2025版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit1ScienceAndScientists教师用书新人教版选择性必修第二册

PAGEPAGE1Unit1ScienceAndScientistsⅠ.词块记单词1.severediarrhoea严峻的腹泻2.twocontradictorytheories两种对立的理论3.aninfectionfromgerms细菌感染4.needproof须要证据5.multipledeaths多起死亡事务6.betoblame该受责怪，应担当责任7.thehandleofthepump水泵的把手8.showalinkbetweenAandB显示出A和B之间的联系9.inhisuseofmapsandstatistics在他运用地图和统计数据方面10.changethethinkingofthescientificcommunityonthisissue变更科学界对这个问题的看法11.announcethefinding宣布这一发觉12.castdifferentshadowsofyou投下你不同的影子13.pouritlikealiquid像液体一样倒下14.underone'sleadership在某人的领导下15.anoutstandingandcreativescientist一位杰出而有创建力的科学家Ⅱ.语境记单词1.Manypeoplearesurprisedbythetransformationthatthecompanyhasbeentransformedfromafamilybusinessintoamulti­million­poundenterprise.(transform)2.Initially,Ientirelyknewabouttheinitialstepstheytooktocreateabettercampus.(initial)3.Rose'sfatherisaskilledmechanicsoshehasbecomeanexpertinmechanicalproblemsaboutmechanicallypoweredvehicles,too.(mechanic)4.Inthetimeofwar,lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.(defend)5.Asanassistant,heassistedtheprofessorwiththeexperiment.Andhisassistancemadetheexperimenteasiertodo.(assistant)6.Theirdaughterhadagiftforlanguagewhiletheirsonisagiftedpianist.(gift)7.Acountry,whichwantstobepowerfulandsteady,shouldpayattentiontodevelopingitseconomysteadily．(steady)8.ThefamousWestLakeislikeabrilliantpearlembeddedinthebeautifulandfertileshoresoftheEastChinaSeaandshockstouristsworldwidewithitsbrilliance．(brilliant)9.Withsolidproof(s),thelawyercancertainlyprovethatheisinnocent.(prove)10.Thesubscriberwasrichandgenerous,subscribingtwomilliondollarstotheRedCross.(subscribe)Ⅲ.语境记短语1.Icamedown(患病)withacoldthatforcedmetoslowdownmytraining.2.Thereareconcernsthatanewcivilwarmaybreakout(爆发)ifnosolutionisfound.3.Ateacher,aboveall(最重要的是),shouldknowwhattodowiththeproblemsappearinginclasscorrectly.4.Thanksto(幸亏)thesedonations,thepoorestofthepoorarereceivingthebest­qualitymedicinesonoffer.5.Ihaveneversubscribedto(赞成)theviewthatschooldaysarethehappiestdaysofyourlife.6.Althoughthecitypreservesagoodlookingeneral(总的来说),someofitsheritagewasdestroyedinWorldWarⅡ.7.Aneducatorwhoisinchargeof(主管)England'sexamssaidareviewoftheprimaryschoolcourseswouldbeachancetodecideifitshouldbetaughttoyoungerpupils.8.Whydon'tyounegotiatedirectlywithhimandsolvethisissueonceandforall(彻底地)?Ⅳ.公式练句型1.假如你不明白某件事，你可以调查、探讨以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白为止。(until引导的时间状语从句)Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething，youmayresearch,studyandtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout．2.每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把它介绍给你们。(so...that...)KeepingalearningdiaryeverydayissoimportantthatIwouldliketointroduceittoyou．3.我要去修一下我的电脑，因为它出故障了。(havesth.done)I'llhavemycomputerrepairedbecausethereissomethingwrongwithit.4.这个男孩似乎对参与机器人竞赛特别感爱好。(Itseemsthat...)Itseemedthattheboywasquiteinterestedintakingpartintherobotcompetition.5.有网瘾的青少年更可能患愁闷症。(belikelytodosth.)TeenagerswhoareaddictedtotheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.1.subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)[素养佳句]Heiskindenoughtosubscriberegularlytolocalcharities.他很和善，定期向当地的慈善机构捐款。subscribeto订阅；同意；赞同；捐赠subscribe...to...在……上签……；向……捐……——写出下列句中subscribeto的含义①Hesubscribestotheviewthatwecantacklethesevereprobleminthiswayonceandforall. 赞成；同意②Thisistheschoolyourfathersubscribedtogenerouslyinthepast. 捐赠③UsingthemoneyIearnedintheholiday,Ihavesubscribedtoseveralmagazinesrecently. 订阅——完成句子④Allofussubscribetotheviewthatagoodparent­childrenrelationshipisbasedonmutualunderstandingandrespect.我们全部人都赞成这个观点，即好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和敬重的。subscribeto短语中to是介词，后接名词或动词­ing形式。表示“赞成”的同义短语有：approveof,agreewith/to等；表示“捐助”的同义短语有：contributeto,donate...to等。2.suspectvt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象[素养佳句]Don'tsuspecthimofhishonestybecauseheisveryreliable.不要怀疑他的诚恳，因为他很牢靠。(1)suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事suspectsb./sth.tobe...怀疑某人/某物是……(2)suspicionn.怀疑；疑心undersuspicion被怀疑(3)suspiciousadj.怀疑的；可疑的besuspiciousof/aboutsth.对某事怀疑(4)suspectedadj.被怀疑的——单句语法填空①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.②Someofhiscolleaguesatworkbecamesuspicious(suspect)ofhisbehaviour.③Manypeoplesuspecthisfriendtobe(be)akidnapper.④Anymanwhohaswitnessedtheattackisundersuspicion.——完成句子⑤Thebosssuspectedhimoftakingthecomputerawayfromthecompany.老板怀疑他从公司拿走了电脑。3.blamevt.把……归咎于；指责；指责n.责怪；指责[素养佳句]Policeareblamingtheaccidentondangerousdriving.警方把事故缘由归咎于危急驾驶。(1)blame...for...因……而责怪……blamesth.onsb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事betoblame(for...)(因……)应担当责任；(因……)该受责怪(2)lay/puttheblame(for...)on...(把……)归咎于……——单句语法填空①Onceyouformthehabitofblamingtheworldforyourfailure,youarealoser.②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.③Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.——句式升级Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.④Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.(过去分词短语作状语)betoblameforsth.意为“应为某事负责或受指责”，其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。4.decreasen.削减；降低；削减量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)削减；减小；降低[素养佳句]InSpainandPortugaltherehasbeenadecreaseinthenumberofyoungpeopleoutofwork.在西班牙和葡萄牙，失业青年人数已经有所下降。(1)decreaseby...削减了多少；increaseby...增加了多少decreaseto...削减到多少；increaseto...增加到多少decreasefrom...to...从……削减到……(2)onthedecrease在削减；ontheincrease在增加——单句语法填空①Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,thepopulationofthecityhasnowincreasedtoamillion.②Thepressureatworkisontheincreaseinalloccupations.③Tooursorrow,populationgrowthisdecreasingby1.4%inlargecitieseachyear.——一句多译由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量在削减。④Becauseofhumanactivity,thenumberofsomerareanimalsisonthedecrease．(decreasen．)⑤Becauseofhumanactivity,thenumberofsomerareanimalsisdecreasing．(decreasev．)5.defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解[素养佳句]Shewillbedefendinghertitleatnextmonth'schampionships.她将在下月的锦标赛上争取蝉联冠军。(1)defend...against/from(doing)...爱护……免受……defendoneself防卫；为自己辩护(2)defencen.防卫；保卫；防卫物indefence(of)爱护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护inone'sdefence为某人辩护——单句语法填空①(2024·浙江卷7月)Terrified,ElliandItriedallthebeardefence(defend)actionsweknew.②Manytreeswereplantedtheretodefendtheearthfrombeingwashed(wash)away.③Whenadogattackedme,Ipickedupasticktodefendmyself(I)．④Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhandsasifindefence.——一句多译人们认为应当训练学生爱护他们自己以免遭某些攻击。⑤It'sthoughtthatstudentsshouldbetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstsomeattacks.(defend)⑥It'sthoughtthatstudentsshouldbetrainedindefenceofthemselvesfromsomeattacks.(defence)6.aboveall最重要的是；尤其是[素养佳句]Ourgoodscompeteintermsofproductquality,reliabilityandaboveallvariety.我们的产品在质量、牢靠性，尤其是品种方面颇具竞争力。afterall终归；终究allinall整体说来；总而言之inall全部；合计atall(否定句)一点儿也不；(疑问句)究竟；原委firstofall首先——用all的相关短语填空①Iwasveryupsettofindoutthathedidn'tlikemygiftatall．②Thelittlegirlwasanxiousandbegantotremble.Afterall,itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage.③Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschoolinall?——完成句子④Allinall,Isincerelyinviteyoutocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.总之，我真诚地邀请你到我们学校来亲自看看。7.Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.[素养佳句]Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelytoimprove.假如你能找到合适的学习方法，你的学习效率就有可能会提高。(1)Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.＝It'slikelythatsb./sth....某人/某物做某事是可能的。(2)notlikely绝不行能，肯定不会(3)unlikelyadj.不行能的——单句语法填空①(2024·全国Ⅰ卷)Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecover(recover)atafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.②Ifoneislateforajobinterview,itisnotlikelythathewillgetthejob.③Someonewholackspersistenceisunlikely(likely)tomakeagoodresearcher.——一句多译白天这个时候他不行能来，因为他太忙了。④Heisnotlikelytocomeatthistimeofdaybecauseheistoobusy.(likely)⑤Itisnotlikelythathewillcomeatthistimeofdaybecauseheistoobusy.(Itislikelythat...)选词填空outstanding;shift;pour;link;fault;thanksto;breakout;comedown;onceandforall;statistic1.Heissuchamanwhoisalwaysfindingfaultwithotherpeople.2.Thankstothehigh­speedtrains,wecangoaroundalloverthecountrymoreconveniently.3.Abigfirebrokeoutinthehotelyesterdayevening,whichcausedalotofdamage.4.Shelistened,shiftingnervouslyfromonefoottoanother.5.WhenJanesawhereffortspaidoff，tearsofhappinesspoureddownhercheeks.6.Unfortunately，theoutstandingastronomercamedownwithasevereillness.7.Yellowislinkedwithconfidence,self­respectandfriendliness.8.Statisticsshowthat50%ofnewbusinessesfailintheirfirstyearbecausetheylackenoughexperience.9.YuanLongpingisanoutstandingChineseagriculturalexpert.10.Wehavetohandlethismatteronceandforall．Ⅰ.语境猜词义1.(2024·全国甲卷)It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada. n.责任2.(2024·天津卷7月)Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir，”shedefendedherself. v.辩解3.(2024·天津卷7月)Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton. n.可疑对象Ⅱ.一词多义1.(2024·全国乙卷)PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece. CA.v.灌，倒 B.v.(雨)倾盆而下C.v.(人)大量涌至 D.v.斟(饮料)2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend. BA.v.转移(留意力等) B.v.挪动C.v.变更观点 D.v.推卸责任Ⅲ.完成句子1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)IhavebeenadevotedreadersinceIsubscribedtothenewspaper．自从我订阅了这份报纸，我就成了忠实的读者。2.(2024·全国乙卷写作)Forinstance,itsflexibilityenablesustolearnatourownpaceandlearnrepeatedlyuntilwemasterwhatwearelearning．例如，它的敏捷性使我们能够根据自己的节奏学习，并反复学习，直到我们驾驭了所学的东西。3.(2024·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Webegantohelppickpeachesandthenhadthemdeliveredtothefarmers'houses.我们起先帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农夫家里。4.(2024·全国Ⅰ卷写作)Sheissopatientwitheachstudentthatwealllikeher.她对每位学生如此有耐性以至于我们都喜爱她。5.(2024·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Aboveall,thepickingactivityalsoinspiredourloveoflabour.最重要的是，这次采摘活动也激发了我们对劳动的酷爱。Ⅰ.单词拼法1.Thepartysufferedsevere(特别严峻的)lossesduringthelastelection.2.Hewasanoutstanding(杰出的)athleteanddeservedtowin.3.Thesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinked(相关联)toapoordietandalackofexercise.4.Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachine,wemustsendforanengineertohandle(处理)theproblem.5.Itisnotyourfault(过错),soyouneedn'tmakeanapologytoJim.6.Standingatthewindow,Iwatchedtherainpouring(倾泻)down.7.Mymainreasonforsubscribing(订阅)toNewScientististokeeppaceofadvancesinscience.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Duetothestricttrafficregulationsondrunkdriving,thenumberofaccidentshasdecreased(decrease)recently.2.Whenthingsgowrong,allofusnaturallyfeeldisappointedandfrustrated(frustrate)．3.Doyourememberthosepuzzleswhereyouhadtotransformonewordintoanother?4.Theyoungman