广东省深圳市2019年中考英语真题（含答案）

广东省深圳市2019年中考英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项（共8小题，每小题1分）1．—Whereshallwewatchthelightshowtonight?—OnthetopofLianhuaMountain.It'sinthecentreofourcity.A．back B．middle C．front2．—Sarahseemstobeconfidentaboutherperformancetomorrow.—Sosheis.She'sgottenpreparedforit.A．sorry B．famous C．ready3．—IheardthatyourgrandmalostherwayinDameishayesterday.—Yes.Luckily,akindstrangermanagedtoleadherbackhome.A．take B．pull C．put4．—Whencanwefinishmakingthemodelcar?Wemusthanditinthisafternoon.—Verysoon.Thereisonemoresteptofinishit.A．stair B．post C．stage5．—I'mnotsureifIcopiedtheaddresscorrectly.Canyoucheckitforme?—Noproblem.Let'scheckittogether.A．withoutdifficulty B．withoutinstruction C．withoutmistakes6．—Howwasyourskatinglessonlastweek?—Notbad.AlthoughIfellovermanytimes,Imanagedtoskateatlast.A．intheend B．atpresent C．attimes7．—HowmanyChinesepoemsdidyoulearnbyheartlastterm?—Twenty,mostofthemwerewritteninTangDynasty.A．study B．remember C．research8．—Don'tliearound.Helpmewithsomedishes,Jimmy.—OK.Mum.I'mcominginaminute.A．lookaround B．turnaround C．sitaround二、根据句子意思，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的词语完成句子（共7小题，每小题1分）9．—MissHuangalwaysadvisesustopracticespeakingEnglishafterclass.—Sheisright.Speakingisanimportantlanguage________.A．sign B．skill C．suggestion10．—Wewillhaveabigbasketballgamenextweek,butwestillneedaplayer.—Whydon'tyou________Bryantojointhegame?Heisfantastic.A．invite B．teach C．warn11．—Ilikecountrymusic.It'sreallyexciting.Whataboutyou?—Ipreferelectronicmusic.It'sbecomingmoreandmore________.A．popular B．comfortable C．boring12．—Alan,yourhairissolong.Whydon'tyougoandhaveahaircut?—I'mtoobusytogotoday,butthanksforyouradvice________.A．anytime B．anywhere C．anyway13．—Markhashadtoomuchfriedfood.I'mreally________him.—Me,too.Ithinkheshouldhavemorevegetablesandfruits.A．afraidof B．worriedabout C．unawareof14．—Today,mobilepaymentisveryconvenient.Almosteveryoneisusingit.—That'strue.Wedon'tevenneedto________moneyfromthebank.A．takeout B．takeoff C．takeup15．—Iamreallynervousaboutthetalentshowtonight.It'smyfirsttimeonshow.—________!Youcanmakeit.Wewillallsupportyou.A．Ofcourse B．Comeon C．Thankgoodness三、完形填空（15分）16．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。Nowadays,lotsofforeignersarelearningChinese.Likemanyofthem,I（1）knewtwowordsofChinese("NiHao"and"XieXie")whenIfirstcametoBeijing,Chinain2009.Asyoucanguess,mylifewas（2）forawhileafterIarrived.Simpletaskslikeorderingfoodortakingataxiwerequitestressful.IknewIhadtolearnmoreChinese,soI（3）aChineseclass.Myteacherwas（4）,althoughIdidn'tlearnenoughtohavearealconversation.LaterIstudiedonmyownaswell,butmyprogresswasstillslow.AndIdecidedto（5）.Aroundthistime,IstartedplayinginabandwithaChinesemanwhobecameoneofmybestfriendsinBeijing.Hetaughtmealotof（6）aboutmusic,suchas"melody".HelearnedalotofEnglishfrommeinreturn,soitwasagoodwayto（7）languageandculture.IhavelearnedenoughChineseto（8）manyproblemslikebookingtraintickets.Thesedays,therearemoreforeignerswhoarestudyingChinese.Ican（9）whyit'sanamazinglanguage.Finally,Ifoundthatthebestwaytolearna（10）istomakefriendswithnativespeakersandspendtimewiththem.（1）A．usually B．only C．hardly（2）A．easy B．interesting C．difficult（3）A．missed B．attended C．taught（4）A．helpful B．cheerful C．thankful（5）A．makeup B．putup C．giveup（6）A．words B．names C．jokes（7）A．change B．imagine C．exchange（8）A．dealwith B．lookfor C．thinkof（9）A．hope B．realize C．doubt（10）A．language B．subject C．task四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题1.5分）17．阅读理解Sendingpackets,shoppingforeverydaygoodsandevenbuildingahouse,thesearenewskillsthatnewrobotsshowattheWorldRobotExhibition.RoBohoNScientistsarerecommendingthelatesttalkingrobots.Theycanbehighlyintelligentintheirresponses.RoBohoN,just10cmtall,makesalivelydescriptionoftheGreatWallandthePalaceMuseum.ItcanspeakChinese,Englishoranyotherlanguageyoulike.HumanSupportThisrobotstandsat1mtallandlookslikeacontainerwitharms.Itprovidesmuchsupporttodifferentplacesandkeepsintouchwiththeoutsideworldthroughtheinternet.HRP-5PAsworldcitiescontinuedeveloping,therearebuildingsiteseverywhere,buttherearen'tenoughpeopletobuildthem.HRP-5Plookslikeastrongbuilder.Itstandsat1.8mtallandCarriRoCarriRo,intheshapeofatoybus,hasfriendly"eyes"onitsfront.Itworksasapostmanandsendspackagesbyrollingaroundthestreets.IthasaGPStotravel.ThepersonwhoreceivesthepackageissentacodetothesmartphonetoopentheCarriRoandgetthepackage.（1）HowtallistheRoBohoN?A．0.1meter B．1meter C．1.8meter D．101meters（2）WhichRobotisthebesthelpertotheoldpeople'shomes?A．RoBohoN B．HumanSupportRobotC．HRP-5P D．CarriRo（3）HowdoestheownerofthepackageopentheCarriRo?A．byworkingasapostman B．byrollingaroundthestreetC．byfollowingtheGPS D．byusingthecode（4）Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthispassage?A．culture B．sports C．science D．people18．阅读理解AliceLeeisahighschoolstudentstudyingataprivateschool.Sheisdoingsomevoluntaryworkatanafter-schoolprogramtohelpstudentsfrompoorfamilies.Onthefirstdayofherwork,shenoticedthatmanykidswereliningupforfreesandwichesandfruits.Shewassurprised.Oneoftheorganizersexplainsthatmanyofthesestudentsdon'tgetenoughtoeatathome.Soaschoollunchoranafter-mealmightbethemostfoodtheywouldgetalltheday.Shehasalsobeentoldthatsomehungrykidscanreceivefreelunches,butothersareonlyallowedreduced-pricemeals,andthosestudents'familieshavetopayforthepartoftheirfood.Leewasshocked,shedecidedtoofferhelptothosewhoaresufferingfromhunger,"Iwantotherkidstounderstandthatifyouseeaproblem,youdon'thavetowaittobeanadulttofixit,"saysLee.SheandagroupoffriendsareusingtheirprogrammeskilltocreateanewappcalledFoodofThought,whichwillallowparents,students,andevenkind-heartedstrangerstodonatemoneytolunchaccountsforstudentsinanearbyschool.（1）WhatdidAliceLeeseeonthefirstdayofhervoluntarywork?A．Childrenliningupforfreefood. B．Childrenbuyingsandwichesandfruit.C．Childrenlearningcookinginstructions. D．Childrendoingvoluntarywork.（2）Whoshouldpayforthehalf-pricedfood?A．allthehungrychildren B．kind-heartedstrangersC．somepoorfamilies D．primaryschoolstudents（3）Whatwasshedoingtohelpthepoorkids?A．Shetaughtthemforfree. B．Sheopenedalunchaccount.C．Shedevelopedanapptohelpthem. D．Sheofferedfreefood.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Alocalschoolisprovidingfreefoodforstudents. B．Agirlishelpingpoorkidsoutofhunger.C．Anappwillbetestedinaschoolthisfall. D．Agroupofgoodfriendsareworkingataschool.19．阅读理解<o:pThejourneytoandfromschoolisamajorreasonforstressthroughouttheworld.Andthejourneycanevenmakeyousick.Yetonecityhasfoundawaytomakeitstrainjourneysmorecomfortablewhileofferingenjoyablereadingatthesametime,justlikeinalibrary.<o:pOntwotrainlinesinBeijing,theundergroundcars(车厢)havebeenturnedintolibraries,butthey'renottraditionallibraries.Insteadofrealcopiesofbooks,theundergroundcarsprovidee-books.<o:pWhenpassengersgetintothecars,theycanseepicturesofdifferentbookcoversonthewallsandevendoors.Passengerscanbrowse(浏览)thebooksjustlikeinanyotherlibrary.Oncethey'vemadetheirchoice,theycanuseamobilephonetoscantheQRcode(扫二维码)onthecoveroftheirchosenbook.TheQRcodeleadstoane-bookapponwhichthepassengerscanreadthee-bookforfree.Andtheycanstillenjoythebookontheappevenafterleavingthetrain.<o:pThankstotheunderground'sidea,passengerscandiscovernewstorieseverytimetheytakearide.Inthisway,thejourneywillnotbeboringanylonger,andpassengerswillnotcomplainaboutthejourneyeither.Instead,theycanbenefit(受益）alotfromit.<o:pReadinge-bookscanreallymakethejourneymoreenjoyable—it'soneofthethingsthatsuccessfulpassengersusuallydo.lnfact,inthiskindofspeciallibrary,thebookscangoonforever!<o:p（1）Howdopassengersusuallyfeelabouttheirjourneystoandfromwork?A．Comfortable. B．Enjoyable. C．Painful. D．Cheerful.（2）WhichstatementisTRUEaboutpassengersinparagraph3?A．Theyreadpaperbooksonthetrain. B．TheycanbrowsetheQRcodetobuythebooks.C．TheycanscantheQRcodetobuythebooks. D．Theycanenjoythebookontheappaftertheride.（3）Whatdoes"it"refertointheparagraph4?A．Thejourney. B．Thestory.C．Thepassenger. D．Theunderground.（4）Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheBestTrainRide. B．TheEnjoyableJourney.C．TheFutureLibrary. D．TheMovingLibrary.20．阅读理解(Shenzhen,Dec.17th,2018)THEShenzhenInternationalMarathonwasheldyesterday,attractingnearly30,000runnersfromhomeandabroad.Inthemorning,thoughtheskywasdarkwithclouds,itdidnotdiminishtherunners'excitement.TheyallgatheredattheCivicCentresquareat8a.mreadytohittheroad.<o:pThefirstrunnertocrossthefinishlinewasEdwinKoechfromKenyainAfrica,whofinishedthemen'sfull-lengthmarathon(42.195km)in2hours9minutesand44seconds.ThewomanwhofinishedinfirstplacewasMuluSeyfufromEthiopia.Anotherfourmedal(奖牌)winnerswerealsofromAfricancountries.<o:pBesidesourfriendsfromAfricawhosweptallthefull-lengthracemedals,manyotherforeignrunnersalsoshowedtheircharm(魅力)onsiteandspokehighlyoftheShenzhenMarathonfortheservicesprovided<o:pEvgeny,arunnerfromRussia,saidhereallyenjoyedtheraceanditwasthesecondtimethathehadbeenintheShenzhenMarathon."Themarathonisamazing.lreallyliketheroutebecausetheviewsalongShennanRoadarebeautiful.Peopleareniceandhelpful,whichisgood,"hesaid.<o:pAnotherrunnermentionedtheguidanceprovidedbytheorganizerswhenaskedforhisopiniononthemarathon,"It'scleartome,asaforeigner,lknowwhatlshoulddoandwhereIshouldgo,"hesaid."Andit'sverygoodservicefortheplacesalongtheroutetoofferdrinkstotherunners."<o:pMostrunnersexpressedthattheywerehappytoexperiencethefunofrunning.Theytoldthereporterthattheywouldcontinueattheendofnextyeariftheyhadthechance.<o:p（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"diminish"inParagraph1probablymean?A．Tosolvethedifficultproblems. B．Toshowthatsomethingislike.C．Tomakesomethingbecomeless. D．Todiscoversomethingpowerful.（2）Wheredoesthewinnerofthewomen'sfull-lengthmarathoncomefrom?A．Ethiopia. B．Kenya. C．Russia. D．China.（3）WhatisEvgeny'sopiniononthe2018ShenzhenMarathon?A．Itshowsthecharmoftheforeignrunnersonsite.B．Theviewsalongthemarathonroutearebeautiful.C．It'sgreattoofferdrinkstotherunnersalongtheroute.D．Theguidanceprovidedbytheorganizersisclearenough.（4）Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthepassage?A．ThenextShenzhenlnternationalMarathonwillbeheldin2020.B．AlltheAfricanrunnersgotmedalsinthe2018ShenzhenMarathon.C．lttookmostrunnerstwohourstofinishthemen'sfull-lengthmarathon.D．Theorganizersmadecarefulpreparationsforthe2018ShenzhenMarathon.21．阅读理解WhenJustinTongwasachild,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimdoinglotsofhouseworksuchascarryingouttherubbishandsendingnewspapers.Butwhenhegrewup,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodfriendsandlivedahappierandhealthierlife.Thisisthefindingofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456childreninLondon.Itshowedthatthechildrenwhohadworkedhardinchildhoodhadaricherandahappierfuture."Childrenwhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,"saidDanielBrown,thepsychologist(心理学家)whomadethediscovery."Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem."Brown'sstudyfollowedthesechildreningreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderBrown,theresearcherscomparedthechildren'smental-healthscoreswiththeirchildhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Workingatanyageisimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基础)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn'teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,"Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone'swork."（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJustinTong?A．Heenjoyedahappylife. B．Hefeltsorryfortheotherkids.C．Healwayssoldnewspapers. D．Heseldomcollectedrubbish.（2）WhowillprobablysucceedinthefutureaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Childrenwhoenjoyhappierandricherlives. B．Childrenwhoworkinthehomeorcommunity.C．ChildrenwhotakepartinDanielBrown'sstudy. D．Childrenwhofeelgoodaboutpeoplearoundthem.（3）HowdidBrownfollowthechildreninhisstudy?A．Bygivinghouseworkandpraise. B．Byinterviewingandgivingscores.C．Bysettinggoalsandshowinglove. D．Bysolvingproblemsandtestingthem.（4）What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Totalkaboutaninterestingstudy. B．TointroduceJustinTong'ssuccess.C．Totellusaboutchildhoodactivities. D．Toencouragechildrentoworkhard.五、语法填空（10分）22．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。JasonandAndyaretwins.Theysharealotofthings,includingroom,foodandtoys.OneSaturday,JasonandAndywentout(play)withatoycar.Bothofthemwantedtobetheownerofthecar,sotheyshoutedateachother.(They)motherheardtheboysarguing.Shecameoutandtoldthemtotaketurnstoplaywiththetoycar,butthetwinswouldn't.Afewdayslater,Motherbroughtpethome."Can'tweeachhaveourownpetdog?"askedtheboys.Theywere(tire)ofsharingeverything."No!Thedogmust(share)."Mothersaid."Youwillhavetofeedthedogandmakesureitdoesnotgetintoanythingwrong."Severaldayslater,thedoggotintomother'sroom(secret)andmadeamessthere.Jasonsawthedogplayingwithmother'sclothes.HequicklywenttofindAndyandtoldhimthedoghaddone."Oh,no!It'sourdutytocleanupthemess!"(cry)Andy.Theyboyspickeduptheclothesandputthemawayrapidly."Justthink,Jason,"saidAndy,"whatabigmesstwo(dog)wouldmade!""Iagreeyou,"laughedJason,"Maybesharingisn'tsobad!"六、书面表达（15分）23．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony对"中国红"一词很感兴趣，想了解"中国红"在中国人日常生活中的体现，请你根据以下表格信息写一封回信帮助他了解。地位最受欢迎的颜色之一代表幸福，可以带来好运使用场所婚礼，春节等表达方式剪纸，中国结，红包，灯笼提示词：婚礼wedding，中国结ChineseKnot，红包redpacket，代表standforDearTony,It'sgreattoreceiveyourletter.I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutChinesered.ItrulyhopemyletterwillhelpyouunderstandbetteraboutChinesered.Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分1．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——今晚我们去哪里看灯光秀？——莲花山顶，它在我们城市的中心。centre，名词，意为中央；A后面，后部；B中间，中部；C前面，正面。故centre和middle是同义词，故选B。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意centre和middle是同义词。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——莎拉似乎对她明天的表演很有信心。——是的。她已经准备好了。prepared，形容词，意为事先准备好的；A抱歉的，遗憾的；B著名的；C准备好的。故prepared和ready是同义词，故选C。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意prepared和read是同义词。3．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——我听说你奶奶昨天在大梅沙迷路了。——是的，幸运的是，一个好心的陌生人成功将她带回家了。lead，动词，意为带路，引路，引领；A带领；B拉，扯，拽；C放，安置。故lead和take是同义词，故选A。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意lead和take是同义词。4．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——我们什么时候才能完模型车的制作呢？我们必须在今天下午交。——很快，还有一步就可以完成了。step，名词，意为"步骤，步伐"；A楼梯；B岗位；邮件；C阶段，步骤。故step和stage是同义词，故选C。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意step和stage是同义词。5．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——我不确定我是否正确地复制了地址。你能帮我检查一下么？——没问题。我们一起检查吧。correctly，副词，意为"正确地"；A容易地，毫不费力地；B没有指令；C没有错误，故与correctly意思相近的是withoutmistakes，故选C。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意牢记correctly的词义和近义短语。6．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——你上周的滑冰课怎么样？——还好。虽然我摔倒了很多次，但最后还是会滑了。atlast，意为"在最后，最终"；A最后，最终；B现在；C有时，偶尔。故与atlast意思相近的是intheend，故选A。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意识记atlast的同义短语。7．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——一个学期你记住了多少首中国诗词？——二十首，其中大部分是唐诗。learnbyheart，意为"记住，牢记"；A学习；B记住；C研究，调查。故与learnbyheart意思相近的是remember，故选B。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意识记learnbyheart的同义短语。8．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——不要闲着不做事。帮我洗碗吧。——好的，妈妈。我马上就来。liearound，意为"无所事事"；A游览，到处察看；B转向反方向；C无所事事，故与liearound意思相近的是sitaround，故选C。【点评】考查词义辨析，注意识记liearound的同义短语sitaround。9．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——黄老师总是建议我们在课后练习说英语。——她是对的，说是一项重要的语言技能。A迹象；B技能；C建议，语言技能，languageskill，固定短语，故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析，注意辨别名词的词义，根据句意选择正确的单词。10．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——下周我们将有一场大型的篮球比赛，但是我们仍需要一名球员。——为什么不邀请布莱恩加入这场比赛呢？他非常棒！A邀请；B教授；C警告。根据westillneedaplayer，可知是邀请对方参加，故选A。【点评】考查动词辨析，注意invite表示邀请的用法。11．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——我喜欢乡村音乐。它令人兴奋。你呢？。——我更喜欢电子音乐。它现在越来越受欢迎了。A受欢迎的；舒适的；C无聊的。根据Ilikecountrymusic，我喜欢乡村音乐，可知修饰音乐用受欢迎的，故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意popular表示受欢迎的的用法。12．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——艾伦，你的头发太长了。你为什么不去剪头发呢？——今天我太忙了，不能去，不过还是要谢谢你的建议。A在任何时候；B在任何地方；C尽管如此，即使这样，根据I'mtoobusytogo我太忙了不能去，和thanksforyouradvice，谢谢你的建议，可知，此处表示让步，故选C。【点评】考查副词，注意anyway表示让步的用法。13．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——马克已经吃了太多油炸食品。我真的担心他。——我也是。我认为他应该吃更多蔬菜和水果。A害怕；B担心；C没有意识到，根据Markhashadtoomuchfriedfood，马克吃了太多油炸食物，可知对健康不好，故是担心他，故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析，注意worriedabout担心的用法。14．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——现在，移动支付非常便捷。几乎每个人都在使用移动支付。——是的。我们甚至不需要从银行取款。A取款；B起飞；脱下；C开始从事；占据，根据fromthebank，可知是从银行提取钱，故选A。【点评】考查短语辨析，注意takeout表示取款的用法。15．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——我真的担心今晚的才艺展示。这是我第一次展示。——加油！你能够做到的。我们都支持你。A当然；B鼓励；C谢天谢地，根据Wewillallsupportyou我们都会支持你，可知是鼓励对方，故选B。【点评】考查情景交际，注意comeon表示鼓励的用法。16．【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）C；（6）A；（7）C；（8）A；（9）B；（10）A【解析】【分析】本文讲述学习一门语言最好的方式就是与本地人交朋友并多和他们接触。

（1）句意：像许多人一样，我仅仅知道两个中文词汇。usually，通常，only，仅仅，hardly，几乎不。根据twowords，可知强调数量少，用仅仅，故选B。

（2）句意：你能猜到，在我到达之后很长一段时间内，我的生活过得都很艰难。easy，简单的，interesting，有趣的，difficult，困难的，根据Simpletaskslikeorderingfoodortakingataxiwerequitestressful像点餐或打车这样的简单任务压力很大，可知是difficult。故选C。

（3）句意：为我知道我必须学习中文，因此我报了一个中文班。missed意为失去；想念，attended意为参加。taught意为教；教学。根据IhadtolearnmoreChinese我得学中文可知是参加中文班，故选B。

（4）句意：尽管我学的词汇还不足以支撑我与人真正的进行交流，但是我的老师对我的帮助还是很大的。helpful意为有帮助的。cheerful意为振奋的，thankful意为感激的。老师的作用就是帮助学生，故是有帮助的，故选A。

（5）句意：我决定放弃了。根据butmyprogresswasstillslow我进不很慢，可知想放弃，makeup意为编造；弥补，putup意为举起；支起；提高，giveup意为放弃，故选C。

（6）句意：他教了我很多有关音乐的词汇，例如melody。根据suchasmelody可知是关于音乐的词汇。words意为词汇，names意为名字，jokes意为玩笑。故选A。

（7）句意：他从我这里学到了英文词汇，所以交流语言和文化是一个很好的方法。根据inreturn作为交换，可知，是一种交流，change意为改变，imagine意为想象，exchange意为交换，交流，故选C。

（8）句意：我学到了做够多的中文来解决问题，比如订火车票。dealwith意为处理，lookfor意为寻找，thinkof意为思考，想起，认为。根据manyproblemslikebookingtraintickets可知这是问题，需要解决或处理，故选A。

（9）句意：我意识到中文这门语言的魅力。A希望，B意识到，C怀疑，根据Ifoundthatthebestway可知是发现，意识到。故选B。

（10）句意：最后我发现学习一门语言最好的方式就是与本地人交朋友并多和他们接触。A语言，B学科，C任务，根据lotsofforeignersarelearningChinese可知是与学习语言有关，故选A。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。17．【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了机器人展览会上展示的新技能的机器人。

（1）细节题。原文提到"RoBohoN,just10cmtall"10厘米，即可知RoBohoN有0.1米高，故答案为A。

（2）推断题。题干关键词为"besthelpertooldpeople'shome."CD选项的机器人分别用于建筑工地"HRP-5P部分第2句HRP-5Plookslikeastrongbuilder."和街道邮递CarriRo部分第2句"Itworksasapostmanandsendpackages"，可排除；而RoBohoN的主要作用是使用不同语言讲解和介绍世界"makealivelydescription"，可排除；HumanSupportRobot可以在不同地方给人们提供帮助，并且可以和外界联系，"ItprovidesmuchsupporttodifferentplacesandkeepsintouchwiththeoutsideworldthroughtheInternet."因此可以帮助在家的老年人，故答案为B。

（3）细节题。由文章"ThepersonwhoreceivesthepackageissentacodetothesmartphonetoopentheCarriRoandgetthepackage"可知包裹的主人"Thepersonwhoreceivesthepackage"会收到一个密码"acode"来打开CarriRo，取出包裹，故主人用密码打开包裹，故答案为D。

（4）推断题。文章在介绍四种不同的新款机器人，和科学技术有关，A.文化，B.运动，C.kexue，D.人，故答案为C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。18．【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文介绍AliceLee是如何想到以及通过开发app的方式帮助贫穷的学生摆脱解饿。

（1）细节题；文章第二段第一句提到"onthefirstdayofherwork,shenoticedthatmanykidswereliningupforfreesandwichesandfruits"她看到很多学生排队"lineup"领取免费的三明治和水果，故艾丽斯·李在志愿工作的第一天看到孩子们排队领取免费食物，故答案为A。

（2）细节题；文章第二段最后一句but后面"butothersareonlyallowedreduced-pricemealsandthosestudents'familyhavetopayforthepartoftheirfood."提到一些学生可以获得免费食物，另一些则只能获得减价食品，而他们的家庭需要支付这些食品的部分价格，故答案为C。

（3）推断题；文章第三段第三行提到"sheandagroupoffriendsareusingtheirprogrammeskilltocreateanewapp…"她和一群朋友利用他们的编程技能开发了一个新的app。她开发了一个应用程序来帮助可怜的孩子们，故故答案为C。

（4）主旨题；文章第一段就总起全文主旨"doingsomevoluntaryworkatanafter-schoolprogramtohelpstudentsfrompoorfamilies"，主要介绍AliceLee是如何想到以及通过开发app的方式帮助贫穷的学生摆脱解饿。故答案为B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。19．【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了北京有两条像移动电子图书馆的地铁的情况。

（1）细节理解题。根据Andthejourneycanevenmakeyousick.旅途甚至会让你生病，可知旅途是痛苦的，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Andtheycanstillenjoythebookontheappevenafterleavingthetrain.即使下车以后，他们仍然可以在应用程序上享受这本书。故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据Inthisway,thejourneywillnotbeboringanylonger,andpassengerswillnotcomplainaboutthejourneyeither.Instead,theycanbenefit(受益）alotfromit.这样旅程就不会无聊了，乘客也不会抱怨旅程，相反，他们可以从中受益很多。由此可知，it指的是旅程。故选A。

（4）标题总结题。根据Readinge-bookscanreallymakethejourneymoreenjoyable—it'soneofthethingsthatsuccessfulpassengersusuallydo.阅读电子书真的能让旅途更愉快，这是成功乘客通常做的事情之一，故标题是愉快的旅行，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。阅读原文，理解文意，阅读题目，在原文中找出与题目相对应的内容，选择与原文原意相符的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。20．【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了2018深圳国际马拉松的情况。

（1）细节理解题。根据Inthemorning,thoughtheskywasdarkwithclouds,itdidnotdiminishtherunners'excitement.TheyallgatheredattheCivicCentresquareat8a.mreadytohittheroad.早上尽管天空乌云密布，但这并没有减少跑步者的兴奋感。他们都在早上8点聚集在市中心广场准备上路，可知意思是减弱。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据ThewomanwhofinishedinfirstplacewasMuluSeyfufromEthiopia.排名第一的是来自埃塞俄尼亚的的MuluSeyfu，可知来自Ethiopia，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据lreallyliketheroutebecausetheviewsalongShennanRoadarebeautiful.我很喜欢这条路线，因为沿深南公路的景色很美，可是他觉得马拉松路线的景色很美，故选B。

（4）推断理解题。根据manyotherforeignrunnersalsoshowedtheircharm(魅力)onsiteandspokehighlyoftheShenzhenMarathonfortheservicesprovided许多其他外国跑步者也在现场展示了他们的魅力，并对深圳马拉松提供的服务表示高度评价。可知做了精心准备，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。21．【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，并且鼓励孩子们努力工作。

（1）细节题：根据"hewasbetteroff…andlivedahappierandhealthierlife",可知，贾斯汀·汤过着幸福的生活，故选A。

（2）细节题：根据第二段第二行和第三行"childrenwhohadworkedhardinchildhoodhadaricherandahappierfuture,"和之后的"Childrenwhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitycompetence…feeltheywereworthwhile"，可知童年时努力工作的孩子们有一个更加富裕和幸福的未来。“在家里或社区工作的孩子获得了能力，故在家或社区工作的孩子将来谁可能会成功，故选B。

（3）细节题：根据Brown'sstudyfollowedthesechildreningreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderBrown,theresearchersc