第02讲完形填空专题（原题版）

第02讲完形填空专题学习目标学习目标内容要求完形填空句内层次理解句际层次理解语篇层次理解知识讲解知识讲解完形填空对考生在语篇中准确理解和灵活运用词汇的能力的考查尤为突出，主要涉及名词、(短语)动词、形容词和副词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、以及熟词生义的判断。完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。1.

读透首句，掌握主旨重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。2.

跳空速读全文，掌握中心速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。3.

身临其境，故事重构采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。4.

关注末段，注意感想最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。5.

浏览全文，复查核定根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是：（1）语意是否前后一致；（2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；（3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构；（4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。课堂典例（2023秋·湖北·高二期中练习）OnedayBella,afuturepsychiatrist(精神病医生),visitedaclinicwithherteacher.Whiletheteacherwas___1___hisbusiness,Bellawasinvitedtowaitforhimintheartroom.Walkingin,Bellalookedwith___2___ateverythingaroundher.Suddenlyayoungman___3___,talkingloudlytohimself.HethrewaquicklookatBellaand___4___thepianointhecorner.Stoppingatthewindow,he___5___tospeak.Bellaassumedhewasapatientbecauseshefoundclearsignsof___6___inhisvoiceandthewavingofhisarms.Afterawhiletheyoungman___7___thepianoandstartedpressingthekeysrandomly.Bellathoughttheyoungmanmightbreakit.Bellafoundherselffacinga___8___patientwhenoneorderly(护工)appeared.Theorderlyaskediftherewasmuchworktodowiththepiano.Theyoungmanrepliedthathehadalready___9___itup.ThenBellanoticedaheadsetstickingoutoftheman’searandshewasterribly____10____.Hewasapianotuner.Atthispoint,theyoungman____11____askedtheorderlywhetheritwasnormaltoleaveapatient____12____attheclinic.“I’mavisitor,notapatient!”Bellaprotested.Bellawasterribly____13____.Notonlywassheafuturedoctor,unabletotellthe____14____betweenahealthypersonandapatient,butsheherselfwasconsideredcrazy!Hasty(草率的)conclusionstoooftenturnouttobe____15____andputoneinafoolishposition.Avoidthem.1．A．concernedabout B．disappointedat C．ashamedof D．occupiedwith2．A．regret B．gratitude C．interest D．anger3．A．entered B．escaped C．joked D．whispered4．A．tookup B．cleanedup C．struggledfor D．headedfor5．A．hesitated B．waited C．prepared D．continued6．A．madness B．happiness C．sadness D．calmness7．A．left B．opened C．played D．moved8．A．violent B．quiet C．lovely D．positive9．A．picked B．held C．set D．given10．A．unsatisfied B．excited C．embarrassed D．impatient11．A．frequently B．anxiously C．formally D．normally12．A．unannounced B．unattended C．unnamed D．untouched13．A．addicted B．amused C．absorbed D．annoyed14．A．gaps B．arguments C．differences D．relationships15．A．false B．obvious C．similar D．fruitless巩固练习巩固练习一、完形填空（2324高二上·安徽马鞍山·开学考试）OnaFridayeveninginDecember,Ilostmyjob.Thatwas1.Iwasexcitedabouttheweekend,whenmydaughterKristilandI2togetourChristmastree.ThenIlistenedtomyvoicemail:“Wearesorry,butwedecidedto3you.”Iwasasinglemotherandmyinewassurvival.Thenextday,Istruggledtobe4asIeyedtheChristmastreeprices.Overthenextweek,Iappliedfor5likecrazyasmybankaccountgrewsmaller.Onaweekendafternoon,IdroppedKristilina6munityforabirthdaypartysurroundedbyallthenicethingsthatwecouldn’t7.Idrovehomefeelingsad.Backathome,Ilookedoutthewindowattheheavysnowand8awomanopeninghercardooragainstthestrongwind.Asshe9,Irealizeditwasmyoldteacher,SisterEsther.Irushedoutandasked,“Whatareyoudoingoutinthis10?”Shesaid,“Ilookedforyouatyour11anditwassaidthatyouhadleft,soIthoughtIwould12.”Imadeherteaandwetalked.Beforeleaving,shehandedmeaChristmascard.LateronwhenIopenedhercard,Iwas13.Therewasalotofmoneyinside.TearsofgratitudefilledmyeyesasI14.SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.In2020,atageof91,SisterEstherdied,butthe15shegaveduringherlifelivesoninmyheart.1．A．unexpected B．unfair C．unavoidable D．unnecessary2．A．forgot B．refused C．managed D．planned3．A．judge B．monitor C．fire D．charge4．A．encouraged B．thoughtful C．surprised D．cheerful5．A．puddings B．posts C．shares D．places6．A．small B．safe C．wealthy D．unique7．A．remember B．afford C．find D．appreciate8．A．spotted B．felt C．imagined D．recognized9．A．camein B．walkedaway C．settleddown D．gotout10．A．business B．weather C．room D．situation11．A．pany B．school C．hotel D．house12．A．call B．drive C．visit D．pay13．A．shocked B．satisfied C．confused D．inspired14．A．searched B．counted C．packed D．celebrated15．A．guidance B．joy C．care D．advice二、完形填空（2324高二上·福建厦门·开学考试）WhenmyfatherandItraveledtoParis,NotreDamewasourfirststop.ButwhenwearrivedatNotreDame,wesawalonglineoutsideit.Evenso,wedidn’twantto16.WedecidedtogotothebackgardenofNotreDamewheretherewerefewtourists.Immersedinthebeautifulnaturalscenery,wewantedtotakesome17photos.Aswetriedtofindaphotographer,atall,slimFrenchman18towardusandshowedushewaswillingtotakepicturesforus.Tryingtogettheperfectshot,hekeptchangingthe19ofthecamera.However,afterafew20,hedidn’treturnourcamera.Hisbehaviorconfusedus.Butafterawhile,itbecame21.Heaskedfor10eurosaspaymentbeforehewouldreturnourcamera.Atthatpoint,IwassoangrythatI22toarguewithhim.Butmyfatherstoppedmeandpaidthemoney,witha(n)23expressiononhisface,themanwalkedawayquicklytosearchforhisnext24.Later,myfather25tome:There’snosuchthingasafreelunch.Soit’s26toaskforapaymentaftertakingphotosforus.Butifsomeoneofferstohelpyou,never27thekindnessjustbecauseofthisparticularevent.Mostactsofkindnessarepureandwithoutany28intention.29,wemetalotofwarmheartedlocalswhoguidedusandlentahandwhenweneededthem.Sojustremember,wecan’tthrowawaythe30becauseofitscore.16．A．setout B．missout C．putaside D．eabout17．A．memorable B．adorable C．available D．remarkable18．A．marched B．headed C．crashed D．wandered19．A．angel B．eagle C．angle D．edge20．A．signposts B．laps C．shots D．films21．A．shallow B．visible C．ridiculous D．clear22．A．attempted B．planned C．expected D．hesitated23．A．awkward B．satisfied C．indifferent D．disgusting24．A．purpose B．target C．agent D．clerk25．A．plained B．claimed C．explained D．argued26．A．forgivable B．necessary C．unusual D．convenient27．A．ignore B．judge C．pause D．reject28．A．negative B．harmless C．critical D．genuine29．A．Apparently B．Luckily C．Gradually D．Eventually30．A．banana B．object C．item D．apple三、完形填空（2324高二上·山西吕梁·阶段练习）HemanBekelewasnotatypicalhighschoolstudent.31spendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogames,this14yearoldwasconductingexperiments.Hisgoalwastocreatea32thatcouldtreatskincancer,andmakeitaffordableforeveryonewho33it.GrowingupinEthiopia,Africa,Heman34sawpeoplegettingsunburnedbythehotsunworkingoutside.Hedidn’t35muchofitwhenhewasreallylittle,butashe36herealizedhowseriousskincancerreallywas.Skincancerdoeshavecuresanditis37inmostcases.However,theaverage38ofskincancertreatmentisalmost$40,000.Whenhearingtheshocking39,Hemanplannedtocreateamore40andaccessiblesolution.Hestarteddoingexperimentsandworkingondifferentthings,whichturnedintohisbarofsoapasaproject.His41wonhimtheprizeinthisyear’s3MYoungScientist’sChallenge,apetitionthat42kidstothinkofuniquewaystosolveeverydayproblems.Hemanwassosurprisedand43whenhefirstheardthenewsofhisaward.“It’s44toseethatmyideascanbe45andseenbythesciencemunity,”hesaid.31．A．Dueto B．Asfor C．Ratherthan D．Regardlessof32．A．website B．product C．hospital D．school33．A．invests B．promotes C．approves D．needs34．A．constantly B．rarely C．objectively D．fortunately35．A．lose B．think C．use D．report36．A．walkedin B．turnedup C．grewup D．gavein37．A．preventable B．plex C．deadly D．treatable38．A．price B．speed C．wage D．life39．A．news B．figure C．secret D．sound40．A．temporary B．peaceful C．affordable D．possible41．A．speech B．honesty C．plan D．work42．A．reminds B．encourages C．warns D．orders43．A．overjoyed B．embarrassed C．frightened D．annoyed44．A．puzzling B．disappointing C．inspiring D．tiring45．A．protected B．permitted C．guided D．recognized四、完形填空（2324高二上·河南焦作·开学考试）28yearoldJermaineScottsetupinbusinessasabarberinMadison.Hegraduallynotedthekidswere46totabletsandcellphoneswhentheycametothebarbershop.Itwas47tocuttheirhairwhentheywerefocusedonthose.Thatledtothe48ofScott’s“BarbershopBooksDay”whenkidscouldeandgeta49haircut.Whatwasrequired?Theyhadto50abookwhiletheygotit.Hecreated“BarbershopBooksDay”tohelpnotonlythekids,butalsotheparents.Madisonhasmanylowinefamiliesandmanyarefocusedonjustkeepingtheir51on.Forpeopleinthismunity,$15forahaircutperkidisnoteasyto52soinsomewayareductioninthepricecan53.Scottbeganhisinitiative(倡议)by54fivelibrarybooksandputtingthemnearhischair.Book55beganpouringinwhenalocalnewsstation56whathewasdoing.Scottplansontakinghisinitiativeastepfurtherby57his“BarbershopBooksDay”toan“IceBreakerBookTour”wherehe58togetkidsexcitedtolearnwhilealsogivingthem59rolemodelsthroughmotivational(激发性的)speakers.Scottsaid,“IfIstepoutsidemyfortzoneandtellthemschooliscool,60itwillguidethemintherightdirection.”46．A．adapted B．reduced C．limited D．glued47．A．safe B．hard C．possible D．pleasant48．A．advertisement B．support C．celebration D．birth49．A．satisfying B．unique C．free D．discounted50．A．introduce B．publish C．read D．choose51．A．hands B．hair C．feet D．lights52．A．ignore B．believe C．afford D．refuse53．A．appear B．count C．exist D．progress54．A．stealing B．buying C．making D．borrowing55．A．contents B．titles C．orders D．donations56．A．reported B．stopped C．recorded D．confirmed57．A．adding B．applying C．paring D．expanding58．A．agrees B．intends C．deserves D．pretends59．A．intelligent B．official C．positive D．successful60．A．generally B．certainly C．accordingly D．hopefully五、完形填空（2324高二上·广东惠州·开学考试）AtanairportIoverheardafatheranddaughterintheirlastmomentstogether.Theairlinehadannouncedherplane’s61andhesaidtohisdaughter,“Iloveyou.Iwishyouenough.”Shesaid,“Daddy,ourlifetogetherhasbeenmorethanenough.Your62isallIneeded.Iwishyouenough,too,Daddy.”Theykissedgoodbyeandsheleft.Icouldseehewantedandneededtocry.Itriednotto63hisprivacy,butheweledmeinbyasking.“Didyoueversaygoodbyetosomeoneknowingitwouldbe64?”“Yes.”Ireplied.SayingthatbroughtbackmemoriesIhadofexpressingmyloveand65forallmyDadhaddoneforme.Recognizingthathisdayswere66,Ikepttellinghimfacetofacehowmuchhemeanttome.67,Iknewwhatthismanwasexperiencing.“Whyisthisaforevergoodbye?”Iasked.“Iamoldandshelivestoofaraway.Andthe68is,hernexttripbackwillbeformyfuneral(葬礼).”hesaid.“WhenyouweresayinggoodbyeIheardyousay,‘Iwishyouenough’.Whatdoesthatmean?”Hebegantosmile.“That’sawishthathasbeen69fromothergenerations.Myparentsusedtosayittoeveryone.”Hepausedandlookedupasiftryingtorememberit70.Hesmiledevenmore.“Whenwesaid‘Iwishyouenough’,wewantedyoutohavealifefilledwithenoughgoodthingsto71you,”hecontinuedandsharedthefollowingasifhewererecitingitfrom72.“Iwishyouenoughsuntokeepyourattitudebright.Iwishyouenoughpainsothatthesmallest73inlifeappearsmuchbigger.Iwishyouenoughgaintosatisfyyourdesire.Iwishyouenoughlosstoappreciateallthatyou74.”Hethenbeganto75andwalkedaway.61．A．leaving B．arrival C．delay D．cancel62．A．grocery B．wealth C．reward D．love63．A．disturb B．evaluate C．shelter D．pursue64．A．temporary B．separate C．blank D．forever65．A．sympathy B．appreciation C．approval D．greatness66．A．precise B．numerous C．limited D．wasted67．A．Naturally B．Gradually C．Unexpectedly D．Hopefully68．A．dream B．secret C．chance D．reality69．A．carriedout B．handeddown C．worndown D．sortedout70．A．indetail B．inaction C．onpurpose D．withregret71．A．access B．host C．label D．support72．A．history B．text C．memory D．childhood73．A．sadness B．misfortune C．joy D．mistake74．A．abandon B．possess C．wonder D．expect75．A．smile B．weep C．freeze D．shout六、完形填空（2324高二上·山东泰安·阶段练习）ThatyearIwasnineteenandstudyingchemistryatcollege.Myfamilythoughteducationwasthe76tosuccess.Iagreed.However,Ifeltdullinchemistryclass.Oneday,myprofessorasked,“Whyareyouherewhenyouhavelittle77inchemistry?”Itriedtoexplainbyblamingpressurefrommy78.Butapparentlyheknewitwasjusta(n)79excuse.Hesaid,“Yoursuccesscanonlybemeasuredbyyourself,butnotbyyourparents.Thereisnosecrettosuccess,noexaminationyouhaveto