《Geospatial Analysis》-课程教学大纲

PAGEPAGE4《GeospatialAnalysis》coursesyllabus1.CourseinformationTerm:1stsemester,2019-2020yearCoursecode：16041003Coursename：GeospatialAnalysisCoursetype：requiredcourseHours：3hoursperweek×16weeksSemesterCredits：3Audience：UndergraduatestudentsinhumangeographyandurbanplanningCourseprerequisite：Cartography,GIS,HumanGeography,PhysicalGeographyClassdaysandtime:Lecture:Monday15:10-17:45,Lab:Friday15:10-17:45Building/Roomnumber:No.109,experimentbuildingAssessments：Make-upexamswillbegivenincaseofvalid,documentemergency.Thereisaweeklylabassignmentfrom6thto15thweek.Lateworkisnotacceptedandthecreditwillbeassignedto0.Noextracreditwillbeoffered.ProjectPercentageoffinalgradeLabproject40%Attendance10%Finalexam50%2.IntroductionInthiscourseweaddressthefullspectrumofspatialanalysisandassociatedmodelingtechniquesthatareprovidedwithincurrentlyavailableandwidelyusedgeographicinformationsystems(GIS)andassociatedsoftware.Collectivelysuchtechniquesandtoolsareoftennowdescribedasgeospatialanalysis,althoughweusethemorecommonform,spatialanalysis,inmostofourdiscussions.Inordertocoversuchawiderangeoftopics,thisGuidehasbeendividedintoanumberofmainsectionsorchapters.Thesearethenfurthersubdivided,inparttoidentifydistincttopicsascloselyaspossible.Chapter2providesanintroductiontospatialthinking,recentlydescribedbysomeas“spatialliteracy”,andaddressesthecentralissuesandproblemsassociatedwithspatialdatathatneedtobeconsideredinanyanalyticalexercise.ThisinitialdiscussionisfollowedinChapter3byanexaminationofthemethodologicalbackgroundtoGISanalysis.Initiallyweexamineanumberofformalmethodologiesandthenapplyideasdrawnfromthesetothespecificcaseofspatialanalysis.Aprocessknownbyitsinitials,PPDAC(Problem,Plan,Data,Analysis,Conclusions)isdescribedasamethodologicalframeworkthatmaybeappliedtoaverywiderangeofspatialanalysisproblemsandprojects.SubsequentChapterspresentthevariousanalyticalmethodssupportedwithinwidelyavailablesoftwaretools.ThemajorityofthemethodsdescribedinChapter4andmanyofthoseinChapter6areimplementedasstandardfacilitiesinmoderncommercialGISpackagessuchasArcGIS..Chapter5,whichfocusesonstatisticalmethods,andChapters7and8whichaddressNetworkandLocationAnalysis,andGeocomputation,aremuchlesscommonlysupportedinGISpackages,butmayprovideloose-orclose-couplingwithsuchsystems,dependingupontheapplicationarea.Inallinstancesweprovidedetailedexamplesandcommentaryonsoftwaretoolsthatarereadilyavailable.3.CoursegoalsandobjectivesGeospatialanalysisprovidesadistinctperspectiveontheworld,auniquelensthroughwhichtoexamineevents,patterns,andprocessesthatoperateonornearthesurfaceofourplanet.Thiscoursepresentsstudentswiththefundamentalconceptsandadvancedtechniquesofspatialanalysis.GISandstatisticaltechniquesarediscussedformanaging,analyzingandmodelingspatialdata.Studentswillgainpracticalexperienceinpubliclypresentingspatialanalysistopics.ThiscoursealsointendstopreparestudentsforapplyingspatialanalysistechniquestohandlegeospatialdatainvariousfieldsandprovidestudentsopportunitiestogainpracticalexperienceofundertakingGISprojects.4.CoursematerialsMichaelSmith,MichaelGoodchild,PaulLongley.GeospatialAnalysis:AComprehensiveGuidetoPrinciples,TechniquesandSoftwareTools(3rdedition).2012,Splint.黎夏，刘凯。GIS与空间分析--原理与方法。科学出版社，2011.王劲峰，廖一兰，刘鑫.空间数据分析教程.科学出版社，2010.5.CoursetopicaloutlineThefollowingtopicswillbecoveredinthesemester.1Introduction1.1Geospatialanalysisandapplicationareas1.2BasicconceptsCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：HowtoanalyzetheNewEraEcologicalCivilizationdynamicswithGeospatialanalysis?Objective:TodepictdynamicsoftheNewErawithgeospatialanalysismethods.2Datapresentation2.1Attributesdatapresentation2.2GeospatialdatapresentationCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：HowtoassessCOVID-19casesdynamicswithnightingalerosediagramofourcountry?Objective:Tounderstandthepeople-centeredapproachofourcountry.3NumericalDescriptiveTechniques3.1MeasuresofCentralLocation3.2MeasuresofVariability3.3MeasuresofRelativeStanding3.4MeasuresofLinearRelationshipCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：Howtoassesseconomicdevelopmentdynamicswithofourcountry?Objective:Tounderstanddevelopmentisofparamountimportanceinourcountry.4ContinuousProbabilityDistributions4.1uniformprobabilitydistribution4.2normaldistribution4.3exponentialdistribution4.4StudenttDistribution4.5Chi-SquaredDistribution4.6FDistribution5SamplingDistributions5.1SamplingDistributionoftheMean5.2UsingtheSamplingDistributionforInference5.3SamplingDistributionofaProportion5.4SamplingDistribution:DifferenceoftwomeansCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：Howtoassesseconomicdevelopmentdifferenceofnorthandsouthofourcountry?Objective:Tounderstandcommonprosperityfromthedifferenceofnorthandsouthinourcountry.6IntroductiontoEstimation6.1PointEstimator6.2IntervalEstimator6.3QualitiesofEstimators6.4UnbiasedEstimators7IntroductiontoHypothesisTesting7.1NonstatisticalHypothesisTesting7.2StandardizedTestStatistic7.3DevelopinganUnderstandingofStatisticalConceptsCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：Howtotesteconomicdevelopmentdifferenceofnorthandsouthofourcountry?Objective:Tounderstandcommonprosperityfromthedifferenceofnorthandsouthinourcountry.8InferenceAboutAPopulation8.1InferenceWithVarianceUnknown8.2EstimatingTotalsofFinitePopulations8.3InferenceAboutPopulationVariance8.4Inference:PopulationProportion9InferenceAboutComparingTwoPopulations9.1DifferencebetweenTwoMeans9.2Inferenceabouttheratiooftwovariances9.3One-WayAnalysisofVariance9.4Chi-SquaredTestsCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：Howtoinferenceeconomicdevelopmentdifferenceofnorthandsouthofourcountry?Objective:Tounderstandcommonprosperityfromthedifferenceofnorthandsouthinourcountry.10correlationandregression10.1correlationanalysis10.2linearregressionanalysis10.3nonlinearregressionanalysis10.4ridgeregressionCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：Howtofindeconomicdevelopmentfactorswithgeospatialanalysis?Objective:Tohelpstudentsknowthedevelopmentprocessofourcountry.11spatialregression11.1spatiallagregression11.2spatialerrorregression11.3spatialfilteringregressionCurriculumideologicalandpoliticalpoint：Doeseconomicdevelopmentassociatedwithlocationorcity?Objective:Tohelpstudentsknowthedevelopmentprocessandneighborseffectsofourcountry.12supportvectormachine12.1IntroductiontoSVM12.2ApplicationofSVM13ArtificialNeuralNetworks(ANN)13.1IntroductiontoANN13.2ApplicationofANN14Geod