2024-2025学年湖南明德中学高三下第二次段考试英语试题（理）试题含解析

2024-2025学年湖南明德中学高三下第二次段考试英语试题（理）试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts_________thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek________goodforone’shealth.A．show;are B．shows;isC．show;is D．shows;are2．Wethetopofthemountainbutforthisawfulweather．Itrainedallday．A．willreach B．wouldreach C．havereached D．wouldhavereached3．Whydidn’tyouhelpthelittleboy?Oh,hehadstruggledtohisfeet______Icouldrunoverandofferedanyhelp.A．before B．afterC．when D．since4．Sherunsonaverageabout15milesadayeveryday,______thecircumstances.A．whatever B．wherever C．whichever D．however5．Theseniorteacheralwaysgoesswimminganddoespush-upstostay________.A．inplace B．inorderC．inshape D．infashion6．Thankstothe“sugartax”，foodfactorieshavereducedsugarintheirproducts,________about45millionkilogramsofsugar.A．tosaveB．savedC．savingD．havingsaved7．Iwritingthepaperasscheduled,butmymother’sillnessinterfered.Ihopeyouwillexcuseme.A．amtohavefinishedB．wastohavefinishedC．wastofinishD．oughttofinish8．Today'shomeworkwaseasy_______soIfinisheditquicklyandwentouttoplay． A．tobedone B．done C．doing D．todo9．TwoprofessorsatHarvardUniversitypublishedastudyof3,300newgraduates,lookingat________theirnameshadanybearingontheiracademicperformance.A．that B．how C．why D．whether10．________yourblog,Iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.A．IfIread B．ShouldIreadC．HadIread D．IfIcouldhaveread11．Wewerescaredtodeathwhenthefire______.Fortunately,itwasputoutbeforeitcausedmuchdamage.A．brokeout​​ B．cameoutC．gaveout​​ D．turnedout12．thekeytothecarwhenmybosscametowardsme.FinallyIcoulddrivehimhomeasusual.A．NeverhadIfound B．SeldomdidIfindC．HardlyhadIfound D．NosoonerdidIfind13．Insteadofmakingchoicesfortheirchildren,liberalparentsusuallysay,“Gowhereyou________.”A．will B．shouldC．can D．must14．—What’sup?Youlookworried.—Well,I______ontheproblemfor5hoursbutIhaven’tgotasingleclue.A．haveworked B．workedC．willwork D．havebeenworking15．Ifyou________cometoourvillage,I’llshowyouaround.A．will B．shall C．must D．should16．—HowcanIwakeupsoearly?—Setthealarmat5:00am.,youwillmakeit.A．and B．butC．or D．so17．—Marylookshotanddry.—So________youifyouhadahighfever.A．could B．would C．may D．must18．Heasked______forthecomputer.A．didIpayhowmuchB．IpaidhowmuchC．howmuchdidIpayD．howmuchIpaid19．—Juliasaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven’t________mymailboxyet.A．examined B．reviewed.C．tested D．checked20．Marybecame______homesickandcriticaloftheUnitedStates,soshefledfromherhomeinWestBloomfieldtoherhometowninAustria.A．completelyB．sincerelyC．approximatelyD．increasingly第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Ienteredhighschoolhavingreadhundredsofbooks.ButIwasnotagoodreader.Merelybookish,IlackedapointofviewwhenIread.Rather,Ireadinordertogetapointofview.Isearchedbooksforgoodexpressionsandsayings,piecesofinformation,ideas,themes-anythingtoenrichmythoughtandmakemefeeleducated.Whenoneofmyteacherssuggestedtohissleepytenth-gradeEnglishclassthatapersoncouldnothavea"complicatedidea"untilhehadreadatleasttwothousandbooks,Iheardthewordswithoutrecognizingeitheritsirony(嘲讽)oritsverycomplicatedtruth.ImerelydeterminedtomakealistofallthebooksIhadeverread.Strictwithmyself,IincludedonlyonceatitleImighthavereadseveraltimes.(How,afterall,couldonereadabookmorethanonce?)AndIincludedonlythosebooksoverahundredpagesinlength.(Couldanythingshorterbeabook?)TherewasyetanotherhighschoollistImade.OnedayIcameacrossanewspaperarticleaboutanEnglishprofessoratanearbystatecollege.Thearticlehadalistofthe"hundredmostimportantbooksofWesternCivilization.""Morethananythingelseinmylife,"theprofessortoldthereporterwithfinality,"thesebookshavemademeallthatIam."ThatwasthekindofwordsIcouldn'tignore.Ikeptthelistfortheseveralmonthsittookmetoreadallofthetitles.Mostbooks,ofcourse,Ihardlyunderstood.WhilereadingPlato'sTheRepublic,forexample,Ineededtokeeplookingattheintroductionofthebooktoremindmyselfwhatthetextwasabout.However,withthespecialpatienceandsuperstition(迷信)ofaschoolboy,Ilookedateverywordofthetext.AndbymetimeIreachedthelastword,pleased,IpersuadedmyselfthatIhadreadTheRepublic,andseriouslycrossedPlatooffmylist.1、Onheatingtheteacher'ssuggestionofreading,thewriterthought.A．onemustreadasmanybooksaspossibleB．astudentshouldnothaveacomplicatedideaC．itwasimpossibleforonetoreadtwothousandbooksD．studentsoughttomakealistofthebookstheyhadread2、Theunderlinedphrase"withfinality"probablymeans.A．firmlyB．clearlyC．proudlyD．pleasantly3、Thewriter'spurposeinmentioningTheRepublicisto.A．explainwhyitwasincludedinthelistB．describewhyheseriouslycrosseditoffthelistC．showthathereadthebooksblindlythoughtheywerehardtounderstandD．provethatheunderstoodmostofitbecausehehadlookedateveryword4、Thewriterprovidestwobookliststo.A．showhowhedevelopedhispointofviewB．tellhisreadingexperienceathighschoolC．introducethetwopersons'readingmethodsD．explainthathereadmanybooksathighschool22．（8分）Expertssaythereareabout6，500languagesspokenthroughouttheworld.ButtheUnitedNationsestimatesthatabouthalfoftheselanguagesareindangerofdisappearing.Onenon-profitorganizationseekingtosaveworldlanguagesisaNewYork-basedgroupcalledWikitongues.OfficialsfromWikitonguessaytheorganizationhasasimplegoal:toprovidethetoolsandsupportthatpeopleneedtosavetheirlanguages.Udellistheco-founderofWikitongues.Hesaidwhenalanguagedisappears，manyotherthingscangoawayaswell.Forexample，partsofacommunity’sculture，knowledgeandidentitycanalsobelost.Becauseofthis.Udellbelievestheprocessofbringinglanguagesbackmustbedonebycommunitymembersthemselves，“fromthegroundup，”hesaid.“Thereisnowayanoutsideorganizationcansavesomeone’slanguageforthem.”Wikitongueswaslaunchedin2016asanopeninternetcollectionofworldlanguages.Theself-described“community”isoperatedbyvolunteersfromaroundtheworld.ThecollectionisintheformoflanguagevideosthatpeopleaddtotheWikitongueswebsite.Therearecurrentlymorethan400languagesanddialectsrepresentedonWikitongues’YouTubechannel.Udellsaysmorethan1,500peoplefrom70differentcountrieshaveaddedvideostothesystem.“WehavepeoplefromIndiawhorecorddozensoflanguages，whichisbeyondtheirown.”hesaid.OneofWikitongues’volunteersisKolokwe，wholivesinNamibia.HisnativelanguageisSubiya，however，hedoesnotgetthechancetospeakhisnativelanguageeveryday.Likemanyothereducatedpeoplefromhisarea，hespeaksalotofEnglishandAfrikaans.KolokweishopinghisinvolvementwithWikitonguescallhelpkeepSubiyaandotherAfricanlanguagesfromgoingextinct.Hewantstheworldtoknowabouthislanguage.Buthisgoalgoesbeyondjustsharinghislanguagewithothersthroughvideo.Heisalsoworkingtocreateadictionaryandlanguageteachingmaterialsthatcanbeusedinschools.1、Whatistileresultoflanguagesdisappearing?A．Peopleareuncertainaboutwhotheyare.B．Allthecustomsandbeliefsarestillexisting.C．Peoplecannotcommunicatewitheachother.D．Thecommunitybecomesmoreindependent.2、WhichofthefollowingistrueofWikitongues?A．ItwasfoundedbytheUnitedNations.B．Officialsfromitwanttomakemoney.C．Itcontributestosavinglanguages.D．1500languagesareuploadedonitswebsite.3、WhyisKolokweinvolvedinvolunteering?A．Hehasnochancetospeakhisnativelanguage.B．HedislikesspeakingEnglishandAfrikaans.C．Hewantstostophisnativelanguagedyingout.D．Hehopestoteachhislanguageinschoolhimself.4、WhatcanweinferfromtheopinionofUdell?A．Themajorityoflanguageshavebeensaved.B．Wikitonguescansavelanguagesdisappearing.C．Internetplaysamoreimportantpartthanvolunteers.D．Onlycommunitymemberscansavetheirownlanguages.23．（8分）Whenaskedtopointoutoneortwothingsthataremostimportanttothemselves,manyputfriendsaheadofhomes,jobs,clothesandcars.Atruefriendshipcarriesalonghistoryofexperiencethatdetermineswhoweareandkeepsusconnected.Itisatreasureweshouldprotect.Unfortunately,thebetterfriendsyouare,themoreprobablyyou’llhavedisagreements.Andtheresultcanbewhatyoudon’twant—anendtotherelationship.Thegoodnewsisthatmosttroubledfriendshipscanbemended.First,don’tletyourpridegetinyourway.Mostofuscanforgiveeachotherwhendifferencesarebroughtoutintheopen.Second,apologizewhenyou’rewrong—evenifyou’vebeenwronged.Overthecourseofafriendship,eventhebestpeoplemakemistakes.Sometimes,itmaybebestifthewrongedpersontakestheleadandapologizes.Whenyouapologize,giveyourfriendachancetoadmit(承认)thathehasbeenwrong.Third,seethingsfromyourfriend’spointofview.Andfinally,acceptthatfriendshipschangeasourneedsandlifestylechange.Makingfriendscansometimesseemeasy.Thehardpartiskeepingtheconnectionsstrongduringthenaturalupsanddownsthathaveaneffectonallrelationships.Mysuggestion:considerfriendshipasanhonorandagift,andworththeefforttotreasureandnurture(培养).1、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．EasyWaystoMakeFriendsB．UpsandDownsinFriendshipC．HowtoMendaTroubledFriendshipD．HowtoTaketheLeadinMakingFriends2、The＂wrongedperson＂underlinedinthepassagereferstoaperson____________.A．whohasbeenmistakenforanotherB．whohasbeenblamedunfairlyC．whohastreatedfriendsbadlyD．whohasadmittedhismistakes3、Accordingtothepassage,afriendshipcanbelongonlyif____________.A．wehavemuchincommonB．weknowourfriends’mistakesC．wetreatourdisagreementswiselyD．wehaveknownoneanotherherdesires4、Whatshouldwedoifwefollowtheauthor’ssecondsuggestion?A．Makeanapologyfirst.B．Avoidmakingmistakes.C．Sticktoourownpointsofview.D．Changeourlifestyles.24．（8分）NewYorkCityisaplacefullofsurprisesformanyfirst-timevisitors.Americansandforeignersalikeexperienceakindofcultureshockwhentheyfirstarrive.ItisoneofthemostcentersofhighereducationintheUnitedStates.ManyyoungpeopleliketoliveandworkinAmerica'slargestcity.Butifyoudonotknowwheretostart,ithelpstobelongtoacommunity.Thecityhasaplacewherestudentshaveachancetomeet,andfindtheirplaceintheworld.ItisaprivatecentercalledInternationalHouse.Itservesstudentsfrommorethan100countries.AdjibolaAmzatlivesthere.HeisfromNigeria."WithouttheInternationalHouse,NewYorkwouldhavebeenaverylonelyplaceformanypeople."Amzatworkedasanewsreporter.HelefthisjobtostudyatColumbiaUniversityforagraduatedegreeprograminjournalism.AmzatlikesInternationalHouse.HethinksithashelpedtoimprovehisexperienceatColumbiaUniversity.InternationalHousewelcomesgraduatestudentsfrommanyNewYork-area.Theyhaveachancetoattendmanyculturalcelebrationsthroughouttheyear.Manystudentssaytheircommunicationwithotherstudentshasledtonewfriendshipsandpersonalgrowth.LebogangMahlareisfromSouthAfrica.AkmyratTuyliyevisfromTurkmenistan.HesayshefoundpeoplefromsomanyareasatInternationalHouse.This,hesays,madehimwanttoworktochangetheworld.“Icomefromacountywherewedon’thavedifferentraces.I’veneverseenablackpersonuntilIcametotheUnitedStates.SoseeingstudentsfromRussia,China,andalloftheseothercountries,comingheretountie,wasreallyinspiring.”ManypeoplewholiveatInternationalHousesaytheywanttocontinuetherelationshipstheyhavebegunwhentheyreturnhome.AndtheywanttosharewiththeircountrymentheleadershipskillstheyhavelearnedintheUnitedStates.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．AmericaB．NewYorkCityC．HighereducationD．Akindofcultureshock2、WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentslivinginInternationalHouse?A．TheyallhaveforgottentheirownculturesB．Theycelebrateeachother’sholidaysC．TheygetalongwellwitheachotherD．Theyoftenfightwitheachother3、WhatdidAkmyratTuyliyevwanttodowhenseeingpeoplefromothercountriesatInternationalHouse?A．WorkinAmericaB．ChangehisprogramsC．WorktochangetheworldD．Becomealeaderinhiscountry25．（10分）EmiliaDobektracesherinterestinspaceandtheuniversebacktothirdgradewhensheandherfatherwatchedabloodmoonatotallunareclipse(月蚀)ontheroofoftheirhouse.Nowaseventh-graderatEastPrairieElementarySchool,DobekrecentlywonthenationalDiscoveryEducationLockheed-MartinBeyondChallengebydesigningaspacestationfortravellingtoMars.Shesaysthatnightwatchingthelunareclipsestartedastrongdesireinherthathasyettorunoutoffuel.SowhenherteacherAndreaSmeetonreceivedinformationaboutthenationalchallenge,Smeetonsaidsheimmediatelyhadonestudentinmind.“Iknewshewouldlovethechallengeandthatshewouldgowaybeyondinhersearch,”Smeetonsaid.“Sheimmediatelystartedresearchingbonedensity(密度)ofastronautsandhowtohavefoodonMars.”“Mydesignwillensurethesafetyoftheastronautsbutalsomakesuretheircomfortisoutofthisworld,”Dobeksays.Dobek’sdesigncallsforbuildingtheMSSorMarsStorageStationtoputthesuppliesin.ItalsoincludestheSGForSelf-CrowingFarm,andshedetailshowitwouldworkwiththeelementsonMars.ThenthereisphysicalandleisureactivityfortheastronautsunderDobek’sdesign.Asimulation(模拟装置)allowsastronautstochoosetheirexercisemachineandvirtual(虚拟的)realityenvironment.RoomshavecircularceilingssoastronautswillbeabletowatchdownloadedshowsandevenseeplacesonEarth,suchastheirhomes.“Iwanttotellotherkidstofollowtheirpassions.”Dobeksaid.“Whatevertheywanttodotheyshouldpushforitandalwaystrytheirbest.”1、Dobekfirstbecameinterestedinspacewhen.A．shewasstillaseventh-graderB．shestudiedatajuniorhighschoolC．shelivedonthetopoftheirhouseD．shewatchedaneclipseofthemoon2、SmeetonrecommendedthatDobektakethechallengebecause.A．sheknewDobeklikedchallengesinlifeB．shehadnootherstudentsinterestedinMarsC．DobekknewhowtoresearchbonedensityofastronautsD．shewassurethatDobekwouldhaveoutstandingperformance3、WhatdoesDobekfocusonwhendesigningthespacestation?A．TheenvironmentonMars.B．Thesafetyofthesupplies.C．Theactivitiesforastronauts.D．Thecomfortoftheastronauts.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）IplayedaracquetballgameagainstmycousinEdlastweek.Itwasoneofthemost1andtiringgamesI’veeverhad.WhenEdfirstphonedand2weplay,Ilaughedquietly,figuringonan3victory.Afterall,Ed’sideaof4hasalwaysbeennothingmore5thanliftingaforktohismouth.6Icanremember,Ed’sbeentheleastphysicallyfitmemberinthefamily,and7proudofhimself.HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughthefamilyoften8aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya9T-shirtortoloseweight.SowhenEd10forourgamenotonlywiththebottomofhisshirtgatheredinsidehistrousersbutalsowithastomachyoucouldhardly11,IwassosurprisedthatIwas12.Mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape.13,atthepointinourgamewhenI'dhavepredicted（预计）thescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor,itwas147to9—andEdwas15.Thesuddenrealizationwaspainful.We16toplayliketwomadmen.Whenthescorewas16up,Iwashavingserious17aboutstayingaliveuntil21yearsold,letalone(更不用说)18thatmanypoints.Whenthegamefinallyended,bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks,tootiredto19.Inaway,Ithinkwebothwon:Ithegame,butcousinEdmy20.1、A．encouraging B．hopeless C．surprising D．regular2、A．declared B．mentioned C．persuaded D．suggested3、A．unforgettable B．unexpected C．easy D．early4、A．exercise B．preparation C．joy D．fitness5、A．time-saving B．comfortable C．suitable D．effort-making6、A．Assoonas B．Aslongas C．When D．Since7、A．strangely B．personally C．reasonably D．eagerly8、A．cared B．forgot C．quarreled D．joked9、A．clean B．larger C．straight D．darker10、A．setout B．gotready C．arrived D．returned11、A．notice B．admire C．believe D．measure12、A．nervous B．curious C．careless D．speechless13、A．Afterall B．Asaresult C．Aboveall D．Atlast14、A．mistakenly B．then C．instead D．naturally15、A．leading B．coming C．waiting D．counting16、A．pretended B．stopped C．continued D．decided17、A．thoughts B．doubts C．situations D．problems18、A．scoring B．completing C．receiving D．keeping19、A．play B．start C．sleep D．move20、A．friendship B．respect C．support D．favor第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）ZhouShihao,17,fromShanghaiYichuanHighSchool,wasshockedbythestatisticshehadfound1．hewaslookingintotheuseofhandheldcellphonesbydrivers,hefoundthatmorethan30%ofthemreachedfortheirphonesontheroad“Anyuseofhandhelddevices(设备)should2．(firm)beforbiddenwhiledriving,”saidZhou“It’snotadailychore,butaserioussocialissue”Theteenager’sconcernsledtohisdraftingaproposalonthisissue–something3．hedidtogetherwithfiveotherschoolmatesintheMockChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConferencecompetitioninthePutuoDistrictofShanghaiZhouandhisschoolmateswerenotaloneInJanuary,manyShanghaiyoungsters,evenelementaryschoolstudents,tookpartinMockCPPCCcompetitions4．(hold)intheirlocaldistrictsandhandedinproposalsonissuesrangingfromnetworksecurityandthefuturecitytotheprotectionof5．(tradition)culture“Thecompetitionreallyencouragesusstudentstofocusonsocialissuesandplayanactiverole6．takingresponsibilityforourcountry,”saidZhangSimin,17,fromShanghaiNanyangHighSchoolTheseniorstudentusedtothinkthatthehandlingofstateaffairswasjustforpoliticiansButthinkingonthe“3:30problem”changedhermindKidsusuallyfinishschoolat3:7．However,mostparentsworkuntil6:00,8．(make)ithardforthemtopickkidsup“Thisisaproblemwe’veallbeenthrough,”saidZhangTohelpstudents,Zhang’sschool9．(invite)deputies(代表)totheNationalPeople’sCongresstogivestudentsinstruction“Thankstothedeputies,wefinallyunderstandit’snotwhoistoblamethat10．(matter),butfindingthebestsolution,”saidZhang“ThecompetitionaimstoencourageasenseofcitizenshipamongChina’spost-00sgeneration,”saidXiaJing,ateacherfromShanghaiJinyuanSeniorHighSchool“Throughthischannel,studentscanlettheir11．(voice)beheard”第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Inrecentyears,therehavebeenmoreandmoreConfuciusInstitutesbeingbuiltallovertheworld,thatshowsourChineseculturehasbeenbecomemuchmorepopularthanever、Asoneoffourancientcivilizations,Chinacreatesmanysplendidcultureswithinitslonghistory、TheancientChinesecultureoncehadgreatinfluencesintheworld’scivilization,especiallyinJapan,SouthKoreaandotherAsiancountry、TheChinesecultureisslowaccumulatedinthewholeChinesehistory,madeitcolorfulandbrilliant、IfonewanttoknoworstudyChineseculturemoredeeply,heorshemustspend