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高考英语考前学问点串讲一、LanguagePoints

1.

share

v.共享、合用:sharesthwithsb

n.一份,股份

sparea.业余的,备用的:sparetime,asparetire

v.抽出,匀给:

sparemefiveminutes/

spareoneofsandwichesfortheboy

sparenoefforts:不遗余力

sparenoexpense:不惜工本

save

v.节约,救出

2.Hefeltluckytohavesurvivedthewar.

3.

arguewithsbabout/oversth:和某人就某事争辩

arguefor/againststh:赞成/反对…

agueSbinto/outof(doing)sth:劝服某人做/不做某事

4.

have/make/let/see/watch/listento+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)

getsbtodosth

have+宾+宾补(todo/tobedone)

5.

So+同一主语+助动词

So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语

Soitis/waswith+另一主语

6.should/oughtto/need/could/might/would+do/havedone

7.

except/but/exceptfor/exceptthat/exceptwh-clause

besides/inaddition

apartfrom

butfor=without

8.

Thefirsttime+从句

Forthefirsttime:作时间状语

It’sthefirsttime+that-clause(完成时)

thefirst+名词+todo

9.most

mostofthe+n.(pl)/pron.

themajorityof(the)

mostly:主要地〔状〕

10.

beequaltosth:及…相等

beequalto(doing)sth:胜任(做)某事

equalsth:及…相等

equalsbinsth:在…方面及某人匹敌

11.

compare…to/with…

comparedto/with…

12.agreatmany

several/twodozen/hundred+n.(pl.)

(many)dozensof

agreatmanyof+the/these/those+n.(pl.)

seveal/twodozenof

+pron.

13.

muchtoo+adj/adv(原级)

toomuch+n.(u.)

toomany+n.(pl.)

14.没有被动态

sth+comeabout(主要用于疑问句、否认句)

sth+happen(表示偶尔、碰巧之意)

sth+takeplace(多表示有组织、有方案)

sth+breakout(指斗争、灾难、疾病等的爆发)

sth+occur(及happen通用)

Itoccurstosbthat/todo…:某人突然想起…

15.

With+宾+宾补+n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase

With+宾+宾补+todo:表将来

With+宾+宾补+doing:表正在进展

With+宾+宾补+Done:表过去

16.强调句型的推断方法:假如将句子中的“itbe〞和“that〞去掉,原句通顺则是强调句,否则就不是强调句。例:

ItwasinthestreetthatImetanoldfriendyesterday.二、语法专题──名词的考点

1.考察可数名词和不行数名词,尤其是很多不行数名词在确定状况下变为可数名词。

2.考察名词的格,即’s全部格,of全部格或双重全部格。

3.名词作定语。

4.名词及名词短语的辨析。

5.名词及介词,冠词,动词的搭配。三、题型归纳──辨析型单项填空

1.名词的辨析

名词的辨析首先要留意名词单复数的意义区分,如parent指父亲或母亲,而parents指父母双亲;people指人们,而apeople指民族。其次留意可数及不行数时的意义区分,如:exercise指熬炼;而exercises指练习题或练习操;再次,留意同义名词或近义名词的区分,如::event指发生的重大事务、体育工程;incident指偶发事务;而accident指意外事务。最终还要留意近形词的区分,如:cloth指布;cloths指各种不同用处的布;clothes指衣服(复数),clothing衣服(总称)。

2.动词的辨析

对于动词的辨析,首先要理解动词的及物及不及物,如:reply意为“答复,答复〞后面接名词时需接介词to,此时为不及物动词;后接从句时,则为及物动词。其次是要弄清动词的词义区分,如:advise及persuade,前者指劝告、劝告,强调过程;而后者指劝服,强调结果。最终还要区分各种非谓语动词间的意义和用法:动词的v-ing形式表示正在进展或伴随的动作;v-ed形式表示完成或被动;todo形式表示即将进展的动作等。

3.形容词、副词的辨析

对于形容词、副词,一是要留意近义词间的区分,如:clever指对问题处理的圆滑;bright指对问题的反响快;wise指选择的正确等。此外,如wide及broad;strong及powerful;interesting及interested;exciting及excited等。二是留意同形的形容词和副词,如:close作形容词时意为“亲密的〞;作副词时意为“接近,靠拢〞。三是留意同根副词的区分,如:hard及hardly,前者指猛烈地、努力地;而后者意为几乎不。四是留意副词形式的形容词,如:friendly,lovely,lively事实上是形容词,切不行当作副词运用。五是留意形容词的位置区分,如:present+n.及n.+present,前者指当前的;而后者指在场的。

4.介词的辨析

对介词的辨析要从两方面入手,一是介词的词义,如:across,through,past,over为动作介词,across强调从外表横过,越过;through强调从空间穿过;past强调从侧面、旁边经过;over强调从空中越过而不接触,也可以表示越过一段间隔、空间等。此外,如above,over,on;with,by;of,to;to,for的区分。

5.连词的辨析

连词的区分主要在于:一是连词的意义,如:when,while及as;because,since及for;whether及if;though,as及although等。二是留意时间名词短语转化而成的连词,如:every/eachtime;thefirst/second…time;themoment;theminute等,它们都可作连词,连接从句。三是留意副词转化而成的连词,如:directly,immediately,instantly等。四是留意连词的词序,如:onlyif及ifonly,前者意为“只要〞,后者意为“要是…就好了〞。

6.代词的辨析

代词的辨析包括不定代词,如:other,others,theother,theothers,another等;人称代词,如:one,it,that等和关系代词,如:which及that;which及as;whose及prep.+which/whom等。1.Doestheteacher____youtogohomethisweekend

A.allow

B.consent

C.agree

D.approve

2.Afterthebigfire,thehousewascompletely____.

A.ruined

B.destroyed

C.damaged

D.spoiled

3.Thehuntersaidhewasluckytogetoutoftheforest____.

A.living

B.alive

C.lively

D.live

4.____talkingwithhisGrandma,hewentawaywithoutsayingaword.

A.Tiringwith

B.Tiringof

C.Tiredwith

D.Tiredof

5.It’snecessarytohavesome____knowledgeforthisjob.

A.electric

B.electrical

C.elctron

D.electricity

6.Thephoto____onthewallwastakeninBeijinglastyear.

A.hang

B.hanging

C.hung

D.hanged

7.OnNewYear’sDay,people,especiallygirls,alwayswearnew____-newhats,newcoats,newtrousersandnewshoes.

A.clothes

B.clothing

C.cloth

D.cloths

8.Hestaysup____intheeveningstogoonlinetogetthe____information.

A.late,latest

B.lately,last

C.late,last

D.latest,latest

9.____isittoaskheraboutheraboutthatShedoesn’tknowiteither.

A.Whatgood

B.Howgood

C.Whatagood

D.Howmuchgood

10.____IhaddoneitIknewIhadmadeamistake.

A.Hardly

B.Directly

C.mostly

D.Nearly

11.ItissaidyouwenttoseeJennyyesterday.Whathasbecome___her

A.from

B.of

C.into

D./

12.Whodoyouthinkwillbeallowed____theretomorrow

A.visit

B.tovisit

C.visiting

D.visited

13.TodaywecaneitherflytoHainanIslandortakeaship___thesea.

A.in

B.across

C.fromin

D.acrossfrom

14.Youwilfindwhatgreatbenefitthecomputeryouowncanbe____eachtimeyouuseittohelpyouwork.

A.for

B.of

C.at

D.on

15.Ithoughthewasnot____ofaprofessorthefirsttimeIheardhimspeakingtothechildrenattheplatforminthehallofourschool.

A.something

B.anything

C.somebody

D.anybody

16.We’vemissedthelastbus.I’mafraidwehaveno____buttotakeataxi.

A.way

B.choice

C.possibility

D.selection

17.____studentshavegraduatedfromthisschoolinthelasttwentyyears.

A.Tensofthousandsof

B.Tensuponthousandsof

C.Tensinthousands

D.Tenthousandsof

18.Thefarmersplantoproducethreetimes____intheyearbeforelasttomeettheincreasingneedofthepeople.

A.ofcropasmuchthisyearas

B.asmuchcropthisyearas

C.asmorecropthisyearas

D.muchcropthisyearthan

19.Ithinkthehouseis____largeforafamilyoffourpeopleandthepriceisveryreasonable.

A.too

B.rather

C.fairly

D.alittle

20.Hismotherdislikeshim,forhe____lies.

A.tells

B.isalwaystelling

C.hastold

D.alwaystold1-5ABBDB

6-10BBAAB

11-15BBDBB

16-20BABCB一、Languagepoints

1.

consider(以为,认为)+sb./sth.+adj/n

consider(以为,认为)+sb./sth.+todo

consider(以为,认为)+sb./sth.+as

consider(以为,认为)+that-clauseconsider(考虑)+n

consider(考虑)+doing

consider(考虑)+疑问词+todosth

“把…当作…〞的译法:consider…as

=thinkof/lookon/take/regard/treat/have…as

2.

Away+ofdoing/todo

Away+(that/inwhich)+定语从句

Amethodofdoingsth

Youcansolvetheproblem+withthismethod/bythismeans/inthiswaybymeansof:通过…方式,以…手段

bythis/thatmeans:通过这种/那种方式

byallmeans:务必,确定;〔用于答复〕当然行,请

bynomeans:决不,一点也不〔用于句首时用倒装〕

3.

protect…(from)doingsth

prevent/stop…(from)doingsth

keep…fromdoing

keep…doing

underthepotectionof…

4.

aswell

aswellas

might/mayaswell=hadbetter

5.

specially+for-phrase/todo

especially

6.

alongtheriver:沿着河流

overtheriver:在河的正上方

throughtheforest:穿过森林

bytheriver:在河边

onthebank:在河岸上

7.

followtheinstructions

followone’sadvice

asfollows

8.beresponsibletosbforsth

9.

prefer+n.

prefer+doing/todosth

prefer+sbtodosth

prefer+sthtosth

prefer+doingAtodoingB

prefer+todoAratherthandosth

prefer+thatsb(should)dosth

10.

n.+after+n.=one+n.+afteranother一个接一个〔强调动作的重复〕

n.+by+n.:一个接一个〔强调动作的变更〕

treeaftertree/daybyday

11.向“某人〞问好

say“hi〞tosb.

Pleaseremembermetosb.

Sendmyregardstosb.

Sendthebestwishestosb.

12.主+be+adj.+todo:不定式一般用主动式,及主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系,所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时,则应在其后加上适当的介词。

主+be+adj.+todo=Itbe+adj.+(for/ofsb)+todosth

eg.Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.

=It’sdifficulttoanswerthequestion.

Themanishardtoworkwith.=It’shardtoworkwiththeman.

当不定式用作定语时,及其所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,且主语为该动作的执行者时,也常常用主动形式。

Eg.

Hewantswatertodrink.

Shehasaroomtolivein.

IwillgotoBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere二、语法专题──冠词的考点

1.考察冠词的一些根本用法,例如:复数名词、不行数名词表示泛指不用任何冠词;the+单数名词表类指;a/an+单数名词表泛指。

2.考察冠词的习惯用法。如:incaseoffire,bewoundedintheleg,onthetelephone,leavecollege等。

3.考察冠词的活用。如:抽象名词的详细化,asuccess;a/an+专出名词表泛指,anEdison。

4.考察零冠词的用法。三、题型归纳──构造型单项填空

构造型试题常表如今句子中某些成分的省略、标点符号的出现、倒装或插入其他成分使前后别离等,从而引起句子构造的变更,扰乱对句子的推断。

1.

有省略的复合句。由于宾语从句或定语从句中谓语部分行为动词的省略,导致对不定式作状语产生误会。

2.

标点符号的影响。由于受汉语习惯的影响,往往会因为句子中的标点符号,弄错句子的构造。

3.

插入语的影响。有些句子由于中间插入了某些成分,而使句子显得支离裂开,造成对句子构造的误会。

4.

倒装句型的根本构造:(1)完全倒装;(2)部分倒装:1〕在特殊疑问句和一般疑问句中;2〕so/neither/nor+do/be/have/情态动词+主语;3〕当虚拟语气的条件从句中省略if时,were,had,和should应置于句首,采纳倒装构造;4〕表示祝福的句子:may+主语+动词原形;5〕as,though引导让步状语从句时:提早部分+as+主语+谓语动词;6〕表示否认意义的副词、介词短语和连词词组置于句首;7〕当notuntil+时间状语从句置于句首时,主句应采纳倒装构造,而从句仍用正常语序;8〕notonly…butalso…连接两个句子时,第一个句子采纳倒装构造,第二个句子不采纳倒装构造;9〕nosooner…tham…,hardly…when…,scarcely…when…都表示“一…就…〞,强调过去的两个动作接连发生,当nosooner,hardly和scarcely置于句首时,主句常把had置于主语之前,采纳倒装构造,但从句不倒装。10〕only+副词/介词短语/宾语/时间状语从句置于句首时,常采纳倒装,但only+主语则不应采纳倒装;11〕在so/such…that…引导的结果状语从句中,将so+adj./adv.或such置于句首时,其主句常采纳倒装构造。

5.

强调句型,感慨句,并列句的应用。

6.

独立主格构造。1)n+todo;2)n+doing;3)n+done;4)n+prep.+n.;5)n+adj/adv;6)n+n;7)with+n+todo/doing/done/adj/adv/prep+n.1.Hesaidhewoulddowhathecould____us.

A.help

B.tohelp

C.helping

D.helped

2.Hespentallthemoneyhehad____thatdictionary.

A.buy

B.tobuy

C.buying

D.bought

3.Therearemorethanthreethousandstudentsinmyschool,mostof____fromthecountry.

A.that

B.which

C.whom

D.them

4.Itishiscleverness,nothisstrenth,____defeatedhisrival.

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.who

5.Thewayyouthinkof_____ourlivingconditionssoundsreasonable.

A.improve

B.toimprove

C.improving

D.improvement

6.Ifeelstronglythatwhateveryou____mattertome.

A.don’t

B.dodoesn’t

C.don’tdo

D.doesn’tdo

7.Isthisschool____youstudiedintwoyearsago

A.that

B.when

C.it

D.theone

8.Pleasetellmethewaythoughtof____thegarden.

A.takecareof

B.totakecareof

C.takingcareof

D.howtotakecareof

9.MrWangwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachinehehadhad____wentwrongagain.

A.itrepaired

B.toberepaired

C.repaired

D.repairing

10.Wewilldoeverythingwecan____ourcity.

A.tosave

B.save

C.saving

D.saved

11.TheairqualityinBeijingaswellasintheneighboringcitiesweoncespentmuchtime____betterandbetter.

A.ingetting

B.havinggot

C.inisgetting

D.hasgot

12.Whodidtheteacher,aswellasthemonitor,____anarticleforthewallnewspaper

A.haswrite

B.haswritten

C.havewrite

D.havewritten

13.Whatdoyouconsider____toher

A.tohappen

B.happening

C.happened

D.happens

14.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto____someschoolsforpoorchildren.

A.setup

B.settingup

C.havesetup

D.havingsetup

15.Tohisjoy,thedayhelookedforwardto____atlast

A.coming

B.come

C.came

D.havecome

16.Howlongdoyouthinkitis____shearrivedhere

A.when

B.that

C.before

D.since1-5BCDAB

6-10BDBCA

11-16CCCBCD一、Languagepoints

1.

owesbsth=owesthtosb:欠某人某物

owesthtosb/sth:将…归功于…

owingto…:由于…

=thanksto/becauseof/dueto…2.

thinkhighly/poorly/little/alot+ofsb/sth

speakhighly/well/badly+ofsb/sth

singhighpraiseforsb/sth3.

apologizetosbfor(doing)sth

makeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth

excusesbfor(doing)sth

forgivesbfor(doing)sth

pardonsbfor(doing)sth4.

makeanimpressiononsb

haveanimpressionofsth

impresssthon/uponone’smind5.serveinthearmy

ontheoffice

servethepeople/thedish

servesbwithsth=servesthtosb

serveasthechairman6.makejokesabout:取笑,拿…开玩笑

=makeajokeabout

laughat:讪笑

haveajokewithsb:开某人的玩笑

playajokeonsb=playtricksonsb:戏弄

injoke:闹着玩,开玩笑

7.It’stime+forsth/todo

It’stime+Forsbtodosth

It’stime+That-clause〔一般过去时〕8.

theone/ones:替代同类事物中特指一个或一些

one:替代上文提到的同类名词中的一个,表泛指

it:指上文提到的同一个事物

that:替代上文出现的带定冠词的名词或不行数名词9.

none:用来答复howmany/howmuch引导的问句,常及of连用

noone:只能指人,用来答复who引导的问句

neither:两者都不,表单数

nothing:用于指物,用来答复what引导的问句10.

cloth

布(u.):apieceofcloth

表示某种特殊用处的布块〔桌布〕:Wipeupthewaterwithacloth.

clothes:衣服,服装。是一个没有单数形式的复数名词:

Asuitofclothes注:不能干脆用数词修饰,但可用many,few,his,my,thse之类的词修饰,作主语时谓语动词用复数。

clothing:服装,穿着。是一个无复数形式的物质名词,除衣服外,还包括幌子,手套,鞋袜之类的东西,作主语时谓语动词用单数。Apieceofclothing,anartcleofclothing

dress:指穿在外面的衣服,尤指在社交场合穿的礼服及妇女的连衣裙。

suit:成套的衣服。11.

live:活着,有生命的(作定语,主要用来指鸟或其他动物),实况直播的

lively:活泼的,有生气的,生动的

alive:活着的,还有气儿的,是表语形容词,在句中作表语或后置定语

living:活着,健在的,现行的12.

receive:收到,接到(客观动作);accept:承受,领受(主观意愿)

承受教化、惩处、支持,遭遇不幸,接待客人:只用receive

承受某条件、建议:只用accept13.turn+adj:常表示从某种状态向其他状态变更的自然现象

Theweatherhasturnedmuchcolder.

go+adj:常表示由好变坏的状况:Themilkwentwrong/bad.

become+adj:强调施动者的作用或变更的结果

Pleasedon’tgetangry.

come+adj:一般表示向好的方面变更。

Mydreamhascometrue.14.含有插入语的疑问句:

Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtohim

Howdoyousupposethefilmwillend

Whydoyoubelieveheisunfitfortheoffice15.主从复合句的反意疑问句:疑问部分根据主句确定,但是主句的主语是I/we,谓语是think/suppose/believe/hope/imagine/expect/guess/know/feel/besure/betold时,疑问部分根据从句确定,否认转移时,疑问部分用确定语气。

Shethinkitisagoodidea,doesn’tshe

Ithinkitisagoodidea,isn’tit

Idon’tthinkitisagoodidea,isit二、语法专题──代词的考点

1.不定代词:(1)all,any,none,both,either,neither;(2)another,other,theother,others,theothers;(3)复合不定代词:someone,anyone,everyone,noone;something,anything,everything,nothing.

2.it的用法:

(1)it作实意代词,代替日期、时间、季节、间隔;代替身份不明的人,心目中的人和事以及代替上文已提到的或下文将要提到的人、物或某种状况;代替指示代词this,that。

(2)it作引导词:作形式主语和形式宾语,代替不定式、动名词和从句;it用于强调句型。

3.替代词one,ones,theone,theones,that,those的用法。

4.人称代词在运用中要留意主格和宾格的区分,反身代词则要留意和主语一样。三、题型归纳──习语、搭配型单项填空

语言的习惯表达是语言在长期运用过程中的结果,不能随意变更。其表现形式主要在介词短语、名词短语及非谓语动词短语的习惯搭配等方面。习语、搭配型单项填空主要考察对英语习语及搭配的驾驭和运用,这就须要在平常多加留意和积累,切不行想当然。1.介词后的宾语:介词后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语,但是,在考试时要留意一些习惯用法。如:farfromsatisfied/over;takesthforgranted;inhospital及inthehospital;atsea及atthesea。.冠词的增删:固定搭配中名词前的冠词的有无都是习惯用法,假设去掉或增加,都会使其意思发生变更。如:inprison及intheprison;inbed及onthebed;inschool及intheschool;inpossessionof及inthepossessionof;inchargeof及inthechargeof;infrontof及inthefrontof。3.非谓语动词短语的考察重点:一是非谓语动词及逻辑主语的关系;二是非谓语动词及谓语动词所表示动作的时间先后关系;三是非谓语动词的习惯用法。另外,有些非谓语动词短语已经从非谓语动词短语中游离了出来,而成为表达某种意思的固定搭配。如:tobetrue;totellyouthetruth;tobeexact;judgingby/from;exactlyspeaking;franklyspeaking;comparedto/with等。4.动词的搭配。如:meantodosth/meandoingsth;forgettodosth/forgetdoingsth;beusedtodoingsth/usedtodosth;headfor/goto;lendto/borrowfrom;setabout/setout;writedown/takedown/putdown等。

5.动词短语。如:haveacold/catchcold;takeplace/takeone’splace等。

6.短语动词。如:runout/runoutof;stickto/keepon;bringin/bringon等。

7.形容词短语。如:bestrictwith/in;differentfrom/in;becarefulof/with等。

8.名词短语。如:thenumberof/anumberof;aknowledgeof等。1.Nomatterwhatyousee,don’ttakeitfor____,butuseyourheadtothinkitover.

A.grant

B.granting

C.granted

D.grantness

2.Whenwriting,heoftenkeepsadictionary____.

A.inhand

B.onhand

C.athand

D.handin

3.Hiswifeoftengoesto____onSundays.

A.church

B.achurch

C.thechurch

D.churching

4.Itisgoodforyouinyourfuturelife____English.

A.havegoodknowledgeof

B.tohavegoodknowledgeof

C.tohaveagoodknowledgeof

D.hasagoodknowledgeof

5.____whathesaid,hehasbeentoAustralia.

A.Judgeby

B.Judgedby

C.Judgingfrom

D.Tojudgefrom

6.Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothersandaskingfornothing____.

A.inreturn

B.incase

C.inaddition

D.inturn

7.Theyheldaceremony____thosekilledinthebattle.

A.insteadof

B.infavorof

C.bymeansof

D.inhonorof

8.Theman____theshopsaidwecouldhavetwodaysoff.

A.inchargeof

B.inthechargeof

C.takechargeof

D.takethechargeof

9.WhentheygottoAmerica,theynearly____money.

A.ranout

B.ranoutof

C.ranaway

D.ranawayfrom

10.WordcamethatBrown____therecordinyesterday’smatch.

A.made

B.stroke

C.beat

D.hit

11.Look,littleBettyisgivingatalktothechildrenandis____ateacher.

A.somebodyof

B.anybodylike

C.somethingof

D.likeanything

12.MrWangisveryold,butheworkslikeayoungman.Indeed,Ican’tadmirehim____.

A.verymuch

B.sowell

C.toomuch

D.quitewell1-6CCACCA

7-12DABCCC一、Languagepoints

1.prepare+sth

prepare+sthforsth

prepare+forsth

prepare+todosth

bepreparedfor

bepreparedtodosth

makepreparationsfor2.Theytiedforfirstplaceinthegame.

Wetiedwiththevisitingteaminthebasketballmatch.

Thedogistiedtoatree.3.

affectvt.影响

effectn.效果,作用

haveagood/badeffecton

ineffect事实上

causeandeffect因果

takeeffect生效,起作用

comeintoeffect生效,实行

effortn.努力

withouteffort毫不费劲

makeeveryeffort尽一切努力

sparenoeffort不遗余力3.weighvt.称…的重量

vi.重达…,重量为…

putonweight

loseweight

byweight

inmeters/pounds/calories

bytheday/theweek/theyard/thedozen/theton4.in…参与…竞赛

compete+with/against…及…竞赛/竞争

compete+for…角逐…,为获得…而竞赛5.Wherethereisariver,thereisacity.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Wherethereislife,thereishope.6.dosth

wouldrather+notdosth

wouldrather+dosththandosth

=woulddosthratherthandosth

=prefertodosthratherthandosth

wouldrather+that-clause+did─表如今或将来

wouldrather+that-clause+haddone─表过去7.dodamagetosth

liveone’sdream

inruins/inpieces

underattack/discussion/construction/consideration/treatment8.almost:差距比nearly小。可及never,no,noone,none,

nobody,nothing,nowhere等否认词连用,但不能

及not连用。

nearly:不行及上述否认词连用,但可及not连用,构成

Not…nearly,意为“远非…,远不及…〞二、语法专题──形容词和副词的考点1.形容词和副词的辨析:一般无规律可循,只能在于平常时多积累。我们应留意这几点:(1)分清形容词和副词各自的语法功能,即形容词常用作定语,而副词常用作状语;(2)驾驭详细的形容词、副词的根本含义和语法功能。如therefore意为“所以〞,在句中起关联作用。(3)有些副词有两种形式,其中一种形式及形容词一样,另一种形式是在形容词后加-ly,意义不太一样,应加以辨别。常见的有:close接近──closely细致地,亲密地;high高──highly高度地;free免费──freely自由地,自如地;late晚,迟──lately近来;deep深──deeply深入地,深化地;near邻近──nearly几乎;

hard努力地──hardly几乎不;most最──mostly主要地;

wide宽敞──widely广泛地;easy镇静地──easily简洁地

(4)有些副词及形容词的词形完全一样。换言之,有些词同时兼有形容词和副词两种词性。常见的有:early,straight,slow,enough,fast,hard,long,firm等。2.形容词和副词的词序:

(1)enough用作形容词修饰名词时,可前可后;用作副词修饰形容词或副词时,只能位于之后。例:enoughtime/timeenough;strongenough。

(2)形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置,somethingimportant。

(3)as,how,so,too修饰单数名词时,其词序为:as/how/so/too+adj.+a/an+n.,toolargearoom;howinterestingafilm;MikeisascleveraboyasTom。

(4)such修饰单数名词时,其词序为:such+a/an+adj.+n.,suchalargeroom;但名词前是one,some,many,all,no等修饰时,其词序为:one/some/many/all/no+such+adj.+n.。

(5)多个形容词作定语时的词序为:县官行令宴国才──限定词+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、上下等形容词+新旧+颜色+国家、地区+材料+用处+被修饰名词。限定词包括:前位限定词,如:倍数词、分数词及all,both,half,double等;中位限定词,如:冠词、物主代词、指示代词、全部格及some,any,no,every,each,either,neither,enough,much,whose等;后位限定词,如:基数词,序数词及little(表示少),few,last,next,other,another,more,less,most,several,least,plentyof等不定量代词;限定词的排列依次:前位+中位+后位+中心词。

(6)倍数的表示法:

AisntimesbiggerthanB.

Aisntimesasbigas

Aisntimesthesizeof

Johnhasfivetimesasmanybooksasmine.3.形容词和副词的比较等级:

(1)当A>B时,比较级+than

(2)当A>B,且B包含A时

Heisolderthananyoftheotherboys(=anyotherboy)inhisclass.

当A>B,但B不包含A时

Heisricherthananyofthepeoplehere.

I’mtallerthananystudentofyourclass.

(3)比较级+and+比较级:表示自身的变更

The+比较级,the+比较级:表示随之变更。

(4)“否认词+谓语+比较级〞相当于最高级

I’veneverseenanicerbirdthanthisone.

Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.

(5)常见的无比较级、最高级的形容词和副词有:cpmparative(ly),relative(ly),particular(ly),special(ly),excellent(ly),extreme(ly),perfect(ly),complete(ly)等。

(6)more+原级+than:及其说…不如说…。

(7)可以修饰比较级的副词有:any,even,far,much,rather,still,yet,abit,alittle,alot,byfar,但不行加very,many,more,fairly,quite(但quitebetter除外)。4.形容词和副词的成分区分:

(1)不能作定语的形容词(大多数以a开头):afraid,alike,alive,alone,ashamed,asleep,awake,ill,well,假设要作定语,则分别改用frightened,similar,living,lone,shy,sleeping,waking,sick,healthy;有时这些形容词也可以作定语,但一般作后置定语。

(2)作状语一般用副词,但有时形容词可作伴随状语。

Hehurriedhome,fulloffear./Allmenallcreatedequal.三、题型归纳──语境、语境+语法型单项填空

在题干上附加一些语言信息,将词法、句法等学问融入到语境之中,使试题语境化,其特点是:假如单独看空白和选项,各个选项都是正确的。然而,将题干和选项联络起来考虑,就只有一个最正确选项。常见的题型有:(1)对话语境;运用对话语境命题是高考的一种趋势,应当正确理解对话双方的语气、时态、语态,从而确定正确的选项;(2)句中的语境:有些试题选项中的一个或几个好像都适用这个问题,但是,根据句子的语境的意义,就可推断出只有一个是最正确答案;(3)动词的时态和语态,情态动词及语气,形容词和副词的级。1.----WhyTom,yourshirtissodirty

----Mom,I____mystoreroomdownstairs.

A.cleaned

B.havecleaned

C.wascleaning

D.havebeencleaning

2.----IthinkGorgedoesn’treallycareforTVplays.

----Right,____hestillwatchestheprogram.

A.and

B.but

C.or

D.so

3.Ifyoucan’tcometomorrow,we’ll____havetoholdthemeetingnextweek.

A.yet

B.even

C.rather

D.just

4.I’mgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanything____toyourbrotherthere

A.totake

B.tobetaken

C.taken

D.take

5.Wearesureeverythinghere____bythetimeyoucomebackfromabroadinafewyears.

A.hadchanged

B.willhavechanged

C.hadbeenchanged

D.willhavebeenchanged

6.Hello,you____323-65668.I’msorrybutI’munabletoansweryourcallrightnow.

A.reached

B.arereaching

C.havereached

D.hadreached

7.Themeetingisnotover,andyou____notleave.

A.will

B.shall

C.may

D.need

8.HadIlearntEnglishwell,I____theinterviewforthejobtomorrow.

A.wouldtake

B.wouldhavetakenC.shalltake

D.couldbetaken

9.Bobis____honestboy,andhewon’ttelllies.A.most

B.themost

C.amost

D.verymuch

10.Withthedoctor’streatment,Sallyfeels____betternow.

A.very

B.fairly

C.so

D.quite

11.Thoughtheshipsunk,allthepeopleonher____beresuced.

A.could

B.should

C.hadto

D.wereableto

12.Wewillallappreciate____youcancometojoinusindevelopingmyhometown.

A.thatif

B.itif

C.itthat

D.thatwhen

13.____hesaidtousyesterday____true

A.Whatcan,was

B.Thatcan,was

C.Canwhat,be

D.Canthat,be

14.HetoldmethathewouldrememberthedaysinBeijingUniversityforever____hegotmuchhelptherefromProfessorZhu.

A.where

B.which

C.that

D.when

15.____iswhathedid,notwhathesaid,thatmovedusgreatly.

A.It

B.This

C.Which

D.As1-5DBDBD

6-10BBACD

11-15DBCDA一、Languagepoints

1.

agree+sth:及…一样/符合

agree+sb:同意某人

agree+with

one’sidea/opinion

同意某人的意见

agree+whatsbsaid(观点,所说的话)

agree+toon’splan/arrangement/suggestion

[同意某人的方案、支配、意见]

agree+about/on/uponsth同意做某事

agree+todosth

agree+that-clause2.remindsbof/aboutsth

提示

remindsbtodosth

remindsbthat-clause

使人回忆起…3.

add…to…:把…加上(在)…

addto=increase:增加,增进

addup(to):加(起来是),总计达…4.

success

n.(U)胜利,(C)胜利者/事

succeed

v.

successful

a.

successfully

ad.

besuccessfulin(doing)sth

succeedindoingsth胜利做某事

havesuccessindoingsth

Sb/sthisasuccess.5.be/stay/keep+intouchwith表状态

beoutoftouchwith

getintouchwith

表动作

losetouchwith6.

incaseof+短语

incase+从句

innocase决不

inanycase无论如何

inthatcase假如那样7.expensive/cheap

valuable/valueless

priceless=veryexpensive:无价的8.respond(vi)+to…:对…回应

respond(vi)+with/by:以…(方式)答复,响应

resonse(n.)9.beharmfultosb/sth

dosb/sthharm

doharmtosb/sth

dosb/sthgood

dogoodtosb/sth10.dieout:(家族、物种等)死光,灭亡;

(风俗、做法、观念)消逝,过时;(火)熄灭

dieaway:(风、声音、光线等)渐渐停顿(消逝)

diedown:(指炉火等)渐熄;(指骚动等)渐平静;(指闹声)消逝

dieoff:先后死去了;…死去

dieof:死于内因(如疾病、老、饥饿、情感等)

diefrom:死于外因(如损伤、事故、天灾等)11.asa/theresultof:由于…

asaresult:结果,因此

resultfrom:因…而引起

resultin=cause:导致,致使…12.takemeasurestodosth:实行措施

makeclothestoone’sownmeasure:量体裁衣13.late:晚,迟,不久前

lately=recently:近来

last:最终,最终的

latest:最近的,最新的

later:后来;构造常为:一段时间+later:过了…之后14.adapttosth/sb:适应某物/某人

adaptsth/sbtosth/sb:使某物/某人适应某物/某人

adaptoneselfto:使自己适应某事

adaptfrom:根据…改写/改编

adapt:指修改或变更以适应新条件

Youshouldadaptyourselftthenewenvironment.adjust:是指“调整、调整〞使之适应

Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyesfit:多指“大小合适〞,引申为“吻合〞

Theshoesfittedmewell.suit:多指“符合要求、口味、性格、状况〞等

Nodishsuitsalltaste.match:指“大小、色彩、形态、性质等〞相配或相称

Aredjacketdoesn’tmatchgreentrousers.

adoptsb:收养

adoptsth:采纳15.devoteoneself/time/lifeto

lookforwardtodoingsth

be/getusedto

stickto/getdownto/objectto16.freeofcharge

forfree

befreefrom

setsb/sthfree17.byforce:靠武力,强行

beinforce:生效

come/gointoforce:生效

forceone’sway:强行前进或进入18.It’sone’sturntodosth:轮到某人干某事

takeone’sturn:依次,轮到某人

inturn:依次,轮番,反过来,转而

byturns:轮番,交替

taketurns(at)doingsth/todosth:轮番干某事二、语法专题──介词的考点

1.常用介词的意义区分

(1)表示时间

at+时间点:在…时刻,在…点钟,在…岁时

on+某天或某天的某个时间:在某日、星期几、某日早中晚等

in+时间段:在…期间,在…以后,在…时间内

by+时间:在…之前,不迟于…,常及完成时连用

(2)表示方位:in/on/to/off

(3)表示部位

on+thehead/shoulder/back/nose:表示拍打较硬或凸形的部位

in+theface/ear/stomach/eye::表示拍打较软或凹形的部位

by+thearm/hand/nose:表示牵、拉、抓某部位

(4)表示之间:between/among

(5)表示方式

by:乘…(交通工具),通过…(方法),常接无冠词名词或动名词

with:以…工具/手段,用身体某部位,常接带冠词的详细某工具

in:表示表达的方法、媒介、工具、材料等

through:通过…途径/方式/方法

(6)表示穿越

through:表示从物体里面穿过,还可表示沿着街道、河流走

across:表示从物体外表经过,还可表示横过街道河流

over:表示从物体上方越过,还可表示挎在肩上2.“介词+关系代词〞引导的定语从句3.with的复合构造4.含有介词的固定搭配

①有无冠词,意义不同

infrontof/inthefrontof

inchargeof/inthechargeof

outofquestion/outofthequestion

attable/atthetable

onearth/ontheearth②有无介词,意义不同

knowsb.相识某人/knowaboutsb.理解某人

shootsb.击中某人/shootatsb.向某人射击

searchsb.搜身/searchforsb.搜寻某人

believesb.信任某人的话/believeinsb.信任某人的人格

benefitsb.使某人受益/benefitfromsb.从某人那里得到好处③不要画蛇添足

serveforthepeople为人民效劳

enterintotheroom进入房间

followbehindme跟在我后面

atthemoment……就…

inthis/that/last/nextyear今/那/去/明

inone/any/each/every/some/allyear

一/任何一/每/每/某/全

marrywithsb.及某人结婚

gotoabroad出国

liveinupstairs住在楼上④不要张冠李戴

becaughtintherain被雨淋着〔不用by〕

leaveforsomeplace动身去某地〔不用to〕

setanexampletosb为某人树立典范〔不用for〕

inthedirection朝着…方向〔不用to〕

doafavorforsb帮某人一个忙〔不用to〕

differentfrom和…不同〔不用with〕

withthehelpof在…的扶植下〔不用under〕

stealsthfromsb偷某人的东西〔不用of〕⑤别丢三落四

dropinonsb探望某人〔别丢了on〕

dropinatsomeplace参观某地〔别丢了at〕

lookdownupon瞧不起〔别丢了upon〕

thinkof…as认为…是〔别丢了of〕

lookon…as认为…是〔别丢了on〕

rxplaintosbsth向某人说明某事〔别丢了to〕

frombehindthedoor从门后面〔别丢了behind〕

beworthlisteningto值得一听〔别丢了to〕三、题型归纳──逻辑型单项填空

这类题型主要从句子的形式、句子的意义来考察对英语句子的把握和理解状况,详细表如今主谓一样、意义一样、人称一样、非谓语动词及介词的逻辑主语一样等方面。1.QiongYaowithherworks____verypopularwithusyoungpeople.

A.be

B.are

C.were

D.become

2.WhatIlikebest,totellyouthetruth,____,inmyopinion,thebooksmybrotherboughtmeasmybirthdaypresentlastweek.

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.existed

3.Theteachertoldusthatpractice____perfect.

A.make

B.makes

C.made

D.making

4.Hurryup,ifyou____therewithus.

A.go

B.willgo

C.wouldgo

D.couldgo

5.Attheageofseven,____.

A.hisfatherdied

B.helosthisfather

C.hisdogfollowedhim

D.hisparentsdivorced

6.____,hismothersawhimplayinggameswithotherchildren.

A.Onhiswayhome

B.Fromhisroom

C.Fromheroffice

D.Underhisnose

7.Shehaslongbeenexpectingachancetostudyabroadandatlastshegot__

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