重庆市长寿中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

重庆市长寿中学校20242025学年高三开学考试英语试题注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.WhyhasSusanbeenbusyinthelibraryrecently?A.Foraproject.B.Forexams.C.Forvolunteerwork.2Whatisthemainreasonfordoctorstoremendbikeriding?A.Itcanmakelegsslim.B.Itcanmakeyouputonweight.C.Itcanbuildupthebody.3.Whatwillthemandotomorrowmorning?A.Picksomeoneup.B.Taketheplane.C.Seethewomanoff.4.Whatisthemanˈssuggestion?A.Takingarest.B.Goingforacoffee.C.Havingasnack.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thewoman’sgarden.B.Thewoman’scooking.C.Theirgrandma’shealth.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.7.WhatwillMaxdonext?A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.听下面一段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inamanagerˈsoffice.C.Inaschool.9.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.听下面一段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdoesMichellesayaboutShanghaiDumplingKingonCenterStreet?A.Itˈsfaraway.B.Itˈsunpopular.C.Itˈsclosed.11.WhatwillMichelleordertoday?A.Steamedbuns.B.Shanghaieggrolls.C.Greenonionpancakes.12.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.听下面一段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheaimofthecampaign?A.ToremindpeopleofEarthDay.B.Toencouragepeopletoreducegarbage.C.Towarnpeopleofthebadeffectsofpollution.14.Whatwillbethetaskonthesecondday?A.Plantingtrees.B.Designingposters.C.Collectinggarbage.15.Whatdoesthemanexpecttheteacherstodo?A.Paintpaper.B.Stopdrivingcars.C.Decorateclassrooms.16.HowdoesSarafindtheman'sideas?A.Terrible.B.Confusing.C.Wonderful.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker?A.Toforecasttheweather.B.Tokeeppeopleinformed.C.Tomakeanadvertisement.18.WhatcausesflightstoSouthAmericarisky?A.Aterriblestorm.B.Heavyairtraffic.C.Mechanicalproblems.19.Whatwilltheairpaniesdoforpassengersiftheflightsarecanceled?A.Allowthemtochangeflightroutes.B.Offerthemfreehotels.C.Returnalltheirmoney.20.Whichplaceisincludedinthenogolist?A.Cairo.B.Panama.C.BuenosAires.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AUrbangardensarevaluableassetstomunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildmunitycohesion(凝聚力),makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.So,let’scheckoutourlistof4inspiringurbangardensintheUS.GothamGreensWhere:NewYork&ChicagoWhat:GothamGreensfirststartedinBrooklynandnowhasfourlocationsinNewYorkCityandChicago.TheirflagshipfarminBrooklynproducesover100,000poundsofgreensperyear.Butitdoesn’tjustproducehealthylocalvegetables.Itisusinghightechgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudentsWhere:Baltimore,MarylandWhat:TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(BUGS)programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafterschoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon’thaveaccesstogreenspacesandhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.ReVisionUrbanFarmWhere:Boston,MassachusettsWhat:ReVisionUrbanFarminBostonworksinpartnershipwiththeReVisionFamilyHomeashelterfor22homelessparentsandtheirkids.Thefarmprovidesthesefamilieswithinformationonhealthyeating,andaccesstothefarm’sfreshvegetables.Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty,SwaleWhere:NewYorkWhat:Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.ThisurbangardenservesasbothalivingartexhibitandaneducationalfarmFoodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvineseachoneplementingtheotherinasymbiotic(共生的)relationship.1.Whatisspecialabout(GothamGreens)?A.Itoffershomelessfamiliesinformationonhealthyeating.B.Itcreatesasustainablegardenonalargeboat.C.Itprovidesjobtrainingforstudents.D.Ituseshightechgreenhousestogrowhealthyfood.2.Whichurbangardenoffersfirsthandfarmingexperience?A.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents B.SwaleC.RevisionUrbanFarm D.GothamGreens3.Whatdothesefoururbangardenshaveinmon?A.Theycreatejobopportunitiesforfarmers.B.Theyareinspirationalmultinationalproject.C.Theyareimportantforcitydwellers(居民,居住者).D.Theyhaveeducationalandentertainingpurposes.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们为种植可持续粮食提供绿色空间，建立社区凝聚力等等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“GothamGreens(哥谭镇蔬菜)”部分中的“Itisusinghightechgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.(该公司正在使用带有太阳能电池板的高科技温室，以确保种植的食物是健康和可持续的。)”可知，它使用了高科技温室种植健康的食物。故选D项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(巴尔的摩城市园艺与学生)”部分中的“Manyofthesekidsdon’thaveaccesstogreenspaces,andhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.(这些孩子中的许多人没有机会接触绿色空间，也从来没有机会种植食物。)”可知，来这里进行园艺活动的孩子从来没有接触过农作，也从来没有机会尝试种植食物，由此可以推测出，该城市花园能向学生提供第一手的耕作经验。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Urbangardensarevaluableassetstomunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildmunityunity,makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.(城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。他们提供绿色空间来种植可持续的食物，建立社区团结，结交新朋友，与地球联系等等。)”可知，文章主要讲的是城市花园对城市人们的影响。由此可以推出，后文提到的四个城市花园都对城镇居民来说很重要。故选C项。BPaulDurietzisa76yearoldsocialstudiesteacherfromIllinois.OnSeptember1,hesetaGuinnessWorldRecordfortheworld’slongestteachingcareer.Hehasbeenteachingfor53yearssincehewas23yearsold.Mr.Durietzbecameinterestedinhistoryafterhearingstoriesfromhisfather.Hemadeuphismindaboutbeingasocialstudiesteacherwhenhewasjust11yearsoldmainlybecauseofhisloveofhistory.Mr.DurietzgothisfirstteachingjobatWoodlandMiddleSchoolinGurnee,Illinoisin1970.Eversincethen,he’sbeenteachingsocialstudiesatthesameschool.Forhim,teachingisneverboringbecauseeverydayisdifferent.Helovessharinghisknowledgeofhistorywithstudents.Thingshavechangedalotsincehebeganallthoseyearsago.Whenhestarted,hewroteonablackboardwithchalk,andthestudentsusedpapertextbooks.Thesedays,heandthestudentsuseputersanddigitalwhiteboards.Thoughtechnologyhaschangedalot,inMr.Durietz’seyes,thestudentsarestillprettymuchthesameexceptthatnowtheyhavecellphones.Andwithorwithouttechnology,Mr.Durietzhasusedcreativeactivitiestohelphisstudentslearn.Forexample,hehasorganizedvirtualfieldtrips,geographycontests,andspecialdaysabouttheUSCivilWar.Tohelphisstudentslearnaboutpolitics,hehasevenorganizedmock(模拟的)electionsatschool,whichhisstudentsenjoyedmost.Formuchofhis53yearsasateacher,Mr.DurietzhasbeeninchargeofthesocialstudiesprogramatWoodland.Inthattime,hehashelpedtoguideover20othersocialstudiesteachersattheschool.Tohisextremepride,hehasevenhadstudentsebackandtellhimthattheybecamehistoryteachersbecauseofhim.Mr.Durietzwasn’treallytryingtosetarecord.Hewasjustdoingwhatheloved.Hehasnoplanstoretireanytimesoon.Hehopestobreakhisownrecord.Healsohopestosetanotherrecordastheteacherwho’sworkedthelongestatthesameschool.“Keepworkingonwhatyoulovetodoinlife,”healwayssays.4.Mr.DurietzreceivedanawardfromGuinnessfor______.A.beingtheoldestteacherinIllinoisB.beingthebestsocialstudiesteacherC.havingthelongestyearsofteachingD.working53yearsatthesameschool5.WhathasmadeMr.Durietzmostproudofhiswork?A.Sharinghisknowledgeofhistory.B.Studentsenjoyingthemockelections.C.Guidingover20otherteachersatWoodland.D.Studentsfollowinghisexampletobeteachers.6.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeMr.Durietz?A.Passionate. B.Generous. C.Ambitious. D.Confident.7.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Befamousasyoungaspossible.CYouhavegottolikewhatyoudo.D.Whenworkisapleasure,lifeisjoy.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。通过描述社会学教师PaulDurietz的教育生涯、他的教学方法以及对教育的热情来展示他的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“OnSeptember1,hesetaGuinnessWorldRecordfortheworld’slongestteachingcareer.Hehasbeenteachingfor53yearssincehewas23yearsold.(9月1日，他创造了世界上最长的教学生涯的吉尼斯世界纪录。他从23岁开始教书53年。)”可知，Mr.Durietz因最长的教学年限获得了吉尼斯奖，故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第七段中“Tohisextremepride,hehasevenhadstudentsebackandtellhimthattheybecamehistoryteachersbecauseofhim.(令他极度自豪的是，他甚至有学生回来告诉他，他们因为他而成为历史老师。)”可知，Mr.Durietz最自豪的是学生以他为榜样成为老师。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Forhim,teachingisneverboringbecauseeverydayisdifferent.Helovessharinghisknowledgeofhistorywithstudents.(对他来说，教学从不无聊，因为每一天都不一样。他喜欢与学生分享他的历史知识。)”可知，Mr.Durietz是一个有充满热情的人，故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第八段中“Mr.Durietzwasn’treallytryingtosetarecord.Hewasjustdoingwhatheloved.(杜里茨并不是真的想创造纪录。他只是在做他喜欢的事情。)”以及““Keepworkingonwhatyoulovetodoinlife,”healwayssays.(“继续努力做你喜欢做的事情，”他总是说。)”可知，当工作是一种乐趣时，生活就是快乐的，故选D项。CIusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.Thatbeliefchanged.Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:What’s0.99roundedtothenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there’sstilla0.01difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,sodoesn’tthatmakethempletelydifferent?Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999....repeatingitselfwithouteverending.Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefulloflimitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.Sothat’swhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisanequationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitsefout.Still,wecan’tevertrulyseemtoputtheperfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasaseuallywellaswordscan.Fornow,let’sleaveitatthat:1=0.99999...andlivealifelikeit.8.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?A.Theirwidevariety. B.Theirliteraryorigins.C.Theirdistinctsounds. D.Theirexpressivepower.9.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationfascinating?A.Therepetitionofanumber. B.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersareequal.C.Thequestiontheteacherraised. D.Thedifferencebetweenthetwonumbers.10.Whichofthefllowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“paralleled”inparagraph6?A.Measured. B.posed. C.Mirrored. D.Influenced.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePerfectEquation B.NumbersBuildEquationsC.AnAttractiveQuestion D.WordsOutperformNumbers【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.(我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故事，它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图揭示的问题，以及这些问题本身的答案)”可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的表达力量，故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，作者觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字虽然不同，但是却被等号连接起来了。由此推知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的数相等的方式。故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.(等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是“与……十分相似”，和mirrored意思相近，故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999....repeatingitselfwithouteverending.(我的老师给出了另一个等式：1=0.9，也可以表示为1=0.99999……不断重复，没有尽头)”和第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(这个等式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是A选项“ThePerfectEquation(完美的等式)”。故选A。DDoyoueverlistentothesongsthatyourparentslike?Chancesarethatyoudon't.Youprobablythinkthemusicthattheylikeisoldandboringandthatthesongsonyourplaylistaremuchcooler.Butscientistsfoundthatpeople'smusictastechangesastimegoesby.Soitislikelythatyourownmusicalpreferenceswillfollowasimilarpathtoyourparents’，whetheryoulikeitornot.Weusedtothinkthatcultureandpersonality(个性)aretheonlyreasonsfordifferentmusicchoices.ButresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgenoticedthataspeopleenterintodifferentagegroups,theirsocialenvironmentchanges,andsodoestheirmusictaste.Therearesomemusicalperiodsthatpeoplegothroughintheirlife.Thefirstperiodesintheteenageyears,duringwhichpeoplelikestrongmusicsuchaspunkandrock,becauseteenagerstendtobeaggressiveorwanttobeindependent.Butaspeoplemoveintoearlyadulthood,theirlifestyleschangeandtheywanttobuildcloserelationshipswithothers.Asaresult,theybeefonderofcontemporarymusic,suchaspopandR&B,whichisusuallyupliftinganddanceable.Whenmiddleagees,mostpeoplehavesettleddown.Duringthisperiod,peopleprefermusic,suchasjazzandclassical,aswellasmusiclikecountry,folkandblues.Asforoldpeople,theypreferoldsongsintheirchildhoods.Theygenerallylistentorelaxingmusic,suchascountrymusicandjazzmusic.Butyoumustbequestioning.“Aren'tthereoldpeoplewhoarestillinterestedinorevencrazyaboutrockmusic?”Ofcoursethereare.Buttheirreasonsforlisteningtorockmusicmayhavechanged.Atthatagepeoplemaylistentoremindthemselvesoftheiryouth.12.Whatdoyoungpeopleusuallythinkofthesongstheirparentsenjoy？______A.Theyareactuallylesscool. B.Theyareworthlisteningto.C.Theyareespeciallyserious. D.Theyarehardtounderstand.13.Howmanymusicalperiodsaretherethatpeoplegothroughintheirlife？______A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.14.Peoplewhowanttomakefriendsmostlyprefer______.A.jazzmusic B.countrymusic C.rockmusic D.popmusic15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.PeopleHaveDifferentOpinionsonMusicB.PeopleListentoMusicfortheSameReasonC.People'sTasteinMusicChangesWithTimeD.People'sLifestyleCanBeChangedbyMusic【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是说人们的音乐品味会随着时间的推移而改变。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Doyoueverlistentothesongsthatyourparentslike?Chancesarethatyoudon't.Youprobablythinkthemusicthattheylikeisoldandboringandthatthesongsonyourplaylistaremuchcooler.(你听过你父母喜欢的歌吗?很有可能你没有。你可能认为他们喜欢的音乐又老又无聊，而你播放列表上的歌要酷得多。)”可知，年轻人通常认为他们父母喜欢的歌曲没那么酷。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第3至第6段的第一句可知，人的一生中会经历4个音乐时期，分别是：“theteenageyears(青少年时期)”、“earlyadulthood(成年早期)”、“middleage(中年期)”、“oldpeople(老年人)”。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butaspeoplemoveintoearlyadulthood,theirlifestyleschangeandtheywanttobuildcloserelationshipswithothers.Asaresult,theybeefonderofcontemporarymusic,suchaspopandR&B,whichisusuallyupliftinganddanceable.(但随着人们步入成年早期，他们的生活方式发生了变化，他们希望与他人建立密切的关系。因此，他们变得更喜欢当代音乐，比如流行音乐和节奏布鲁斯，这些音乐通常令人振奋，适合跳舞。)”可以推论出，想交朋友的人大多喜欢流行音乐。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要内容是说人们的音乐品味会随着时间的推移而改变。所以，用C项“People'sTasteinMusicChangesWithTime(人们的音乐品味随着时间的变化而变化)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moreparentalinvestment;slowerchildren’sgrowthAreteenagerslesslikelytoparticipateinactivitiesassociatedwithadulthoodbecausethey’rebusierwithhomeworkandextracurricularactivities?Researchersfoundthattimespentonhomeworkandextracurricularactivitieshasdeclinedamong10thgraders.It’sremainedrelativelysteadyamong12thgraders.____16____Thismightaccountforsomeofthechanges.Infact,onedocumentarylabeledtoday’steensas“screenagers”.Greaterparentalinvestmentleadstoteensgrowingupmoreslowlybecauseparentssupervisechildrenandteensmorecarefullyandorganizetheiractivities.Thestudyresearchersalsofoundanassociationbetweenaslowerdevelopmentaltrajectoryandsmallerfamilysize,higherparentalageatfirstbirth,andhighermedianine.Withfewerchildrenandmoremoney,parentscaninvestmoretimeandresourcesintheirkids.____17____Therearealsoeconomicfactors.Withshiftsintheeconomy,morepeoplegotocollegeandaredependentontheirparentsforlonger.____18____18to29yearsoldsspendmoretimegettingeducated,marryinglater,andhavingchildrenlaterthanpreviousgenerations.____19____Ontheupside,teensarelesslikelytoengageinriskybehaviors.They’remorelikelytowaituntilthey’rereadytoparticipateinadultactivities.____20____Today’sstudentsmaybesharpacademically,buttheyoftenhavetroublewithbasicsliketimemanagement,makingtheirowndecisionsandleadingindependentlives.A.Therearebenefitsanddrawbackstothedeclineinadultactivitiesamongadolescents.B.Ithelpschildrenenjoyalifewithmorematerialrichness.C.Ontheotherhand,Internetusagehasincreased.D.Thismayallowthemtofollowaslowerdevelopmentalpath.E.Onthedownside,itposesanobstacletoteens’allrounddeveolopment.F.Moremoneyisneededtocovertheireducation.GThatalsogivesrisetomorecarefulparentingwiththeideathateducationwilllastlonger.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.A20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述父母对孩子投入越多，孩子成熟越缓慢这一现象，并分析原因和说明利弊。【16题详解】根据上文“Researchersfoundthattimespentonhomeworkandextracurricularactivitieshasdeclinedamong10thgraders.It’sremainedrelativelysteadyamong12thgraders.(研究人员发现，10年级学生花在家庭作业和课外活动上的时间有所减少。在12年级学生中，这一比例相对稳定)”可知，这里分析孩子参加大人的活动越来越少的原因，10年级的学生花在作业和课外活动的时间事实上减少了，12年级的孩子基本不变，C项“另一方面，互联网的使用增加了”中的“ontheotherhand”体现了increased和declined，steady的对比，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Withfewerchildrenandmoremoney,parentscaninvestmoretimeandresourcesintheirkids.(孩子少了，钱多了，父母可以在孩子身上投入更多的时间和资源)”可知，孩子越少，经济条件越好，父母对孩子投入的时间和资源就越多，这有可能造成孩子成熟变慢，D项“这可能会让他们遵循一个较慢的发展道路”符合语境，D项中“This”指代上一句内容，且D项中“slower”和前文的fewer以及more都是比较级，形成用词的连贯，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Withshiftsintheeconomy,morepeoplegotocollegeandaredependentontheirparentsforlonger.(随着经济的变化，更多的人上大学，依赖父母的时间也更长)”和下文“18to29yearsoldsspendmoretimegettingeducated,marryinglater,andhavingchildrenlaterthanpreviousgenerations.(18到29岁的年轻人比前几代人花更多的时间接受教育，更晚结婚，更晚生孩子)”可知，本段讲的是由于经济上依赖的原因，教育经历持续时间越长，孩子对父母的依赖就越久，结婚、生孩子都会推迟，G项“这也导致了教育将持续更长时间的想法，使父母更加谨慎”符合语境，G项中“longer”和上文的“longer”呼应，故选G。【19题详解】本空是段首句，是主题句，根据下文“Ontheupside,teensarelesslikelytoengageinriskybehaviors.They’remorelikelytowaituntilthey’rereadytoparticipateinadultactivities.(好的一面是，青少年不太可能从事危险行为。他们更有可能等到他们准备好参加成人活动)”以及“Today’sstudentsmaybesharpacademically,buttheyoftenhavetroublewithbasicsliketimemanagement,makingtheirowndecisionsandleadingindependentlives.(今天的学生可能在学业上很聪明，但他们在时间管理、自己做决定和独立生活等基本方面往往存在问题)”可知，A项“青少年成人活动的减少有利有弊”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“Today’sstudentsmaybesharpacademically,buttheyoftenhavetroublewithbasicsliketimemanagement,makingtheirowndecisionsandleadingindependentlives.(今天的学生可能在学业上很聪明，但他们在时间管理、自己做决定和独立生活等基本方面往往存在问题)”可知，此处分析孩子成熟变缓的缺点，E项“不利的一面是，它阻碍了青少年的全面发展”符合语境，故选E。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)MycolleaguesandI,whohavebeenteachingpowerfulmunicationskills,talkaboutthepowerofwordsallthetime.Wethinkthewordsweuseareattheheartof____21____.Overthelasttwentyyears,Ihave____22____thousandsofpeople.Ihaveheardsome____23____ofthefollowingmanytimes:“HowcanIgetmyboss/colleagueto____24____melikeIampartoftheteam?”Ihavemetyoungpeoplewhoaremadetofeellike____25____bytheiroldercolleagues,oftenbecausetheexperiencesthataresharedaroundthetableareaboutsomethingthathappenedlongago.Ihavetalkedwitholderpeoplewhofeeloutoftouchbecausetheiryoungerandmoreculturallycurrentcolleagues____26____refertonewdevelopmentsintechnologythatanoldercolleagueis____27____toknow.Therearelotsofwayswecanmakesomeonefeelexcludedand____28____.Butoften,inmyexperience,thewordsweuseareamain____29____.Thewordshavethepowertomakepeoplefeelincluded,buttheyalsocanmakepeoplefeel_____30_____.So,thenexttimeyouareina_____31_____ofsomekind,be_____32_____.Ifyouareinameetingofengineersandthereissomeonewhodoesn’t“speakengineering”thewaytherestofyoudo,_____33_____usingfewertechnicalterms.Ifyouareinapartyandarenot_____34_____whethereveryone“speaksfootball”,thinkabouttalkingaboutanother_____35_____ofyourweekend.21.A.success B.friendship C.inclusion D.sympathy22.A.praised B.employed C.criticized D.coached23.A.assumptions B.options C.questions D.suggestions24.A.treat B.rescue C.admire D.follow25.A.petitors B.outsiders C.researchers D.professionals26.A.gradually B.rarely C.temporarily D.constantly27.A.hesitant B.unlikely C.afraid D.unwilling28.A.unwele B.regretful C.envious D.disappointed29.A.factor B.result C.change D.dream30.A.soughtfor B.testedout C.caredfor D.leftout31.A.contest B.gathering C.camp D.classroom32.A.confident B.courageous C.thoughtful D.patient33.A.imagine B.consider C.avoid D.miss34.A.worried B.curious C.pleased D.sure35.A.element B.day C.person D.party【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.B28.A29.A30.D31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文通过谈论别人的经历来说明在某些场合使用合适的语言的重要性。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为我们使用的词语是包容性的核心。A.success成功；B.friendship友谊；C.inclusion包含；D.sympathy同情。根据下文“included”可知，作者认为使用的词语是包容性的核心。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的二十年里，我指导过成千上万的人。A.praised赞扬；B.employed雇佣；C.criticized批判；D.coached训练，指导。根据上文“whohavebeenteaching”可知，作者指导过成千上万的人。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我听过很多次这样的问题:“我怎样才能让我的老板/同事把我当作团队的一员?”。A.assumptions假定，假设；B.options观点；C.questions问题；D.suggestions建议。根据下文“HowcanIgetmyboss/colleagueto____4____melikeIampartoftheteam?”可知，听过很多次这样的问题。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听过很多次这样的问题:“我怎样才能让我的老板/同事把我当作团队的一员?”。A.treat对待；B.rescue营救；C.admire羡慕；D.follow跟谁。根据下文“melikeIampartoftheteam”可知，有些人问到“怎样才能让我的老板/同事把我当作团队的一员”。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过一些年轻人，他们被年长的同事视为局外人，通常是因为他们在餐桌上分享的经历是很久以前发生的事情。A.petitors竞争者；B.outsiders局外人；C.researchers研究者；D.professionals专业人士。根据下文“excluded”可知，有些年轻人被年长的同事视为局外人。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我曾与一些年长的人交谈过，他们觉得自己与外界脱节，因为他们的年轻同事和更有文化背景的同事经常提到一些年长的同事不太可能知道的科技新发展。A.gradually逐渐地；B.rarely稀少地；C.temporarily暂时地；D.constantly一直地。根据上文“theiryoungerandmoreculturallycurrentcolleagues”可知，年轻同事和更有文化背景的同事经常提到一些年长的同事不太可能知道的科技新发展。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾与一些年长的人交谈过，他们觉得自己与外界脱节，因为他们的年轻同事和更有文化背景的同事经常提到一些年长的同事不太可能知道的科技新发展。A.hesitant犹豫的；B.unlikely不可能的；C.afraid害怕的；D.unwilling不愿意的。根据上文“anoldercolleague”可知，一些年长的同事不太可能知道的科技新发展。这也是一种社会现象。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们有很多方法可以让别人感到被排斥和不受欢迎。A.unwele不受欢迎的；B.regretful后悔的；C.envious嫉妒的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“feelexcluded”可知，此处指感到被排斥和不受欢迎，and连接的词词义接近。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但根据我的经验，我们使用的词汇往往是一个主要因素。A.factor因素；B.result结果；C.change零钱；D.dream梦想。根据上文“Therearelotsofwayswecanmakesomeonefeelexcludedand...thewords”可知，词汇往往是感到被排斥和不受欢迎主要因素。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些词语有让人感到被包容的力量，但它们也会让人感到被忽视。A.soughtfor寻找；B.testedout彻底检验；C.caredfor关心，照顾；D.leftout不包括，忽视。根据上文“feelincluded,buttheyalsocanmakepeoplefeel”可知，感到被包容的同时，它们也会让人感到被忽视。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次你参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑。A.contest竞赛；B.gathering聚会；C.camp宿营；D.classroom教室。根据下文“inaparty”可知，下次你参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次你参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑。A.confident自信的；B.courageous有勇气的；C.thoughtful考虑周到的；D.patient耐心的。根据下文“Ifyouareinameetingofengineersandthereissomeonewhodoesn’t“speakengineering”thewaytherestofyoudo,____13____usingfewertechnicalterms”可知，下次你参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一个工程师会议上，有人不像其他人那样“讲工程”，那就考虑少用一些技术术语。A.imagine想象；B.consider思考；C.avoid避免；D.miss错过。根据上文“Ifyouareinameetingofengineersandthereissomeonewhodoesn’t“speakengineering”thewaytherestofyoudo”可知，在该情况下要考虑少用一些技术术语。故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一个聚会上，不确定是否每个人都“谈论足球”，考虑谈论你周末的另一个元素。A.worried担忧的；B.curious好奇的；C.pleased愉快的；D.sure确定的。根据下文“thinkabouttalkingaboutanother____15____ofyourweekend.”可知，不确定是否每个人都“谈论足球”，才考虑谈论你周末的另一个元素。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一个聚会上，不确定是否每个人都“谈论足球”，考虑谈论你周末的另一个元素。A.element要素；元素；B.day白天；C.person人；D.party聚会。根据上文“Ifyouareinapartyandarenot____14____whethereveryone“speaksfootball”,可知，如果你在一个聚会上，不确定是否每个人都“谈论足球