2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT3FOODANDCULTURESectionⅢUsingLanguage检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第二册

PAGEPAGE7UsingLanguageⅠ.阅读理解AWhenearlyhumanskilledamammoth,howdidtheykeepthemeatbeforetheycouldeatitall?Wedon'tknow;maybetheydidn't.Butperhapstheypreservedtheirmammothsteaksinsalt.However,itishardtoknowforsure.Wedoknowforcertainthatby3，000yearsago,theBabylonians,Egyptians,andChinesewereallexpertatsalting.Theyusedsalttopreservefood.Forthousandsofyears,saltingwasacommonwaytopreservefood.Butforalongtime,nooneknewwhysaltworked.Then,inthe1800s,aFrenchmannamedLouisPasteurdiscoveredthesecret：bacteria.Whatdoessalthavetodowithbacteria?First,bacterianeedmoisturetogrowandmultiply.Saltpullsmoistureoutoffood,sothebacterianolongerhaveenoughmoisture.Besides,saltispoisonoustomanybacteria.Ifyoucoverfoodwithsalt,bacteriaoutsidethefooddiebeforetheygetin,andbacteriaalreadyinthefoodarepoisonedbythesalt.Sohowdoyoupreservefoodwithsalt?Formeatorfish,youpouronalayerofsalt,thenrubitinwell.Hamsareoftenmadethisway.Anotherwayistoalternatelayersoffoodandsaltinabigcontainer.Thesaltwilldrawthemoistureoutofthefood,creatingbrinethatthefoodsitsin.You'llneedtomakesurethebrinecompletelycoversthefood;anyfoodleftexposedtotheairwillspoil.Ifyoupreservecabbagethisway,you'llmakesauerkraut.Howwellsaltpreservesfooddependsonhowmuchisused.Themoresalt,thelongerthefoodispreserved.Unfortunately,usingenoughsalttopreservefoodforaverylongtimecancauseproblems.Itcanmakefoodtough.Itcandestroyflavor.And,ofcourse,itcanmakethefoodtoosaltytoeat,whichisharmfultoourhealth.Today,eventhoughwenolongerrelyonsalttokeepourfoodfresh,wehaven'tlostourtasteforsalt.Wedon'twanttogiveupourbacon,salami,andwatermelonpickles!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。几千年来，腌制是一种常见的保存食物的方法。文章主要介绍了腌制中盐所起的作用，如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题。1．Whyareexamplesoftheancientpeoplementionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakeanintroductiontothetopic.B．Toexplainourancestorswereveryclever.C．Totellustheancientpeoplehadalotoffoodtoeat.D．Toshowtheancientpeopleweregoodatpreservingfood.解析：选A推理推断题。依据第一段中的Whenearlyhumanskilledamammoth,howdidtheykeepthemeatbeforetheycouldeatitall？以及Wedoknowforcertainthatby3，000yearsago,theBabylonians,Egyptians,andChinesewereallexpertatsalting.再依据其次段第一句Forthousandsofyears,saltingwasacommonwaytopreservefood.可知，第一段提到古人的例子是为了引入主题。故选A。2．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Ifyouwanttomakeaham,youshouldkeepitinbrine.B．Ifyouwanttomakesauerkraut,you'dbetterpouronalayerofsaltandrubit.C．Tokeepourfoodlonger,youshouldputasmuchsaltonthefoodaspossible.D．Peopleneedn'tgiveupsaltyfoodcompletelyaslongastheycontroltheamount.解析：选D推理推断题。依据最终两段的内容可知，D选项(人们不必完全放弃咸的食物，只要他们限制用量)作者可能会认同。故选D。3．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toexplainhowtheancientpeoplepreservefood.B．Totellushowsaltworksinpreservingfood.C．Topersuadepeopletogiveupsaltyfood.D．Tointroducethewayofpreservingfoodwithsalt.解析：选D写作目的题。依据其次段第一句Forthousandsofyears,saltingwasacommonwaytopreservefood.可知几千年来，腌制是一种常见的保存食物的方法。文章主要介绍了腌制中盐所起的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍用盐腌制食物的方法。故选D。BYoumighteasilygainaccesstofreshfruitandvegetables,butthisisn'tthecaseinsomepartsofAmerica.TheUShasmanyareasthatareconsideredasfooddeserts,whicharedefinedaspartsofthecountryshortoffreshfruit,vegetablesandotherhealthyfood,usuallyfoundinpoorareas.Fooddesertsareurbanareaswherethenearestgrocerystoreismorethan1mileaway,andruralareaswherethenearestgrocerystoreismorethan10milesaway.AccordingtotheUSDA,19millionAmericans—or6.2%ofthepopulation—liveinplacesthatcanbeconsideredasfooddeserts.Theissueisn'tnecessarilyaboutthedifferenceincostbetweenhealthyandunhealthyfoodsintheseareasbutit'saboutalackofaccesstohealthychoicesatall.And,withthelackofhealthyfoodchoices,theseareastypicallyhavealargesupplyofunhealthyfoodssoldatfast­foodcompaniesandconveniencestores.Eatingunhealthyfoodscanleadtooverweight,whichputspeopleatriskforallkindsofmajorhealthissues,includinghighbloodpressure,heartdisease,andsomecancers.Butsomepeople,especiallythosewhocannotaffordacar,arestuckwitheatingwhat'sreadilyavailable.Inthecaseoffooddeserts,it'susuallythetypeoffoodthatcanleadtooverweight.Studieshaveshownthatthisislikelytobeaprobleminlow­incomeareas.Whenmoneyisnotenough,peopletendtobuyfoodsthatlastlongerandremovefoodwaste,whichisawasteoftheirlimitedincome.Lackofaccessisonlyonepartoftheproblem,however.Thebiggerissuewaslikelythelackofeducationandnutritionalknowledgeinthesecommunities,whichpreventspeoplewithlowerincomesfromunderstandingthebenefitsofhealthyeating.Whileoverweightisasignificantissueinthesecommunities,thecostofunhealthyeatingisn'tjustphysical.Astudyfoundthat71billiondollarsinhealthcarecostsduetochronic(慢性的)diseasescouldbesavedthroughhealthiereating.语篇解读：本文是一篇争论文。在美国有一些食物荒漠地区，那里的人很难接触到簇新的蔬菜和水果，只能大量购买不健康的食品。但造成这种现象的深层缘由是，那些地方的人缺乏教化和养分方面的学问。4．Whatcanweinferfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．6.2%oftheAmericansliveinpoorareas.B．SomepartsoftheUSAlackfreshvegetables.C．SomepeopleinAmericadon'tneedfreshfruit.D．Peopleinthefooddesertsbuyfreshvegetableseasily.解析：选B推理推断题。依据第一段中的Youmighteasilygainaccesstofreshfruitandvegetables,butthisisn'tthecaseinsomepartsofAmerica.和其次段中的AccordingtotheUSDA,19millionAmericans—or6.2%ofthepopulation—liveinplacesthatcanbeconsideredasfooddeserts.可推想，美国的一些地区严峻缺乏簇新的水果和蔬菜。故选B项。5．Whycanfast­foodcompaniesselllargeamountsofunhealthyfoodinthefooddeserts?A．Theseareasarerichinunhealthyfoodmaterials.B．Thefastfoodsoldinthefooddesertsareoflowercost.C．Healthyfoodchoicesareunavailableintheseareas.D．Peopleintheseareaspreferunhealthyfoodtohealthyfood.解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的And,withthelackofhealthyfoodchoices,theseareastypicallyhavealargesupplyofunhealthyfoodssoldatfast­foodcompaniesandconveniencestores.可知，在食物荒漠地区存在大量快餐公司售卖不健康食品的缘由是：当地人缺乏健康食品的选择。故选C项。6．WecanlearnfromParagraph5thatthelow­incomepeople.A．arelesslikelytohaveoverweightproblemsB．arenotdelightedtopreparefoodforthemselvesC．havetobuyfoodthatcanbepreservedlongerD．areusedtoeatingfooddonatedbyfoodcompanies解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的Whenmoneyisnotenough,peopletendtobuyfoodsthatlastlongerandremovefoodwaste,whichisawasteoftheirlimitedincome.可知，当钱不够时，人们倾向于购买可以储存更久的食物。故选C项。7．Whatstopspeoplefromunderstandinghealthyeatingbenefitsinthefooddeserts?A．Theirhighhealthcarecostduetothechronicdiseases.B．Theirlongestablishedeatinghabits.C．Thegovernment'slackoffinancialsupport.D．Theirlackofeducationandknowledgeinnutrition.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的Thebiggerissuewaslikelythelackofeducationandnutritionalknowledgeinthesecommunities,whichpreventspeoplewithlowerincomesfromunderstandingthebenefitsofhealthyeating.可知，在食物荒漠地区缺乏教化和养分学问使得人们无法理解健康食物的好处。故选D项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Theworldisacolorfullandscapeofdifferentlanguages,skincolors,anddifferentcultures.It'simportanttohaveagoodunderstandingofdifferentculturesinordertobecomeawell­roundedperson.1Onewayistoreadbookswrittenbyauthorsfromaparticularculture.Readingworksbyauthorswhohaveacloserelationshipwithaparticularcultureallowspeopletogainanauthenticglimpseintothefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofaparticulargroupofpeople.2Anotherwaytolearnaboutdifferentculturesistotrytolearnaforeignlanguage.3Apersoncanchoosealanguageshehasalwayswantedtolearnandlocatelearningprogramstohelphermasterthelanguage.Besides,onecanenrollinaforeignlanguageclassinordertolearninamoreformalsetting.Onecanalsotrytovisitareasofthecitytoestablishsocialconnectionwithnativespeakersofthelanguage.4Seekoutrestaurantsthatfeatureauthenticfoodfromavarietyofcountries.Foodisanimportantpartofdifferentculturesandallowspeopletogaindeepunderstandingintoaparticularculturalgroup'swayoflife.Communicatingwithpeoplefromothercountriesthroughemailorsnailmailisanotherusefulwaytobecomefamiliarwithdifferentcultures.5Variouswebsitesofferpenpalservices,offeringtoconnectindividualswithpenfriendsaroundtheworld.A．Tryingauthenticfoodfromaspecificculturalgroupisalsoagreatidea.B．TheInternethasmadeitpossibletocommunicatewithothersfromdifferentcountries.C．Makingcontactwithnativespeakersofthelanguageallowsonetogainfirsthandknowledge.D．Thereareseveralwaystobecomeknowledgeableaboutdifferentcultures.E．Storiesbasedonalocalcultureexposeonetoadifferentculture.F．Onewaytodevelopthisappreciationistotrytoteamaboutotherculturesaroundtheworld.G．Avarietyoflanguage­learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsisavailable.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界是由不同语言、不同肤色和不同文化构成的丰富多彩的景观，因此，观赏不同的文化很重要。文章介绍了几种可以观赏不同文化的方法。1．选D前文It'simportanttohaveagoodunderstandingofdifferentculturesinordertobecomeawell­roundedperson.与D项Thereareseveralwaystobecomeknowledgeableaboutdifferentcultures.承接自然，differentcultures是关键词，且D项在此处起开启下文的作用，故选D项。2．选E上文Readingworksbyauthorswhohaveacloserelationshipwithaparticularcultureallowspeopletogainanauthenticglimpseintothefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofaparticulargroupofpeople.与E项Storiesbasedonalocalcultureexposeonetoadifferentculture.承接自然，上下文都讲解并描述基于当地文化的著作，particularculture和localculture是关键词，故选E项。3．选G前文Anotherwaytolearnaboutdifferentculturesistotrytolearnaforeignlanguage.与G项Avarietyoflanguage­learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsisavailable.承接自然，上文讲解并描述通过学习语言来学习一种文化，G项紧接着讲解并描述如何学习语言，language是关键词，故选G项。4．选A本段讲解并描述通过食物来了解文化，A项Tryingauthenticfoodfromasp