系；关系；B.habit习惯；C.business商业；D.concern担忧；关切。结合上题分析可知，作者很宠爱祖父母住的小镇，也应当是很宠爱和他们住在一起，结合选项，此处应当表示，随着作者年龄增长，随着和他们接触的时间越久，他们之间的关系就越深厚，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶总是用手做一些令人兴奋的事。A.needles针；B.minds思维；头脑；C.hands手；D.tools工具。依据下文“Shewouldmakelittlesandwiches,she’dplantflowersandcarefully4them.Irememberthesmallthimble(顶针)shewouldusewhiledoingherneedlework.”可知这些好玩的事包括做三明治，种花，照看花，以及做针线活，而这些活动都是须要用手做的，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会做一些小三明治，她会种花并细心照料它们。A.tend照料；B.move移动；C.change变更；D.examine考查；检验。此空后宾语them代指的是空前的“flowers”，结合选项，种花之后应当是照料花，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几年前，奶奶去世时，我和慈祥的奶奶告辞。A.turnedout结果是；B.turnedaway拒绝……进入；C.passedout昏迷；D.passedaway去世。空后“IbidfarewelltoalovingGrandmother”提到我向奶奶告辞，表示永别，所以此处表示奶奶去世了，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我特别惦念她，但我留意到这主要是在一个生日，因为没有来自奶奶的卡片。A.expected期望；B.noticed留意到；意识到；C.suspected怀疑；D.recalled回忆起。依据语境，可知此空后宾语it代指的是“我惦念奶奶”。再依据空后“7therewasnocardfromGrandma.”以及“She'dneverforgottenmybirthday!”可知，奶奶在世时，从不遗忘作者生日。现在，又到了生日的时候，再也收不到奶奶的祝愿了，所以在这一天作者会特殊的思念奶奶，会清晰地感受到、意识到自己对奶奶的思念之情，故选B。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.though尽管；B.before在……之前；C.unless除非；D.as因为。结合上题分析以及句意，可知此空后句子是空前句子的缘由，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个特殊的生日，发生了一件事，让我觉得她和我共同度过那个特殊的日子。A.sharing共享；共有；B.preparing打算；C.remembering记得；D.discussing探讨。依据下文“HowhappyIwastofindsomethingthathadbeenapartofher.”可知，在作者生日这一天，找到了属于奶奶的东西，作者特别兴奋，他认为这个东西就是礼物，所以他觉得奶奶和他“共享”了这特殊日子，也就是陪作者共同过这个生日，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在整理她做的艳丽的枕头，突然我感觉到一个枕头里有什么东西。A.producing生产；B.exchanging交换；C.arranging整理；D.perceiving留意到。依据此空宾语“somecolorfulpillowsthatshehadmade”以及下文“10Ifeltsomethinginsideonepillow.”，结合选项，可知，作者是在整理奶奶之前做的枕头时，发觉了枕头里有东西，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.gradually渐渐地；B.suddenly突然；C.frequently频繁地；D.immediately马上。依据句意，作者在整理枕头时，没有想到发觉了枕头有东西，这样的发觉对作者来说是突然的，故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它移到一条接缝上，当心地打开，让我兴奋的是出来了一个小小的银顶针！A.shock震惊；B.delight兴奋；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.regret后悔；缺憾。依据下文“HowhappyIwastofindsomethingthathadbeenapartofher.”可知，作者是很兴奋找到了曾属于奶奶的东西，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当心翼翼地把顶针放在我多年来收集的其他东西旁边，在这个顶针里我可以接着看到上帝选择给我的礼物。A.missed惦念；错过；B.collected收集；C.touched触摸；D.covered覆盖。此空是定语从句“I’ve12overtheyears”中的动词，先行词是theothers，充当此动词的宾语，再依据句意以及选项，可知此处表示我多年来收集的其他东西，我把刚找到的顶针和这些收集的东西放在了一起。收集这些旧物，是对亲人怀念的一种方式。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.luck运气；B.lesson课；阅历；教训；C.gift礼物；D.chance机会。依据上文语境可知，之前每个生日，作者都会收到奶奶的礼物——卡片。奶奶去世后，作者在生日这天找到了曾属于挚爱的奶奶的顶针，作者觉得这是上帝代表奶奶选择送给他的生日礼物，故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是有关这位特殊的女士多么宝贵的记忆啊，我知道，她把顶针缝进我的枕头时，不知为什么，笑得很快乐。A.curious新奇的；B.serious肃穆的；严峻的；C.delicious美味的；D.precious宝贵的。结合语境以及选项可知，作者和奶奶感情深厚，在奶奶去世后，作者在自己生日这天找到了曾属于奶奶的顶针，这种和奶奶相关的记忆是多么的宝贵，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.sewing缝；B.sticking刺；C.packing包装；整理（行李）；D.mixing混合。依据上文“Imovedtheobjecttoaseam(接缝)thatIcarefullyopened,andtomy11outcameatinysilverthimble!”可知，作者是在枕头里发觉的顶针，所以可推想，应当是奶奶在做枕头时，不当心把顶针缝进了枕头里，故选A。其次节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withthesummerseasongraduallyfadingoutofourlife,schoolsanduniversitiesarepreparingtoopen.WhileChina____36____(overcome)thewo