05必修三Unit1语法语法ing分词作定语和表语

05必修三Unit1语法：语法精讲精练动词ing形式作定语和表语一、动词­ing形式作定语1.表示名词的某种性能或用途，通常可以改为for短语。如：thereadingroom=theroomforreading阅览室。再比如：readingmaterials阅读材料；ashoppingbag购物袋；anoperatingtable手术台；awashingmachine洗衣机等。Wearenotallowedtospeakaloudinthereadingroom.阅览室里不准我们大声说话。Ifyoureallywanttosmoke,youmaygotothesmokingroom.如果你确实想吸烟，可以去吸烟室。2.现在分词做定语时，它和所修饰的词是逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，可以转换成对应的定语从句。如thesleepingchild=thechildwhoissleeping。当动词­ing形式单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之前；如果作定语的动词­ing形式是一个短语，则放在该名词之后。动词ing形式一般式的被动语态（beingdone）作定语表示某动作正在被进行；动词ing形式完成式（havingdone）作定语表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Inthefollowingyears,sheworkedevenharder.在接下来的几年中，她学习更努力了。Makelessnoise.There’sasleepingchild.少弄出点噪音，有个孩子在睡觉。Themanager,havingmadeitcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.经理向我们表明他不同意我们的意见后，离开了会议室。3.过去分词、现在分词以及不定式作定语时的区别：语法形式意义时间关系过去分词作定语done表示被动意义表示被动、完成或没有一定的时间性现在分词作定语doing表示主动意义表示主动、进行或主动动作正在进行不定式作定语todo表示主动意义表示主动动作将要发生(1)不定式作定语①不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。ThetraintoarrivewasfromLondon.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。②不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系Gethimsomethingtoeat.给他拿点儿东西吃。Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning.早上他有很多工作要做。③不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。Ineedapentowritewith.我需要一支笔写字。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没有什么值得发愁的。④不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如：ability能力，本领；drive赶，驾驶；movement运动，活动；ambition抱负，野心；effort努力，尝试need需要，需求；campaign战役，运动；failure失败，不及格；opportunity机会；chance机会；force力，压力，要点；promise许诺，希望；courage勇气；intention意向，意图；reason理由，原因；decision决定；method方法，方式；light光，光线，亮光；determination决心，决定；motive动机，目的；struggle奋斗，努力；tendency倾向，趋势；wish希望，愿望，祝愿。⑤被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next,second,last,only和nota,the等限定词时候，只能用不定式。⑥不定代词something,nothing,little,much,alot等习惯上用不定式做定语。Johnwilldoanythingbutworkonafarm.除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。⑦如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如：tendtodotendencytodo;decidetodo=decisiontodo;becurioustodo=curiositytodoHiswishtobuyacarcametrue.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。Theirdecisiontogiveuptheexperimentsurprisedus.他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。Heisalwaysthefirsttoeandthelasttoleave.他总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。(2)分词作定语分词作定语时有下面几个特点：1)现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。2)现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。Herushedintotheburninghouse.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。Haveyougotyourwatchrepaired?你拿到那个修好的表了吗?Heisanadvancedteacher.他是个先进教师。3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意：departed,elapsed,faded,fallen,gone,frownup,retired,returned,risen,set,vanished,muchtraveled,newlyarrived,recentlye(3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：DoyouwanttoseethedoctortobesentforfromBeijing?你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗?Doyouwanttoseethedoctorworkingonthecasereportintheoffice?你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?二、动词­ing形式作表语1.动词­ing形式做表语时，往往具有形容词的性质，表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容、性质或特征，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.(＝TeachingyouEnglishismyjob.)我的工作是教你们英语。Myfavoritesportisswimming.(＝Swimmingismyfavoritesport.)我最喜欢的运动是游泳。2.动词­ing形式表示主语的某种性质或特征时，通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing,amusing,confusing,disappointing,boring,encouraging,inspiring,moving,tiring,interesting,surprising等。Theproblemisquitepuzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。Thefilmwesawlastnightwasverymoving.我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。3.动词­ing形式作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别：动词­ing形式表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。Hishobbyispainting.他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)Todaywhathewantstodoistopaint.今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作)Hiswishistobeeanartist.他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。(将要发生的事)【温馨提示】①在主系表结构中，系动词除be外还有appear,sound,look,bee,e,get,go,grow,keep,remain,seem等。②动词­ing形式作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；而进行时态中的动词­ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。Thepresentsituationisencouraging.(表语)目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。Thepresentsituationisencouragingustostrideforwardinproduction.目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。(谓语动词的组成部分)三、单句语法填空：1.

Just

now

he

received

a

call(request)

personal

information,

but

he

thought

it

must

be

a

trap.

2.

Standing

at

the

top

of

the

tower,

we

caught

sight

of

a

river

(measure)

over

250

meters

broad.

3.

The

girl(sit)by

the

side

oftheshopwindowis

my

littledaughter.

4.

Our

seniorstudents

need

to

adapt

to

therapidly(change)worldaftergraduation.

5.

Onthewaytowork,we

met

a

group

of

pupils(return)from

aschoolnearby.

6.

Last

night,there

were

millions

of

people(watch)the

opening

ceremony

live

on

TV.

7.

All

the

boysandgirls(perform)

on

stage

e

from

our

schoolandoursisterschool.

8.

This

dictionaryonthetable(belong)to

me

is

worth

20

dollars.

9.

There

are

some

sour

berries

that

I

have

found(grow)

near

the

cottage.10.

Our

newlybuilt

school,(cover)

400

acres

of

land,

is

wellequipped

with

fine

facilities.

11.

Farmers(suffer)

from

drought

or

floods

would

get

more

paymentsfromthelocalgovernment.

12.

We

can

wander

among

a

variety

of

shops

(sell)gifts

while

enjoying

a

live

music.

13.

A

medical

team

(consist)

of

five

doctors

and

two

nurses

set

off

for

the

earthquakestricken

area.

show

and

nice

street

entertainment.

14.

PassengerstoTibet,(travel)on

this

bus,

can

buy

their

tickets

online.

15.

Women(look)after

small

children

in

this

city

usually

get

paid

monthly.

16.

The

stranger(stand)

in

front

of

my

house

caught

my

attentionandIwantedtoknowwhyhewasthere.

17.

The

flowers,

(smell)

sweet

in

the

botanical

garden

attract

the

visitors

to

enjoy

the

beauty

ofnature.

18.

The

next

thing

he

saw

inthedistancewas

smoke(rise)from

the

house.

19.

The

offer

has

yet

to

be

accepted

by

the

lawyers(represent)the

victims.

20.

The

children(practise)playing

the

violin

over

there

will

give

a

performance

next

week.

21.

A

man(answer)the

police’s

description

was

seen

entering

the

building.

22.

The

number

of

people(attend)

the

meeting

was

much

smaller

than

we

had

expected.

23.

The

problem(discuss)

atthemeetingnow

has

something

to

do

with

us.

24.

All

those(watch)

the

pop

singing

group

cheered,

applauding

as

they

sang.

25.

Tom

received

a

phone

call

from

his

mother,(say)

that

she

would

visit

him

this

weekend.

26.

The

houses(build)

now

are

for

the

youngteachersrecentlytoourschool.

27.

A

young

man(write)

novels

came

to

makeaspeech

to

us

yesterday.

28.

The

bell(indicate)

the

end

of

the

period

rang,

interrupting

our

heated

discussion.

29.

This

is

the

most(convince)

evidence

that

I

can

findaboutthecaraccident.

30.

Look

over

there

there’s

a

winding

path(lead)

to

the

houseinthedeepmountain.

31.Their(expand)

business

became

a

large

corporation

in

1996,

with

three

generationsofAnsworkingtogether.

32.

The(sleep)

baby

is

my

sister’s

son.

He

is

so

lovely

that

we

all

love

him.

33.

It

was

a

young

man

(put)

forward

this

good

suggestion

yesterday.

34.

Students(graduate)

from

Beijing

University

have

a

bright

future

in

finding

their

dream

jobs.

35.

The

museum(repair)

now

will

be

reopened

to

visitors

next

year.

36.

Mike

founda(challenge)jobasaputerprogrammerinabigpany.37.

The

building(decorate)

at

present

is

our

new

library.

It

will

open

next

month.

38.

Now

there

are

still

many

people(live)

inpoverty

in

this

area.

39.

There

are

many

other

examples(reflect)

the

development

of

Chinese

writing.

40.

People(run)

these

factories

are

very

concerned

about

the

environment.

41.

There

is

a

curtain(hang)

before

his

window

in

the

bedroom.

42.

The

professor(give)

a

speech

about

pollution

is

from

Harvard

University.

43.

A

warm

drink

of

milk

before

bed

has

long

been

the

best

choice

for

those(want)

good

night’ssleep.

44.

The

poor

man(wander)

on

the

road

was

out

of

work,

helpless

and

hopeless.

45.

When

Jack

got

home

from

his

holiday,there

was

a

pile

of

mails(wait)

for

him.

46.

The

firefighters

dashed

into

the(burn)

woods

to

save

people

trapped

in

it.

47.

What

I

like

the

most

are

the

traditional

wet

markets,

restaurants(offer)

various

dishes

and

thenumerouscultural

activities

that

are

available

there.

48.

A$5

million

reward

has

been

announced

for

information(lead)

to

the

arrest

of

those

who

areresponsiblefor

the

murder.

49.

The

bar

chart(show)

the

way

students

in

the

class

go

to

schooltells

us

that80%ofthem

takeabus.

50.

The

plot

of

the

drama

was

so(absorb)

that

the

girl

was

attracted

by

it.

【答案】1.requesting2.measuring3.sitting4.changing5.returning6.watching7.performing8.belonging9.growing10.covering11.suffering12.selling13.consisting14.travel(l)ing15.looking16.standing17.smelling18.rising19.representing20.practising21.answering22.attending23.beingdiscussed24.watching25.saying26.beingbuilt27.writing28.indicating29.convincing30.leading31.expanding32.sleeping33.putting34.graduating35.beingrepaired36.challenging37.beingdecorated38.living39.reflecting40.running41.hanging42.giving43.wanting44.wandering45.waiting46.burning47.offering48.leading49.showing50.absorbing

四、高考真题回顾：1.(2022·新高考全国II卷)Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixthfloorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe_______(fall)child.

2.(2021·全国I卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour________(ache)legs.3.(2019·全国II卷)Whenwegotacall_______(say)shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwasajoke.4.(全国Ⅰ)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelpanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_______(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.【答案与解析】1.【解析】falling考查非谓语动词。句中已经出现了谓语动词,所以此处用非谓语形式;中心词child与fall之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式做定语。故用falling。2.【解析】aching考查非谓语动词。此处需要用过去分词作定语，修饰legs，表示“疼痛的腿”，ache和legs是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填aching。3.【解析】saying考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。4.【解析】living考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词arranges，故应考虑此处填非谓语动词。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式作定语。故填living。五、语篇语法填空：(1)The12thChinaArtsFestivalbroughtaseriesofart1(activity)totheChineseeconomicandartcentre,Shanghai.FromMay20toJune2,morethan50shows2(select)nationwidewereperformedinnineteenmajortheatresinShanghai,andafineselectionofcreativeculturalproducts3(show)attheShanghaiExhibitionCentre.Thefestivalincluded4(vary)artforms,suchasopera,dancing,paintingandphotography.52019editionwasco­organisedbytheMinistryofCultureandTourismandtheShanghaimunicipalgovernment(市政府).Since6(it)beginningin1987,thefestival7(change)hostcitiesineachedition,travellingtoareasincludingBeijing,Sichuan,Jiangsu,ZhejiangandHubeioverthepastthreedecades.Salesofticketsopenedonline,withticketspricedfromnocost8380yuan,accordingtotheorganisers.Toallowalargeraudiencetoaccesstheprograms,thefestivalwasalsobroadcastliveonline.“Wewillusenewmediatobringtheshowstomoreordinarypeople,9willletthemknowaboutthemoderndevelopmentofChinesearts,”saidZhuDi,headoftheministry’sartsdepartment.Thisfestivalwasalsoaimedat10(promote)tourisminShanghaiwitharts.Thelocalgovernmentreleasedatotalof40culture­themedtravelroutestoguidevisitorsthroughShanghai'swell­knownlandmarks.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第十二届中国艺术节在上海中国经济艺术中心举办，开展了一系列艺术活动。1.activities考查名词的数。被aseriesof修饰，故用名词复数activities。2.selected考查非谓语动词。50shows和select之间是被动关系，故用过去分词selected作定语。3.wereshown考查动词的时态和语态。“优秀创意文化产品”和“展出”之间是被动关系，且文章为一般过去时，故填wereshown。4.various考查形容词。修饰名词artforms用形容词various。5.The考查冠词。文中表示特指，用定冠词，句子中第一个单词的首字母大写，故填The。6.its考查代词。句意：自1987第一次举办，每一届艺术节的主办城市都发生了变化，在过去的30年里，它的活动足迹遍及北京、四川、江苏、浙江和湖北等地。文中指“它的”，故填its。7.haschanged考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据Since6beginningin1987可知，用现在完成时；根据主语thefestival是单数可知填haschanged。8.to考查介词。from...to...意为“从……到……”。9.which考查定语从句的关系词。此句是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。10.promoting考查非谓语动词。aimat意为“针对；瞄准”。at是介词，介词之后用v.­ing，故填promoting。(2)IchattedwithmyfriendinawellknowncoffeeshopinatownofItaly.Asweenjoyedourcoffee,amanenteredand1(sit)besideus.Hecalledthewaiteroverandsaid,“Two2(cup)ofcoffee,oneofthemthereonthewall.”Weheardhisorderwithinterestandnoticedthathewasservedonecupofcoffeebuthepaidfortwo.

Whenheleft,thewaiterputapieceofpaperonthewall,3(say)“ACupofCoffee”.Whilewewerestillthere,twoothermenenteredandorderedthecoffee,twoonthetableandoneonthewall.Theyhadtwobutpaidforthree.Thistimethewaiteralsodid4samething.Itwassomething5(usual)forus.Afterafewdays,wehadachance6(enter)thiscoffeeshopagain.Whilewewereenjoyingourcoffee,aman7appearedhomelessentered.Helookedatthewallandsaid,“Onecupofcoffeefromthewall.”

Thewaiterservedacupofcoffeetothisman8(polite).Themanhadhiscoffeeandleftwithoutpaying.Wewere9(amaze)towatchallofthisasthewaitertookapieceofpaperoffthewall10threwitintothebin.

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要内容是我和我的朋友在意大利一家知名咖啡店喝咖啡,看到了来喝咖啡的人都会多付一杯的钱,当作者知道原由时非常惊讶。1.sat。考查时态。句意:正当我们喝咖啡时，一个男人进来坐在我们旁边。分析句子结构可知，空处所填单词和空前的entered是并列关系，应用过去式，故填sat。2.cups。考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词复数，two后加名词复数形式，故填cups。3.saying。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，say的动作是由apieceofpaper发出的，故用动词的ing形式表示主动，故填saying。4.the。考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，same是一个特殊的形容词，其后修饰名词时，same前需加定冠词，故填the。5.unusual。考查形容词。句意:这对我们来说很不寻常。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词作表语，再根据句意可知，作者认为这很不寻常，unusual意为“不寻常的”，故填unusual。6.toenter。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，haveachancetodo意为“有机会做某事”，故填toenter。7.who/that。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词在从句中作主语，又因先行词是aman故用who或者是that，故填who/that。8.politely。考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，再根据句意可知，politely意为“有礼貌地”，修饰serve，故填politely。9.amazed。考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再根据句意可知，表示人的感受，用amazed意为“惊讶的”，故填amazed。10.and。考查并列连词。句意:当服务员从墙上取下一张结算单并把它扔进垃圾箱时，我们惊讶地看到了这一切。分析句子结构可知，空处填并列连词，再根据句意可知，上文的took和threw是并列关系，故填and。(3)WeLoveReadingisaprogrammethat1(plant)dieloveofreadingwithinchildren.Itfocusesontrainingadults,mostof2arelocalvolunteers,toholdreadaloudsessionsinpublicspacesintheirneighborhoodswherebooksare3(regular)readaloudandexchangedwithchildren.Researchhasshownthat80%ofchildrenwhoattendWeLoveReadingreadaloudsessionshaveseenthe4(attract)ofreadingbooks,andaremorewilling5(go)backtoschoolbecausetheyassociatereadingwithenjoymentTheyaremoreempathetic(同情)becausetheylearnaboutotherculturesandpeople,andas6resultperformbetteratschoolandbeemore7(confidence).WeLoveReadinghasalsoinfluencedparentchildrelationshipsby8(build)bridgesofunderstandingandmunication9thetwogenerationsthroughreading.WeLoveReadingiseffectiveandabletocontinueforalongtimebecauseit10(manage)andownedbylocalvolunteers.Theyarepartofthemunityandknowwhenandwhereisbesttoreadtochildren.【解析】本文讲述“我们爱读书”这个项目。它将爱读书灌输给孩子们，让他们热爱读书，也关注成年人的读书问题，还甚至对亲子关系有一定的影响。1.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“我们爱读书”是一个将爱读书灌输给儿童的项目。分析句子可知，设空处为从句的谓语，主语是that指代先行词aprogramme，谓语用单数，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故填plants。2.考查定语从句。句意:它的重点是培训成年人，其中大多数是当地的志愿者，让他们在社区的公共场所举行朗读会议，在那里，人们经常大声朗读书籍，并与孩子们交流。分析句子可知，mostof__2arelocalvolunteers为定语从句，设空处指代前面的adults，并做介词of的宾语，故填whom。3.考查副词。句意:同上。分析可知，设空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填regularly。4.考查名词。句意:研究表明，参加”我们爱阅读朗读课程的孩子中，有80%已经看到了读书的吸引力，而且更愿意重返学校，因为他们将阅读与享受联系在一起。分析句子可知，设空处作宾语，应用名词形式，attraction在这里表示吸引，用单复数都可以，故填attraction(s)。5.考查固定搭配。句意:同上。短语bewillingtodo，意为“愿意做某事”，根据句意，故填togo。6.考查固定搭配。句意:他们更能产生共鸣，因为他们了解其他文化和人，因此在学校表现得更好，变得更自信。短语asaresult，意为“结果，因此"，故填a。7.考查形容词。句意:同上。设空处接在系动词bee之后应用形容词作表语，故填confident。8.考查动名词。句意:“我们爱阅读也通过阅读在两代人之间建立理解和沟通的桥梁，影响了亲子关系。设空处接在介词by后面，应用动名词，故填building。9.考查介词。句意:同上。设空处在名词前面，并且表示两者之间，应用介词between，故填between。10.考查动词语态。句意:“我们爱阅读是起作用的，能够持续很长时间，因为它是由当地志愿者管理和拥有的。分析可知，设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填ismanaged。(4)ThefirstBuyNothingDay1(celebrate)inSeptember1992.In1997,itwaschangedtotheFridayfollowingThanksgivinginNovember.Soonafter,itgained2supportofAdbusters,aCanadianmediapanyquestioningthe3(important)thatculturesgivetoadvertisingandshopping.Whenthegrouptriedtoplacemercials(广告)ontelevision,theonlymajorTVnetwork4acceptedthemwasCNN.Despitetheseattemptstosilencethemovement,itspreadtotheUS,Germany,Japan,andseveralothercountriesworldwide.BuyNothingDaychallengespeopletoavoid5(buy)anythingfor24hours.Supportershopethatduringthistime,peoplewillreflectontheneedto“havethings”,whichispushedbylargepanies.Bygettingpeopletofocusonwhattheydohave,theycanbeemoresympathetic(有同情心的)towardsthepoor6peoplewhohavelessthantheydo.Anotheractivity7(call)thezombiewalkistoshowthewaymostpeopleshop.Inthiswalk,participantswalkaroundshoppingmallslikezombies.Ifanyoneasksthemwhat’shappening,they8(educate)themaboutBuyNothingDay.WhirlMartisanotherfunnymethodofdrawingattentiontothepurposeofBuyNothingDay.Peoplewilltakeemptyshoppingcartsandformalineinsideasupermarket.Then,theywillracethroughtheaisles(通道)withoutputtinganythingintheiremptycarts.Other9(supporter)celebratetheeventby10(simple)doingotherfreeactivitiessuchashiking,bicycling,ortakingaboatride.Nomatterhowoneparticipates,BuyNothingDaypresentsuswithanopportunitytorememberthatthebestthingsinlifearefree.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于“不购买日”的一些情况。1.考查时态和语态。句意：第一个“不购买日”是在1992年9月庆祝的。从时间状语“inSeptember1992”可知应为一般过去时，与主语BuyNothingDay构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填wascelebrated。2.考查冠词。句意：不久之后，它获得了Adbusters的支持，这家加拿大媒体公司质疑文化对广告和购物的重要性。此处特指Adbusters的支持，应用定冠词修饰名词support，故填the。3.考查名词。句意：不久之后，它获得了Adbusters的支持，这家加拿大媒体公司质疑文化对广告和购物的重要性。此处应用名词作宾语，importance意为“重要性”，为不可数名词。故填importance。4.考查定语从句。句意：当该组织试图在电视上播放广告时，唯一接受他们的主要电视网络是CNN。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词majorTVnetwork，指物，从句中缺少主语，且先行词由theonly修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。故填that。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：“不买东西日”要求人们在24小时内不要买任何东西。avoiddoingsth.固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。故填buying。6.考查连词。句意：通过让人们关注他们所拥有的，他们可以变得更加同情穷人和比他们拥有更少东西的人。“thepoor”和“peoplewhohavelessthentheydo”是并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。7.

查非谓语动词。句意：另一个被称为“僵尸漫步”的活动是展示大多数人购物的方式。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰activity，且动词call和activity是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。8.考查动词时态。句意：如果有人问他们发生了什么，他们会告诉他们什么也不买。if条件句从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填willeducate。9.考查名词复数。句意：其他支持者庆祝活动只是做其他免费的活动，如徒步旅行，骑自行车，或乘船。根据空前other可知，此处应填复数形式作主语。故填supporters。10.考查副词。句意：其他支持者庆祝活动只是做其他免费的活动，如徒步旅行，骑自行车，或乘船。此处应用副词simply作状语，修饰动词do。故填simply。(5)TheMidAutumnFestivalCelebrationbetweenNewZealandandChina1(hold)withhighqualityperformancesattheNewZealandNationalMuseumonSundaynight.2(art)fromsouthwesternChina’sChongqingpresentedtheWellingtonaudience3SichuanOperaPerformance.TheperformancesperfectlyshowedthecharmofChinesecultureandarttotheaudience.Gu