高中英语译林版选修一：Unit 2 Period 2　Welcome to the unit Reading-Language points

Period2Welcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagepointsⅠ.单词拼写1．Whenheheardthebitterstory，hecouldn’thelpweepinginsadness.2．Whenyouareinsorrow，keeptellingyourselfthatitwon’tlastforever(永远)．3．Thenativesinsistedthatthisoldbuildingdeservedprotecting.4．Hisplandidthetrick，whichguaranteed(保证，担保)hissuccess.5．Thephotographerhadapleasant(友好的)mannerandwasagiftedpublicspeaker.6．Weareintheprocessoftransforming(转变)fromanindustrialsocietytoaserviceandinformationsociety.7．Thetwoboyswerewhispering(低语)whentheheadteachercameinfromthebackdoor.8．Themanwhocombined(结合)agasenginewithwheelswastheinventoroftheautomobiles.9．Notuntilrecentlydidthegovernmentstimulatethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintherural(农村的)areas.10．Onlybyfacingandovercoming(解决)difficultiesinourlifecanwegrowuphappilyandhealthily.Ⅱ.词形变化填空1．Believeitornot，thesorrowfulendingofthefilmmademywifegetintodeepsorrow.(sorrow)2．Theclassicmusiccomposedbythefamouscomposerispopularwiththeyoungpeople.(compose)3．Wecan’talwayscombineworkwithpleasure，andthecombinationishardtoget.(combine)4．Withsomanytreesandflowerssurroundingit，theschoollooksverynice.I’dliketobringupmysoninhealthysurroundings，soIwouldliketosendhimtoit.(surround)Ⅲ.完成句子1．Wearegoingtotalkabouttheproblemdiscussedatthelastmeeting.我们准备谈一谈上次会上讨论的问题。2．Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutunless(youare)fullycoveredinthickclothes.天太冷，你不能出去，除非你全裹在厚衣服里。3．Almosteveryonecanenjoymusic.Thisiswhymusicissopopular.几乎人人都能欣赏音乐。这就是音乐如此流行的原因。4．Whenaskedaboutthequalityoftheproducts，thesaleswomanhesitatedbeforeresponding.当被问及产品质量时，这位女销售员在回答前犹豫了一下。deservevt.值得，应得deservetodosth值得做某事；应该做某事deservetobedone＝deservedoing/n.值得被……；应受……deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Thecomposerdeservedtowin(win)thefirstprizebecausethetuneshecreatedwerereallyexcellent.(2)Nomatterhowordinaryajobis，itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeserves(deserve)ourduerespect.(3)John’sproposalandkindbehaviourdeservedpraise/praising/tobepraised.约翰的建议以及善举应该得到表扬。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)whispervi.&vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响n．低语；轻柔的声音；传言·whispertosb向某人低声说whispersthinone’sear在某人耳边低语Itis/waswhisperedthat...据秘密传闻……·inawhisper＝inwhispers耳语地；低声地单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Themotherpattedthebabygentlyandwhisperedsomethinginhisear，intendingthebabytosleep.(2)Itwaswhisperedthatthetalkshadfallenapartbecauseeachsidehadconcerns.(3)(读后续写之心理、语言描写)Shewassonervousthatshekeptforgettingwhattosay，andshespokealmostinawhisper/inwhispers.她太紧张了以至于总是忘记要说什么，而且她几乎是低声说话。transformvi.&vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化(transformationn．转化；转换；改造；变换)transformAintoB把A转变成Bo...把……从……转变成……单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Thecompanyhasbeentransformedfromafamilybusinessintoonewith3,000workforce.(2)ThereexistsaconceptthatChinesefoodmaybetransformed(transform)intowesterners’mainfoodoneday.(3)Accesstohighereducationbroughtaboutadramatictransformation(transform)inheroutlook.(4)(应用文写作之感谢信)Additionally，yourgeneroushelpandtendercaremademefeelwarmlywelcomedandtransformedmyfirstAmericantripintoanunforgettableandpleasantmemory.另外，你们的慷慨帮助和体贴关怀让我感到很受欢迎，使我的第一次美国之行变成了一段难忘而愉快的回忆。relyon依赖，依靠；信任(reliableadj.可依赖的，可信赖的)relyon/uponsbtodo/doingsth依靠/指望某人做某事relyon/uponitthat...相信……，指望……注意：relyon的近义短语还有dependon，counton等。单句语法填空/句型转换(1)Heisareliable(rely)andwarm-heartedpersonandheisalwaysthrowinghimselfintovoluntarywork.(2)Youmayrelyonitthatthesemeasureswilldothetricksoonerorlater.(3)Assomeoftheseactorscouldnotsingwellenough，theyhadtorelyonothermusicianstohelp/helping(help)them.(4)Youcanrelyonmetohelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.surroundingsn．周围，环境(surroundvt.包围；围绕surroundingadj.周围的)surround...with...用……包围/围绕……besurroundedby/with...被……包围单句语法填空/一句多译(1)Surroundedbytheforest，thevillagehasbeautifulsurroundingsandscenery，whichattractsmanyvisitorsfromsurroundingareas.(surround)(2)人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被群山和太平洋环绕。①PeoplesayitisCanada’smostbeautifulcity，surroundedby/withmountainsandthePacificOcean.(非谓语动词作定语)②PeoplesayitisCanada’smostbeautifulcity，whichissurroundedby/withmountainsandthePacificOcean.(定语从句)guaranteevt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修n．保证，担保；保修单·guaranteesbsth/guaranteesthtosb保证某人某事guaranteetodosth/that...保证做某事；确保……beguaranteedtodosth肯定会做某事；必定会做某事·underguarantee在保修期内givesbaguaranteethat...向某人担保/保证……单句语法填空/一句多译(1)Yourcyclewillberepairedfreeofchargeifit’sstillunderguarantee.(2)Torealizeherdream，sheisguaranteed(guarantee)toovercomethisdifficulty.(3)Ifyousendintheapplicationformstraightaway，Icanguaranteeaninterviewtoyou.(4)我们保证在一周内将货物送到。①Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev．；简单句)②Weguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev．；复合句)③Wegiveaguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteen．)adaptationn．改编本，改写本；适应；改编(adaptvt.使适应；改编)adapt(...)to...(使……)适应……(to为介词)adaptoneselfto(＝adjustoneselfto)使自己适应……adaptAfromB根据B改编AadaptAforB将A改编为B单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Hewasinabadmoodbecausehecouldn’tadapttoliving(live)inruralareas.(2)Luckily，Iadaptedmyself(me)tothenewsurroundingsandeverythingreturnedtonormalinnotime.(3)Mike，MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.(4)AsfarasIknow，thelatestTVplaypopularwithaudienceisadaptedfromatruestory.据我所知，这部最新的，很受观众喜爱的电视剧改编自一个真实的故事。consistof(＝bemadeupof，becomposedof)由……组成(或构成)(consistv．组成；构成；在于；一致consistentadj.一致的，相符的)·consistin(＝liein)在于……；存在于……consistwith和……一致·beconsistentwith和……一致，相符注意：consistof无被动形式，也不可用于进行时。单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Youcanrelyonthemanwhoseactionsarealwaysconsistentwithhispromises.(2)Lifemainlyconsistsofhappinessandsorrowwhilehappinessandsorrowconsistinstruggle.Rememberthatyourideallifedoesnotalwaysconsistwithreality.生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。(3)Lifeiscomposedof/consistsof/ismadeupofnotonlysunshineandlaughterbutalsofulloftwistsandturns.生活中不仅仅是阳光和欢笑，还充满了艰难和曲折。defendvt.&vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解(defencen．保护；保卫)·defend...from/against...保护……不受……defendoneself自卫·indefenceof为……辩护；保护……单句语法填空/一句多译(1)Thearmywilldowhateverittakestodefendthemotherlandfrom/againstinvasion.(2)Itisessentialthateveryoneshouldlearnhowtodefendhimself(he)bythelawfulmeans.(3)(读后续写之情景描写)当熊走近他们时，这对夫妇用胡椒喷雾来自卫。①Thecoupleusedpepperspraytodefendthemselveswhenthebearapproachedthem.(defend)②Thecoupleusedpeppersprayindefenceofthemselveswhenthebearapproachedthem.(defence)形容词(短语)作状语教材原句Angryandsad，Liangfallssickanddies.梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。(P16)形容词(短语)作状语：·常用来说明句子主语所处的状态，和主语常可构成系表关系。·形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。单句语法填空/句型转换(1)Embarrassed(embarrass)andashamed，heloweredhishead，motionless.(2)(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)Theywereexcitedandmoved.Theyweptandhuggedeachother.→Excitedandmoved，theyweptandhuggedeachother.(形容词短语作状语)(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Asthegirlwasfrightenedatthesnake，shecouldn’twalkanyfurther.→Frightenedatthesnake，thegirlcouldn’twalkanyfurther.(形容词短语作状语)Ⅰ.一词多义快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思dramaticeq\x(A.激动人心的，引人注目的B.突然的，急剧的C.戏剧性的，夸张的)1．Thedramaticincreaseofthehousingpricesupsetmanyyoungpeople.B2．Thedramaticvictorycomesfromallthemembers’hardworkandunity.A3．Heflungouthisarmsinadramaticgestureasiftohugtheworld.CⅡ.熟词生义快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思1．Seeingtheroominamess，Emmafrowned，makinganefforttocomposeherself.使镇静2．Theyofferedatwo-yearguaranteeonalltheirelectricalgoods，whichsurprisedmanycustomers.保修单Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Readingthenewly-publishednovelwritten(write)byafamouswritermakesmepleasant.2．Theparkwasfullofpeopleenjoying(enjoy)themselvesinthebeautifulsurroundings.3．Totellyouthetruth，whatimpressedmemostwasthebeautyofthecity.4．Jillcrossedherlegsandrestedherchinononefist，asiflost(lose)indeepthought.5．Itwasseveralfactorsthatcombinedtogenerate(generate)thedramaticeffect.6．ChristmasinthewestisasimportantafestivalastheSpringFestivalinChina.Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(twistsandturns，relyon，turnout，tearapart，deepinthought)1．Idon’twantmyfamilytobetornapartbyquarrels.2．Deepinthought，hedidn’tnoticehiswifewasinsorrowandweeping.3．Whiletheprospectsarebright，theroadshavetwistsandturns.4．Unexpectedly，mybrother，theyoungestcomposer，turnedouttobethewinnerinthecontest.5．ManypeoplenowrelyonsurfingtheInternetratherthanreadingnewspapersfornews.Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——音乐对我的影响)1．作为一名交换学生，在英国我曾经无法适应新环境。(adapt)Ionce，asanexchangestudent，couldn’tadapttothenewenvironmentintheUK.2．由于尴尬和害羞，我变得越来越悲观。(形容词短语作状语)Embarrassedandshy，Ibecamemoreandmorepessimistic.3．是音乐把我变成了一个积极的人。(transform)Itwasmusicthattransformedmeintoapositiveperson.4．每当我情绪低落时，我就依靠音乐让我自己振作起来。(relyon，compose)IrelyonmusictocomposemyselfwheneverI’minlowspirits.5．听音乐，感觉就像有人在我耳边低语，鼓励我。(whisper)Listeningtomusicfeelslikesomeonewhisperingencouragementinmyear.Ⅳ.阅读理解“Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter’sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight—aswellasduringtheday，”British-basedresearcherssay.DavidDominoni，ofGlasgowUniversity，saidthatlightfromstreetlamps，takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds’biologicalclocks，leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.DrDominoni，whoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatterns，saidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds’healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab，itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.Hetoldpeopleataconference，“Therehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.Sobyincreasingtheirsongoutput，theremightbesomecostsofenergy.”Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.DrDominonisaid，“InGlasgowwhereIlive，gullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtomesaying‘Youarethebirdexpert.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls？’Duringthebreeding(繁殖)season，betweenAprilandJune，theyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan’tsleep.”AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollution，otherresearchconcludesthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoise.However，somebirdsthrive(兴旺)innoisyenvironments.AstudyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敌)fleeingtoquieterareas.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项研究调查的结果，由于人类制造的光线问题，越来越多的鸟类如知更鸟在晚上也会唱歌，这会损耗很多能量，极大地影响了鸟的健康。1．AccordingtoDrDominoni’sstudy，whatcausesrobinstosingsomuch?A．Thebreedingseason.B．Thelightinmodernlife.C．Thedangerousenvironment.D．Thenoisefromheavymachinery.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，是现代生活中的灯光使知更鸟频繁唱歌。故选B。2．Whatistheresearchers’concernovertheincreaseofbirds’songoutput?A．Theenvironmentmightbepolluted.B．Thebirds’healthmightbedamaged.C．Theindustrycostmightbeincreased.D．Thepeople’shearingmightbeaffected.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，鸟儿唱歌频繁，鸟儿的健康可能受到影响，故选B。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inparagraph5mean?A．Activeatnight.B．Inactiveatnight.C．Activeduringtheday.D．Inactiveduringtheday.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据上文的“Anditisnotjustrobins...Blackbirdsandseagullsarealso...”可知，乌鸦和海鸥情况也一样，也就是说这两种鸟晚上也唱歌，指晚上很兴奋。故选A。4．Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?A．Becausetherearefewerdangers.B．Becausethereismorefoodtoeat.C．Becausethereislesslightpollution.D．Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，它们的天敌都去了安静的地方，指在这些工业区，天敌更少，也就是危险更少。故选A。Ⅴ.完形填空Thenew，“used”carthatIboughtjustthreemonthsagowouldn’tstarttheotherday.Thefactorybatterythat1alongwithitdecidedthatithadworkedlongenoughand2totakeanearly，permanentretirement.My3neighborgavemeajumpbutthebatterystubbornlywouldn’t4thecharge.Aftergettingonemorejump，I5tothelocalautopartsstoretobuyanewone.Installing(安装)itwasmuchmore6thanwethought，however，soItookittoalocalmechanicwhofinallygotthenewbatteryinandthecar7onceagain.Drivingitthismorning，though，I8thatthetimeanddateonthescreeninthedashboard(仪表盘)had9gonebacktonineyearsago，resettingtothe10dateofthefirsttimeitwasstarted.Whilemysonsmartlyfiguredouthowto11itbacktotoday，IthoughtaboutallthetimesIhadwishedIcouldgobackintimeandundosomeofthe12andmisstepsIhadtakeninmyownlife.Yes，manyofmychoicesbroughtme13inthepast，buttheyhavealsobroughtmewisdomforthepresent.Whenyou14yourownlife，don’tregrettheroadsnottaken.Instead，be15withthepathyouareon，thethingsyouhavelearned，andtheloveyouhaveshared.语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在装了新电池后，仪表盘屏幕上的时间和日期突然回到了九年前，这让作者感悟到：不应后悔没有走的路。1．A.came B．waitedC．left D．raced答案A解析come来到；wait等待；leave离开；race比赛。根据后文“alongwithit”可知电池是汽车自带的，comealongwith表示“和……一起来，随同”。故选A。2．A.planned B．refusedC．chose D．managed答案C解析plan计划；refuse拒绝；choose选择；manage管理。根据后文“totakeanearly，permanentretirement”可知指电池选择提前永久退休，choosetodosth选择做某事。故选C。3．A.easy-going B．kind-heartedC．hard-working D．good-tempered答案B解析easy-going随和的；kind-hearted好心的；hard-working努力工作的；good-tempered脾气好的。根据后文“neighborgavemeajump”可知，邻居帮助作者启动车子，邻居是好心的。故选B。4．A.lead B．takeC．offer D．hold答案D解析lead带领；take带走；offer提议；hold保持。根据上文“butthebatterystubbornlywouldn’t”可知，电池还是充不上电，故选D。5．A.welcomed B．headedC．returned D．got答案B解析welcome欢迎；head前往；return返回；get得到。根据后文“tothelocalautopartsstoretobuyanewone”可知，作者去当地的汽车配件商店买新电池。故选B。6．A.complex B．vitalC．efficient D．accurate答案A解析complex复杂的；vital重要的；efficient效率高的；accurate准确的。根据后文“Itookittoalocalmechanicwhofinallygotthenewbatteryin”可知，安装电池比想象的要复杂。故选A。7．A.switching B．jumpingC．running D．shaking答案C解析switch转换；jump跳跃；run运转；shake摇晃。根据“onceagain”可知车子终于启动起来了。故选C。8．A.guessed B．rememberedC．expected D．noticed答案D解析guess猜测；remember记得；expect期待；notice注意到。根据后文“thatthetimeanddateonthescreeninthedashboard(仪表盘)had”可知，作者注意到仪表盘上的时间和日期不对，故选D。9．A.suddenly B．slightlyC．casually D．secretly答案A解析suddenly突然；slightly略微地；casually随意地；secretly秘密地。根据后文“gonebacktonineyearsago”可知仪表盘屏幕上的时间和日期突然回到了九年前，故选A。10．A.final B．originalC．special D．temporary答案B解析final最终的；original原来的；special特别的；temporary临时的。根据后文“dateofthefirsttimeitwasstarted”可知车子的时间和日期回到了第一次启动的原始日期。故选B。11．A.bring B．programC．call D．drive答案B解析bring带来；program设置；call打电话；drive驾驶。根据后文“itbacktotoday”可知，此处指把仪表盘上的时间和日期设置回今天，故选B。12．A.attempts B．effectsC．mistakes D．changes答案C解析attempt尝试；effect影响；mistake错误；change改变。根据后文“andmisstepsIhadtakeninmyownlife”可知，此处指过去犯下的错误和失误。故选C。13．A.damage B．painC．peace D．convenience答案B解析damage破坏；pain痛苦；peace和平；convenience方便。后文“buttheyhavealsobroughtmewisdomforthepresent”中but表示转折，说明过去的选择带来的是痛苦，如今带来了智慧。故选B。14．A.lookat B．comeoutofC．focuson D．takecontrolof答案A解析lookat看着；comeoutof产生；focuson集中于；takecontrolof控制。根据后文“yourownlife，don’tregrettheroadsnottaken”可知，此处指审视人生，应用lookat。故选A。15．A.faced B．patientC．strict D．pleased答案D解析befacedwith面对；bepatientwith对……有耐心；bestrictwith对……严格；bepleasedwith对……高兴。上文提到不要后悔你选择的路，相反，要为你所走的道路、所学到的东西和所分享的爱感到高兴。故选D。Ⅵ.语法填空ADetroitbusinessmanhascreatedtheworld’sfirstmobilebowlingalleybychangingasemi-trailer(半挂车)truckinto1.entertainmentcentreonwheels.2．(inspire)bygiantcompaniessuchasAmazon，UberandGrubHub，whichrelyheavily3.conveniencefortheirbusinesssuccess，andenjoygreat4.(popular)acrosstheworld，TerenceJacksonJr.decidedto