解析：【知识图鉴】人教版八年级下册 Unit 2-03 单元测（解析版）

第页I.单项选择1.Helosthiskey.Itmadehim_________outsidetowaitforhiswife.A.tostay B.stayed C.stays D.stay【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：他丢了钥匙，这使得他要待在外面等他妻子。考查非谓语。使役动词make要用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，makesbdo使某人做……。故选D。2.Themanencourageshisson________morefriends.A.make B.makes C.tomake D.making【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：这个男人鼓励他的儿子多交朋友。考查非谓语动词。makefriends交朋友。固定搭配encouragesb.todosth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。3.Fivestudentsdidn’tcometoschoolontime.Mr.Li_________veryangry.A.seemed B.planned C.changed D.mixed【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：五个学生没有按时到学校，李老师似乎很生气。考查动词辨析。seemed似乎；planned计划；changed改变；mixed混合。根据“veryangry”可知空格处填系动词。故选A。4.IcanhardlyimagineMr.Gao________thehardworkinthreedays.A.finishing B.tofinish C.finishes D.finish【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我很难想象高先生在三天内完成了艰苦的工作。考查非谓语动词。imaginesbdoingsth“想象某人做某事”，空格处为现在分词finishing。故选A。5.—What’syourhobby?—I________runalongtheriver,butnowIenjoyplayingbasketball.A.amusedto B.usedto C.amused D.useto【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——你的爱好是什么？——我过去常沿河跑步，但现在我喜欢打篮球。考查usedto的用法。beusedto习惯于；usedtodo过去常常做某事；useto过去常常。根据“butnowIenjoyplayingbasketball.”可知，前面表示过去的事，应该用一般过去时，因此用usedtodo。故选B。6.Ourteachersoftentellus_________fastfood.A.stayawayfrom B.tostayawayfromC.notstayawayfrom D.nottostayawayfrom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们远离快餐。考查非谓语动词。tellsb.(not)todosth.“告诉某人（不要）做某事”，stayawayfrom“与……保持距离”，根据“tellus...fastfood”可知，此处指“告诉我们与快餐保持距离”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。7.—Wewillhaveabasketballmatchtomorrow.Willyoucometo________?—Sure,I’dloveto.A.cheerusup B.cheeruson C.laughatus D.shoutatus【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——明天我们有一场篮球比赛。你愿意来为我们加油吗？——当然了，我很乐意。考查动词短语。cheerusup让我们振作起来；cheeruson为我们加油；laughtatus嘲笑我们；shoutatus朝我们大喊。根据前面“Wewillhaveabasketballmatchtomorrow.”可知此处应表示“为我们加油”，因此用“cheeruson”。故选B。8.You’dbetterdoexerciseoften________theflu.A.prevent B.prevented C.preventing D.toprevent【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你最好经常锻炼以预防流感。考查非谓语动词。此处在句中作目的状语，用动词不定式。故选D。9.Ithinkpopmusicis________,butsomeofmyclassmatesthinkit’stoo_________.A.excited;noise B.exciting;noisy C.excited;noisy D.exciting;noise【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我认为流行音乐很令人兴奋，但我的一些同学觉得太吵了。考查形容词辨析及用法。excited兴奋的，一般修饰人；exciting令人激动的，一般修饰事物；noise噪音，名词；noisy吵闹的，形容词。第一空修饰“popmusic”，因此用“exciting”，排除选项A和C；第二空修饰“it”应用形容词作表语，因此用“noisy”。故选B。10.Hermother________her________homelateatnight.A.notallow;going B.notallows;go C.doesn’tallow;togo D.doesn’tallow;goes【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：她妈妈不允许她深夜回家。考查非谓语动词。allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”，排除ABD。故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空ZhangJiazhenwasborninShenyangcity,northeastChina’sLiaoningProvince.Heisafamouskungfuchampionand____11____thesecondplaceinafamoustalentshow“BrilliantChinese”.____12____thesametime,heisavolunteerkungfuteacherinTibet.Since2012,hehastaughtkungfutonearly1,000children.They____13____himDad.Zhangbegantolearnkungfuattheageof15whenhismotherpassedaway.Atthattime,heonlywantedtobe____14____andconfident.Butafterovertenyears’training,hebecameakungfustar.Apublicshowin2012changedhis____15____—andalsomanychildren’s.Oneday,ZhangperformedkungfuataschoolinBeijing.SomeTibetanchildrenwerevery____16____aftertheywatchedtheshow.Theywantedtolearnkungfuverymuch.SoZhangdecidedtoteach____17____.AttheBeijingschool,Zhangtaughtthese____18____kungfu.Healsotaughtthemhowto____19____usefulpeople.Sothechildrencalledhimboth“Mr.Zhang”and“Dad”____20____.Afterafewyears,thesechildrengrewup.SomeofthemarenowteachingkungfutogetherwithZhang.Theywillbecome“Dads”(or“Moms”)orevenmorechildren.11.A.won B.had C.found D.took12.A.In B.To C.On D.At13.A.train B.call C.pass D.send14.A.happy B.sad C.strong D.weak15.A.work B.family C.score D.life16.A.excited B.bored C.afraid D.surprised17.A.us B.them C.you D.we18.A.students B.boys C.children D.girls19.A.become B.get C.meet D.see20.A.nearly B.quickly C.slowly D.happily【答案】11.A12.D13.B14.C15.D16.A17.B18.C19.A20.D【解析】【分析】来自辽宁沈阳的张家振是一名功夫冠军，并在一个著名的才艺表演中获得第二名。他还是一位西藏的义务功夫老师。从2012年开始，他已经救了近1000名孩子功夫。他们叫他“爸爸”。【11题详解】句意：他是一位著名的功夫冠军，并在著名的才艺表演“出彩中国人”中获得第二名。won赢得；had有；found发现；took拿。由“thesecondplace”可知，此处是说“获得第二名”。故选A。【12题详解】句意：同时，他是西藏一名义务功夫老师。In在……里；To到；On在……上面；At在……时。atthesametime是固定短语，意为“同时”。故选D。【13题详解】句意：他们叫他爸爸。train训练；call称呼；pass过；send寄。callsbsth表示“称呼某人为”。故选B。【14题详解】句意：当时，他只想变得坚强和自信。happy高兴的；sad伤心的；难过的；strong强壮的，weak虚弱的。根据常识可知练功夫是为了强身健体。故选C。【15题详解】句意：2012年的一场公开演出改变了他的生活，也改变了许多孩子的生活。work工作；family家庭；score分数；life生活。由下文内容可判断，这次表演改变了他和孩子们的生活。故选D。【16题详解】句意：一些藏族孩子看完节目后非常兴奋。excited兴奋的；激动的；bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；surprised惊讶的。由下文的“Theywantedtolearnkungfuverymuch.”可推知，在看了他的表演后，孩子们感到很兴奋。故选A。【17题详解】句意：因此张家振决定教他们（功夫）。us我们，宾格；them他们，宾格；you你，主格或宾格；we我们，主格。联系上文可知所填词指代“someTibetanchildren”，且作teach的宾语。故选B。【18题详解】句意：在北京学校，张家振教授这些孩子功夫。students学生；boys男孩；children孩子；girls女孩。由下文的“Sothechildrencalledhim…”可知，这里填名词chidlren，故选C。【19题详解】句意：他还教他们如何成为有用的人。become成为；get得到；meet遇见；see看见。根据空后的“usefulpeople”可判断，他教孩子们“成为”有用的人。become符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】句意：于是孩子们高兴地叫他“张先生”和“爸爸”。nearly几乎；quickly迅速地；slowly缓慢地；happily快乐地。联系上下文可知孩子们跟张老师不仅学功夫还学习做人，因此他们“快乐地”既叫他张老师又叫他爸爸。故选D。III.阅读理解阅读下面短文，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳选项A篇主题语境：志愿服务难度：★★文体：记叙文ConorGrennanwasunwillingtobeavolunteer.The29-year-oldAmericanwasnotsureifhehadtheskillsorastrongfeelingforit.However,hewenttoworkatanorphanage(孤儿院)inNepal.Hisfirstthoughtwastomakepeopleimpressed.“IthoughtthatifIvolunteeredjustonce,Icouldretellthestoryoverandover,”GrennansaidintheHuffingtonPost.However,histhree-monthstayintheorphanageturnedintoanunusualexperience.Itwasin2018andGrennanhadgivenuphisjobtobeginayear’slongaround-the-worldtrip.HisfirstthreemonthswerespentinNepal.Whenhearrivedinthevillage,heknewnothingaboutthechildrenorthelocalculture.WhenheopenedthegateoftheLittlePrincesChildren’sHome,hewasfacedbytheexcitedchildren.TheyoungAmericanendedupcaringfor18children.Helaterdiscoveredthattheyweretrafficked(被拐卖的)children.Sohewalkedthroughthemountainswithgreatdifficultytofindthekids’families.“Istartedwalkingwithphotosofthekids,”hetoldtheReuter’sreporter.“Iwouldshowupinvillagesandshowphotographsaround.Iwentwith24photos,andIfound24families.”Atthesametime,heputhisheartintoNepaleseculture.Grennansaid,“Volunteeringisthesinglebestwaytoseehowtherestoftheworldlives.”Healsoencouragedotherstodowhathehaddone.Hebelievesthatvolunteeringneedsonlymakingdecisionstoshowup.Grennan’sfightagainstchild-traffickinghaschangedhim.Hisbook,LittlePrince,cameoutlastweek.21.Atfirst,Grennansimplywantedto_________byvolunteeringinNepal.A.writetravelstories B.learntheskills C.helpthekidsthere D.impresspeople22.WhenGrennancametotheLittlePrinceChildren’sHome,_________.A.18childrenwereillinbed B.thechildrentherefeltexcitedC.hedecidedtogiveuphisjob D.he’dlivedinNepalforayear23.FromthepassagewecanlearnthatGrennan_________.A.foundthekids’familieseasily B.wasgoodattakingpicturesC.wrotethebookLittlePrince D.askedotherstogotoNepal24.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Volunteeringchangesalot B.VolunteeringiswiththekidsC.Avolunteerbecomesawriter D.AvolunteertravelsinNepal【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国年轻人康纳如何从不愿意参加志愿者活动到热衷于与拐卖儿童事件作斗争的经历【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Hisfirstthoughtwastomakepeopleimpressed”可知，起初他只是想让人印象深刻，故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“WhenheopenedthegateoftheLittlePrincesChildren’sHome,hewasfacedbytheexcitedchildren”可知，当康纳来到孤儿院时，那里的孩子感到非常兴奋，故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Hisbook,LittlePrince,cameoutlastweek”可知，康纳写写了《小王子》这本书，故选C。【24题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了康纳参加志愿者活动后发生了很大的变化，故选A。B篇主题语境：志愿服务难度：★★★文体：说明文Inlife,manypeoplearealwaysreadytohelpothersandtheyaskfornothinginreturn.Wecallthosepeoplevolunteers.Butwhydotheydothat?Readon.Volunteeringisgoodforyourresume.Yourexperienceofbeingavolunteergivestheinterviewer（面试者）aclearerpictureofwhoyouare.Accordingtoasurvey,1outof5interviewersintheUSagreedthatvolunteerexperiencewasanimportantreasonforgivingsomeoneajob._________Byvolunteering,youencourage（鼓励）otherstomakegoodchanges.Servingfoodatafoodbankandworkingwithteenagersinanafter-schoolactivityarealsogreatexamplestomakeotherslovevolunteering.Meetingpeoplewhohavesimilarinterestsandideasbecomeseasy.Thewaysomeonechoosestospendhisorherfreetimeshowstheperson’svalues（价值观）.Sharingthesamevalueswhilehelpingothersisagreatwaytomakenewfriends.Byvolunteering,youwillhavemorefriendsinashorttime.“Doinggood”isimportant.Everydaywemaywatchorhearsadnewsandstories.However,volunteeringisagoodwaytomaketheworldabetterplace.Evenasimplethingcanmakeadifference.Ifwealljointogether,thosesimplethingscanadduptoabigchange!Volunteeringisneverdifficult.Thereisalwaysagroupforyou.Tofindtherightgrouptojoin,youjustneedtousetheInternet.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resume”mean?A.审查 B.笔记 C.表演 D.简历26.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputbackintotheblank?A.Volunteeringmakeschildrenmoreoutgoing. B.Beingavolunteersetsagoodexampleforothers.C.Makingotherpeoplelovevolunteeringiseasy. D.Therewon'tbegoodchangeswithoutvolunteering.27.Whatcanyoudowhenyouvolunteeraccordingtothepassage?A.Listentoothervolunteers’badnewsandstories. B.Askothervolunteerstomakegoodchangeseveryday.C.Meetsomevolunteerswiththesamevaluesasyou. D.Makeothervolunteershavemorenewfriendsinashorttime.28.What’sthestructure（结构）ofthispassage?A.①/②③④⑤/⑥ B.①②/③④/⑤⑥ C.①/②③④/⑤⑥ D.①②③/④⑤/⑥29.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Wheretovolunteer B.Howpeoplevolunteer C.Popularvolunteerjobs D.Whypeoplevolunteer【答案】25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了做志愿者帮助别人的好处。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Yourexperienceofbeingavolunteergivestheinterviewer（面试者）aclearerpictureofwhoyouare”可知，志愿活动对你的简历很有帮助，所以resume表示“简历”，故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据“Byvolunteering,youencourage（鼓励）otherstomakegoodchanges”可知，此空处应介绍做志愿者对其他人的激励作用，故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sharingthesamevalueswhilehelpingothersisagreatwaytomakenewfriends”可知，做志愿者可以结识一些和你有相同价值观的志愿者，故选C。【28题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二段至第五段是介绍做志愿者的好处；最后一段总结概括。故选A。【29题详解】最佳标题。根据“Butwhydotheydothat”可知，本文主要介绍的就是人们为什么做志愿者，故选D。Ⅳ.语法填空根据短文内容，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。DearMissYang,I’dliketothankyoufor____30____(raise)moneyforAnimalHelpersagroupthatwassetup____31____(help)disabledpeople.Youhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohave“Happy”.“Happy”makesabigdifferencetomylife.Letme____32____(tell)youmystory.“Happy”isaspecial____33____(train)monkeyforthedisabled.Itisagoodnameforhim.I____34____(feel)veryhappytohavehim.Beingunabletousemyhandseasilyisthemain____35____(difficult)Iface.“Happy”helpsmetodomanythings,likeopeningandshuttingthedoors,____36____(carry)thingsandevenansweringthetelephone.He____37____(cheer)meupalot.I’llsendyouaphotoofhim,andIcould____38____(show)youhowhehelpsmethesedays.Ithankyouagainforsupporting“AnimalHelpers”andfor____39____(change)mylife.Yours,LeahWhite【答案】30.raising31.tohelp32.tell33.trained34.feel35.difficulty36.carrying37.cheers38.show39.changing【解析】【分析】本文是LeahWhite写给MissYang的一封信，信中感谢MissYang对“动物助手”的支持，并向她介绍了自己的小助手“Happy”。【30题详解】句意：我非常感谢你给动物帮手筹钱。for是介词，介词后加动名词，raise“筹集”，动名词形式为raising。故填raising。【31题详解】句意：动物帮手是为了帮助残疾人而建立的组织。此处表目的，用todo不定式。故填tohelp。【32题详解】句意：让我告诉你我的故事。根据结构“让某人做某事”letsbdosth.，可知此处用动词原形。故填tell。【33题详解】句意：Happy是一只为残疾人特别训练的猴子。此处修饰名词monkey“猴子”要用形容词，train“训练”与“monkey”为动宾关系，此处用形容词trained。故填trained。【34题详解】句意：拥有他让我很开心。此处表示现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语I为第一人称，动词用原形。故填feel。【35题详解】句意：目前我面临主要困难是不能轻松地使用我的手。形容词main“主要的”修饰名词，形容词difficult“困难的”名词是difficulty。故填difficulty。【36题详解】句意：Happy帮我做很多事情，比如开门、关门、搬运东西，甚至是接电话。like“例如”是介词，介词后加动名词，carry动名词是carrying。故填carrying。【37题详解】句意：他让我振奋了很多。此处表示客观事实，所以时态应用一般现在时，主语He为单三，谓语动词也用单三。故填cheers。【38题详解】句意：我将给你发一张他的照片，给你展示他是如何帮我的。情态动词could后加动词原形。故填show。【39题详解】句意：再一次感谢你支持动物帮手，并感谢你帮助我的生活。介词for后加动名词，change“改变”，动名词是changing。故填changing。V.补全对话A:Peter,howaboutplayingbasketballtogetherthisafternoon?B:____40____.I’mbusy.Maybeanothertime.A:Whatareyoudoing?B:____41____.Imustfinishitontime.A:Whatplan?Isitveryimportant?B:Yes,itis.A:____42____?B:It’saboutvolunteerwork.A:Whatkindofvolunteerworkdoyoudo?B:Ihelpoutattheoldpeople’shomeandIorganizesomeactivities.A:____43____.CanIjoinyou?B:____44____.【答案】40.Sorry,Ican’t/won’t41.I’mmakingaplan42.What’sitabout43.Soundsgreat/nice44.OK/Sure/Ofcourse【解析】【分析】本对话主要是二人谈论志愿活动的相关事情。【40题详解】根据“I’mbusy.Maybeanothertime.”可知，应该对对方的邀请表示歉意，故填Sorry,Ican’t/won’t。【41题详解】根据“Whatplan?”可知，此处介绍自己在做计划，故填I’mmakingaplan。【42题详解】根据“It’saboutvolunteerwork.”可知，此处询问计划是关于什么的，故填What’sitabout。【43题详解】根据“Ihelpoutattheoldpeople’shomeandIorganizesomeactivities.”可知，此处应对前者所说的计划进行评价，故填Soundsgreat/nice。【44题详解】根据“CanIjoinyou?”可知，应该对对方的请求表示同意，故填OK/Sure/Ofcourse。Ⅵ.词汇45.Mysonpromised________(be)carefulwithhistestnexttime.【答案】tobe【解析】【详解】句意：我儿子承诺下次考试认真对待。be“是”，promisetodosth“承诺做某事”，故填tobe。46.Someteachersasktheirstudents________(correct)theirmistakessometimes.【答案】tocorrect【解析】【详解】句意：有些老师有时会要求学生改正他们的错误。asksb.todosth.“让某人做某事”，correct此处作动词，意为“改正”，故填tocorrect。47.Whathesaidanddidmadehisfather________(feel)sadandangry.【答案】feel【解析】【详解】句意：他说的和做的让他父亲感到悲伤和愤怒。“make”为使役动词，用法为makesbdosth“使某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填feel。48.Wedidn’tstop________(have)arestuntilwereachedthetopofthemountain.【答案】tohave【解析】【详解】句意：我们一直到到达山顶才停下来休息。根据“Wedidn’tstop…arestuntilwereachedthetopofthemountain”可知，此处指停下来去休息，stoptodosth“停下来去做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，故填tohave。49.It’sveryinterestingtowatchthebabypanda________(drink)hermother’smilk.【答案】drink【解析】【详解】句意：看熊猫宝宝喝她妈妈的奶是很有趣的。根据“watchthebabypanda…hermother’smilk”可知，此处指看熊猫宝宝喝妈妈奶的整个过程，用watchsthdosth表示“看某物做某事”，故填drink。Ⅶ.书面表达50.由于受新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情（epidemic）的影响，我们度过了一个漫长的假期。假如你是第一中学的一位学生，在开学之后的一次班会上，老师让你们讲述一下在这个特殊假期做过的最有意义的一件事。请根据下面的提示，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）提示：1.在社区（community）做志愿者；2.帮助残疾人、老人外出购物；……3.尽管很累，但有一种满足和快乐感。Duringthespecialandlongholiday,Ididmanythings.Themostmeaningfulthingwas______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文Duringthespecialandlongholiday,Ididmanythings.Themostmeaningfulthingwastodovolunteerworkinourcommunity.Becauseoftheepidemic,peoplecouldn’tgoouttoplayorshopasusual.Ourcommunityaskedpeopletodovolunteerwork.Ijoinedintheactivity.Ihelpedsomedisabledandoldpeopletodosomeshopping.Ihelpedthembuysomethinginneedonline.Sometimes,Ialsodidsomecleaningforthem.AlthoughIwasverytired,Ifelthappyandhadastrongfeelingofsatisfactionandjoy.【解析】【详解】1、题干解读：该题目属于说明文写作，在写作时应承接短文开头，然后叙述在这个特殊假期做过的最有意义的一件事，最后描述感受，可适当发挥。2、写作指导：本文应该以第一人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般过去时为主；介绍假期做过的最有意义的事时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。（天津一模）51.—Doyouhavestrictfamilyrules?—Yes,Mymomonlyallowsme________computergamesonceaweek.A.toplay B.playing C.play D.toplaying【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你家有严格的家庭规则吗？——是的，我的妈妈只允许我一周玩一次电脑游戏。考查非谓语动词。此处考查短语“allowsb.todosth.”意为“允许某人做某事”，空处用不定式作宾补，故选A。（江苏南京一模）52.Mysisterusedto__