专题03阅读理解-5年（2018-2022）中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编

5年（20182022）中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编（北京专用）专题03阅读理解（2022年北京市中考英语真题）AWHOISYOURROLEMODEL?WHY?MyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.Ioftenseeherridingherbikeintheparkandshealsospendstimedoingvolunteerwork.Shehelpsmeunderstandthatpeoplewon’tbeoldiftheystillhaveagreatloveforlife.AdamImissMrs.Whitemostafterprimaryschool.Shewasourmathteacherandalwayspatientwithus.Shehelpedustoworkouttheanswersourselves,nomatterhowdifficultthequestionswere.SoMrs.Whiteismyrolemodel,andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuture.BettyNormanBethunewasaCanadiandoctor.In1938,Dr.BethunecametoChinaandhelpedtreatthewounded.Heoftenworkedveryhardwithoutresting.Once,hemanagedtosaveoveronehundredlivesinsixtyninehours.HeisstillrememberedinbothChinaandCanadatoday.Soheismyrolemodel.PeterYuanLongpingismyrolemodel.Heisoneofthegreatestagricultural(农业的)scientistsofourtime.Heworkedhardtogrowbetterricetosolvetheproblemsoffoodshortage.ItissadthatMr.Yuanhasleftus,buthisdreamsarecarriedbymanyplantandagriculturalresearches.Emma21．WhoisEmma’srolemodel?A．Ms.Li. B．Mrs.White.C．NormanBethune. D．YuanLongping.22．WhatdoesBettywanttobeinthefuture?A．Ateacher. B．Ascientist. C．Adoctor. D．Avolunteer.23．WhatdoweknowaboutMs.Li?A．Sheworkedinahospital.B．Shesolvedthefoodproblems.C．Sheisoldinagebutyoungatheart.D．Sheisverypatientwithherstudents.【答案】21．D22．A23．C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，分别是四位介绍自己的榜样是谁，以及原因。21．细节理解题。根据第四栏中“YuanLongpingismyrolemodel.”可知，袁隆平是艾玛的榜样，故选D。22．细节理解题。根据第二栏中“andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuture”可知，贝蒂以后想成为一名老师，故选A。23．细节理解题。根据第一栏中“MyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.”可知，李奶奶已经八十多岁了，但内心仍很年轻。故选C。（2022年北京市中考英语真题）BIjoinedaband（乐队）asadrummerinmymiddleschool.Ithoughtitwouldbefunplayingthedrumandmeetingnewfriends.Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.Iwastheonlyonewhocouldn’tkeeppace（节奏）withtheotherplayers.Ourteacher,Angie,singledmeouttokeeppracticingwhileeveryoneelsegottorelax.Ifeltashamed（羞愧的）asmyteammateswatchedmefailsomanytimes.FinallyIgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdidn’tcareaboutdoingitright.“Areyougivinguponme.Steve?”Angieasked.“Yes,Iam,”Ishouted.AngiesentmeinsidethemusicroomwhereIcriedout.Thenshecameinandsaid.“Don’tbesad.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit!”Shetoldmenevertogiveup.SheleftmealoneandIrealizedAngiewasright—bygivingup,Iwasalsogivingupontheteamandmyself.Withherfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.However,Istillcouldn’tplaywell.Knowingmydifficulties,myteammatesgavemeahand.Theyspentaboutthreemorehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegantokeeppacewiththem.Later,weperformedwonderfullyinanimportantshow.Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.Ifeltacceptedandmadegreatprogress.Iloveeveryoneintheband.Ican’timaginewhatmyschoollifewouldbelikewithoutthem.24．Onemonthafterhejoinedtheband,Stevefeltplayingthedrumwas_________.A．funny B．helpful C．noisy D．difficult25．WithAngie’sfort,Stevedecidedto_________.A．haveagoodrest B．goonpracticingC．giveothersahand D．startanotherband26．Fromhisexperience,Stevelearnedabout________.A．thevalueofteamwork B．theeffectofshowsC．theimportanceofhobbies D．thepowerofmusic【答案】24．D25．B26．A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲作者在学习敲鼓的过程中遇到困难，差点放弃，在老师和团队成员的鼓励下他坚持下来了。24．细节理解题。根据“butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.”可知一个月后Steve觉得敲鼓是困难的。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据“Withherfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.”可知在老师的鼓励下，他决定继续练习。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据“Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.”可知Steve学会了团队合作的价值。故选A。（2022年北京市中考英语真题）CWhatdoesitmeantobegreen?Greenismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Buyingagreenproductisasmallstepeveryonecantake.Decidingwhetheraproductisgreen,however,isn’talwayseasy.Weneedtoconsiderthewholelifecycleoftheproductevenafterit’sofnouse.Hereiswhatwemaykeepinmind.Thematerialsofaproductareusuallyourfirstfocus(关注).Whatisitmadeof?Arethereanyharmfulchemicalsinit?Greenproductsaremadeofmorenaturalmaterialswhicharefreefromharmfulchemicals,sotheycanbegoodforourphysicalhealth.Packagingisimportant.Howisaproductpackaged?Isitoverpackaged?We’dbetterchooseglass,metalandpaperpackaging,asthesecanbereusedormoreeasilyrecycled(回收利用).Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbaggedproductswheneverpossible.Location(地点)matters.Wherewasaproductproduced?Wherearewebuyingit?Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochooselocalproducts.Whenitestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocalfarmer,shopatmarketsandbuyfruitsinseason.Buyingfromstoresnearourhousesisalsoagoodchoice,becausewecangotherewithoutdrivingacar.Lookintowhatthepanytellsusabouttheirproduct.It’seasytosaythataproductis“green”or“allnatural”butthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.Afterall,paniestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thegreenestthingiscertainlytheonewedon’tbuy.Thingslikefoodandclothingarenecessaryforlife.Butmanyothersarenot.Betterthanbuyingischoosingtoleaveanunnecessaryproductinthestoreanddoingwithout.Itsendsamessagetotheproducer,keepsmoneyinourpockets,reduces(减少)wasteandkeepstheplanethealthy.27．Thewriterwouldsuggestchoosingaproductthatis________.A．overpackaged B．deliveredfromabroadC．locallyproduced D．madeofunnaturalmaterials28．Thewords“betakenwithagrainofinsalt”Paragraph5probablymean“________”.A．beeasilyunderstood B．notbepletelybelievedC．bewidelyspread D．notbequicklyforgotten29．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．BuyingGreen B．RecyclingWasteC．KeepingHealthy D．ReducingEnergyUse【答案】27．C28．B29．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。27．推理判断题。根据“Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochooselocalproducts.Whenitestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocalfarmer,...”可知，作者建议选择当地生产的产品，故选C。28．词句猜测题。分析“So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.Afterall,paniestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentallyresponsible.”可知，公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责，但是我们应该秉持一个怀疑的态度，此处“betakenwithagrainofsalt”的意思是“不被完全相信”，故选B。29．最佳标题题，本文作者通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。选项A“BuyingGreen”符合主题，故选A。（2022年北京市中考英语真题）DAPathway(路径)toMeaninginLifeWhenitestoameaningfullife,wemightthinkoflove,happinessandhealth.Alifefilledwithmeaningiswhatmostofuswantforourselves.Then,whatmakesameaningfullife?Manyresearchersagreethatameaningfullifeesdowntothreefactors(因素):havinglongtermgoals,believingthatone’slifematters,andfeelingthatone’slifefitstogetherand“makessense”.Butwebelievethereismoretoconsider.Sometimeslifeenablesustoexperiencesmallmomentsofbeauty.Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating(欣赏)suchexperiences,thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperientialappreciation(EA).EAisaboutthepersonfeelingconnectedtoeventsandbeingabletoappreciatethevaluewithintheconnection.Itshowsthediscoveryofandadmirationforlife’sbeauty.WerecentlysetouttobetterunderstandEAinstudies.WewereinterestedinwhetherEAwasalsotiedtogeneraljudgmentofmeaninginlife.Ifso,itcouldbeafactorformeaningfulness.Inthefirststudy,wehadpeoplerate(评估)theirsupportfordifferentmethodsofreducingstress.Wefoundthatpeoplewhomanagedstressbyfocusingontheirappreciationforlife’sbeautyalsoreportedexperiencinglifeashighlymeaningful.Inthenextstudy,weaskedpeopletoratethedegreetowhichtheyagreedwithvariousstatements,suchas“Iappreciatethebeautyoflife”and“Iappreciatelittlethingsinlife,”aswellasotherstatementsthatrelatedtothethreefactorsandageneralsenseofmeaninginlife.Ourresultsshowedthatthemorepeoplereportedthattheywere“appreciatinglife”anditsmanyexperiences,themoretheyfelttheirlifewasvaluable.Inthefollowingstudies,wefurtherlookedattheconnectionbetweenEAandmeaningfulness.Forexample,wefoundthatpeoplewhowereaskedtolookbackonthemostmeaningfuleventofthepastweekgenerallyreportedhighEAinthosemoments.Alltheresultsprovedourtheory(假设)true.Butputtingitintopracticecanbedifficult.Ourfastpacedlifestylesfillthedaywithgoals.Wetrytogetthehighestoutputbothatworkandinsparetime.Thisfocusonfutureoutesmakesitalltooeasytomisswhatishappeningrightnow.Weshouldslowdownandletlifesurpriseus.30．YouweremostprobablyintheEAconditionwhen_________.A．youmadeatravelplanfortheingholidayB．youhurriedtoservethecustomersinthestoreC．youpracticedhardtobeethebestviolinistD．youstoppedtoadmiretherosesbytheroadside31．Whatcanwelearnfromthestudiesmentionedinthepassage?A．Thinkingbacktothepastweakensoursenseofmeaning.B．Enjoyingsmallthingscaninfluenceourattitudetowardlife.C．Properstressmanagementisthekeytolivingasatisfyinglife.D．Goodjudgmentonbeautyimprovesconnectionsamongpeople.32．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Itiseasierforresultsdrivenpeopletoachievesuccess.B．Weoftenturnablindeyetothepresentmoment.C．Afastpacedlifestylehelpsusreachourgoals.D．Futurelifewillbringusmanymoresurprises.33．Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainhowtodiscoverbeautyinlife.B．Todiscusswhatthetruemeaningoflifeis.C．Tointroduceanewfactorforameaningfullife.D．Toparedifferentfactorsformeaningfulness.【答案】30．D31．B32．D33．B【解析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论是什么让生活变得有意义。30．推理判断题。根据“Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating(欣赏)suchexperiences,thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperientialappreciation(EA).”可知，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法，我们称之为体验欣赏。选项D“你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰”符合，故选D。31．推理判断题。根据“Sometimeslifeenablesustoexperiencesmallmomentsofbeauty.Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating(欣赏)suchexperiences,thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.”可知，生活让我们体验到美丽的小瞬间，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法。故选B。32．段落大意题。根据“Weshouldslowdownandletlifesurpriseus.”可知，我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜。所以最后一段告诉我们未来的生活将给我们带来更多的惊喜，故选D。33．主旨大意题。本文主要讨论是什么让生活变得有意义，故选B。2021年北京中考真题三、阅读单选AYoungHeroesforthePlanetNowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.SavingPandasWhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger.“Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareaboutpandas,”Jacksays.GrowingRightKathy,14,setupanorganizationtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealsowroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsarenativeto(本土的)theirarea.CreatingEnergyAttheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectricity(电),Lindasaysherinventioncreateselectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.CleaningUpPatrick,13,joinedtheOceanHeroesCamplastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticwastearoundnearbylakeswithhisfriends.Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.21．Whostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?A．Jack. B．Kathy. C．Linda. D．Patrick.22．HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14.23．WhatwasthegoalofPatrick’sproject?A．Tofightplasticpollution. B．ToprotectpandasindangerC．Tolearnaboutnativeplants. D．Touseheattomakeelectricity.【答案】21．A22．B23．A【分析】现在世界上的人们都在努力保护我们的星球，本文介绍了四位正在改变世界的人。21．细节理解题。根据“WhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.”可知，Jack创办了一个组织去教孩子们关于熊猫的知识。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据“Attheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.”可知，Linda发明SuperE的时候12岁。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据“Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.”可知，Patrick项目目标是对抗塑料垃圾。故选A。BWhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned(指派)tobefriendswiththesecondgradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn’tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies.ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetime,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,“Shelley,nowyoucancoloratanytime.”Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatIfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle(战役)formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn’tknowhowmuchIwashurting.Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornot.Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,“Thankyou.”Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.Lookingbackatthis,I’minawe(惊叹),becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn’talone.Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.24．WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?A．Cold. B．Lazy. C．Noisy. D．Slow.25．InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter________.A．wroteherabook B．madeheratoy C．drewherapicture D．toldherastory26．Shelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat________.A．herteacherslovedher B．herclassmateswerekindC．thewriterunderstoodher D．shehadtostudyevenharder【答案】24．A25．D26．C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者帮助一个不爱讲话的女孩Shelley变得更加开朗的故事，作者惊叹于Shelley的改变，因为作者认为自己所做的就是让Shelley知道自己并不孤单。24．细节理解题。根据“ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.”可知，作者第一次见到Shelley时，她沉默而冷漠。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据“Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.”和“OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.”可知，为了接近Shelley，作者给她讲了一个故事。故选D。26．推理判断题。根据“Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.”，“Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.”和“Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.”可知，Shelley改变了很多是因为她意识到作者理解她。故选C。CSchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetablesIt’snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren’svegetableintake(摄入量).HowtheStudyWasCarriedOutThestudywascarriedoutineightschools.Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades35receivedatotalofeighteen60minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGetThestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases(慢性疾病).Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed(接触)tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier.”Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,”explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.28Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful.“Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it’simportanttoencouragethisinterest,”saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether.Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessages.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodesfrom.Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.27．Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?A．Theydidresearchonnewplants. B．Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.C．Theytookhomegreenvegetables D．Theybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.28．WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?A．IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHomeB．WaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHomeC．ReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildrenD．SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParents29．Whatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?A．Parents’supportmightimprovechildren’sreading.B．Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents’creativity.C．Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.D．Handsonexperiencemayinfluencechildren’spreference.【答案】27．B28．B29．D【分析】本文介绍了在学校花园里让学生自己种植蔬菜的好处。27．细节理解题。根据“Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables”可知，在该项目中，每一所学校都建了一个花园，孩子们在那里学会种植自己的新鲜农产品，故选B。28．句意猜测题。根据“Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful”及整段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了从不同方面鼓励孩子们多吃蔬菜的方法，故选B。29．推理判断题。根据“Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce”可知，教孩子们自己种植农产品是增加他们对农产品偏好的一个很好的方法，所以实践经验可能会影响孩子的偏好，故选D。DNatureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物种).Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗争)againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt(适应),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting(打猎).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons(武器)isrelatedtothatadaptationfromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture.However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage.30．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Culturebelongstohumannature.B．Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.C．Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.D．Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.31．WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?A．Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.B．Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.C．Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.D．Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.32．Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit33．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenatureculturerelationship?A．Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.B．Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.C．Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.D．Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.【答案】30．D31．C32．B33．C【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。30．段落大意题。根据“Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗争)againsthumannature.”和“Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据“Consider,forexample,hunting(打猎).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新的和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。故选C。32．词义猜测题。分析“Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”，故选B。33．观点态度题。根据“Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选C。2020年北京中考真题AHelpingSeniors(老年人)MattPosted5/15/204：53PMIcreatedTeensHelpingSeniorswithmyfriends.Thegrouphasabout200volunteers.Thevolunteersdeliverfoodorothersuppliesfortheelderlyintown.Ispendsixtoeighthoursaweekbuyingfoodandmakingdeliveries.Bynowwehavepleted350deliveries.LindaPosted5/15/206：25PMIorganizedMittlerSeniorTechnology,aprogramtohelptheelderlylearnhowtouseputersandsmartphones.Nowthereare50localseniorsintheweeklytechnologyclasses.Iwanttomakesurethattheseniorscouldstayconnectedtotheworld.JordanPosted5/16/205:20PMIcameupwithawaytohelplonelyseniorswithmyfriends.WecallittheJoy4AllProject.Bydialing5694255,theelderlycanhearprerecordedjokesandpoems.Thehotlinehasreceivedmorethan1,800phonecalls.KathyPosted5/16/207:46PMIheardthattheseniorsinthenursinghomecouldn’tseetheirfamiliesandfriendsveryoften,somyfriendsandIdecidedtocheeruptheelderlybywritingthemletters.Wewantthemtoknowthatnobodyisbeingforgotten.Bynowmorethan100studentsinmyschoolhavejoinedus.21.WhocreatedTeensHelpingSeniors?A.Kathy. B.Linda. C.Jordan. D.Matt.22.Howmanylocalseniorsarethereintheweeklytechnologyclasses?A.50. B.100. C.200. D.350.23.Tohelptheelderlyinthenursinghome,Kathyandherschoolmates_________.A.taughtthemhowtouseputersB.recordedjokesandpoemforthemC.wrotethemletterstocheerthemupD.deliveredfoodorothersuppliesforthem【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】21.细节理解题。根据“Matt…….IcreatedTeensHelpingSeniorswithmyfriends.”可知，马特创建了青少年帮助老年人的组织，故选D。22.细节理解题。根据“Nowthereare50localseniorsintheweeklytechnologyclasses.”可知，现在有50名当地的老年人参加每周的科技课程。故选A。23.细节理解题。根据“Iheardthattheseniorsinthenursinghomecouldn’tseetheirfamiliesandfriendsveryoften,somyfriendsandIdecidedtocheeruptheelderlybywritingthemletters.”可知，为了帮助疗养院里的老人，凯西和她的同学们给他们写信使他们高兴起来。故选C。BADayattheNatureCenterEmmastared(凝视)sadlyoutofthewindowofthebus.Only50milesoutsidetownwasthefarm.Shethoughtaboutthefarmallthetime,especiallytheanimals.Whenherfamilysoldthefarmandmovedtonearbytown,Emmawasexcited.Butwhenshegottothenewschool,shefeltverylonely.Withasigh(叹气),Emmaturnedherattentionbacktothepresent.Thebuscametoastop.“WeletotheLeinweberNatureCenter,”herteachersaid.“Aguidewillgiveusapresentationaboutanimals,andthenyou’llhelptofeedthebabysquirrels,now,Iwanteveryonetofindapartner.”Emmadidn’thaveanyfriendsyet—whowouldbeherpartner?EmmagotclosetoJulia,atalkativeandoutgoinggirl.“CouldIbeyourpartner?”Emmaaskeduncertainly.“Sure,”saidJuliawarmly.Together,thegirlswalkedintothecenter.Afterthepresentation,akeepershowedthemhowtoholdthebottleofmilkforbabysquirrels.Thenthegirlsstartedtofeedtheirownbabysquirrels.Afterthebabiesfinishedeating,thekeeperasked,“Wouldyouliketohelpfeedtheadultsquirrels,too?”Emmawasquicktovolunteer,butwhenthekeeperopenedthefirstcage,thesquirrelinsidejumpedout.Emmaremainedcalm(镇静的),heldoutherhand,madequietsounds,andthenquicklygotit.“Wow!”Juliasaid.“You’realwayssoquiet,Ithoughtyouwereafraidofeverything,butyouwerebrave.”“Iknowthatwhenanimalsarefrightenedorexcited,youhavetostaycalm.”ThekeepernoddedinagreementandaskedEmma,“Wouldyoubeinterestedinvolunteeringtohelpoutwiththeanimalsatthecenter?”“Interested?Iwouldlovetoworkhere!Whatanopportunity!”Emmawasexcited.Thatafternoon,inthebusonthewaybacktoschool,EmmasatnexttoJulia,hernewfriend.Arushofnewfoundhappinesswashedoverher.24.HowdidEmmafeelwhenshegottothenewschool?A.Lonely. B.Lucky. C.Surprised. D.Angry.25.Atthenaturecenter,Emmaand