新教材2024年高中英语Unit3SeaExploration过关检测B新人教版选择性必修第四册

第三单元过关检测(B卷)(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2024·北京卷)Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”1.Whatisthemajorcausethatdirectlyresultsinchangesinoceancolour?A.Thetemperatureofseawater.B.Thetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.C.Theoxygengivenoffbyphytoplankton.D.Theamountofcarbondioxideinthearea.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.”可知,海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等,取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。故选B项。2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知在某些海疆,气候变暖给浮游植物供应更成熟的条件,而这些水域将会变得更绿。故选D项。3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Todescribetheimportanceofphytoplankton.B.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.C.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.D.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.答案B解析写作意图题。通过文章的第一段以及最终一段的内容可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的就是说明气候改变对海洋的影响。故选B项。BThesnowinAntarcticaisturninggreenandscientistssayclimatechangemaybetoblame.AccordingtoastudyattheCambridgeUniversity,microscopicalgaebloomsacrossthesurfaceofthesnowisslowlyturningAntarctica'swinterwhitelandscapegreen.Althoughmicroscopic,scientistssaythey'reabletoseethe“greensnow”fromspacewhenthealgaebloomsalltogether.Researcherscreatedalarge-scalemapofgreensnowalgaealongtheAntarcticcoastusingacombinationofsatellitedataandon-the-groundobservationsoverthecourseoftwosummers.Thestudyfoundthatthegreensnowalgaebloomedinwarmerareaswheretheaveragetemperaturesarejustabove0℃duringthesouthernhemisphere's(半球的)summermonthsfromNovembertoFebruary.“AsAntarcticawarms,wepredicttheoverallmassofsnowalgaewillincrease,”saidDrAndrewGray,leadauthorofthepaper,andaresearcher.ResearcherssaylargerbloomsofalgaecanbefoundnorthoftheAntarcticandSouthShetlandIslands,whereitcanspreadtohighergroundasthesnowmelts.Theteamalsodiscoveredsomeseabirdsandmammalsinfluencedthedistributionofalgae.Over60%ofalgaebloomswerefoundwithinthreemilesofapenguinsettlement.Scientistshypothesisethismaybeduetotheirdroppings,whichactasa“highlynutritiousfertiliser”.“Thisisasignificantadvanceinourunderstandingofland-basedlifeonAntarctica,andhowitmightchangeinthecomingyearsastheclimatewarms,”saidDrMattDaveyintheUniversityofCambridge'sDepartmentofPlantSciences,wholedthestudy.4.WhatisturningtheAntarcticsnowgreen?A.Themeltingofsnow. B.Thebloomingalgae.C.Thebeautifullandscape. D.Thebalancedtemperature.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“...microscopicalgaebloomsacrossthesurfaceofthesnowisslowlyturningAntarctica'swinterwhitelandscapegreen.”可知,遍布雪表面的微生物藻类的爆发正在渐渐地将南极洲冬天的白色景观变成绿色。所以南极洲的雪变绿的缘由是藻类的爆发。故选B项。5.WhereismicroscopicalgaemostlikelytobloominAntarctica?A.NorthoftheAntarctic. B.WestoftheSouthPole.C.SouthoftheAntarctic. D.Aroundthesouthernhemisphere.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“ResearcherssaylargerbloomsofalgaecanbefoundnorthoftheAntarcticandSouthShetlandIslands,...”可知,更大的藻类的爆发会在南极洲北部和南设得兰群岛被发觉。故选A项。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hypothesise”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Confirm. B.Support.C.Assume. D.Warn.答案C解析词义揣测题。依据“thismaybeduetotheirdroppings”中的“may”和“dueto”可知,科学家们是在推想和假设缘由。故选C项。7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Penguinsfeedonmicroscopicalgae.B.Antarcticalgaegrowunderthesnow.C.Groundobservationlastedforfourmonths.D.Animaldroppingscontributetothealgaeblooms.答案D解析细微环节理解题。文中并未提到企鹅以藻类为食,故A项错;依据第一段中的“acrossthesurfaceofthesnow”可知,藻类覆盖在雪的表面,故B项错;依据其次段中的“...on-the-groundobservationsoverthecourseoftwosummers.”可知,地面视察持续了两个夏天,故C项错;依据倒数其次段中的“thismaybeduetotheirdroppings”可知,藻类的爆发可能是因为企鹅等动物的粪便。故选D项。CMostscientistsarenowcertainthatglobalwarmingistakingplace.GasessuchascarbondioxidearecreatingawarmblanketaroundEarth.Thisblanketistrappingheatintheatmosphere,andsoraisingthetemperatureofEarth.InEurope,eightofthelasttenyearshaveseenrecordhightemperatures.Ontheotherhand,thecountriesaroundtheMediterraneanSeaarereceivingevenlessrainthanbefore.InSub-SaharanAfricathecropsaredryingoutinthefieldsandpeoplearedyingofstarvation.In1999,thesouthernUnitedStateswasstruckbyaseriousofdestructive(毁灭性的)hurricanes.Scientistsexpectsuchtrendstocontinue,andtoworsen,ifglobalwarmingcannotbestopped.Inadditiontoworryingaboutrisingglobaltemperaturesandextremeweatherconditions,scientistsarecloselymonitoringsealevelsaroundtheworld.Theyareslowlyrising,asthenorthernandsouthernpolaricecapsstarttomelt.Thiswillhaveseriousconsequencesforlow-lyingcountriesnearthesea.Alreadypartsoftheseplacesaredisappearingundertherisingseawater.Accordingtoanewresearch,onecontradictoryfeatureofglobalwarmingisthatitwillprobablyleadtoaperiodofmuchcolderweather.Scientistsbasetheirtheoryonwhathappenedthelasttimetheworldwarmedup8,300yearsago.TheyhavediscoveredthatwhentheicemeltedfromthenorthernpolaricecapitbecametrappedinalakeinnorthernCanada.Asmoreicemelted,thislakesuddenlyburstopen,pouringmillionsoftonsoffreezingfreshwaterintotheNorthAtlantic.ThisfloodofwaterpreventedthenormalflowofwaterintheAtlantic,whichtakeswarmwaterfromthetropics(热带地区)northtoEurope.Whenthisflowofwarmwaterwascutoff,temperaturesinEuropedroppedbybetweenthreeandeightdegreesoverthenext200years.“That'stheconcernhere,”saysRichardAlley,anAmericanclimateexpert.“Theclimatehasn'tvariedmuchin8,000years.Butbigchangescouldcomeback!”8.WhatistheoveralleffectofglobalwarmingonEurope?A.Awarmerclimate. B.Adeclineinrainfall.C.Anincreaseofhurricanes. D.Adecreaseofcropproduction.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“InEurope,eightofthelasttenyearshaveseenrecordhightemperatures.”可知,全球变暖带给欧洲的影响是气温上升。故选A项。9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Therisingsealevel. B.Themeltingoficebergs.C.Theincreaseindisasters. D.Thecauseofglobalwarming.答案A解析主旨大意题。依据第三段中的“Inadditiontoworryingaboutrisingglobaltemperaturesandextremeweatherconditions,scientistsarecloselymonitoringsealevelsaroundtheworld.Theyareslowlyrising,asthenorthernandsouthernpolaricecapsstarttomelt.”可知,本段主要讲解并描述持续上升的海平面。故选A项。10.HowdoestheauthordescribetheclimatechangeinEurope8,300yearsago?A.Byofferingstatistics. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byanalysingtheprocess.答案D解析推理推断题。依据最终一段可推想,作者通过分析过程的方法,陈述了8300年前的那次气候改变。故选D项。11.WhatcanweinferfromRichardAlley'swords?A.Globalclimatechangewillbringmoredisasters.B.Globalwarmingwilllikelyproduceacolderclimate.C.Globalwarmingwillcontinueforthenexttwocenturies.D.Globalclimatewillremainunchangeableinthenext8,000years.答案B解析推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Whenthisflowofwarmwaterwascutoff,temperaturesinEuropedroppedbybetweenthreeandeightdegreesoverthenext200years.”可推想,RichardAlley的意思是全球变暖可能会导致产生一个更冷的气候。故选B项。DChineseminershavemanagedtoextract“flammableice”fromtheseaflooroftheSouthChinaSea,accordingtotheMinistryofLandandResources.“Thesuccessfulcollectionofthefrozenfuelisamajorbreakthroughthatmayleadtoaglobalenergyrevolution,”saidChina'sMinisterofLandandResources,JiangDaming.“FlammableIce”ismethanehydrates(甲烷水合物)withmolecules(分子)ofmethanegastrappedinicecrystals.Itcanexistonlyinconditionsofverylowtemperaturesandhighpressure.Onecubicmetreofflammableiceisequalto164cubicmetresofnaturalgas,accordingtotheUSEnergyInformationAgency.“Itlookslikeicecrystals,butyouseethemethanemoleculesarecagedinbythewatermolecules,”saidAssociateProfessorPraveenLingafromtheDepartmentofChemicalandBiomolecularEngineeringattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.Inspiteofthelowtemperature,thehydratesareeasilyflammableasthegastrappedintheicewillcatchfireonceyoubringittoaflame.ThediscoveryisChina'sfirstsuccessintheminingof“flammableice”followingalmosttwentyyearsofresearchandexploration,accordingtotheministry.Theminersmanagedtoextractadailyaverageof16,000cubicmetresofgaswithhighpurityfromtheminingsite.Thenaturalgashydrateisbelievedtobethebestreplacementfornaturalgasandoil.Moreover,itisenvironmentallysafeandinlargereserves,accordingtotheheadoftheChinaGeologicalSurveyBureau,ZhongZiran.“ManycountriesalongtheMaritimeSilkRoadhaveademandforflammableice.Withtheadvancedtechnologywecanhelpsolvetheenergyresourcesproblemandboost(促进)economicdevelopmentandexchangesbetweencountries,”saidQiuHaijun.12.WhatisJiangDaming'sattitudetowardsChina'sextracting“flammableice”?A.Neural. B.Positive.C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.答案B解析推理推断题。依据第一段中的“...amajorbreakthroughthatmayleadtoaglobalenergyrevolution...JiangDaming.”可知,JiangDaming对中国提取可燃冰持确定的看法。故选B项。13.“Flammableice”onlyexistsinconditionswhere.

A.thewatercouldbefrozenB.thenaturalgasoroilisproducedC.thetemperaturesarelowandthepressureishighD.thereisaseawithwarmclimateliketheSouthChinaSea答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Itcanexistonlyinconditionsofverylowtemperaturesandhighpressure.”可知,可燃冰只在低温高压的条件下才能存在。故选C项。14.Itcanbeconcludedfromparagraph4that.

A.ittookChinagreateffortstodiscoverandextract“flammableice”B.theminingsiteofthe“flammableice”iscleanC.16,000cubicmetresofgascouldbeextractedatmosteverydayD.itiseasyforChinatomine“flammableice”successfully答案A解析推理推断题。依据第四段中的“followingalmosttwentyyearsofresearchandexploration”可推断出,中国在发觉和开采可燃冰的过程中付出了很大的努力。故选A项。15.WhatisthesignificanceoftheChinesemajorbreakthroughof“flammableice”?A.Itisthemostimportantminingdiscoveryinhistory.B.Theminingsitewillattractmanytourists.C.ManycountriesalongtheMaritimeSilkRoadsupportit.D.Itmayleadtoaglobalenergyrevolutionasanalternativefuel.答案D解析主旨大意题。本文主要报道了中国在南海连续试采可燃冰中所取得的突破,并预言这一突破可能会引发全球性的能源革命。这一重大突破的重要性在于——可燃冰作为一种可替代能源可能会引发全球性的能源革命。故选D项。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Icesheetscoveringthree-quartersofGreenland,theworld'slargestisland,aremeltingatafastpace.16Suchpredictionwasmadefromthefindingsofaninternationalteamofresearchers,includingrepresentativesfromtheDanishMeteorologicalInstitute(DMI).

ClimateresearcherRuthMottramsaidinaDMIpressrelease,“Ifglobalwarmingcontinuesasbefore—whatwecallthehighemissionscenario,thenthetemperaturewillbelikelytorisebyafurther4.0to6.6degreesbytheyear2100.”17Andtheresearchersaddedthatthepolarregionsaremoresensitivetoclimatechange.

18ByusingthemtheycancalculatetheextentthatthemeltingofGreenland'sinlandicewouldcontributetotheglobalsealevel,byexaminingtheunstablerelationshipbetweenthechangeinsummertemperaturesinGreenlandandtheice'ssurfacemass-balanceoverthelast30years.“Ourresearchshowsthatweshouldexpectanincreaseof10to12.5centimetresinglobalsealevelbytheyear2100asadirectresultofincreasedicemeltingandlossofsurfacemassfromtheGreenlandicesheetalone,”saidMottram.

JohnCappelen,seniorclimatologist(气候学家)atDMIandmemberoftheresearchteam,stressedtheseriousnessoftheteam'sfindingsandcalledallpeopleandcountriestoobeytheParisAgreementasawaytolimittheglobalwarming.“19Otherwisewecan'tlimittheglobalwarming,”saidCappelen.

TheParisAgreementwasagreedbythe195membereconomiesinParisin2015,withthegoalofreducingglobalwarming.20

A.It'sreallyapity.B.Somethingmusthappentoourbehaviour.C.WemustdosomethingtoprotectGreenland.D.However,somecountrieswanttoquittheagreement.E.Suchariseintemperatureissignificantlygreaterthanweexpect.F.Researchersusedthelatestglobalandregionalclimatemodelingtools.G.Bytheendofthiscentury,sealevelscouldrisebyabout12.5centimetres.答案16.G17.E18.F19.B20.D其次部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThelastfullycompleteiceshelfintheCanadianArctichascollapsed(坍塌).TheMilneIceShelfis21EllesmereIsland,Canada.Theshelflost2240percentofitsareainjusttwodaysattheendofJuly.

Abovenormalairtemperatures,offshorewindsandopenwaterinfrontoftheiceshelfareallpartsofthe23foritsbreak-up.Theshelf'sareashrankbyabout80squarekilometres.Bycomparison,theislandofManhattaninNewYork24about60squarekilometres.Temperaturesinthepolarareahavebeen25intense(剧烈的).SummerintheCanadianArcticthisyearhasbeen5degreesCelsius26the30-yearaverage.Thathas27smallericecaps,28canmeltquickly.Asaglacierdisappears,morebedrockisleft29.Thisthenspeedsupthemelting30.Aresearchcamp,includinginstrumentsformeasuringwaterflowthroughtheiceshelf,waslostwhentheshelfatEllesmereIslandcollapsed.

“Itwasonlya31oftime,”saidMarkSerreze,directoroftheNationalSnowandIceDataCentre.Hisstudyshowedtheicecapswere32todisappearwithinfiveyears.Theirdisappearancewas33lastmonth,whenNASAsatelliteimagesoftheareashowedacompletelackofsnowandice.Serreze's34triptotheArcticwasmanyyearsago.“WhenIwasthereinthe1980s,Ikneweverysquareinchofthoseicecaps,”Serrezesaid.“Youhavethegood35.It'slikeyourfirstgirlfriend.”

21.A.attheedgeof B.infrontofC.atthebackof D.attheendof答案A解析句意:米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。attheedgeof“在……的边缘”;infrontof“在……的前面”;atthebackof“在……的后部”;attheendof“在……的结尾”。依据常识可知,米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。故选A项。22.A.ratherthan B.lessthanC.otherthan D.morethan答案D解析句意:七月底,仅仅两天时间,冰架面积就削减了40%以上。ratherthan“而不是”;lessthan“少于”;otherthan“除了”;morethan“多于”。依据上文“ThelastfullycompleteiceshelfintheCanadianArctichascollapsed.”可知,加拿大北极地区最终一个完整的冰架倒塌了。由此推知,七月底冰架面积削减了很多。故选D项。23.A.situations B.conditionsC.elements D.problems答案C解析句意:高于正常气温、离岸风和大陆架前的开放水域都是导致其断裂的因素。situation“状况”;condition“条件”;element“要素”;problem“问题”。故选C项。24.Abines B.coversC.evaluates D.obtains答案B解析句意:相比之下,纽约的曼哈顿岛占地大约60平方千米。combine“组合,结合”;cover“覆盖”;evaluate“评价”;obtain“获得”。依据“60squarekilometres”可知,此处表示岛屿覆盖的范围。故选B项。25.A.seriously B.especiallyC.naturally D.nearly答案B解析句意:极地地区的气温尤其高。seriously“严峻地”;especially“尤其”;naturally“自然地”;nearly“几乎”。依据上文“Abovenormalairtemperatures,...”可知,极地地区的气温尤其高。故选B项。26.A.down B.belowC.up D.above答案D解析句意:今年加拿大北极地区的夏季比30年来的平均气温高出5摄氏度。down“向下”;below“在……下面”;up“向上”;above“在……之上”。依据上文“Theshelflost40percentofitsareainjusttwodaysattheendofJuly.”可知,冰架的溶化是由于今年的气温比往年更高。故选D项。

27.A.reduced B.brokenC.threatened D.brought答案C解析句意:这已经威逼到了可以快速溶化的小冰盖。reduce“削减”;break“破坏”;threaten“使惊吓”;bring“带来”。依据下文“Thisthenspeedsupthemelting.”可知,加速溶化对小冰盖的存在产生了威逼。故选C项。

28.A.which B.thatC.where D.whose答案A解析句意同上。which关系代词,指物;that关系代词,可以指物或者指人;where关系副词,作地点状语;whose关系代词,表示“谁的”。分析句子结构,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词“smallericecaps”在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词which引导。故选A项。29.A.uncovered B.differentC.predictable D.spotted答案A解析句意:随着冰川的消逝,更多的基岩袒露在外。uncovered“袒露的;无覆盖的”;different“不同的”;predictable“可预见的”;spotted“有花点的”。依据“Asaglacierdisappears,...”可知,因为冰川的溶化,很多基岩袒露在外。故选A项。30.A.programme B.progressC.project D.process答案D解析句意:这就加速了溶化过程。programme“项目”;progress“进步”;project“方案;工程”;process“过程;进程”。依据“Asaglacierdisappears,morebedrockisleft...”可知,冰川溶化,基岩袒露加速了溶化的过程。故选D项。31.A.question B.thingC.matter D.concept答案C解析句意:一切只是时间问题。question“问题”;thing“事情”;matter“问题”;concept“概念,观念”。依据上文“Aresearchcamp,includinginstrumentsformeasuringwaterflowthroughtheiceshelf,waslostwhentheshelfatEllesmereIslandcollapsed.”可知,当埃尔斯米尔岛冰架倒塌时,伴随营地消逝的还有测量流经冰架的水流量的仪器。由此推知,此处表示上面的这些事物消逝只是时间的问题。故选C项。32.A.possibly B.likelyC.probably D.surely答案B解析句意:他的探讨表明,冰盖有可能在五年内消逝。possibly“有可能地”;likely“可能;或许”;probably“很可能;也许”;surely“必定;当然”。sb/sthbelikelytodosth为固定短语,意为“有可能做某事”。故选B项。33.A.simplified B.launchedC.confirmed D.accompanied答案C解析句意:上个月,美国国家宇航局的卫星图像显示,该地区完全没有冰雪,这也证明了冰盖消逝的事实。simplify“使简化”;launch“发起;发动”;confirm“证明”;accompany“陪伴”。依据“...whenNASAsatelliteimagesoftheareashowedacompletelackofsnowandice.”可知,此处用科技手段证明了冰盖的消逝。故选C项。34.A.research B.searchC.culture D.business答案A解析句意:Serreze的北极考察之旅是很多年前的事了。research“调查;探讨”;search“搜寻;搜寻”;culture“文化”;business“生意”。依据“triptotheArctic”可知,此处表示去极地考察的旅行。故选A项。35.A.dreams B.ideasC.attitudes D.memories答案D解析句意:你有美妙的回忆。dream“幻想”;idea“想法;办法”;attitude“看法”;memory“回忆”。依据上文“WhenIwasthereinthe1980s,Ikneweverysquareinchofthoseicecaps...”可知,依据Serreze的描述,当年的极地考察之旅是美妙的回忆。故选D项。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—36.(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis37.(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot38.itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular39.(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso40.thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-441.(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit42.(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon43.(construct).”Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow44.iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether45.(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

答案36.erest40.than41.tofind42.means43.isconstructed44.much45.its第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华,“世界海洋日”即将来临。请代表校学生会用英语写一封倡议书,呼吁大家爱护海洋动物。内容包括:1.发出倡议的缘由;2.如何爱护海洋动物;3.号召大家一起行动。留意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细微环节,以使行文连贯;3.参考词汇:世界海洋日WorldOceansDay

参考范文Dearfellows,WiththeapproachingofWorldOceansDay,wewouldliketocalloneveryonetoprotectmarineanimals.Eachyear,millionsofmarineanimalsdiefromhuntingandenvironmentalpollution.Therefore,effectivemeasuresshouldbeadoptedbeforethingsgetworse.Itisnecessarytoavoidpurchasingproductsmadefromanyendangeredmarineanimals.Besides,pleasedon'tthrowrubbishintotheoceanwhichwillpollutemarineanimals'livingconditions.Itistimethatwejoinedourhandstopreservemarineanimalsandcreateaharmonioushomeforthem.TheStudents'UnionJanuary12th其次节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mamasaysallthedustisduetothedrought,notonlyhereintheOklahomapanhandle(狭长地带)butallovertheGreatPlains.Thedirtsiftsintoeverything.Itcoversourclothes.Wehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeal.Italsoslipsintotheautomobileshorn(喇叭).AlthoughPapahasfixedit,hefearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.Sowehavetowalktoschool.Onthewaytoschool,mysister,Faye,andIwearkerchiefsoverourmouthssowedon'tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosetheschool,westayhomeandhelpMamaputsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirtalwaysfindsawayin.LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterchurch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileMamastarteddinner.FayeandIplayedintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped—itfeltgood.Theheathadbeenbuildingsincedawn.ThenMamashoutedfromthehouse,“Iris,youandFayegetinside.Bequick!”Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudofdust,likethicksmokepouringoutfromachimney.Allthebirdsflewaway.“Faye,gowithMama!”Ishouted,“I'llwarnPapa.”Fayeracedtowardsthehouse.Thestormhitsofast,Ibarelysawherclimbtheporchsteps.Finesandheavedagainstmyfaceandinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.Istumbledoverourbicyclesleftcarelesslyintheyard.IscreamedforPapa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.Ineededtogettoshelter.Coveringmyfacewithonehand,IfeltmywaytowardstheautomobileandIopenedthedoor.DirtflewinwithmeasIpulledthedoorclosed.Papawasstilloutthere!Ineededtohelphimfindtheautomobile.WorriedasIwas,Imanagedtocalmmyselfdown.IwasfiguringoutwhattodowhenIcaughtsightoftheswitchforthefrontlightsandthehorn.