2024-2025学年广东省惠州市惠东县高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题含答案

2024-2025学年广东省惠州市惠东县高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题试卷共8页，卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔直接将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOverthepastyear,severalfilmsandTVdramashaveputtheirshootinglocationsintothepublicspotlight.DaliinYunnanProvinceWiththeTVdramaMeetYourselfearlierlastyear,DaliinYunnanProvinceemergedasahighlysought-aftertourismdestination.DuringtheSpringFestivalholiday,YunnanProvincereceivedthesecondmosttouristsinthenationwithatourismprofitof38.4billionyuan,rankingtop.Amongthis,Dalireceived4.24milliontourists,markingaremarkable219percentincreasecomparedtothepreviousyear.JiangmeninGuangdongProvinceThankstothesuccessofthehitshowTheKnockout,JiangmeninGuangdongProvincebecameanoutstandingtourismdestinationlastyearDatarevealsaremarkable217percentmonth-on-monthincreaseinsearchesrelatedtotourisminthecityinFebruary.Currently,travelbookingswitnessasubstantial144percentmonth-on-monthrise.TaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxiProvinceFullRiverRedhassetTaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxionfirewithexcitement.FromJan.21to31,thecountywitnessedover400,000tourists,asignificantrisecomparedtotheabout180,000visitorsduringthepreviousSpringFestivalholiday.Notably,one-thirdofthesetouristswerefromoutsideShanxiProvince.NingboMuseuminZhejiangProvinceWiththebroadcastoftheTVdramaThree-BodyProblem,NingboMuseumhasgainedsignificantattention.ThenumberoftouristsduringtheSpringFestivallastyearwasabout23,000,butthisyearwasa120%increase.Evenafterthefestival,therewere2,000to3,000visitorsdailyconsistently.1.WhatwastheimpactofMeetYourself?A.Itcontributedtothetourismprofits. B.IthelpedDaliearn38.4billionyuan.C.ItmadeYunnanatourismdestination. D.ItrankedDaliatoptourismdestination.2.Whichplacehasapromisingreservationatpresent?A.Dali. B.TaiyuanAncientCounty.C.Jiangmen. D.NingboMuseum.3.HowmanypeoplevisitedNingboMuseumduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear?A.Nearly23,000. B.Below400,000. C.About50,000. D.2,000to3,000.BInBududa,alushyetlandslide-pronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36-year-old,holdingaredbucket.Fromfarmingstock,Maryfirstwenttoworkwithherfatherattheageof10.Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.Shemarriedintocoffeetoo,withherhusbandgivingher100treesasaweddingpresent.ButMary’ssinceplantedmorethan300herselfandjoinedawomen’scooperative.“Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbecomeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(发酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomen-led,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.Ithasn’tbeenaneasyjourneyfortheBududafarmers,who’vefacedannuallandslidesforthepast15years.In2018,Mary’smother’shousewasdestroyedandshelostsomeofhercoffeeplantations.Shedreamsoflivinginasolidlybuilthousewithwaternearby,soshedoesn’thavetotrek(跋涉)alongwaytofetchit－butthesewilltaketimetosavefor.“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.4.WhatroledoescoffeeplayinMary’shometown?A.Asignificantsourceofincome. B.Abondofloveandmarriage.C.Asymbolofwealthandstatus. D.Abarriertofrequentlandslides.5.Howdoesthewomen’scooperativebenefitfemalecoffeefarmers?A.Byprovidingthemwithhighqualitytrees. B.Byaccessingthemtobettersaleschannels.C.Byliberatingthemfromtheirhusbands. D.Byenablingthemtocontroltheirbusiness.6.WhyistheprocessingofcoffeebeansmentionedinParagraph3?A.TodisplayMary’stechnicalproficiency.B.ToprovethehighqualityofUgandancoffee.C.TohighlightMary’sdedicationanddiligence.D.Toemphasizethedifficultiesofplantingcoffee.7.WhatdoesMarymeaninthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Sheplanstoexpandhercoffeeplantingbusiness. B.Shedesirestoachieveeconomicindependence.C.Shethinkstheroadtohappinessisstilldistant. D.Shebelievesherhardworkwillfinallypayoff.CFordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostvaluableandconsequentlymostcloselyguardedpartofthebody.Lockedsafelybehindtheblood-brainbarrier,itwasbroadlyfreeoftheharmofvirusesandthebattlesstartedbytheimmunesystem(免疫系统).Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptomsnottypicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussystem,butthebrainplaysalargepartinthem.Forexample,thedevelopmentofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofnervecellsthatcontrolbodytemperatureandappetite.Evidenceismountingthatcancersusenervestogrowandspread.Theinterconnectionbetweenthebrainandbodyhaspromisingimplicationsforourabilitytobothunderstandandtreatillnesses.Ifsomebraindisordersstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapstreatmentsforthemcouldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Italsoworksintheoppositedirection.Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.8.Whatdotheresearchersfocusonaboutthebrain?A.Itsprotectingsystem. B.Itsexposuretodiseases.C.Itscontrollingfunction. D.Itsconnectiontothebody.9.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideainparagraph2?A.Byexplainingatheory. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bypresentingcauseandeffect.10.Whichbestdescribestreatmentsthatdonotcrosstheblood-brainbarrier?A.Cheaper. B.Morespecific.C.Safer. D.Moredirect.11.Whatdoesthestudysuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Brainhealthdependsonimmunechanges.BBrainstimulationleadstonegativeemotions.C.Thebraincanhelpenhancepsychologicalhealth.D.Thebrainmaybekeytotreatingphysicaldiseases.DBirdersgetnervouswhentheyseelandscapescoveredinwindturbines(涡轮机).Whenthewindgetsgoing,theirblades(叶片)canturnaroundatwellover200kmperhour.Itiseasytoimaginecarelessbirdsgettingcutintopiecesandwindturbinesdoindeedkillatleastsomebirds.ButanewanalysisofAmericandatasuggeststhenumbersarenegligible,andhavelittleimpactonbirdpopulations.ErikKatovich,aneconomistattheUniversityofGeneva,madeuseoftheChristmasBirdCount,acitizen-scienceprojectrunbytheNationalAudubonSociety.VolunteerscountbirdstheyspotoverChristmas,andthesocietygathersthenumbers.Heassumed,reasonably,thatifwindturbinesharmedbirdpopulations,thenumbersseenintheChristmasBirdCountwoulddropinplaceswherenewturbineshadbeenbuilt.Combiningbirdpopulationandspeciesmapswiththelocationsandconstructiondatesofallwindturbines,hefoundbuildingturbineshadnonoticeableeffectonbirdpopulations.Insteadoflimitinghisanalysistowindpoweralone,healsoexaminedoil-and-gasextraction(开采),whichhasboomedinAmericaoverthepastcoupleofdecades.Comparingbirdpopulationstothelocationsofnewgaswellsrevealedanaverage15%dropinbirdnumberswhennewwellsweredrilled,probablyduetoacombinationofnoise,airpollutionandthedisturbanceofriversandpondsthatmanybirdsrelyupon.Whendrillinghappenedinmigrationcenters,feedinggroundsorbreedinglocations,birdnumbersinsteaddroppedby25%.Windpower,inotherwords,notonlyproducesfarlessplanet-heatingcarbondioxideandmethanethandofossilfuels.Itappearstobesignificantlylessdamagingtowildlife,too.Yetthatisnottheimpressionyouwouldgetfromreadingthenews.DrKatovichfound173storiesinmajorAmericannewsmediareportingthesupposednegativeeffectsthatwindturbineshadonbirdsin2020,comparedwithonly46storiesdiscussingtheeffectsofoil-and-gaswells.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“negligible”inparagraph1mean?A.Insignificant. B.Inaccurate. C.Inconsistent. D.Indefinite.13.WhatisDrKatovich'sconclusionbasedon?A.Previousstudies. B.Relevantdata.C.Reasonableprediction. D.Experimentresults.14.Whatmessagedoesparagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?A.Oil-and-gasextractionhasexpandedinAmerica.B.Birdsareheavilydependentonriversandponds.C.Manyfactorsleadtothedeclineofbirdpopulations.D.Welldrillingposesaseriousthreattobirds'survival.15.WhichofthefollowingmayDrKatovichagreewith?A.Windturbinescouldsharetheskywithwildlife.B.Moreevidenceisneededtoconfirmthefinding.C.Windpowerwillbesubstitutedforfossilfuels.D.Windturbinesdeservewidermediacoverage.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwearefacedwithacrisis,orifwehaveanimportantdecisiontomake,manyofusfallintothetrapofover-thinking.Wemaykeepthinkingaboutsomethingconstantlyandtoolong.____16____Howcanwestopourselvesfromover-thinking?Doingsomethingtodistractyourselfisagoodidea.Youcanfindworkingwithyourhandsisespeciallygood.____17____Yourbrainsimplydoesn’thavetheresourcestosplititselfintoathirdactivity,forexampleover-thinking.____18____Studieshaveshownthatwhensomeoneviewssomethinginexcitementandanxiety,thebrainisforcedtobecomestuckinthepresentbecauseallofyoursensesarecompletelyengaged.Youdonothavetimetofocusonsomethingdifferent,whichcancauseover-thinking.Constantwishing,hopingandprayingdonotgiveyouanyrelief.Theyjustkeepyoustuckinoneplace.Buttakingthesmalleststepoffthecrisisreallymatters.Itwillsetthingsinmotion,makingyoulikeasnowball.____19____Thetrapsarethingsthatcauseyournaturalabilitytoreactwithoutyourealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Thus,avoidingrelevanttrapsisalsoagoodidea.____20____Forexample,ifoneofyourcolleaguesissonegativethatshealwaysdragsyoudown,stophangingoutwithherbyhavinglunchaloneatanearbyrestaurant.A.Thismindsettendstoruinourday.B.Putsimplyoutofsight,outofmind.C.Justasasayinggoes,oncebitten,twiceshy.D.Youarereallygettingyourbrainworkingforyou.E.Otheractivitiesaretheonesthatarouseyourcuriosity.F.Itengagesyourmovementskillsandthinkingprocess.G.Thus,youwillgraduallymoveyourselfoutofthefeeling.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Tobias,a35-year-oldBelgianmusician,hasbecomepopularonsocialmediaforhisexcellentgraspoftheShanghaidialect.Hehasbeensharinghiseverydayexperiences,whichhe___21___inShanghaidialect,onvideo-sharingandlifestyle___22___DouyinandXiaohongshu,winningthousandsoffollowersandmillionsof___23___Inthevideos,hespeaks___24___Shanghaidialect,whichmanynon-localsbelieveisasdifficulttolearnand___25___asaforeignlanguage.Hetalksaboutwalkingonthecity’sstreets,enjoyingthefoodandmusic,and___26___hisdailylifeinthecity.Tobiasstartedshootingand___27___theseshortvideosforhisownpracticepurposes.Hedidn’texpectsomanypeoplewouldbewatchingthem,followinghimandsendinghim___28___andencouragement.Tobiasdidnotburyhisnoseintextbooksor___29___intensivestudytolearnShanghainese.Hesaidhislearning_____30_____involvedgettingimmersed(沉浸)inalanguageenvironment,havingapositiveattitude,andspeaking_____31_____“withoutbeingafraidtomakemistakes”.HewasnotthinkingtoomuchwhenhestartedlearningtheShanghaidialect—itwasjustfor_____32_____.Tobiassaidhedidnotexpecthewould_____33_____thepromotionoftheShanghaidialect,butitwouldbean_____34_____andpleasureifhispostsencouragedhisfollowerstolearnandpassonthedialect.“Ibelieveadialectistheheartofalocal_____35_____”saidthemusician.21.A.acts B.delivers C.competes D.votes22.A.approaches B.habits C.platforms D.communities23.A.likes B.dollars C.medals D.chances24.A.ancient B.sweet C.modern D.fluent25.A.understand B.write C.create D.practise26.A.advancing B.searching C.recording D.observing27.A.testing B.reviewing C.selling D.posting28.A.notes B.comments C.reports D.replies29.A.interrupt B.assess C.conduct D.appreciate30.A.materials B.methods C.objectives D.resources31.A.secretly B.slowly C.happily D.bravely32.A.fun B.work C.fame D.show33.A.stickto B.contributeto C.focuson D.relyon34.A.advantage B.opportunity C.honor D.option35.A.authority B.history C.custom D.culture第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AgroupofchildreninZimbabwe,acountryinsoutheastAfrica,arecloselyfollowingaseriesofmartialarts(武术)movementsperformedinaslowandfocusedmanneraccompaniedbydepbreathing,withtheireyesfixedontheirChinesetaichimaster.___36___(actual),thegroupoftaichienthusiastsareenjoyingthepowerofconcentrationundertheguidanceoftheirinstructor,45-yeat-oldZhuWei,___37___isthecaptainoftheChinesemedicalteaminZimbabwe.“Taichiincreasesfocusandmakesstudents,fromschoolchildrentocollegestudents,concentrate___38___studies.”hesays.Taichiisamind-bodyexerciserootedinmultipleChinesetraditions,includingmartialarts,___39___(tradition)Chinesemedicineandphilosophy.Itemphasizesamind-bodyconnection___40___(use)gentlemovements,meditation(冥想)anddeepbreathing.Martialarts___41___(recognize)asafitnesspractice,with___42___widerangeofhealthbenefits.Zhusaystaichiprovidesmentalhealthbenefitslikeimprovedfocus,aswellas___43___(decrease)stress,anxietyanddepression.Inaddition,itcanimproveachild’s___44___(confident)andphysicalstrength.Organizerofthechildren’seventsAbrahamMatukasayskeepingyoungstersbusyandentertainedwithactivitiesliketaichi___45___(help)meetchallengesofdrugandotherteenagercrimesinlow-incometownships.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，近日参加了学校的创意手工作品展，外籍笔友David对你的作品很感兴趣。请用英语给他写封邮件，介绍你的作品及感受。注意：1.写作词数应80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mytwo-year-olddaughterwaslovinglysquished(挤)betweenastackofgroceriesinoneofmytwoshoppingcarts(购物车).Shoppingonceamonthwasawell-plannedprocess.MylistwasorganizedsothatIwouldn’tmissevenoneitem.Agentlemanstoodbehindmewiththreeitemsinhishands.Helookedupathiswatchthenatmeandsmiled.I’dalreadyletapersonaheadofmewithasingleitem.Whilemydaughterwasbehavingwell.IknewI’dpushedherlongerthanherendurancepromisedtolast.Still,Ifeltfortheman:Heobviouslyhadtobesomewhere,andhe’dbebehindmeagoodlongtime.“Whydon’tyougoaheadofme?”Isaidshiftingthecartbackwards.“Youonlyhaveacoupleofitems.”“Thankyou,”herepliedappreciatively,steppingaheadofme.Mydaughtergavehimabroadsmile.“Hehwo,”shesaidinhersweetestvoice.“Hello,”hereplied,takenoffguardbyherfriendliness.Hisfacelitwithpleasure.Asthebeltmovedforward,Istartedunloadingmycart.Iwasonlyhalfwayfinishedunloadingthefirstcartwhenarealizationhitme.Myhusbandhadborrowedmybankcardthenightbeforeandhehadn’treturnedit.Myheartdropped.Thegentlemaninfrontofmehadpaidandwaspickinguphisgroceries.“I’veforgottenmybankcard.CouldIpaywithmyphone?”Iaskedthecashierhopefully.“I’msorryWeonlyacceptcreditcardorcash.”Thecashierlookedattheamountofgroceriesimpatiently.I’msureshewaspredictingshe’dhavetoputitemsbackontheshelves.“Itwilltakemetwohourstorunhomeandback.Canyoujustputmystuffonthesideplease?”Iwasdiscouraged.Allmycarefulplanninghadn’thelped.ThehourandahalfofshoppingleftmetiredoutandIwasn’tsurehowmydaughterwouldhandleanothertwohoursinthecar.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答Justthen,thegentlemaninfrontofmesmiledatme._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thenextmorning,Iknockedatthegentleman’sdoortoreturnthemoney.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024-2025学年广东省惠州市惠东县高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题答案版试卷共8页，卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔直接将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOverthepastyear,severalfilmsandTVdramashaveputtheirshootinglocationsintothepublicspotlight.DaliinYunnanProvinceWiththeTVdramaMeetYourselfearlierlastyear,DaliinYunnanProvinceemergedasahighlysought-aftertourismdestination.DuringtheSpringFestivalholiday,YunnanProvincereceivedthesecondmosttouristsinthenationwithatourismprofitof38.4billionyuan,rankingtop.Amongthis,Dalireceived4.24milliontourists,markingaremarkable219percentincreasecomparedtothepreviousyear.JiangmeninGuangdongProvinceThankstothesuccessofthehitshowTheKnockout,JiangmeninGuangdongProvincebecameanoutstandingtourismdestinationlastyearDatarevealsaremarkable217percentmonth-on-monthincreaseinsearchesrelatedtotourisminthecityinFebruary.Currently,travelbookingswitnessasubstantial144percentmonth-on-monthrise.TaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxiProvinceFullRiverRedhassetTaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxionfirewithexcitement.FromJan.21to31,thecountywitnessedover400,000tourists,asignificantrisecomparedtotheabout180,000visitorsduringthepreviousSpringFestivalholiday.Notably,one-thirdofthesetouristswerefromoutsideShanxiProvince.NingboMuseuminZhejiangProvinceWiththebroadcastoftheTVdramaThree-BodyProblem,NingboMuseumhasgainedsignificantattention.ThenumberoftouristsduringtheSpringFestivallastyearwasabout23,000,butthisyearwasa120%increase.Evenafterthefestival,therewere2,000to3,000visitorsdailyconsistently.1.WhatwastheimpactofMeetYourself?A.Itcontributedtothetourismprofits. B.IthelpedDaliearn38.4billionyuan.C.ItmadeYunnanatourismdestination. D.ItrankedDaliatoptourismdestination.2.Whichplacehasapromisingreservationatpresent?A.Dali. B.TaiyuanAncientCounty.C.Jiangmen. D.NingboMuseum.3.HowmanypeoplevisitedNingboMuseumduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear?A.Nearly23,000. B.Below400,000. C.About50,000. D.2,000to3,000.【答案】1.A2.C3.CBInBududa,alushyetlandslide-pronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36-year-old,holdingaredbucket.Fromfarmingstock,Maryfirstwenttoworkwithherfatherattheageof10.Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.Shemarriedintocoffeetoo,withherhusbandgivingher100treesasaweddingpresent.ButMary’ssinceplantedmorethan300herselfandjoinedawomen’scooperative.“Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbecomeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(发酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomen-led,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.Ithasn’tbeenaneasyjourneyfortheBududafarmers,who’vefacedannuallandslidesforthepast15years.In2018,Mary’smother’shousewasdestroyedandshelostsomeofhercoffeeplantations.Shedreamsoflivinginasolidlybuilthousewithwaternearby,soshedoesn’thavetotrek(跋涉)alongwaytofetchit－butthesewilltaketimetosavefor.“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.4.WhatroledoescoffeeplayinMary’shometown?A.Asignificantsourceofincome. B.Abondofloveandmarriage.C.Asymbolofwealthandstatus. D.Abarriertofrequentlandslides.5.Howdoesthewomen’scooperativebenefitfemalecoffeefarmers?A.Byprovidingthemwithhighqualitytrees. B.Byaccessingthemtobettersaleschannels.C.Byliberatingthemfromtheirhusbands. D.Byenablingthemtocontroltheirbusiness.6.WhyistheprocessingofcoffeebeansmentionedinParagraph3?A.TodisplayMary’stechnicalproficiency.B.ToprovethehighqualityofUgandancoffee.C.TohighlightMary’sdedicationanddiligence.D.Toemphasizethedifficultiesofplantingcoffee.7.WhatdoesMarymeaninthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Sheplanstoexpandhercoffeeplantingbusiness. B.Shedesirestoachieveeconomicindependence.C.Shethinkstheroadtohappinessisstilldistant. D.Shebelievesherhardworkwillfinallypayoff.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.DCFordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostvaluableandconsequentlymostcloselyguardedpartofthebody.Lockedsafelybehindtheblood-brainbarrier,itwasbroadlyfreeoftheharmofvirusesandthebattlesstartedbytheimmunesystem(免疫系统).Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptomsnottypicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussystem,butthebrainplaysalargepartinthem.Forexample,thedevelopmentofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofnervecellsthatcontrolbodytemperatureandappetite.Evidenceismountingthatcancersusenervestogrowandspread.Theinterconnectionbetweenthebrainandbodyhaspromisingimplicationsforourabilitytobothunderstandandtreatillnesses.Ifsomebraindisordersstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapstreatmentsforthemcouldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Italsoworksintheoppositedirection.Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.8.Whatdotheresearchersfocusonaboutthebrain?A.Itsprotectingsystem. B.