山东省德州市2024年中考英语模拟试卷（含答案）2

山东省德州市2024年中考英语模拟试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。(共20小题,每小题2.5分,计50分)阅读理解Manypeoplethinkheroesneedtobehandsome,rich,orverysmart.Butasforme,aheroisapersonwhoalwayshelpsothers.MyheroisUncleBill.Heistheoldestsonofaworker,andhegrewupinapoorfamilywithfouryoungerbrothersandtwolittlesisters.Hewasgoodatneitherwritingnormath.Infact,heneverdidwellinschool.Sohehadtogiveupschoolataveryyoungage.Heworkedandgaveallhismoneytohelphisparents.Whenhewasgettingolder,hefoundthathewasveryinterestedinfixingthings.Hecollectedbrokenthingswhichpeoplethrewawayandfixedthemintogoodones.Hecouldfixalmosteverythingthatdidnotwork.Heworkedhardnevergaveup.Finally,heopenedhisownrepairshop.Ittookhimabout20yearstobecomeasuccessfulshopkeeper(店主).Now,heisveryrichandhasfourshops.Butheneverforgetsthedayswhenhehadnothing.Hegivesmoneytopoorfamilies,helpspoorkidsbuybooksandoffersthemfreelunch.Healsoencouragespeopletoreusethings.Healwayssays:Makegooduseofwhatyouhavebecausewejusthaveoneearth.IamproudofUncleBill.Heisreallyahero.1．HowmanypeoplewerethereinUncleBill'sfamilywhenhewasachildA．7. B．8. C．9. D．10.2．WhatdoesUncleBill'sfatherdo?A．Heisashopkeeper. B．Heisaworker.C．Heisamathteacher. D．Heisafarmer.3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．UncleBillhasworkedhardandfinallyownssixrepairshops.B．Withthehelpofhisparent,UncleBillbecamesuccessful.C．UncleBillwasinterestedinwritingbooksaboutfixingthings.D．Whenhewasyoung,hehadtoworktohelpsupportthefamily.4．WhydoesthewriterthinkUncleBillisahero?A．Heisrichandsmart.B．Heissuccessfulshopkeeper.C．Healwaystrieshisbesttohelpothers.D．Heisgoodatfixingbrokenthings.5．What'sthebesttitle(标题)forthispassage?A．UncleBill—MyHero. B．Iwanttohaveanuncle.C．SaveOurEarth. D．Canyouhelpme?阅读理解Whenyouarewaitingonaphonecallwithapeninyourhandorhavenothingtodoonatrain,youmayprobablydoodle(涂鸦).ConsultantGraphology(笔迹杏询师)Traceyhasstudiedthemostcommondoodlesandtheirmeaninginanewpieceofresearch.Hereshesharesthepsychology(心理学)behindthosedoodles.Circles:Drawingroundshapesexpressestheneedtoloveandbeloved.Squares:Ifyou'redrawingsquares,thenthisshowsapractical(脚踏实地的)nature.Flowers:Ifyourflowerhasalargeroundcenter,thisexpressesconfidenceandtheenjoymentofagoodsociallife.Hearts:Heartshavealwaysbeensymbolsoflove.Itclearlyexpressesthatyoucarealotaboutothers'feelings,buteasilygetsadaswell.Coils(线圈):Drawingthesecomplicated(复杂的)shapesmeansthedoodlershaveacolorfullifeandtheabilityofcreativity.Whatunusualdoodlestheyare!Webs:Thiskindofdoodlesmaybeunusualandcomplicatedbutdrawingwebsshowsspecialpersonalitiesthataregoodatleadingpeopletoaspecialsituation.Boxes:It'snotgoodnewsforpeoplewhodrawboxes.Traceybelievesthatwhilethisshowsgreatdreams,itcanalsobeasignofmaterialism(物质主义).6．Whendoesdoodlingmostprobablyhappen?A．Whendrivingacar.B．Whenfeelingboredonthetrain.C．Whenhavingasleep.D．Whencookingamealathome.7．Whatkindofdoodlesexpressesthatyoupaymuchattentiontofeelings?A． B．C． D．8．Whichareunusualandcomplicateddoodles?A．Coilsandwebs. B．Circlesandboxes.C．Heartsandflowers. D．Squaresandwebs.9．WhatdoesTraceythinkofthedoodlesofboxes?A．Theyshowconfidenceandtheenjoyment.B．Theyshowtheabilityofcreativity.C．Theycanbeasignofmaterialism.D．Theyshowspecialpersonalities.10．Whydidthewriterwritethispassage?A．Tospendtheboringtime.B．Toteachpeoplehowtodoodle.C．Tomakepeopleknoweachother.D．Tosharethepsychologybehinddoodles.阅读理解Ancientartdoesn'thavetobeboring.Technologyinthe21stcenturycanhelptobringittolifebycombining(融合)thebestoftheoldandthenew.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalWalkingintotheChinaPavilionatExpo2010inShanghai,peoplewereamazedbyseeingahugedigital(数码的)painting.Scientistsdigitized(数码化)thefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestisalbyChineseartistZhangZeduan.Theoriginal(原先的)paintingshowslifeduringtheNorthernSongperiodanditincludesmanydetailsofancientChinesecustoms,lifestylesandtechnology.____Farmersworkinthefields,sailorsmovearoundtheirboatsandpeopleeatanddobusinessinrestaurants.Partsofthebackgroundarealsoanimated(做成动画).Youcanseethewindblowingthroughthetreesandacrossthewater.Theseanimationsperfectlycombinemoderntechnologyandancientart.Digitaltechnologyallowstoday'sartiststoexpresstheirideasinwaysthatancientartistswouldnotbelievepossible.Techniquessuchasanimationand3Ddigitalprojection(投影)makeartcomealive.DunhuangCavePaintingsDunhuangCaves,whichareprotectedancienttreasuresintheGobidesertinNorthwestChina,arefilledwithpaintingsandsculptureswithlastingvalue.Thisartworkwascreatedoveraperiodofaround1,000years.Thegoodnewsisforartloverswhocannottravelandforthecaves.Scientistshavecreateda360-degree,3Ddigitalprojectionofthecaves,whichmakestheartworkcomealive.Thereisalsoafunction(功能)thatletsviewerszoominandenjoythepaintingsandsculpturesingreaterdetail.Digitisingancientartallowsustoexploretheancientpractices.Italsomakesthewholeworldunderstandtheartwhileprotectingtheoriginalartworksforthefuture.11．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat____.A．bothofthetwoartworksuse3DdigitalprojectionB．ancientartallowspeopletoexplorethemoderntechnologyC．peoplecan'tgotoDunhuangtoenjoypaintingsandsculpturesnowD．thedigitalpainting,AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalwascreatedbyZhangZeduan12．Whichsentencemaybethebesttofillinthe"____"?A．Inthedigitalpainting,alotofthesedetailsareanimated.B．Inthedigitalpainting,alotofthesescenesarewellknown.C．Inthedigitalpainting,moredetailsoftheartcanbeenjoyed.D．Inthedigitalpainting,manydifferentstylesofartcanbeseen.13．Theunderlinedphrase"zoomin"means____inChinese.A．使(镜头)抬高 B．使(镜头)拉近C．使(镜头)俯视 D．使(镜头)远离14．Fromthepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that____.A．studyingancientartasmuchaspossibleisverynecessaryB．goodartmustcombinemoderntechnologyandancientartC．protectingtheancientartworksismoreimportantthandevelopingtechnologyD．morevaluableancientartworkswillbeprotectedbetterwithtechnologyinthefuture15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．EnjoyingAncientArt B．ProtectingModernTechnologyC．DigitisingAncientArt D．UnderstandingModernTechnology阅读理解ScientistsattheUniversityofFlorida(UF)havegrownplantsinsoilthatcamefromtheMoom.Theplantsdidn'tgrowaswellasthosegrewinsoilfromEarth,buttheexperimentmarksanimportantsteptowardsgrowingplantsontheMoon.TheMoon'ssoiliscalled"regolith(风化层)",andthere'snotalotofitonEarth.NASA(美国国家航空航天局)hasmostofit,whichwascollectedover50yearsago.Becausetheregolithissovaluable,ittooktheUFscientists11yearstopersuadeNASAtoallowthemtouseit.NASAdidn'tgivethemmuchsoil.TheregolithcamefromthreedifferentNASAspaceflights—Apollo11,12and17.ThesoilfromApollo11wastakenfromthetoplayer(层)oftheMoon'ssurface.TherestcamefromdeeperlayersoftheMoon'ssoil.Thescientistschoseaspecialplantfortheirexperiment.It'sasmallplantrelatedtobroccoli(西兰花)thatcangrowinverylittlesoil.ScientistsknowalotabouttheDNAofthisplant,whichhelpsthemunderstandhowitgrowsinthesoilit'splantedin.BystudyingchangesintheDNAoftheplantsgrowingintheMoon'ssoil,scientistsmayonedayfindoutnewwaystohelpplantsgrowbetterintheMoon'ssoil."TheabilitytotakeplantssuccessfullywithustotheMoonishowwe'llgrowourownfood."saidDr.RoberFerl,oneoftheresearchers."ShowingthatplantswillgrowintheMoon'ssoilisactuallyahugestepinthatdirection."16．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．ThereisalotofMoon'ssoilattheUF.B．ScientistsattheUFhavegrownplantsontheMoon.C．TheexperimentcarriedoutbyscientistsattheUFachievednothing.D．TheplantsintheMoon'ssoilgrewworsethanthoseinEarth'ssoil.17．IttooktheUFscientists11yearstobeallowedtouse"regolith"because____.A．itisveryvaluableB．itwaskeptbyNASAC．itwasgottenfromtheMoonD．itcannotbeusedtogrowplants18．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"persuade"inParagraph2probablymean?A．Arguewithothers. B．Makesb.dosth.C．Showsth.toothers. D．Sellsth.toothers.19．Whydidscientistschooseaplantrelatedtobroccoli?A．Becauseitneededlittlesoil.B．BecauseitwouldchangeitsDNA.C．Becauseitcouldgrowwellintheregolith.D．BecausescientistsknowlittleaboutitsDNA.20．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ExplorersgrewfoodontheMoonB．AstronautsreturnedtoEarthsafelyC．NASAcollectedsoilfromtheMoonD．ScientistsgrewplantsintheMoon'ssoil二、短文还原(共5空，每小题2分，计10分)阅读短文，从短文下面六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。BooksopenupnewworldDoyoulikereading?Ifso,thenWorldBookDaymightbeforyou.UNESCOsetupWorldBookDayin1995.21．Readingisawonderfulhobbytogetinto.22．Byjoiningbookclubsandevents,readingcanalsohelpyoumakenewfriendsintherealworld.BookCrossingBookCrossingissetto"makethewholeworldalibrary".23．Youstartbyleavingabookinapublicarea.Someoneelsewillthenpickupthebookandreadit.Thisway,peoplecanfindbooksinnewgenres(类型)andbynewauthors.Someonemightevengetintoreadingasanewhobby.★LonelyislandAreyouabigfanofdetectivestories?OnApril10,asmallbookstorecalledLonelyIslandopenedinShanghai.AsShanghai'sfirstbookstoreofitskind,LonelyIslandsellsonlydetectivenovels(侦探小说).24．Hehopestomeetpeoplewiththesameinterestonthis"island".Inthefuture,wemightseemorebookstoreswithotherinterestingthemes.★ModernreadingToday'sworldisadigital(数字化的)world.Peoplepreferscrolling(下滑)throughsocialmediapostsorplayinggamesoverotheractivities.Canbooksstillbepopular?25．Infact,therewere494millionpeoplereadingonlineinChinalastyear,ChinaDailyreported.Thenumberrose(上升)5.56percentoverthepreviousyear.Peoplereade-booksandlistentoaudiobooksonline.A.Booksopenupanewwholeworldtoallofus.B.Itcanhelpyouseeandfeelnewworldsthroughyourownimagination.C.ShiChemi,theownerofthebookstore,isadetectivewriterhimself.D.IthappensonApril23everyyear.E.Thankfully,Chinesepeoplearestillreading—they'rejustdoingitonline.F.Itletspeoplereadandsharebookswithstrangers.三、综合填空(共20空,每空1.5分,计30分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个词汇中选择10个意义相符的词汇，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处。asfroma(an)boththatinteresteddutyandmuchstorytheSince1921,theCommunistPartyofChinahasbeenleadingChinesepeopletolivebetterlives.Myparentsareveryproudbecause26．ofthemjoinedthePartywhentheywereinuniversity.27．membersoftheParty,theyknowtheymustserve(服务)thepeople.Theyalwaystakepartincommunityefforts(有组织的活动)actively.During28．unusualwinterholidayin2020,theyjoinedateamofvolunteerstohelpcheckpeople'sinformation29．takepeople'stemperature.TheyalsospreadknowledgeaboutCOVID-19.Theirbehaviorshowsmethe30．ofthePartymembers.Iwanttolearnmore31．themandtobeamemberoftheParty.WhenIwasyounger,myparentstoldmemanytouching(感人的)32．abouttheCPC.ThespiritsofHongYan,JingangshanandYan'anmovedmesomuch.Fromthattimeon,Ibecame33．intheParty.Manyyearshavepassed.IreadlotsofbooksandwatchedmoviesthatshowthespiritoftheCPC.What'smore,IhavejoinedinmanyactivitiesthatareaboutthePartyinordertolearnmoreaboutit.NowIamaLeaguemember(团员).Ibelieve34．IwillbearealPartymemberbeforelong.IfIbecomeamemberoftheParty,Iwilldoas35．asIcantohelpothers.I'mlookingforwardtothatday!阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化(可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。get,have,be,add,become,use,introduce,teach,lose,face,encourageThisisTammelaSchool,aprimaryschoolinFinland.Nowthestudents36．amathclasswiththeirrobotteacher.The"teacher"isasmall,bluemachineabout25cmhigh,Reutersreported.Wheneverstudentshaveproblems,ithelpsthemverypatientlyandnever37．bored."Therobotcanmakestudentsmoreactiveinclassthanusual.IseeEliasasoneofthetools38．differentkindsofpracticeandactivitiesintotheclassroom."ateachertoldReuters.Sofartheschool39．fourrobotteachers,oneofwhom40．alanguageteacherthatcanspeak23languagesanddancetomusic."Itisnecessary41．kidstocomeupwithnewwaystomakeuseoftechnologyinschoollife."theheadteacheroftheschool42．intheinterview."Therobotteachers43．tohelpimprovelearning.Thisdoesn'tmeanthathumanteachers44．theirjobsinthefuture.Therobots45．well,buttheyarenotabletokeepclassinorder.Theschoolstillneedshumanteachers."四、阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，计10分)阅读短文，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。You'vebeenlearningwordssinceyouwereatinybaby.Atfirst,youlearnedthemonlybyhearingotherpeopletalk.Nowthatyou'reareader,youhaveanotherwaytolearnwords.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucometoawordandyouthinkyoudon'tknowwhatitmeans?Followingsomeeasystepscanhelpyou.●SayitFirstsounditout.Thensayittoyourself.Itmightsoundlikeawordyouknow.Sometimesyouknowawordinyourheadbutyoudon'tknowwhatitlookslikeinprint.Soifyoumatchupwhatyouknowandwhatyouread—youwillhavetheword!●UsecontextIfthisdoesn'twork,takethenextstep:lookatthecontext—theotherwordsandsentencesaroundit.Readthissentence:Whenitrained,thedoglookedforshelterinthedoorway.Ifthewordshelterdoesn'tlookfamiliar,lookatthewordsaroundit.Theymightgiveyouusefulinformationandhelpyouunderstandthewholesentenceorpassage.●UsewordpartsIfthecontextdoesn'thelp,lookatthepartsoftheword.Doesithaveanypartsyouknow?Thesecanhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.Ifyoudon'tknowthemeaningofminer,trylookingatpartsoftheword.Youmightknowthatamineisaplaceundergroundwherepeoplegetcoalandothervaluablethings.Alotoftimes,-erattheendofawordmeans"apersonwhodoessomething".Soaminermightbesomeonewhoworksinamine.Ifthethreestepsabovedon'twork,youcanusethefourthstep—lookitup!Youcanfindthewordinadictionary—eitherabookoronline.Nobodyknowsthemeaningofeveryword,butgoodreadersknowhowtounderstandwordstheydon'tknow.46．Howmanystepsarementionedinthepassagewhenyoucometoanunknownword?47．TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.48．Whydoyoulookaroundthewordsorsentencesaroundanunfamiliarword?49．AccordingtoParagraph4,afoundermightbe____.A．apersonwhosetsupacompanyB．apersonwhofindssomethingC．athingthatisusedtolookforpeople50．Giveapropertitletothepassage.五、书面表达(共1题，计20分)51．某英文报社正就青少年与父母关系这一话题开展题为"Howtokeepagoodrelationshipwithparents?"的征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示，写一篇80—100词的英语短文参加此次活动。要点提示：1、父母规矩太多，过于强调学习成绩，不理解自己等问题；2、你对这些问题的看法；3、你与父母保持良好关系的做法。Howtokeepagoodrelationshipwithparents?Inmyopinion,Ihavetoomanyrulesathome.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．C5．A【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了我的英雄Bill叔叔。

【点评】考查阅读理解题。从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，了解文章大概，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案。1．细节理解题。根据MyheroisUncleBill.Heistheoldestsonofaworker,andhegrewupinapoorfamilywithfouryoungerbrothersandtwolittlesisters.可知，Bill叔叔兄妹七人，加上父母，一共九个人，故选C。2．细节理解题。根据MyheroisUncleBill.Heistheoldestsonofaworker,比尔叔叔的父亲是名工人，故选B。3．细节理解题。根据sohehadtogiveupschoolataveryyoungage.Heworkedandgaveallhismoneytohelphisparents.可知，Bill小时候就努力工作支撑这个家。故选D。4．细节理解题。根据Manypeoplethinkheroesneedtobehandsome,rich,orverysmart.Butasforme,aheroisapersonwhoalwayshelpsothers.MyheroisUncleBill.可知，作者认为叔叔是名英雄的原因是乐于助人，故选C。5．主旨大意题。根据Butasforme,aheroisapersonwhoalwayshelpsothers.MyheroisUncleBill...IamproudofUncleBill.Heisreallyahero，可知本文主要是介绍我的英雄-比尔叔叔。故选A。【答案】6．B7．D8．A9．C10．D【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了咨询师图形学专家Tracey对常见涂鸦及其含义的研究结果。不同的形状代表了不同的心理特征和个性。

【点评】考查阅读理解题。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。6．细节理解题。根据第一段Whenyouarewaitingonaphonecallwithapeninyourhandorhavenothingtodoonatrain

youmayprobablydoodle.(当你手里拿着笔等电话时，或者在火车上无事可做时，你可能会涂鸦。)可知涂鸦最有可能发生在火车上感到无聊的时候。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据表格中第四行Hearts:Heartshavealwaysbeensymbolsoflove.ltclearlyexpressesthatyoucarealotaboutothers'feelings,buteasilygetsadaswell.(心形：心形一直是爱的象征。它清楚地表达了你很关心别人的感受，但也很容易悲伤。)可知第四幅心形的涂鸦图能表达你对感情的重视。故选D。8．细节理解题。根据表格中第三行Coils(线圈):Drawingthesecomplicated(复杂的)shapesmeansthedoodlershaveacolorfullifeandtheabilityofcreativityWhatunusualdoodlestheyare!(线圈：画这些复杂的形状意味着涂鸦者有丰富多彩的生活和创造力。多么不寻常的涂鸦啊!)以及第四行Webs:Thiskindofdoodlesmaybeunusualandcomplicated,butdrawingwebsshowsspecialpersonalitiesthataregoodatleadingpeopletoaspecialsituation.(蜘蛛网：这种涂鸦可能是不寻常的和复杂的，但画蜘蛛网显示出特殊的个性他们善于把人引向特殊的境地。)可知线圈和蜘蛛网是不寻常的和复杂的涂鸦。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据表格中最后一行Traceybelievesthatwhilethisshowsgreatdreams.ltcanalsobeasignofmaterialism.(Tracey认为，虽然这表明了伟大的梦想，但它也可能是物质主义的标志。)可知Traceyi认为涂鸦的盒子是物质的标志。故选C。10．主旨大意题。根据第一段Hereshesharesthepsychology(心理学)behindthosedoodles.(在这里，她分享了这些涂鸦背后的心理学。)可知作者写这篇文章是为了分享这些涂鸦背后的心理学。故选D。【答案】11．A12．A13．B14．D15．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了古代艺术不一定枯燥乏味。21世纪的技术可以将新旧技术的精华结合起来，使之焕发生机。

【点评】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。11．细节理解题。根据第六段Techniquessuchasanimationand3Ddigitalprojectionmakeartcomealive.(动画和三维数字投影等技术让艺术活起来。）倒数第二段Scientistshavecreateda360-degree,3Ddigitalprojectionofthecaves,whichmakestheartworkcomealive.(科学家们对这些洞穴进行了360度的三维数字投影，这让艺术品变得栩栩如生。)可知从这篇文章中，我们可以知道这两件艺术品都使用三维数字投影。故选A。12．细节理解题。根据第五段Farmersworkinthefields,sailorsmovearoundtheirboatsandpeopleeatanddobusinessinrestaurantsPartsofthebackgroundarealso.animated.Youcanseethewindblowingthroughthetreesandacrossthewater(农民在田里干活，水手在船上走动，人们在餐馆吃饭和做生意。部分背景也会设置动画(做成动画)。你可以看到风吹过树木，吹过水面。)可知"在数字绘画中，许多细节都是动画的。"符合题意。故选A。13．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段Thereisalsoafunctionthatletsviewerszoominandenjoythepaintingsandsculpturesingreaterdetail.(还有一个功能这可以让观并更详细地欣赏绘画和雕塑。)可知"zoomin"的意思是"使(镜头)拉近"。即"放大"。故选B。14．细节推断题。根据最后一段Digitisingancientartallowsustoexploretheancientpractices.ltalsomakesthewholeworldunderstandtheartwhileprotectingtheoriginalartworksforthefuture.(数字化古代艺术使我们能够探索古代实践。它也让全世界在为未来保护原创艺术品的同时了解艺术。)可推出未来科技将更好地保护更多有价值的古代艺术品。故选D。15．最佳标题题。根据第一段Ancientartdoesn'thavetobeboring.Technologyinthe21stcenturycanhelptobringittolifebycombiningthebestoftheoldandthenew.(古代艺术不一定枯燥乏味。21世纪的技术可以将新旧技术的精华结合起来，使之焕发生机。)可知本文最佳标题为"数字化古代艺术"。故选C。【答案】16．D17．A18．B19．A20．D【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了美国佛罗里达大学的科学家们在月球土壤中种植植物的实验。

【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。16．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Theplantsdidn'tgrowaswellasthosegrewinsoilfromEarth,buttheexperimentmarksanimportantsteptowardsgrowingplantsontheMoon.(这些植物的生长不如在地球土壤中生长的植物，但这项实验标志着朝着在月球上种植植物迈出了重要一步。)可知，月球土壤中的植物生长得比地球土壤中的更差。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Becausetheregolithissovaluable,ittooktheUFscientists11yearstopersuadeNASAtoallowthemtouseit.(由于月壤非常珍贵，佛罗里达大学的科学家们花了11年时间说服NASA允许他们使用月壤。)可知，月壤是很珍贵的。故选A。18．词义理解题。根据第二段第二句Becausetheregolithissovaluable,ittooktheUFscientists11yearstopersuadeNASAtoallowthemtouseit.(由于月壤非常珍贵，佛罗里达大学的科学家们花了11年时间说服NASA允许他们使用月壤。)可知，persuade的含义是说服，使某人做某事符合语境。故选B。19．细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句It'sasmallplantrelatedtobroccolithatcangrowinverylittlesoil.ScientistsknowalotabouttheDNAofthisplant,whichhelpsthemunderstandhowitgrowsinthesoilit'splantedin.(可以在很少的土壤中生长。科学家们了解这种植物的DNA,这有助于他们理解它在种植的土壤中生长的方式。)可知，因为它需要很少的土壤。故选A。20．标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句ScientistsattheUniversityofFlorida(UF)havegrownplantsinsoilthatcamefromtheMoon.(佛罗里达大学的科学家们已经在来自月球的土壤中种植了植物。)和最后一段最后一句ShowingthatplantswillgrowintheMoon'ssoilisactuallyahugestepinthatdirection.(证明植物能够在月球土壤中生长实际上是朝着这个方向迈出的巨大一步。),通读全文可知，科学家在月球土壤中种植植物适合做本文的标题。故选D。【答案】21．D；22．B；23．F；24．C；25．E【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了世界读书日，读书的好处以及网络达人和公司通过社交媒体或其他有趣的方式让更多的人参与到读书中来。

A.Booksopenupanewwholeworldtoallofus.书籍为我们所有人打开了一个全新的世界。

B.Itcanhelpyouseeandfeelnewworldsthroughyourownimagination.它可以帮助你通过自己的想象力看到和感受到新的世界。

C.ShiChemi,theownerofthebookstore,isadetectivewriterhimself.书店老板石车米本人就是一位侦探小说作家。

D.IthappensonApril23everyyear.它每年发生在4月23日。

E.Thankfully,Chinesepeoplearestillreading—they'rejustdoingitonline.幸运的是，中国人仍然在阅读——他们只是在网上进行。

F.Itletspeoplereadandsharebookswithstrangers.它让人们可以阅读并与陌生人分享书籍。

【点评】做选句补全短文的阅读理解时，首先需要通读全文，理解文章的主旨大意，再仔细阅读选项，结合上下文选择符合逻辑的合适选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。21．细节推理题。根据前文UNESCOsetupWorldBookDayin1995,(联合国教科文组织于1995年设立了世界读书日。)可知此处介绍世界读书日的具体日期，所以D项"它发生在每年的4月23日。"符合语境。故选D。22．细节推理题。根据前文Readingisawonderfulhobbytogetinto.(阅读是一种很好的爱好。)可知此处介绍阅读的好处，所以B项"它可以帮助你通过自己的想象看到和感受新的世界。"符合语境。故选B。23．细节推理题。根据前文BookCrossingissetto"makethewholeworldalibrary".(BookCrossing的设定是"让整个世界成为图书馆"。)可知此处介绍这个活动的内容，所以F项"它允许人们与陌生人阅读和分享书籍。"符合语境。故选F。24．细节推理题。根据前文AsShanghai'sfirstbookstoreofitskind,LonelyIslandsellsonlydetectivenovels(侦探小说).(作为上海第一家同类书店，LonelyIsland只卖侦探小说。)可知此处介绍它和侦探小说的关系，所以C项"书店老板ShiChemi本身就是侦探作

家。"符合语境。故选C。25．细节推理题。根据前文Canbooksstillbepopular?(书还能流行吗?)可知此处是对这个问题的回答，所以E项"令人欣慰的是，中国人仍在阅读——他们只是在网上阅读。"符合语境。故选E。【答案】26．both；27．As；28．the；29．and；30．duty；31．from；32．stories；33．interested；34．that；35．much【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个年轻人受到父母作为中国共产党党员的影响，通过他们的榜样和参与社区服务，以及自己对党史的学习和参与相关活动，渴望成为一名党员并致力于服务他人的故事。

as-如同；from-来自；a(an)-一个；both-两者；that-那个；interested-感兴趣；duty-责任；and-和；much-许多；story-故事；the-这个/那个

【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。26．句意：我的父母非常自豪，因为他们两个都是在大学时入党的。根据前句Myparentsareveryproud(我的父母非常自豪，)可知此处应是因为他们两个都是在大学时入党的，故空处应是both"两者都",代词。故填both。27．句意：作为党员，他们知道必须为人民服务。根据空后theyknowtheymustservethepeople.(他们知道必须为人民服务。)可知此处应是作为党员，他们知道必须为人民服务，故空处应是as"作为",介词，句首首字母大写。故填As。28．句意：在2020年不寻常的寒假期间，他们加入了一个志愿者团队，帮助检查人们的信息并测量人们的体温。根据语境可知，空处表示特指2020的假期，故应用定冠词the。故填the。29．句意：在2020年不寻常的寒假期间，他们加入了一个志愿者团队，帮助检查人们的信息并测量人们的体温。结合上下语境，checkpeople'sinformation和takepeople'stemperature是并列，此处表示并列关系。故填and。30．句意：他们的行为使我明白了党员的责任。thedutyofthePartymembers党员的责任，故填duty。31．句意：我想向他们学习，成为一名党员。learn……from……"向……学习",固定短语。故填from。32．句意：我小的时候，父母给我讲了许多关于中国共产党的感人故事。tellstories"讲故事",固定短语。故填stories。33．句意：从那时起，我对党产生了兴趣。根据前句ThespiritsofHongYan,JingangshanandYan'anmovedmesomuch.(红岩、井冈山、延安的精神深深打动了我。)可知此处应是从那时起，我对党产生了兴趣；becomeinterestedin"对……产生了兴趣",固定短语。故填interested。34．句意：我相信不久我就会成为一名真正的党员。分析句子结构可知，空处应是宾语从句的引导词，且在句中没有实在意义，故应用that。故填that。35．句意：如果我成为一名党员，我会尽我所能帮助别人。asmuchasonecan"尽某人所能"。故填much。【答案】36．arehaving；37．becomes；38．toget；39．hasintroduced；40．is；41．toencourage；42．added；43．areusedto；44．willlose；45．canteach【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了芬兰的一所小学，使用机器人老师上课，让学生们变得更加活跃积极，提高了学生们的学习态度，但同时机器人也有它的不足之处。

get，得到、获得；have，拥有、具有；be，是、成为；add，添加、增加；become，变成、成为；use，使用、运用；introduce，介绍、引入；teach，教授、教导；lose，失去、丢失；face，面对、面临；encourage，鼓励、激励

【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。36．句意：现在学生们正在和他们的机器人老师上数学课。根据语句Nowthestudents……amathclasswiththeirrobotteacher.可知，本句时态为现在进行时，其结构为be+doing，主语为thestudents,be动词用are，故填arehaving。37．句意：无论什么时候学生们有问题，它非常耐心地帮助他们，从不变得厌烦。根据".helpsthemverypatientlyandnever...bored."(它非常耐心地帮助他们，从不变得厌烦。)可知，空处指"变得厌烦",becomebored表示"变得厌烦",and连接的动词形式一致，前面helps为单三形式，become也用单三形式becomes。故填becomes。38．句意：我将Elias视为将不同类型的实践和活动带入课堂的工具之一。根据"IseeEliasasoneofthe

tools...differentkindsof..."(我将Elias视为将不同类型的实践和活动带入课堂的工具之一。)可知，空处指"得到",备选词"get"符合句意。此空用不定式toget,在句中作定语。故填toget。39．句意：到目前为止，学校已经引进了四名机器人教师，其中一个是能教23种语言并伴随着音乐会跳舞的语言老师。根据"fourrobotteachers,"(四名机器人教师)可知，空处指"引进",备选词"introduce"符合句意。根据句中Sofar可知，时态为现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+done,主语为theschool，助动词需用has，introduce的过去分词为introduced。故填hasintroduced。40．句意：到目前为止，学校已经引进了四名机器人教师，其中一个是能教23种语言并伴随着音乐会跳舞的语言老师。根据"oneofwhom……alanguage