高二英语第三次月考卷(全解全析)(译林版2020)

20232024学年高二英语第三次月考卷全卷满分：150分考试时间：120分钟第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.(2324高二下·山东济宁·期中)Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atravelexperience. B.Ahistorylesson. C.Atouristattraction.【答案】C【原文】W:Tom,wheredoyousuggestIgointheingholiday?M:WhynotvisitJinggangAncientTown?It’saveryfamousoldtown.Ithasalongandrichhistory.W:That’sgreat.Ireallyexpecttolearnmoreaboutthetown.2.(2324高二下·江苏苏州·阶段练习)Howdidthemanbookthehotelforhisholiday?A.OntheInternet. B.Onthephone. C.Atthetravelagency.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vebookedahotelformyholidayinItalynextmonth.Ican’twaittogo!W:Soundsexciting.I’dlovetogotoItaly,too.DidyoubookitontheInternet?M:No.Iphonedthetravelagency,andtheyfoundmejusttherightthing.3.(2324高二上·浙江绍兴·期末)Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Buyapainting. B.Gotothecinema. C.Playtennis.【答案】C【原文】M:NotonlydidIbuyapaintingtoday,butIalsobookedticketstothelatestmovie.W:Notfortomorrow,Ihope.I’llgotothetennisclubwithJane.M:No,they’reforthedayaftertomorrow.Iknewyouwouldnotbeavailabletomorrow.W:Youaresosweet.4.(2324高二下·江苏南京·阶段练习)Whydoesthewomanfeelupset?A.Shehasnomoneytobuyacar.B.Tomdidn’tlendhiscartoher.C.ShequarreledwithTom.【答案】B【原文】M:What’sthematter?Youdon’tseemtobeinagoodmood.W:It’sTom.Iaskedhimtolendmehiscartomorrow,andhesimplysaid“No”.Canyoubelievehowmeanhewas?5.(2324高二下·江西·阶段练习)Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Arrangeameeting. B.Makeanapology. C.Cancelameeting.【答案】A【原文】W:ProfessorChiu,IwaswonderingifIcouldeandseeyou.Iwanttotalktoyouaboutmypaper.M:Well,myopenofficehoursaretomorrow,fromtentotwelve.Canyouethen?W:Ihaveaclassuntileleven.CouldIeataround11:15?第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenLilyandJohn?A.Brotherandsister. B.Classmates. C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whydoesthemanwanttojoininthewoman’sactivity?A.Tohelpwithagoodcause.B.Tohavefunonthebeach.C.Tohaveaspecialcamping.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Lily,Iplannedtogocampingwithmysisterthisweekend.Wouldyouliketogowithus?W:Sorry,John,butIalreadyhaveplans.I’mgoingtothebeachwithourclassmatesGraceandDave.

M:Soundsgreat!Ialsowantsomefunonthebeach.CanIjoinyou?W:Sorry,butwe’renotgoingthereforfun.We’regoingtheretocleanupthebeach.We’vedecidedtocarryoutbeachcleanupseveryweekend.M:I’mpassionateaboutenvironmentalandclimatechangeprojects,too.Ithinktidyingtheseafrontisasimpleactionweallcantake.I’lldefinitelygowithyou.W:Good.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。(2324高二下·江苏南京·阶段练习)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Howlongwillittakethespeakerstogototheclubbycar?A.Aboutanhour. B.Abouthalfanhour. C.About10minutes.9.WhatisthewomangoingtodointheStudents’Club?A.Haveaswim. B.Playbasketball. C.Dosomerunning.10.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Attheschoolgate. B.Attheman’shome. C.Attheclub.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【原文】M:Areyoufreethisweekend?GototheStudents’Clubwithme,willyou?W:Hmm,isn’titfaraway?M:Notreally.It’sonlyabouthalfanhour’swalk.Ifyoudrivethere,itwilltakeyoujust10minutesatmost.W:Youoftengothereattheweekends,don’tyou?M:Yes,fourtimesamonth.W:SohowcanIenjoymyselfthere?M:Well,youcanplaybasketballandvolleyball.Ifyouarenotinterested,youcantrysomeindoorexercises.Theyhavealargeindoorswimmingpoolandanindoortrack.It’sagreatplacetogetrelaxed.W:OK.I’llhaveaswimthere.Howaboutmeetingmeattheschoolgate?Let’swalkthere.M:Sure.Seeyouthen.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。(2324高二下·贵州遵义·阶段练习)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Heworkedovertime. B.Hewentwalking. C.Hevisitedhisaunt.12.Whydoesthemangiveupseeingtheband?A.It’sboring. B.It’sexpensive. C.It’scrowded.13.WhatwillthespeakersdotogetheronSunday?A.Playtennis. B.Gosurfing. C.Watchafilm.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:AnyplansforSaturday,Carol?I’mgoingforawalkinthehills.Ifyouwanttoe.W:ThankyoubutI’mgoingtomyauntsfortheday.M:OK,wellIcan’twaitforSaturdayandSunday.Ihadtospendlastweekendwritingareport.W:Workingatweekendsisnofun,isit?So,whatareyoudoingafteryourwalk?M:Well,theNovobandisherebutIcan’taffordtheticket.W:Whydon’tyougotothecinemainstead?M:Thecinema’snotmyideaoffunreally.Soonerorlater,youcanseemostgoodfilmsonTV.W:Yeah,that’strue.So,anythingforSunday?I’dliketogosurfing.M:I’llplaytennis,butIcouldesurfingwithyou.Icanplaytennisanothertime.W:Okay,then.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。(2324高二上·陕西咸阳·期末)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhathelpsKarlmosttobeesuccessful?A.Hardwork. B.Goodtraining. C.Asetschedule.15.WhatdoesKarlusuallydobeforethegameday?A.Hehasgoodmeals. B.Hehasagoodrest. C.Hedoesmoretraining.16.WhendoesKarlgettothestadiumonthegameday?A.Atabout8:30a.m. B.Atabout9:00a.m. C.Atabout9:50a.m.17.WhydoKarl’steamwatchvideosofpastgames?A.Toavoidthemistakesthey’vemade.B.Torelaxthemselvespletely.C.Toknowtheopposingteam.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.C【原文】W:WelebacktoSoccerTips.We’retalkingtosoccerstarKarlKesseltofindoutwhatmakeshimsuchasuccessfulplayer.Karl?M:Well,purehardworkofcoursecontributesthemost.Besidesthat,goodtrainingandkeepingtoasetscheduleonthegamedayalsohelpmealot.W:Couldyoutellusabitaboutyourgamedayschedule?M:Well,it’simportanttogetalongrestthenightbeforeagame.Iusuallygetupprettylateonthedayswe’replaying.W:Whattime?M:About8:30a.m.Idon’teatrightaway.After30minutes,Iarriveatthestadium.ThenIhavebreakfastwiththeteamatabout9:50a.m.W:Doyouhaveateammeetingonthegameday?M:Ofcourse.Wegettogetherat12:00a.m.totalkaboutthegame.Wewatchvideosofpastgameswiththeotherteamat1:00p.m.W:Soyoucannoticeanymistakesyou’vemade?M:Justtoremindustheskillstheotherteamuse.W:Whataboutwarmingupbeforethegame?M:Wedowarmupexercisesstartingatabout4:45p.m.,sowe’rereadytoplaybythetimethegamestartsat5:30p.m.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。(2324高二上·浙江绍兴·期末)听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Todiscussaplan.B.TointroduceabusinesswomanC.Tomakeanannouncement.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutJaneDoe?A.SheisveryexperiencedinwritingB.Sheisgoingtostartworkintheafternoon.C.Shewillworkinthehumanresourcesdepartment.20.Whenwillthereceptionbeheld?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnThursdaymorning. C.OnFridayafternoon.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【原文】Goodafternoon,guys.IamgladtotellyouthatJaneDoeisgoingtojoinourteamstartingonJune1st,thisThursday.Sheworkedatafamouswritingpanyoverthepastfiveyears,soitisexpectedthatshewillbringawealthofknowledgeregardingwriting.JaneDoewillworkasabusinesswriterintheeditorialdepartment.Ifyouworkwithherinthesamedepartment,pleasedolookforanopportunitytogreetherinpersonandhelpbreakherin.Weareasmallbutenergeticteamofcreativepeople.Weareexcitedtowelenewperspectivesandapproaches.Pleaseletherknowthatweareexcitedaboutherjoiningourteam.Besides,ourcolleaguesinthehumanresourcesdepartmenthavepreparedareceptionforthisFridayintheconferenceroomtoweleJaneDoe.Pleasejoinusat3p.m.foracupcakeandicedtea.ItwouldbemuchappreciatedifyoucouldjoinmeingivingJaneawarmweleinourpany.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。A(2324高二下·广东广州·阶段练习)◆WhatAreWeTalkingAbout?It’scalledtheMozzyWatch.Itisastylishandfortablebandthatinstantlybringspeaceofmind,foritkeepsthoseannoyingmosquitoesaway.Itismadeofahardenedceramicmaterial,soitisverytoughandalmostunbreakable.◆________MozzyWatchusesultrasonicsoundstorepel(驱除)mosquitoesandflies!Theseultrasonicfrequenciesarepletelyharmlesstohumansandpets.Atfirst,wewereskepticalabouthowthisdevicecouldworkwithouttheuseofchemicals.So,wedecidedtotestitandtheresultswereamazing.EveryoneonourteamexperiencedwonderfulresultsafterusingMozzyWatch.◆KeyMozzyWatchFeatures,Facts,andBenefits:□pletelysafeEveryonecanusethisdevice:kids,pregnantwomenandevenpets.Itusesnochemicalsandtheultrasonicsoundsitproduceshavebeenprovensafe.□fortableMozzyWatchislightweightandstylish.□RechargeablewithlongbatterylifeItcanbechargedusinganormalUSBchargerandthebatterycanlastuptooneweek.□ImprovesqualityofsleepNomoreannoyingbuzzingmosquitosoundsaroundyourears.◆HowMuchDoestheMozzyWatchCost?TheMozzyWatchisjust$79.90,whichismorethanworthit,consideringhowmuchyousaveonthelongrun.Butitgetsevenbetter!Ifyouclickonanyofthepromotionaldiscountcouponsbelow,you’llgetitfor$49ANDFREESHIPPINGWORLDWIDE!◆HowDoIGettheMozzyWatch?Nowthatyouknowaboutthisamazingnewproduct,orderonefromtheofficialsupplier’swebsitehere:s://top/mozzywatchEnjoypeaceofmindfreefromannoyingmosquitoesandinsects!21.WhichwouldbethebestheadingforParagraph2?A.WhyDoWeNeedMozzyWatch?B.WhoAreSuitabletoWearMozzyWatch?C.HowDoesMozzyWatchWorktoProtectYou?D.HowDidOurTeamDotheTestonMozzyWatch?22.HowdoestheauthorpromoteMozzyWatchtoconsumers?A.Bydescribingitsstylishdesignindetail.B.Byhighlightingitsuniquetechnicalfeatures.C.Byofferingfeedbackfromthousandsofusers.D.Bygivingspecialbuyonegetonefreediscounts.23.Onwhatkindofwebsitewouldyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Sports. B.Opinion. C.Biology. D.Health.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了一款名为MozzyWatch的产品，它有驱蚊功效，并介绍了它的作用、技术原理、价格和购买方式。21.主旨大意题。根据第二段关键句“MozzyWatchusesultrasonicsoundstorepel(驱除)mosquitoesandflies!Theseultrasonicfrequenciesarepletelyharmlesstohumansandpets.(MozzyWatch使用超声波驱除蚊子和苍蝇！这些超声波频率对人类和宠物是完全无害的。)”可知，第二段介绍了MozzyWatch如何驱除蚊子和苍蝇并保护人类免受伤害的。“HowDoesMozzyWatchWorkToProtectYou?”意为“MozzyWatch是如何保护你的？”能够概括段落主旨。故选C项。22.推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“MozzyWatchusesultrasonicsoundstorepel(驱除)mosquitoesandflies!Theseultrasonicfrequenciesarepletelyharmlesstohumansandpets.(MozzyWatch使用超声波驱除蚊子和苍蝇！这些超声波频率对人类和宠物是完全无害的。)”可知，第二段介绍了MozzyWatch使用超声波驱除蚊子和苍蝇，并对人类和宠物是完全无害的。根据第三段主旨句“KeyMozzyWatchFeatures,Facts,andBenefits(MozzyWatch的主要特色、事实和优势)”可知，作者在这段介绍了MozzyWatch的特色和优势，包括文中提到的pletelysafe(完全安全)、fortable(舒适的)和Improvesqualityofsleep(改善睡眠质量)等。由此可知，作者是通过突出其独特的技术特色来向消费者推销MozzyWatch的。故选B项。23.推理判断题。浏览文章，根据第一段关键句“It’scalledtheMozzyWatch.Itisastylishandfortablebandthatinstantlybringspeaceofmind,foritkeepsthoseannoyingmosquitoesaway.(它叫MozzyWatch。这是一个时尚和舒适的手环，戴上它能够立即带来大脑的平静，因为它可以让那些讨厌的蚊子远离。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为MozzyWatch的产品，它有驱蚊功效，且对人类的身体完全无害。这款产品和人的健康有关，由此可知，你可能会在健康网站上找到这篇文章。故选D项。B(2324高二下·湖北·阶段练习)IhavebeenahealthcareassistantwithMarieCurieforfouryears.Whatledmetojointhisremarkableorganizationwasadeeplypersonalexperience.Sevenyearsago,myfatherwasinthehospital,andIwasinformedthathewasintheendoflifestage.Hehadwantedtobeathomeduringhisfinalmoments,soIarrangedforhimtoreturnhome.Hespentonlyonemorenightthere,buthewasn’talone.AMarieCurienursewasbyourside.Facingtheemotionsthatewithknowingalovedoneisattheendoftheirlifecanbeheartbreaking.Havinganursewithusmadeiteasiertodealwiththesefeelings.That’swhenImadethedecisiontojoinMarieCurie.Workingforthecharity,IfindmyselfondutyduringmostChristmases.Weoperateeverysingleday,includingholidays.YoumightassumethatbeingwithfamiliesduringtheirlastChristmas,knowingit’sadifficulttimeforthepersonthey’recaringfor,wouldbeasadexperience.Butwhatmaysurpriseyouisthatit’snot.Thefamilies,inmyexperience,arenotsad.Theymakethemostofthetimetheyhaveleftandtheyremainpositiveforeveryoneknowswhat’sing.Theyunderstandthattheirlovedoneisdying,butit’snotatimeforsorrow,it’satimeoftogethernessandwarmth.Irememberoneparticularfamily—threesisters—andthefourthwasintheendoflifestage.WhenIarrived,shewasinacriticalcondition,andIknewshemightnotmakeitthroughthenight.Butsittingwiththesisters,talkingabouttheirchildhood,recallingwhathappenedinthepastwasaspecialtime.Theymentionedthattheirsisterhadaskedforpeachesandcreamearlierthatday,andtheymadesureshegotwhatshewanted.Shewenttosleep,andwelostherthatnight.Wecan’tchangewhathappenstous,butwecanmakeadifference.Weprovidesupportthroughthestagesofsadnessandstruggles.And,surprisingly,peoplemaynotsufferthatmuch.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieCuriefromthepassage?A.Itisaremarkablehealthcareorganizationforbenefit.B.Itisoneofthemostvolunteerorganizationsintheworld.C.Itwon’toffertheserviceduringsomeimportantfestivals.D.Itcanbeabigforttothosefacingtheirbelovedones’death.25.Whydoestheauthorcallthefamilymentionedinparagraph3“particular”?A.Becauseofthespecialrelationshipbetweenthem.B.Becauseoftheirunusualandabnormalbehaviour.C.Becauseofthecountlesshardshipthefamilyhassuffered.D.Becauseofthefamily’scourageandcalmnessfacingmisfortune.26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. B.Misfortunemightbeanactualblessing.C.Wherethereisaction,thereisdifference. D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethevolunteersinMarieCurie?A.Devotedandcaring. B.Giftedandgenerous.C.Hardworkingandhonest. D.Sensitiveanddetermined.【答案】24.D25.D26.C27.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入MarieCurie这个为临终患者提供医疗服务的机构的原因，以及自己加入后的一些经历和感受。24.推理判断题。根据第二段中“AMarieCurienursewasbyourside.Facingtheemotionsthatewithknowingalovedoneisattheendoftheirlifecanbeheartbreaking.Havinganursewithusmadeiteasiertodealwiththesefeelings.(一位MarieCurie的护士在我们身边。知道所爱的人走到了生命的尽头，面对这种情绪会让人心碎。有护士陪着我们更容易处理这些情绪)”和第三段中“YoumightassumethatbeingwithfamiliesduringtheirlastChristmas,knowingit’sadifficulttimeforthepersonthey’recaringfor,wouldbeasadexperience.Butwhatmaysurpriseyouisthatit’snot.Thefamilies,inmyexperience,arenotsad.(你可能会认为，和家人一起度过他们的最后一个圣诞节，知道这对他们关心的人来说是一段艰难的时光，会是一种悲伤的经历。但令你惊讶的是，事实并非如此。根据我的经验，这些家庭并不悲伤)”可知，在作者自己的经历，以及其他患者家属的经历中，MarieCurie的工作人员为患者的家属提供了一些安慰和照顾。由此可知，对于那些面对亲人死亡的人来说，这个机构是一个很大的安慰。故选D。25.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Irememberoneparticularfamily—threesisters—andthefourthwasintheendoflifestage.WhenIarrived,shewasinacriticalcondition,andIknewshemightnotmakeitthroughthenight.Butsittingwiththesisters,talkingabouttheirchildhood,recallingwhathappenedinthepastwasaspecialtime.Theymentionedthattheirsisterhadaskedforpeachesandcreamearlierthatday,andtheymadesureshegotwhatshewanted.Shewenttosleep,andwelostherthatnight.(我记得有一个家庭——三个姐妹——第四个已经到了生命的最后阶段。当我到达时，她情况危急，我知道她可能活不过今晚。但是和姐妹们坐在一起，谈论他们的童年，回忆过去发生的事情是一个特殊的时刻。她们提到她们的妹妹那天早些时候要了桃子和奶油，她们确保她得到了她想要的。她睡着了，那晚我们失去了她)”可知，这个特殊的家庭面对这种情况并没有慌张，而是聚在一起，回忆过去，尽量满足患者的要求。由此推知，这个家庭的特殊之处在于面对不幸时的勇气和冷静。故选D。26.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wecan’tchangewhathappenstous,butwecanmakeadifference.Weprovidesupportthroughthestagesofsadnessandstruggles.And,surprisingly,peoplemaynotsufferthatmuch.(我们无法改变发生在我们身上的事情，但我们可以产生影响。我们在悲伤和挣扎的阶段提供支持。而且，令人惊讶的是，人们可能不会遭受那么多痛苦)”可知，作者认为人无法改变不幸，但却可以通过提供支持来削弱那种痛苦。由此可知，作者想表达的是哪里有行动，哪里就有不同。故选C。27.推理判断题。根据第二段中“AMarieCurienursewasbyourside.Facingtheemotionsthatewithknowingalovedoneisattheendoftheirlifecanbeheartbreaking.Havinganursewithusmadeiteasiertodealwiththesefeelings.(一位MarieCurie的护士在我们身边。知道所爱的人走到了生命的尽头，面对这种情绪会让人心碎。有护士陪着我们更容易处理这些情绪)”和第三段中“Workingforthecharity,IfindmyselfondutyduringmostChristmases.(在这家慈善机构工作，我发现自己在大多数圣诞节期间都要值班)”可推知，MarieCurie的志愿者有奉献精神且关心他人。故选A。C(2324高二下·江苏苏州·阶段练习)Establishedearthquakewarningsystemsprovideatbestjustaminuteortwoofnotice,leavinglittletimeforpreparedness.Decadesofsearchingforabetterwarningsignchangesinthegeochemistryofgroundwater,electromagneticeffectsintheupperatmosphere,andevenchangesinanimalbehaviorhavefailed.Manyquestionwhethersuchaprecursor(先兆)evenexists.Thissituationmaychangesoon,asrecentresearchisprovidingaglimmerofhopeforimprovedearthquakeprediction.ResearchersQuentinBleteryandJeanMathieuNocquetfromCoted’AzurUniversityinFrancecollecteddatafromover90earthquakeswithmagnitudeslargerthan7thathadoccurredinthepasttwodecades.TheyfocusedonGPSstationrecordsnearthesequakes,whichaccuratelycapturedlandmovementevery5minuteswithmillimeterprecision.Theyanalyzedmorethan3,000timeseriesofmotioninthe48hoursleadinguptothemainruptures(断裂).Theynoticedthat,inthefirst46hours,therecordsshowednosignificantfeatures.However,duringthe2hoursbeforetheearthquake,theynoticedsignsofincreasingmovementalongthefaultzones(断层带).Essentially,there’saslipbetweenplatescausingthelandabovethemtomoveinameasurable,horizontaldirection.Couldthisbejustacoincidence?Theprobabilityofthisincreasehappeningjustbeforethequakeandbeingunrelatedisextremelylow,andtheresearchersconfirmedthisbyanalyzing100,000randomtimewindowsinnonearthquakeGPSdata.Thepatternoccurredonly0.03%ofthetimeinnonearthquakedata.Whilethisprecursorsignalwon’tbeusedforwarningsanytimesoon,officialsfromtheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)admitthatthisnewstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsintohowtoimprovetheirwarningsystemsGPSdatacangreasethewheelsofearlyearthquakewarnings.Theresearchersadmitthey'restillanumberofstepsawayfromputtingthisprecursorsignalintouse,particularlysincedetectingsubtlesignalsatindividualfaultsrequiresmoreGPSstations.Butthebiggestproblemisthatmanyoftheworld’searthquakeregionshavenoinstrumentation.“Wecan’trealizethedetectionatthescaleofoneearthquake,sowecannotmakepredictions,”Bleterysaid.28.Whatremainsatoughproblemforscientists?A.Determiningthemagnitudeofanearthquake.B.Findingawaytodetectearthquakesinearlystages.C.Measuringatmosphericchangesduringearthquakes.D.Identifyinganimals’possibleresponsestoearthquakes.29.Whatdidtheresearchersfindthroughtheirdataanalysis?A.Thechanceofmainrupturesoccurringinfaultzones.B.TheaccuracyofGPSinrecordinglandmovement.C.Theexistenceofatwohourprecursoryphase.D.Thehorizontalslipwithinthefirst46hours.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“greasethewheelsof”inparagraph5mean?A.Distinguish B.Contradict C.Overmatch D.Facilitate31.Whatholdsbackthepracticalapplicationofthenewfindings?A.Theinaccessibilityofprecursorsignals.B.TheplexityofupdatingGPSequipment.C.Thechallengeofidentifyingearthquakeregions.D.Theinconsistentslippatternsofdifferentearthquakes.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于一种地震前兆信号的新研究，给地震预测带来了希望。并主要介绍了这项研究的过程，价值以及阻碍。28.细节理解题。根据第一段“Decadesofsearchingforabetterwarningsignchangesinthegeochemistryofgroundwater,electromagneticeffectsintheupperatmosphere,andevenchangesinanimalbehaviorhavefailed.Manyquestionwhethersuchaprecursor(先兆)evenexists.(几十年来，人们一直在寻找更好的预警信号——地下水地球化学的变化、高层大气的电磁效应，甚至动物行为的变化——但都以失败告终。许多人甚至质疑这样的前兆是否存在。)”可知，科学家们仍然面临的难题是找到早期阶段监测地震的方法，故选B。29.细节理解题。根据第三段“Theynoticedthat,inthefirst46hours,therecordsshowednosignificantfeatures.However,duringthe2hoursbeforetheearthquake,theynoticedsignsofincreasingmovementalongthefaultzones(断层带).(他们注意到，在最初的46个小时里，记录没有显示出明显的特征。然而，在地震发生前的2小时内，他们注意到沿断裂带移动增加的迹象。)”可知，研究人员通过数据分析发现地震发生前2小时前兆的存在。故选C。30.词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“Whilethisprecursorsignalwon'tbeusedforwarningsanytimesoon,officialsfromtheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)admitthatthisnewstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsintohowtoimprovetheirwarningsystems(虽然这种前兆信号短期内不会用于预警，但美国地质调查局(USGS)的官员承认，这项新研究为如何改进他们的预警系统提供了有价值的见解)”故推测下文意思是GPS数据可以推动早期地震预警的进展，所以greasethewheelsof意思是推动进展，故选D。31.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersadmitthey'restillanumberofstepsawayfromputtingthisprecursorsignalintouse,particularlysincedetectingsubtlesignalsatindividualfaultsrequiresmoreGPSstations.Butthebiggestproblemisthatmanyoftheworld'searthquakeregionshavenoinstrumentation.“Wecan'trealizethedetectionatthescaleofoneearthquake,sowecannotmakepredictions,”Bleterysaid.(研究人员承认，他们距离将这种前兆信号投入使用还有很长的路要走，特别是因为在单个断层处检测细微信号需要更多的GPS站。但最大的问题是，世界上许多地震地区没有仪器。“我们无法在一次地震的规模上实现探测，所以我们无法做出预测，”布莱里说。)”由此可知因为很多地震地区没有仪器，所以我们很难监测前兆信号，也就是前兆信号的不可接近性阻碍了新发现的实际应用，故选A。D(2324高二下·江苏泰州·阶段练习)Placedbeforeyouaretwopots.Eachcontains100balls.Youaregivenacleardescriptionofthefirstpot’scontents,inwhichthereare50redballsand50blackballs.Theeconomistrunningtheexperimentistightlippedaboutthesecond,sayingonlythatthereare100ballsdividedbetweenredandblackinsomepercentage.Thenyouareofferedachoice.Pickaredballfromapotandyouwillgetamilliondollars.Whichpotwouldyouliketopullfrom?Nowtryagain,butselectablackball.Whichpotthistime?Mostpeoplechoosethefirstpotbothtimes,despitesuchachoiceimplyingthattherearebothmoreandfewerredballsthaninthesecondpot.ThisfactisknownastheEllsbergparadoxafterDanielEllsberg,whocalledthebehaviourhateuncertainty.Itrevealsadeeperproblemfacingtheworldasitstruggleswithclimatechange.

Ignoranceofthefuturecarriesacosttoday:uncertaintymakesrisksuninsurable,orattheveryleastexpensive.Thelessinsurersknowaboutrisks,themorecapitaltheyneedtoprotecttheirbalancesheetsagainstpossiblelosses.Insuranceisatoolofclimateadaptation.Indeed,insurancecalculatorshaveasbigaroletoplayasactivistsinthefightagainstclimatechange.Withoutinsurance,thosewhosehomesburninawildfireoraredestroyedbyafloodwillloseeverything.Insurancecanalsobeamotiveforcorrectiveaction.Higherinsuranceexpenses,whichaccuratelyreflectrisk,stimulatepeopletoadaptsooner,whetherbydiscouragingbuildinginriskyareasorencouragingpeopletomoveawayfromhighfireriskland.Ifpricesarewrong,societywillbemorehurtbyahotterworldthanotherwisewouldbethecase.Politiciansconsideringfinancialaidforhomeinsuranceonfloodplainsoughttonote.32.Theexperimentofthetwopotsshowsthat___________.A.instinctsometimesworksbetterthanreasoning B.mostpeoplepreferpredictabilitytouncertaintyC.peoplearewillingtotakeriskstogetareward D.itisimpossibletoalwaysmaketherightdecision33.What’sthefunctionsofinsurance?A.Itraisespeople’sawarenessofclimatechange. B.Itpreventspeoplefromtakingrisks.C.Itmotivatespeopletoadapttoriskyenvironment. D.Ithelpsclimaterefugeestorelocate.34.What’sauthor’sattitudetowardsfinancialaidsforhomeinsurance?A.Opposing B.Supportive C.Uncertain D.Ambiguous35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Preventionisbetterthanremedy B.ImprovingforecastcanreduceuncertaintyC.Uncertaintypushesupthepriceofinsurance D.Speedyactionisurgentlyneededforclimatechange【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.C【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章通过埃尔斯伯格悖论阐述了全球日益变暖导致气候变化的背景下，风险的不确定性如何推高保险价格，以及准确反应风险的保险定价对于适应适应气候变化、规避风险的重要性。32.细节理解题。根据第一段“Placedbeforeyouaretwopots.Eachcontains100balls.Youaregivenacleardescriptionofthefirstpot’scontents,inwhichthereare50redballsand50blackballs.Theeconomistrunningtheexperimentistightlippedaboutthesecond,sayingonlythatthereare100ballsdividedbetweenredandblackinsomepercentage.Thenyouareofferedachoice.Pickaredballfromapotandyouwillgetamilliondollars.Whichpotwouldyouliketopullfrom?Nowtryagain,butselectablackball.Whichpotthistime?Mostpeoplechoosethefirstpotbothtimes,despitesuchachoiceimplyingthattherearebothmoreandfewerredballsthaninthesecondpot.(摆在你面前的是两个罐子。每个装有100个球。你会得到第一个罐子内容的清晰描述，里面有50个红色的球和50个黑色的球。负责这项实验的经济学家对第二个守口如瓶，只说有100个球按一定比例分为红色和黑色。然后你可以选择。从锅里挑一个红色的球，你会得到一百万美元。你想从哪个锅里选？现在再试一次，但选择一个黑色的球。这次是哪个罐子？大多数人两次都选择第一个锅，尽管这样的选择意味着红球比第二个罐子多也少。)”可知，在这个实验中，大多数人更愿意从已知比例的罐子中抽取球，在选择时更倾向于可预测的结果；结合第二段“ThisfactisknownastheEllsbergparadoxafterDanielEllsberg,whocalledthebehaviourhateuncertainty.(这一事实被称为埃尔斯伯格悖论，以丹尼尔·埃尔斯伯格的名字命名，他称这种行为是对模糊性的厌恶。)”可知，两个罐子的试验结果表明大多数人喜欢可预测性，厌恶不确定性。故选B。33.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Insuranceisatoolofclimateadaptation.(保险是适应气候变化的一种工具。)”以及“Withoutinsurance,thosewhosehomesburninawildfireoraredestroyedbyafloodwillloseeverything.Insurancecanalsobeamotiveforcorrectiveaction.Higherinsuranceexpenses,whichaccuratelyreflectrisk,stimulatepeopletoadaptsooner,whetherbydiscouragingbuildinginriskyareasorencouragingpeopletomoveawayfromhighfireriskland.(如果没有保险，那些房屋被野火烧毁或被洪水摧毁的人将失去一切。保险也可以成为纠正措施的动机。更高的保险费用准确地反映了风险，刺激人们更快地适应，无论是通过阻止在危险地区建房，还是鼓励人们离开高火灾风险地区。)”可知，保险可以帮助遭受自然灾害的人们，避免他们失去一切；当保费准确反映相关风险时，就会激励人们尽早适应，可以通过阻止高风险地区的建设或鼓励人们从火灾多发地区搬迁来降低风险。由此可知，保险的作用是促使人们适应有风险的环境。故选C。34.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Insurancecanalsobeamotiveforcorrectiveaction.Higherinsuranceexpenses,whichaccuratelyreflectrisk,stimulatepeopletoadaptsooner,whetherbydiscouragingbuildinginriskyareasorencouragingpeopletomoveawayfromhighfireriskland.Ifpricesarewrong,societywillbemorehurtbyahotterworldthanotherwisewouldbethecase.Politiciansconsideringfinancialaidforhomeinsuranceonfloodplainsoughttonote.(保险也可以成为纠正措施的动机。更高的保险费用准确地反映了风险，刺激人们更快地适应，无论是通过阻止在危险地区建房，还是鼓励人们离开高火灾风险地区。如果价格是错误的，世界变暖对社会的伤害将比其他情况更大。考虑为洪水平原地区的家庭保险提供财政援助的政客们应该注意到这一点。)”可知，作者认为，当保费准确反映相