湖南省益阳市安化县两校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末考试+英语试卷答案

2023-2024学年下学期期末自检高二英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOurrecommendedlistofenvironmentalbookscoversabroadrangeoftopics.Thesemust-readenvironmentalbooksaresuretosparktheinterestofthegreenestbooks.SilentSpringWrittenbyRachelCarson,SilentSpringhighlightstheeffectsofpesticides(杀虫剂)ontheenvironment,especiallyDDT,whichwasaverypopularinsecticideuntilitwasfinallybannedin1972.ThebookeventuallyledtoachangeintheUnitedStates’pesticidepolicyandcontributedtothecreationoftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.NoOneIsTooSmalltoMakeaDifference.Thisbookcollects11speechesmadebyclimateactivistGretaThunberg,highlightingtheissueofclimatechangeanditsimpactonfuturegenerations.GretaThunbergwas15whenshestartedtheSchoolStrikeforClimate,alsoknownasFridaysforFuture.Sheinspiredprotestsworldwide.TheUninhabitableEarthThisbookbyDavidWallaceWellsexaminesthedisastersthathavealreadyoccurredandlooksaheadtotheyear2100andwhatclimatechangewilldoifwecontinueonourcurrentpath.Itsopeninglineisincrediblytelling:“Itisworse,muchworse,thanyouthink.”TheEndofNaturePublishedin1989,thebookdescribestherelationshipbetweennatureandhumans.Itexpressestheideathatnaturewaspreviouslyindependentofhumansbuthasnowbeenaffectedbythemineveryway.AccordingtoauthorBillMcKibben,theideaofwildernessislost,andnatureisnolongercomplete.1.Whichbookbroughttheenvironmenttothegovernment’sattention?A.SilentSpring. B.TheEndofNature.C.TheUninhabitableEarth. D.NoOneIsTooSmalltoMakeaDifference.2.WhatfeelingdoestheauthordisplayinTheUninhabitableEarth?A.Curiosity. B.Concern. C.Annoyance. D.Disappointment.3.WhichofthefollowingisBillMcKibben’sidea?A.Naturewillnotexistanylonger. B.Wildanimalsaredisappearingfast.C.Humanactivitiesaredestroyingnature. D.Climatechangeaffectsfuturegenerations.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一系列关于环境保护的书籍，并对每本书进行了简短的介绍和评价。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SilentSpring下的“WrittenbyRachelCarson,SilentSpringhighlightstheeffectsofpesticides(杀虫剂)ontheenvironment,especiallyDDT,whichwasaverypopularinsecticideuntilitwasfinallybannedin1972.ThebookeventuallyledtoachangeintheUnitedStates’pesticidepolicyandcontributedtothecreationoftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.(《寂静的春天》的作者蕾切尔·卡森强调了农药对环境的影响，尤其是DDT，它是一种非常受欢迎的杀虫剂，直到1972年才最终被禁止。这本书最终改变了美国的农药政策，并促成了环境保护署的成立)”可知，《寂静的春天》引起了政府对环境问题的关注。故选A项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据TheUninhabitableEarth下的“ThisbookbyDavidWallaceWellsexaminesthedisastersthathavealreadyoccurredandlooksaheadtotheyear2100andwhatclimatechangewilldoifwecontinueonourcurrentpath.Itsopeninglineisincrediblytelling:“Itisworse,muchworse,thanyouthink.”(大卫·华莱士·威尔斯的这本书审视了已经发生的灾难，展望了2100年，以及如果我们继续目前的道路，气候变化将会带来什么。它的开场白令人难以置信：“情况比你想象的更糟，糟糕得多。”)”可知，作者在《不宜居住的地球》中说情况比你想象的更糟，表达了他担忧的感受。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TheEndofNature下的“Publishedin1989,thebookdescribestherelationshipbetweennatureandhumans.Itexpressestheideathatnaturewaspreviouslyindependentofhumansbuthasnowbeenaffectedbythemineveryway.AccordingtoauthorBillMcKibben,theideaofwildernessislost,andnatureisnolongercomplete.(这本书出版于1989年，描述了自然与人类之间的关系。它表达了这样一种观点：大自然以前是独立于人类的，但现在在各个方面都受到了人类的影响。根据作家比尔·麦基本的说法，荒野的概念已经消失，自然也不再完整)”可知，比尔·麦基本认为人类活动正在破坏自然。故选C项。BThereweretwofishermennamedTomandJack.Theywereclosefriends.Onedaytheywentouttocatchfishtogetherandhaveafishmealinthefield.Theysatatadistanceandstartedhuntingforfish.Tomgotabigandbeautifulfishinafewminutes.Hewassohappyandplacedthefishintheicebox.Hedecidedtocookthefishatnoon.Hespentsomemoretimeandcaughtafewmorefish.Hedecidedtomakeagrandmealwiththefish.Also,hefrozeafewfishtotakethembackhome.Afteranhourorso,TomwenttoJacktoseeifheneededanyhelp.Jacksaidno.Inafewminutes,Jackcaughtalargefish.However,heputitbackintothelake.Tomwassurprisedathisact,butheremainedsilent.Jackcaughtmorebigfish,andputthemallbackintothelake.Veryfrustrated,Tomangrilyaskedhim,“Areyoumad?Whydoyouputyourfishbackintothewater?Theyarebeautifulandbig!”Jackreplied,“Iknowtheyarebig,butIdon’thavethebigpantocookthebigfish!SoI’mlookingforasmallerfishthatfitsmycookingpan!Godistroublingmetoday.”4.WhatdidTomandJackgooutfor?A.Tocatchfish. B.Tohaveajoyride.C.Toeatouttogether. D.Tofeedthefishinthelake.5.WhatdidTomwanttodowhenhewenttohisfriend?A.Togivehimsomefish. B.Toseeifheneededsomehelp.C.Toaskhimtocookhisfish. D.TotakesomeofJack’sfishforhimself.6.WhywasTomangrywithhisfriend?A.Hecouldn’tunderstandhisact. B.Hewasfondofeatingbigfish.C.Hethoughtitwasunfairforsmallfish. D.Hedidn’tcatchanybigfishhimself.7.WhatwouldbeTom’sadviceforhisfriendattheendofthestory?A.AskingGodtosendhimonlysmallfish. B.Takingabiggerpanwithhimnexttime.C.Changinghisfishingpoletocatchsmallfish. D.Cuttingthebigfishintosmallpiecestofithispan.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位好朋友Tom和Jack一起去钓鱼的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Onedaytheywentouttocatchfishtogetherandhaveafishmealinthefield.(一天，他们一起出去捕鱼，在地里吃了一顿鱼餐。)”可知，Tom和Jack一起出去钓鱼并在野外吃鱼餐，因此他们出去的目的是为了钓鱼。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Afteranhourorso,TomwenttoJacktoseeifheneededanyhelp.(大约过了一个小时，汤姆去找杰克，看他是否需要帮助。)”可知，Tom去朋友那里是想看看他是否需要帮助。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Jackcaughtmorebigfish,andputthemallbackintothelake.Veryfrustrated,Tomangrilyaskedhim,“Areyoumad?Whydoyouputyourfishbackintothewater?Theyarebeautifulandbig!”(杰克抓了更多的大鱼，把它们都放回湖里。汤姆很沮丧，生气地问他:“你疯了吗？你为什么把鱼放回水里？它们又大又漂亮!”)”可知，Tom对Jack的行为感到不解，因为他认为Jack抓住的大鱼很漂亮，但是Jack却把它们放回了水里。这让Tom无法理解，因此他很生气。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Jackreplied,“Iknowtheyarebig,butIdon’thavethebigpantocookthebigfish!SoI’mlookingforasmallerfishthatfitsmycookingpan!Godistroublingmetoday.”(杰克回答说:“我知道它们很大，但我没有煮大鱼的大锅!”所以我在找一条适合我的平底锅的小鱼!今天上帝让我烦恼了。”)”可推知，在文章的最后，Tom可能会建议Jack把大鱼切成小块以适合他的锅。故选D。CWhenArielCordovarodeherbiketoJamaicaBayWildlifeRefugeinQueens,NewYork,lastNovember,sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Amileintoherwalk,shespottedabeautifulfemalemuteswannearthewater’sedge.Cordova,30,whohadworkedattheWildBirdFundrecoverycenter,knewthatmuteswanscanbeaggressive(侵略性的).Butassheapproachedthisone,itdidn’tmove.Shewascertainthatthebirdneededmedicalattention.Cordovadraped(披，悬挂)herjacketoverthebird’sheadtokeepitcalm,carefullypickeditup,andhelditgentlyinherarms.Shewaswonderinghowtotransporta17-poundswanonherbiketotherecoverycenterwhen,luckily,someconfusedstrangersdrivingbyofferedher,herbike,andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.Cordovacalledtherecoverycenterontheway,andTristan,ananimalcaremanager,pickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovethebird,thebike,andtherescuertothefacility(场所).There,staffmembersdeterminedthattheswanmighthavelead(铅)poisoning.Sadly,evenwithallthattenderlovingcare,theswangotcontracted,whichcausedherpassedawaytwomonthsafterbeingrescued.It’sadisappointingendingbuttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Cordovatraveledtwohoursbyfoot,car,andsubway.“That’stheperfectsummaryofwhosheis,”saysTristan.8.WhatmadeCordovabelievethebirdneededmedicalattention?A.Itscarefulmove. B.Itsaggressivenature. C.Itsunusualbehavior.9.HowdidCordovafinallygettotherecoverycenter?A.Shewalkedtwohours. B.Amanagertookherbycar. C.Somestrangerpickedherup.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contracted”inParagraph2mean?A.Infected. B.Rescued. C.Killed.11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCordova?A.Caring. B.Demanding. C.Professional.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Cordova偶然发现一只行为异常的疣口天鹅，并努力将其送往康复中心的故事。尽管天鹅最终因铅中毒去世，但这个故事展示了人们为拯救野生动物所做的努力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cordova,30,whohadworkedattheWildBirdFundrecoverycenter,knewthatmuteswanscanbeaggressive(侵略性的).Butassheapproachedthisone,itdidn’tmove.(30岁的Cordova曾在野生鸟类基金会恢复中心工作，她知道疣雀天鹅可能很有攻击性。但当她走近这只鸟时，它一动不动)”和第二段中“Shewascertainthatthebirdneededmedicalattention.(她确信这只鸟需要治疗)”可知，原本有攻击性的天鹅不寻常的行为让科尔多瓦认为它需要治疗。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Cordovacalledtherecoverycenterontheway,andTristan,ananimalcaremanager,pickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovethebird,thebike,andtherescuertothefacility(场所).(Cordova在路上给康复中心打了电话，动物护理经理Tristan在地铁站接她，开车把鸟儿、自行车和救援人员送到康复中心)”可知，最后，一位经理开车接Cordova前往康复中心。故选B项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“There,staffmembersdeterminedthattheswanmighthavelead(铅)poisoning.Sadly,evenwithallthattenderlovingcare(在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能铅中毒。可悲的是，即使有那么温柔的关怀)”和下文“whichcausedherpassedawaytwomonthsafterbeingrescued(导致她在获救两个月后就去世了)”可知，这只天鹅铅中毒了，受到了关怀，但最终还是去世了。由此推知，是感染导致它去世，画线词意思应该是“感染”，与Infected意思一致。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Cordovadraped(披，悬挂)herjacketoverthebird’sheadtokeepitcalm,carefullypickeditup,andhelditgentlyinherarms.(Cordova用外套盖住鸟儿的头，让它保持平静，小心翼翼地把它抱起来，轻轻地抱在怀里)”和最后一段中“It’sadisappointingending,buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Cordovatraveledtwohoursbyfoot,car,andsubway.(这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在大城市里，一些人为了拯救一只天鹅，愿意走多远。Cordova总共步行、开车和乘地铁走了两个小时)”可知，Cordova非常温柔地对待这只天鹅，总共花了两个小时把它送往康复中心进行医治。由此可知，她是一个有爱心的人。故选A项。DDoyouknowhowtocycle?Itisaskillthat,oncelearned,isneverforgotten.Forthemajorityofus,theartofbalancingontwowheelswasmasteredduringourchildhood.Manystillwearhelmets,putfeetonthepedals,andtakearidearoundthestreets.Andinrecentyears,cyclinghasbecomemoreandmorepopular.Whatattractspeopletoridetheirbikesonceagain?Cyclingoffersalotofadvantagesthataffectbothourphysicalandmentalhealth.Forexample,regularcyclingcanimprovethefunctionofourcardiovascular(心血管的)system,assistintheburningofextrabodyfatandstrengthenourlegmuscles.Alongrideinthecountrysidehelpsustoclearourmindeasily.Ridingabikeisasmartchoiceforgettingtowork,shopping,orsightseeing.Youcansavemoneythatyouwouldotherwisespendonfuelsandfares.Unlikecarsthatstrugglewithparking,bikescanbeeasilylockedup.Then,onthetrain,therearechancesatstationsandotherpeoplespeakingloudlyontheirphones.Cyclistsfaceneitheroftheseproblems.Andifwe’reworriedaboutsafety,therearecyclelanesinmanycities,orwecanwearlight-coloredclothestoimproveoursafetywhencyclingontheroads.Cyclingcanalsobegoodfortheenvironment.Itcutsourcarbonfootprint,whichmeanswemakelesspollution.It’sgreatforourplanetandkeepstheaircleanaroundus.Whenweridebikes,wedon’tusefuellikecarsdo,andthat’sreallygoodforourenvironment.Therefore,moreandmorepeoplechoosetorideformanybenefitssuchasimprovingtheirhealth,easilygoingtowork,savingmoney,protectingtheenvironment,oracombinationofthesefactors.12.Whendomostpeoplelearntoride?A.Intheirfreetime. B.Aftertheirretirement.C.Attheiryoungages. D.Duringtheiradulthood.13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribescycling?A.Itisagoodwaytosavemoney.B.Itisagreatideatorelaxcyclists.C.Itisdangeroustocycleontheroads.D.Itisdifficulttofindaplaceparkthebike.14.Howdoescyclingaffecttheenvironment?A.Consumesmorefuels. B.Increasesairpollution.C.Causesfeweraccidents. D.Reducescarbonfootprint.15.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.Sports&Health. B.Travel&Culture.C.Science&Technology. D.Animals&Environment.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了骑自行车的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Forthemajorityofus,theartofbalancingontwowheelswasmasteredduringourchildhood.Manystillwearhelmets,putfeetonthepedals,andtakearidearoundthestreets.(对于我们大多数人来说，在童年时期就掌握了在两个轮子上保持平衡的艺术。许多人仍然戴着头盔，把脚放在踏板上，在街上骑车)”可知，大部分人在年幼时就学习骑自行车。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Youcansavemoneythatyouwouldotherwisespendonfuelsandfares.(你可以省下原本要花在燃料和车费上的钱)”可知，骑自行车是一个省钱的好方式。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Cyclingcanalsobegoodfortheenvironment.Itcutsourcarbonfootprint,whichmeanswemakelesspollution.It’sgreatforourplanetandkeepstheaircleanaroundus.Whenweridebikes,wedon’tusefuellikecarsdo,andthat’sreallygoodforourenvironment.(骑车对环境也有好处。它减少了我们的碳足迹，这意味着我们制造了更少的污染。这对我们的星球很好，并保持我们周围的空气清洁。当我们骑自行车时，我们不像汽车那样使用燃料，这对我们的环境真的很好)”可知，骑自行车可以减少我们的碳足迹，从而保护环境。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Cyclingoffersalotofadvantagesthataffectbothourphysicalandmentalhealth.(骑自行车有很多好处，影响我们的身心健康)”及最后一段“Therefore,moreandmorepeoplechoosetorideformanybenefitssuchasimprovingtheirhealth,easilygoingtowork,savingmoney,protectingtheenvironment,oracombinationofthesefactors.(因此，越来越多的人选择骑车有很多好处，如改善他们的健康，方便上班，省钱，保护环境，或这些因素的组合)”可知，本文讲述了骑自行车运动对于我们的好处，因此，可以在“运动和健康”一部分读到本文。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Ijustgotanewcomputer.Itisveryhelpful.WhenMs.LiuaskedustowriteareportaboutEaster,IdecidedtodoallofmyresearchontheInternet.Ienteredsomekeywordsintoasearchenginetofindinformationonthistopic.____16____WhatisEaster?____17____Itisoneofthebiggestholidaysinmanycountries.____18____Easterdoesnotfallonthesamedayeachyear.Thedatedependsonthemoon.ButitisalwaysinMarchorApril.HowdopeoplecelebrateEaster?PeoplecelebrateEasterwiththeirfamilyandfriends.____19____Inthisway,itisliketheChineseSpringFestival.OnEasterDay,manychildrenhaveegghuntsandeatchocolaterabbits.____20____ChildrenbelievethattheEasterBunnycomesandhideschocolateeggsforthemtofind.A.WhenisEaster?B.HereiswhatIfound.CTheyeatdeliciousfoodtogether.D.WhatdoyouknowabouttheInternet?E.Rabbitsandeggsaresymbolsofnewlife.F.EasterisanimportantfestivalinWesternculture.G.DoyouoftensearchforinformationontheInternet?【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了通过网络研究复活节的过程，介绍了复活节的意义、日期确定方式及庆祝习俗，将其与春节类比，并强调了兔子与蛋作为新生象征的角色。【16题详解】由上文“Ienteredsomekeywordsintoasearchenginetofindinformationonthistopic.(我在搜索引擎中输入了一些关键词来查找有关这个主题的信息。)”并结合下文有关复活节的信息可知，作者将关键词输入搜索引擎来查找关于这个话题的信息，因此B选项“HereiswhatIfound.(这是我找到的信息)”是一个合适的衔接句，表明作者接下来将介绍找到的信息。故选B。【17题详解】此空需要回答上文小标题提出的“WhatisEaster?(复活节是什么?)”的问题，而F选项“EasterisanimportantfestivalinWesternculture.(复活节是西方文化中一个重要的节日)”直接给出了答案，因此F选项是正确答案。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Easterdoesnotfallonthesamedayeachyear.Thedatedependsonthemoon.ButitisalwaysinMarchorApril.(每年的复活节不是在同一天。日期取决于月亮。但它总是在三月或四月)”可知这里明显是在询问复活节的日期，所以A选项“WhenisEaster?(复活节是什么时候？)”是合适的。故选A。【19题详解】上文“PeoplecelebrateEasterwiththeirfamilyandfriends.(人们与家人和朋友一起庆祝复活节。)”可知空格处继续提到人们庆祝的方式，而C选项“Theyeatdeliciousfoodtogether.(他们一起吃美味的食物)”进一步描述了这种庆祝方式，即聚餐，因此C选项是正确答案。故选C。【20题详解】下文“ChildrenbelievethattheEasterBunnycomesandhideschocolateeggsforthemtofind.(孩子们相信复活节兔子会来藏巧克力蛋让他们去找。)”可知这里暗示了兔子和蛋与某种寓意有关。E选项“Rabbitsandeggsaresymbolsofnewlife.(兔子和蛋是新生命的象征)”正好解释了这一点。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasdrivingmydaughtertothenearestairport.Itwasa3-hour___21___,soafterdroppingheroffatthe___22___,mysonsandIstoppedataMcDonaldstohavelunch.Afterfindingatable,Iwentuptoorderour___23___.Mostoftheworkerstherewereteenagers.Workingatthecashregister(收银台),___24___,wasanelderlady.Eachpersonthat___25___togivetheirorderwasgivenahugesmileandafewkindwords.It___26___myhearttoseehowshemadepeoplehappyinwithhergoodcheer.Whenitwasmy___27___toorder,IsmiledbackandtoldherthatshehadthesweetestsmileI’d___28___seen.Shelaughed,pattedmeonthehandand___29___,“Noextracharge,sweetie!”WhenIwas___30___homeIcouldstillfeelher___31___inmyheartandseehersmileinmymind.AndIcouldfeelmyownfacesmilingtoo.Whenwedrovebacktopickupmy___32___afewdayslater,westoppedattheMcDonaldsagain.I___33___theladywiththesweetsmilebutshewasnowheretobeseen.Maybeshewasn’t___34___thatdayormaybeshehadmovedontoblessotherswithhersmilesomewhereelse.EitherwayIwishedherwell.Rememberingour___35___meetingalwaysbringsasmilebacktomyface.21.A.trip B.speech C.activity22.A.station B.airport C.show23A.products B.drinks C.food24.A.instead B.however C.thus25.A.cameup B.lookedup C.brokeup26.A.warmed B.hurt C.troubled27.A.birthday B.turn C.check28.A.never B.ever C.seldom29.A.mailed B.recited C.said30.A.walking B.running C.driving31.A.kindness B.attention C.weight32.A.assistant B.daughter C.niece33.A.pickedup B.lookedfor C.chattedwith34.A.working B.worrying C.lying35.A.daily B.secret C.brief【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.A26.A27.B28.B29.C30.C31.A32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在麦当劳点餐时遇见了一位总是面带微笑的女收银员的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一段3小时的旅程，所以把女儿送到机场后，我和儿子们在麦当劳停下来吃午饭。A.trip旅行；B.speech演讲；C.activity活动。根据上文“Iwasdrivingmydaughtertothenearestairport.”可知，此处指的是一段驾驶的旅程。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.station车站；B.airport机场；C.show展览。根据上文提到的“drivingmydaughtertothenearestairport”可知，此处指的是将女儿送到机场。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到桌子后，我上前点我们的食物。A.products产品；B.drinks饮料；C.food食物。根据上文“mysonsandIstoppedataMcDonaldstohavelunch.Afterfindingatable,Iwentuptoorderour”可知，他们在麦当劳停下来是为了吃午餐，因此这里应是点食物。故选C。24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在收银台工作的是一个年长的女士。A.instead相反；B.however然而；C.thus因此。根据上文“Mostoftheworkerstherewereteenagers.”以及下文“wasanelderlady.”可知，上文提到大多数员工都是青少年，而在收银台工作的是一位年长的女士，上下文形成转折，因此用however表示“然而”。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个上来点餐的人都会得到一个大大的微笑和几句亲切的话。A.cameup走近，发生；B.lookedup查找；C.brokeup破裂。根据下文“togivetheirorderwasgivenahugesmileandafewkindwords.”以及常识可知，这里指的是顾客走近收银台准备点餐。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她如何用她的快乐让别人开心，我心里暖暖的。A.warmed使温暖；B.hurt伤害；C.troubled麻烦。根据下文“myhearttoseehowshemadepeoplehappyinwithhergoodcheer.”可知，这位女士的行为让作者感到心里温暖。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到我点餐时，我也回以微笑，并告诉她，她有着我见过的最甜美的笑容。A.birthday生日；B.turn次序；C.check检查。根据上文“Iwentuptoorderour___3___.”可知，作者在排队点餐，此处表示轮到作者点餐，it’sone’sturntodosth.表示“轮到某人做某事”。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.never从不；B.ever曾经；C.seldom很少。根据上文“Ismiledbackandtoldherthatshehadthesweetestsmile”以及语境可知，此处表示作者对收银员说这是自己曾经见过的最甜美的笑容。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她笑了，拍拍我的手说：“亲爱的，不额外收费！”A.mailed邮寄；B.recited背诵；C.said说。根据下文“Noextracharge,sweetie!”可知，空后是直接引语，这里是收银员说的内容。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我开车回家时，我仍然能感受到她在我心中的善良，也能在我的脑海中看到她的微笑。A.walking步行；B.running跑步；C.driving驾驶。根据上文“Iwasdrivingmydaughter”可知，作者是开车去的，因此这里是开车回家。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.kindness善良；B.attention注意力；C.weight重量。根据上文“Eachpersonthat___5___togivetheirorderwasgivenahugesmileandafewkindwords.”以及语境可知，这里指的是那位女士给作者留下的善良印象。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后我们开车回去接我女儿时，我们又在麦当劳停了下来。A.assistant助理；B.daughter女儿；C.niece侄女。根据上文“Iwasdrivingmydaughtertothenearestairport.”可知，作者送女儿去机场，这里应该是接女儿回来。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我寻找那位带着甜美微笑的女士，但她不见了。A.pickedup捡起；B.lookedfor寻找；C.chattedwith与……聊天。根据下文“theladywiththesweetsmilebutshewasnowheretobeseen.”可知，作者是在寻找之前遇到的那位女士。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许那天她不上班，或者她带着微笑去别的地方祝福别人了。A.working工作；B.worrying担忧；C.lying躺。根据上文“butshewasnowheretobeseen”可知，作者没有找到那位女士，推测那天那位女士可能没有在工作。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回想起我们短时间的相遇，总会让我脸上重新绽放笑容。A.daily每日的；B.secret秘密的；C.brief短时间的。根据上文“Workingatthecashregister(收银台),___4___,wasanelderlady.”以及常识可知，作者与这位女士在麦当劳点餐时遇见，这是短时间的相遇。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Astronomyistheoldestscience___36___（know）toman.Thousandsofyearsagomanlookedatthestarsandwonderedabouttheheavens.Butmanwas___37___（limit）bythesixplanetsthathecouldseeonly___38___hiseyesalone.TheGreeksstudiedastronomyover2,000yearsago.Theycouldseethesizecolour,and___39___（bright）ofastar.Theycouldseeitsplaceinthesky.Theywatchedthestars___40___（move）astheseasonschanged.ButtheGreekshadnotoolstohelpthemselvesstudytheheavens.Eachnewtooladdedtothefieldofastronomyhelpedmanreachoutintospace.Manknewalittleaboutthemoon___41___thereweretelescopes.HedidnotknowthattheplanetcalledSaturnhad___42___（ring）aroundit.Hissightwas___43___limitedthathecouldnotseealltheplanets.Intheearly1700s,peoplethoughttherewereonlysixplanets.Beforethespectroscope,mandidnotknowwhatkindofgases___44___（be）aroundthesunorotherstars.Withouttheradio-telescope,wedidnotknowthatradionoisescamefromfarinspace.Today,astronomyisa____45____（grow）science.Wehavelearnedmoreinthelastfiftyyearsthaninthewholehistoryofastronomy.【答案】36.known37.limited38.with39.brightness40.move41.until42.rings43.so44.was45.growing【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类探索太空的历史。【36题详解】考查过去分词。句意：天文学是人类知道的最古老的科学。theoldestscience是know动作的承受者，故用过去分词known作定语，表示被动。故填known。【37题详解】考查被动语态。句意：但是人类被限制在只能用眼睛观察到的六个星球上。根据句意可知此处为被动语态，belimitedby被……所限制。故填limited。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：但是人类被限制在只能用眼睛观察到的六个星球上。用眼睛观察应用介词“with”。故填with。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：他们可以看星星的大小，颜色和亮度。分析句子可知此处为and连接的三个并列的名词，brightness“亮度”。故填brightness。【40题详解】考查动词的宾补结构。句意：他们看到星星随着季节的变化而移动。理解句意可知，本空并非表示看着星星正在移动，而是观看移动的整个过程，故用动词原形作宾语补足语。故填move。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：直到有了望远镜人类才开始了解月球。理解句意可知，此处应用until引导时间状语从句，故填until。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：他并不知道土星周围围绕着土星环。根据常识可知，土星有土星环，而且不止一个，故用名词ring“环行物”的复数形式。故填rings。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：人类的视力如此有限以至于看不到所有的星球。根据句意结合空后的形容词limited，可知此处考查结果状语从句：so+adj./adv.+that从句。故填so。【44题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在光谱仪之前，人类不知道在太阳或其他星球周围是什么样的气体。主句的时态是过去时，而且句子的主语是kind，故用一般过去时was。故填was。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，天文学是一门正在成长的科学。根据句意可知此处应用形容词作定语修饰science，growing表示“正在成长的”。故填growing。【点睛】非谓语动词是短文改错的常见考点，也是难点，考生应该从非谓语动词与主语的逻辑关系上判断使用现在分词还是过去分词，如果是主谓关系常使用现在分词作伴随状语，原因状语、结果状语及目的状语等；如果是动宾关系，过去分词常作状语和定语，如第一小题，句句意：天文学是人类知道的最古老的科学。theoldestscience是know动作的承受者，故用过去分词known作定语，表示被动。故填known。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Tom想在春节来中国旅游，让你为他推荐一个城市。请根据以下提示给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.推荐城市；2.推荐的原因。写作要求：1.词数80词左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearTom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,ExcitedtoknowyouintendtotravelinChinaduringSpringFestival,I’mwritingtorecommendXi’anasyouridealdestination.LocatedincentralChina,Xi’anhasnumerousattractivesites.TheShaanxiHistoryMuseum,knownasChinesetreasurehouses,isamust-gosightthatyoumaylookforwardto.EspeciallyamazingistheTerracottaAmry,whichismadeupofover8,000statuesascopiesofrealsoldiers.IdobelievethistripinXi’anwillgiveyouadeepunderstandingofChinesehistoryandrichculture.WishyouanunforgettabletripinChina.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给加拿大朋友Tom写一封邮件，推荐来中国旅游的城市，介绍该城市并讲述推荐理由。【详解】1.词汇积累想要：intend→want/wouldlike/bewillingto许多的：numerous→many/plentyof由……组成：bemadeupof→consistof/becomposedof超过：over→morethan2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：LocatedincentralChina,Xi’anhasnumerousattractivesites.拓展句：TherearenumerousattractivesitesinXi’an,whichislocatedincentralChina.【点睛】【高分句型1】ExcitedtoknowyouintendtotravelinChinaduringSpringFestival,I’mwritingtorecommendXi’anasyouridealdestination.（“ExcitedtoknowyouintendtotravelinChinaduringSpringFestival”为形容词结构作状语，且该结构中运用了省略that的宾语从句）【高分句型2】TheShaanxiHistoryMuseum,knownasChinesetreasurehouses,isamust-gosightthatyoumaylookforwardto.（“knownasChinesetreasurehouses”为过去分词做后置定语，修饰主语“TheShaanxiHistoryMuseum”；运用了that引导定语从句，先行词为“sight”）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写词数应为150左右。TionaeThomascouldn’tbeprouderofher14-year-olddaughter.Plentyofpeopleoverlookedaboysittingaloneunderatreeinashoppingcenterparkinglot.ButnotTionae’sdaughter.The14-year-oldgirlsteppedintohelpthestranded(滞留)boy.AndtheInternetisapplaudingthisgirlforherkindness!Tionaeandherdaughterwereonthewayhome.ButastheypassedashoppingcenterTionae’sdaughterbeggedhertopullover.She’dnoticedaboywholookedlikehewasmostlikelyinelementaryschool.Hesatallaloneunderatreeinasmallislandwithintheparkinglot.“It’stoohot,mama,”thegirltoldhermom.So,Tionaepulledoverandherdaughtergotout,askingthestrandedboywherehisparentswere.Buttheboydidn’tknow.Thekindgirlletthestrandedboyusehercellphonetogivehisdadacall.ThenshesuggestedhemovefromhisspotunderthetreetothefrontofanearbyRiteAid.Shetoldhimitwouldbesafer.Atthesametime,thegirllefthimherphonenumberandtoldhimthathecouldcallherifnecessary.Gettingbackintothecarwithhermom,thegirlaskedtowaittomakesurethestrandedboygotpickedup.Shehatedtheideaofleavinghimalone.Andbecauseofthewarmertemperatures,shewantedtogethimsomewater.Plentyofothersmusthavenoticedtheboy.Maybetheylefthimalonebecausetheydidn’twanttodisturborscarehim.Maybetheyjus