2021-2022学年江西省南昌市麻丘高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题解析版

2021-2022学年江西省南昌市麻丘高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题说明：本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredidthemanputhiswallet?A.Athome.B.Inhisbackpocket.C.Inhisbreastpocket.2.Whydoesthemanlookhappy?A.Hehasboughtanewbook.B.Hehasfinishedhisnewbook.C.Hispoemisbeingpublished.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookshop.4.Howdidthewomanknowherhusband?A.OntheInternet.B.Bynewspaper.C.Byafriend.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Rainforests.B.Animals.C.Weather.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthelecture?A.Easy.B.Boring.C.Difficult.7.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Lendhimhernotes.B.Lookoverhisnotes.C.Prepareforthediscussion.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Writingtheinvitations.B.Planningthemenu.C.Makingthesalad.9.Whatdidthewomanforgettodo?A.InviteLinda.B.Callthechef.C.Buychicken.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredidthewomangolastnightbeforegettinghome?A.Toacinema.B.Toafriend’s.C.Toastore.11.Whathappenedwhenthewomancameatthedoor?A.Thedooropened.B.Sheheardanoise.C.Herkeywasmissing.12.WhowasKarl?A.Thegatekeeper.B.Thewoman’scolleague.C.Thewoman’sneighbour.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.WorkmatesB.Neighbours.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.14.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?A.About30.B.About40.C.About50.15.HowmanyhoursadaydoesthemanspendwatchingTV?A.About1hour.B.About2hours.C.About3hours.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingaweek?A.Reading.B.Talkingtofamily.C.Talkingtofriends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthedolphin?A.Itisman’smostintelligentfriend.B.Itisman’sfavouriteanimal.C.Itisman’slargestfriend.18.Whatwerethosedolphinpaintingsmainlymadeof?A.Glass.B.Stone.C.Wood.19.Howmanydolphinthemeswerethereintheexhibition?A.About100.B.About150.C.About750.20.WhoisPandora?A.Anorganizer.B.Adolphin.C.Areporter.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题两分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ATheLondonEyeremainstemporarilyclosedbutinlinewiththeGovernment'sroadmapoutoflockdownweplantoreopenfrom17thMay.Youcanpre-booknow.Furtherinformationcanbefoundhere.WhattoExpectTheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.Sinceopeningin2000,ithasbeenusedasabackdropincountlessfilmsandislovedbyBritonsandvisitorsalike.ThisistheUK'smostpopularvisitorattraction,visitedbyover3.5millionpeopleayear.EachLondonEyecapsuleholdsupto25passengerscomfortably.Allcapsulesarefullyair-conditionedandrotate(旋转)onaspecialdevicedesignedtokeepeveryoneuprightasthewheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.Thefullrotationlasts30minutesofaneverchangingviewofthisdynamiccity.OpeningTimes■SeptembertoMay10:00am—8:00pmdaily■June10:00am—9:00pmdaily■July10:00am—9:30pmdaily■August10:00am—-8:30pmdaily■NotopenonChristmasDayorduringmaintenanceperiod.TicketPricesAdult:JanuarytoMarch₤15.00ApriltoDecember₤15.50Child(5-15years):JanuarytoMarch₤7.50ApriltoDecember₤7.75Childunder5years:freeSenior(60plus):₤12.00Bookingline■9:00amto5:00pmMondaytoSunday■Telephone:087050006001.WhichofthefollowingdoestheLondonEyerideoffer?A.A30-minutefastrotation.B.Aninsightintoitslonghistory.C.A360°movingviewofthecity.D.Anon-chargeableadmission.2.WhenistheLondonEyeopeninJanuary?A.10:00am—-8:00pm.B.100am-9:00pm.C.10:00am-—9:30pm.D.10:00am—8:30pm.3.What'sthechargeforayoungcouplewitha5-year-oldboywhovisitonthereopeningA.₤30 B.₤31 C.₤37.5 D.₤38.75【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦眼计划从5月17日开始重新开放，包括值得期待的活动，开放时间和门票价格等相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhattoExpect部分的“TheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.(伦敦眼高达443米，视野遍布25英里。)”可知伦敦眼可展示360度视角下的城市。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes部分的第一行“SeptembertoMay10:00am—-8:00pm（九月份至五月份，每天早上十点到晚上八点。）”可知，它在一月份的早上十点到晚上八点开放。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“weplantoreopenfrom17thMay.(我们打算从五月十七号开始重新开放）”，以及TicketPrices部分的第一个方框“Adult(成年人），ApriltoDecember£15.50(四月至十二月，十五点五英镑)”，以及第二个方框“Child(5-15years)(孩子5至15岁），ApriltoDecember£7.75(四月至十二月，7.75英镑）”，合计票价为2*15.50+7.75=38.75英镑，可知，他们的费用是38.75英镑，故选D项。BLastSaturday,LaiChi-waiusedaropesystemtopullhimselfup250metersalongthesideofaskyscraperinHongKong.Mr.Lai,whocan'tmovehislegs,wasstrappedintohiswheelchairasheclimbed.Before2011,Mr.Laiwasaworld-famousrockclimber.Healsotaughtothershowtoclimb.Thatended10yearsago,whenMr.Laiwasinvolvedinacarcrash.Theaccidentlefthimparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdown,unabletomovehislegs.Sincethen,he'sneededtouseawheelchairtogetaround.ButMr.Laicouldn'tgetoverhisloveofclimbing.Hefiguredoutawaytoattachhiswheelchairtoaropingsystemthatallowedhimtoclimbagain.In2016,Mr.LaiclimbedLionRockinKowloon,HongKong.It'sa495-meterclimbthathehaddonemanytimesbefore.ClimbingLionRockagainmadehimrealizethathecouldstillclimbsuccessfully,evenifhecouldn'tdoitinthesamewayhehadinthepast.LastSaturday,MrLaistartedtoclimbHongKong'sNinaTower.Themorningstartedoffwellenough.Butbyearlyafternoon,strongwindshadcomeup.TheyblewMr.Laiaroundandtangled(使缠结Mr.Laisaidthatoften,disabledpeopleareviewedasweak.Hehopedhisclimbwouldsendadifferentmessage.“Ifadisabledpersoncanshine,”hesaid,theycanatthesametimebringaboutopportunity,hopeandlight;theydon'thavetobeviewedasweak.”4.WhatmadeLaiChi-waiparalyzed?A.Afailedoperation.B.Acaraccident.C.Animproperclimbingtraining.D.Afaultyropesystem.5.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?A.Mr.Laiisexpertatclimbing.B.Mr.Laihasagiftforclimbing.C.Mr.Lairestartedclimbing.D.Mr.LaiclimbedLionRock.6.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Lai'slastSaturday'sclimbing?A.Itwasarealchallenge.B.Itmadehimfamous.C.Hewassupportedbycharity.D.Hewasn'twellprepared.7.HowdoesMr.Lairegardthedisabledpeople?A.Theyarenormal. B.Theyarelosers.C.Theyarepitiful. D.Theyarehopeful.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。一位坐着轮椅的香港人，耗时10个小时攀爬一座摩天大楼，其行为打动了很多人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mr.Laiwasinvolvedinacarcrash.Theaccidentlefthimparalyzed(瘫痪)（赖先生卷入了一场车祸。这次事故使他瘫痪了）”可知，一次车祸导致他瘫痪。故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“ButMr.Laicouldn'tgetoverhisloveofclimbing（但赖先生无法克服他对攀岩的热爱）”及后文描述他想出了一种方法，将他的轮椅连接到一个绳索系统上，这样他就可以再次攀爬可知，本段主要说明他重新开始攀爬。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段内容的“Butbyearlyafternoon,strongwindshadcomeup.TheyblewMr.Laiaroundandtangled(使缠结)hisropes.Finally,afterheclimbedfor10hoursandreachedaheightof250meters,thewindsbecametoorough（但到了下午早些时候，狂风大作。他们把赖昌星甩来甩去，把他的绳子缠在一起。最后，他爬了10个小时，到达了250米的高度，风变得太大了）”可知，这次攀爬是一次挑战。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ifadisabledpersoncanshine,”hesaid,theycanatthesametimebringaboutopportunity,hopeandlight;theydon'thavetobeviewedasweak（如果一个残疾人能发光，”他说，他们就能同时带来机会、希望和光明；他们不需要被视为软弱）”可知，赖先生觉得残疾人是有希望的，故选D。CItwasonceashorelineburiedbyenoughgarbagetomakeitinvisible(看不见的),thus,giventheunfortunatenickname"toiletbowl".NowthePhilippines'ManilaThecleanupstartedon27January,when5,000volunteersdescendedonManilaBaytoremoveover45tons(公吨)ofgarbage,markingthebeginningofanation-wideenvironmentalcampaign.Butsometwomonthsbeforethisgreatmovementbegan,aquietrevolutionwasalreadyunderway.DuringthefirstweekofDecember2018,Brooklyn-basedBountiesNetworkcollectedthreetonsofgarbagefromManilaBayavertwodaysthroughaprojectthatpaidasmallgroupofpeople,mostlyfishermen,withadigitalcurrency(数字货币)basedontheEthereumsystem.Forthemostlynon-bank-usingFilipinofishermen,thiswasafirst-everexperiencewithadigitalcurrency.It'sonethatprovesdecisiveinenablingpoorcommunitiesaroundtheworldtotakeuparmsinthefightagainsthumanity'swaste.Therearesignsthatthisrecycling-for-digitalpaymentindustrymaybejustabouttotakeoff.EarlierinSeptember2018,PlasticBank,aVancouver-basedcompanypoweredbyIBMtechnology,alsostartedasimilarproject.TheysetupaprojectinNaga,atowninsouthernLuzon,thecountry'slargestisland,buildingacollectionpointtoletpeopleexchangeplasticandrecyclablematerialsfordigitalpayoutsthroughasystem.ThatboththesepioneershavechosenthePhilippinesastheirfirstlocationisnotsurprisingconsideringthecountry'scontributiontooceanwaste.AWallStreetJournalstudyin2015revealedthatthePhilippinesmakethethird-largestamountofplasticwasteintoglobaloceans.8.WhydidpeoplecallManilaA.Itlookedlikeahugebowl. B.Therewereplentyoftoilets.CItwascoveredbyrubbish. D.Peoplelovedthetoiletshere.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“descendedon”inparagraph2mean?A.Completelydependedon. B.Suddenlyarrivedat.C.Occasionallydecreasedto. D.Graduallydisappearedfrom.10.Whatmadepoorcommunitieswillingtofightagainstwaste?A.Thebenefitstotheirhomeland. B.Thedesiretomakeadifference.C.Thechancetoescapeoceanpollution. D.Theexperiencewithadigitalcurrency.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Onlinesystemhelpsendoceanpollution.B.ManilaC.PlasticBankispowerfulinrecyclingwaste.D.Philippinesmakeagreatamountofwaste.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了数字货币，这种网络虚拟货币让更多贫困社区的人们参与到清理垃圾，保护海洋环境的运动中来。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Itwasonceashorelineburiedbyenoughgarbagetomakeitinvisible(看不见的),thus,giventheunfortunatenickname"toiletbowl".(它曾经是一个被大量垃圾掩埋的海岸线，因此有了一个不幸的绰号“抽水马桶”)”可知，ManilaBay被称为toiletbowl的原因就是因为被垃圾掩埋。故选C项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二自然段“Thecleanupstartedon27January,when5,000volunteersdescendedonManilaBaytoremoveover45tons(公吨)ofgarbage,markingthebeginningofanation-wideenvironmentalcampaign.(清理工作始于1月27日，当时5000名志愿者descendedon马尼拉湾清理超过45吨的垃圾，标志着全国范围的环保运动的开始)”中cleanupstarted、5,000volunteers和onManilaBaytoremoveover45tons(公吨)ofgarbage等词语可推知，27日志愿者来到马尼拉湾清理垃圾，descendedon就是到达、抵达之意。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第自然段“Forthemostlynon-bank-usingFilipinofishermen,thiswasafirst-everexperiencewithadigitalcurrency.It'sonethatprovesdecisiveinenablingpoorcommunitiesaroundtheworldtotakeuparmsinthefightagainsthumanity'swaste.(对于大多数非银行用户的菲律宾渔民来说，这是他们第一次使用数字货币。事实证明，数字货币在让世界各地的贫困社区拿起武器清理垃圾方面起了决定性作用)”可知，是数字货币让贫困社区愿意参与到与垃圾的斗争中来。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文由被戏称为“抽水马桶”的ManilaBay突然变干净这一事件，引入了促使其发生的背后推手——数字货币。这种网络虚拟货币让更多贫困社区的人们参与到保护海洋环境，清理海洋垃圾的运动中来。故选A项。DAcompanycalledNeuralinkhassharedavideowhichshowsamonkeyplayingavideogame.That'sfairlyunusual,butwhatmakesthevideoevenstrangeristhatthemonkeyisplayingthevideogamewithjustitsmind.NeuralinkownedbyElonMuskisworkingtodevelopdevicesthatcouldallowPeopletocontrolthingsusingjusttheirbrains.Itsoundslikesomethingfromasciencefictionmovie,butitisalreadyshowingprogressindoingsimilarworkwithotheranimals.ThemonkeyiscalledPager,whohastwoofNeuralink'sspecial“Link"devicesinsidehisbrain,plantedbyasurgeon.Thesedevicesareconnectedto2,048wireswhichleadtothepartsofPager'sbrainthatcontrolmovementsofthearmsandhands.Intheexperiment,scientiststaughtPagertoplayavideogame.Firstly,Pagercontrolledthevideogameusingajoystick,whichisanormalgamingcontroller.ButasPagerplayed,hisLinkdeviceswirelesslysentoutinformationaboutthesignalshisbrainwasusingtocontrolhisarmsandhands.Scientistsrecordedallofthesesignals.ThentheyusedcomputerstomatchupthesignalsfromPager'sbraintothemovementsthathishandswereactuallydoing.ThiswaschallengingworkandthescientistscountedonAItohelpthemdecode(解码)Pager'sbrainsignals.ThefinalstepwastohaveacomputermakemovesinthevideogameasifPagerhadactuallymovedthejoystick.IfPagerthoughtaboutmovingthejoystickupthecomputerwouldsendan“up"signaltothevideogame.EventhoughNeuralink'sworknowfocusesonanimalsandvideogames,there'saveryseriouspurposebehindit.Neuralinkwantstomakeitpossibleforhumanswhohavelosttheabilitytocontroltheirbodiestocommunicatewiththeworld.Mr.MusksaysthatinthenearfutureNeauralinkhopestoallowaparalyzed(瘫痪的)persontocontrolasmartphonejustbythinking,Hebelievesthey'llbeabletodoitfasterthanthosewhoareusingtheirhands.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthevideoinparagraph1?A.Toadvertiseawell-knownvideogame. B.Toshowtheunusualhobbyofmonkeys.C.Togiveanupdateontheprogressofaresearch. D.Tointroduceawaytoimproveanimals'intelligence.13.WhichofthefollowingisatoughstepinNeuralink'sexperiment?A.GettingPagertokeeppacewiththeLinkdevices.B.TeachingPagertoplayavideogamewithajoystick.C.UnderstandingtheconnectionbetweenPager'sbrainsignalsandhandmovements.D.RecordingallthebrainsignalsPagersendstohishands.14.WhatisMr.Musk'sattitudetowardsthefutureofNeuralink'swork?A.Uncertain. B.Doubtful. C.Cautious. D.Confident.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NeuralinkExplorestheFieldofMind-ControllingB.ElonMusk:ASuperAmbitiousBusinessmanC.MonkeyPlaysVideoGameswithHisHandsD.TheParalyzedControlTheirBodiesbyThinking【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科学研究的新成果——让猴子用意念玩电子游戏，从而在将来实现让瘫痪的人通过大脑来控制行为的最终目的。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“NeuralinkownedbyElonMuskisworkingtodevelopdevices(设备）thatcouldallowPeopletocontrolthingsusingjusttheirbrains.Itsoundslikesomethingfromasciencefictionmovie,butitisalreadyshowingprogressindoingsimilarworkwithotheranimals（伊隆·马斯克(ElonMusk)旗下的Neuralink公司正在研发一种设备，可以让人们只用大脑来控制事物。这听起来像是科幻电影里的东西，但它已经在其它动物身上显示出了类似的进展）”可知，作者在第一段中提到了这个视频，以说明研究的最新进展，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“ThentheyusedcomputerstomatchupthesignalsfromPager'sbraintothemovementsthathishandswereactuallydoing.ThiswaschallengingworkandthescientistscountedonAItohelpthemdecode(解码)Pager'sbrainsignals（然后，他们用电脑将Pager的大脑信号与他的手实际做的动作相匹配。这是一项具有挑战性的工作，科学家们依靠人工智能来帮助他们解码Pager的大脑信号）”可知，在Neuralink的实验中，将Pager的大脑信号解读为手部运动是一项艰巨的任务，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr.MusksaysthatinthenearfutureNeauralinkhopestoallowaparalyzed(瘫痪的）persontocontrolasmartphonejustbythinking,Hebelievesthey'llbeabletodoitfasterthanthosewhoareusingtheirhands（马斯克表示，在不久的将来，Neauralink希望能让瘫痪者仅仅通过思考就能控制智能手机。他相信，他们能比用手的人更快地做到这一点）”尤其是“theywillbeabletodoitfaster（他们会做得更快）”这些褒义词，可知马斯克对Neuralink未来的工作充满信心，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“That'sfairlyunusual,butwhatmakesthevideoevenstrangeristhatthemonkeyisplayingthevideogamewithjustitsmind.（这很不寻常，但更奇怪的是，这只猴子只是用大脑玩电子游戏）”及第二段的“NeuralinkownedbyElonMuskisworkingtodevelopdevices(设备）thatcouldallowPeopletocontrolthingsusingjusttheirbrains（伊隆·马斯克(ElonMusk)旗下的Neuralink公司正在研发一种设备，可以让人们只用大脑来控制事物）”可知，本文由猴子打游戏的视频引出了Neuralink公司新研发的设备，因此最恰当的题目是A.NeuralinkExplorestheFieldofMind-Controlling(Neuralink公司探索用大脑来控制事物的领域)，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowCanIFightLaziness?Lazypeoplewillnevergainanythinginlife.However,lazinesscanbedefeatedonceafewchangeshavebeenmadeinyourmind.____16____Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.Thesepeoplehavelittlemotivationoncetheyarrivehome.Lazinessworkshandinhandwithalackofmotivationandatendencytoputoffthings.Byadjustingyoursleepscheduletoprovideafewmorehoursofmeaningfulrest,youcanfightlazinessthroughouttheday.Anotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactive.Somepeopletreattheirlivesasiftheywerepushedfromtasktotask.Otherstakeamorepositiveapproach,viewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustovercomealone.____17____Somepeoplefightlazinessbyremovingthetemptations（诱惑）thatsurroundthem.Atelevisioninthelivingroommayprovideentertainment,butwatchingtoomuchTVoftencontributestolaziness.____18____Completeafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoy,suchasagooddinnerorafilm.Lazinesscanalsobealastingproblemathome.Couplesandchildrenmayallhavedifferentenergylevels,butlazinesscanbespreadifnotdealtwithimmediately.____19____Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexampleandperformtheirowntask.Itisdifficulttopracticelazinesswhenyouaresurroundedbymotivated（积极的）people.____20____Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle,thusenablingyoutohavemoreenergyandhelpliftyourspirits.A.KnowinghowtofightlazinessisimportantB.Tofightfamilylaziness,setanexample.C.Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.D.Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.E.Createarewardsystemforyourself,justasparentsdoforachild.F.Lazinessappearswhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownmind.G.Withstrongdetermination,youwillbeabletoachieveyourgoal【答案】16.D17.F18.E19.B20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了懒惰形成的原因以及怎么破解的方法，如调整睡眠，坚持锻炼，平衡膳食等。也告诫我们不能被懒惰打败，否则一生不能成事，没有收获。【16题详解】根据下文提示“Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.（许多人经常缺乏睡眠，因为他们睡得太晚，起得太早来准备工作）”可知，对抗懒惰的一个方法是有足够的睡眠。顺承下文，D项Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.（与懒惰作斗争的方法之一是获得充足的睡眠）切题。该项中的getenoughsleep对应了下文的lacksleepconstantly。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文提示“Otherstakeamoreproactiveapproach,viewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustovercomealone.（其他人则采取更积极主动的方式，将每项任务视为必须独自克服的挑战）”可知，有了强大的决心，你可以达到目标。承接上文，F项Lazinessappearswhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownmind.（当你不再能掌控自己的思想时，懒惰就会出现）切题。该项与上文构成转折关系。故选F。【18题详解】根据下文提示“completeafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoy,suchasagooddinnerorafilm.（完成一些任务，奖励自己喜欢的东西，比如一顿大餐或一场电影）”顺承下文，E项Createarewardsystemforyourself,justasparentsdoforachild.（为自己建立一个奖励系统，就像父母为孩子做的那样）切题。该项中的arewardsystemforyourself与下文的rewardyourself呼应。故选E。【19题详解】根据下文提示“Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexample（饭后第一个收拾和洗碗。家里的其他人可能最终会以你为榜样）”可知，为了消除家庭的懒惰，可以树立一个榜样。顺承下文，B项Tofightfamilylaziness,setanexample.（与家庭懒惰作斗争，树立榜样）切题。该项中的setanexample与下文的followyourexample保持一致。故选B。【20题详解】根据下文提示“Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle,（足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式，）”可知，最后定期锻炼可以让你消灭懒惰。顺承下文，C项Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.（最后，定期锻炼可以帮助你战胜懒惰）切题。该项位于段首，类似小标题，下文对其解释。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空(共20小题,每题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenmyson,Justin,wasfour,hefoundacaterpillar(毛虫)andputitinajar.Eachdayhefeditwithfreshgrassandleaves.Inafewweekswediscoveredit

____21____inacocoon(茧).Justinwasexcited.Heknewamoth(蛾)orbutterflywasabouttobe

____22____,buthedidn’tknowwhatkind.Hewas____23____toknowwhatgiftnaturewasabouttogivehim.“Dad!”shoutedtheboywhilerunningtomeoneday.“Something’s

____24____.Comesee!”Heledmetohisroom.Thecocoonhadbecomehalftransparentandwecould

____25____

thewingsoftheunborn.Soon,amothbrokefreefromthecocoon,andlaideggscompletingthelife

____26____ofthelittlecaterpillar.Thenextday,IconvincedJustinitwastimetosetthemothfree.Hetookit

____27____

,openedthejar,andthelittlemothflewout.It

____28____theyardtwice,cameback,andlandedonJustin’sarm.Hepickeditup,tosseditintheair,andthemothrepeatedits

____29____

pattern.Hetriedoverandover,buteachtimeitwould

_____30_____

tohisarm.Justin_____31_____.Heputhislittlepetbacktothejar.Thenextdayheattemptedtosetitfreeagain,andafterafewrepetitionsofthesamebehavior,themoth_____32_____flewoffintothegrass.Likea

_____33_____,Ibelievethemothwasafraidtoleavewhatitwascomfortablewith.Itwantedtostaywithsomething_____34_____,scaredtomoveonandexperiencesomethingunknown.Iwasoncethatlittlemoth.Mycocoonwasmymother’s

_____35_____

,inwhichIwascomfortable.Likethemoth,Ididn’twanttoflytoofarawayfromit.Iwas_____36_____

whenmyfirstjobrequiredmetomovetoanewcity.WhatwouldIfindthere?Iliked_____37_____Iwas.Humansarecreaturesof

_____38_____.Weresistchange.However,ifIhadn’tmoved,Iwouldnothaveexperiencedmany_____39_____andwonderfulthingsormetmanyofmyfriends.Soeachmovegavemethe

_____40_____tolearnandexperience,butbestofall,Imetfriends.21.A.wrapped B.trapped C.developed D.protected22.A.created B.changed C.raised D.born23.A.upset B.content C.lucky D.curious24.A.disappearing B.spreading C.happening D.cracking25.A.feel B.identify C.count D.imagine26.A.plan B.cycle C.task D.project27.A.outside B.down C.aside D.back28.A.explored B.circled C.searched D.abandoned29.A.adventure B.game C.flight D.communication30.A.return B.cater C.turn D.stick31.A.keptup B.lookedaround C.gaveup D.turnedaround32.A.finally B.successfully C.carelessly D.hesitatingly33.A.human B.butterfly C.caterpillar D.pet34.A.friendly B.familiar C.pleasant D.similar35.A.expectation B.instruction C.requirement D.love36.A.thrilled B.afraid C.crazy D.annoyed37.A.what B.how C.where D.who38.A.emotion B.mood C.ambition D.habit39.A.silly B.vital C.funny D.new40.A.courage B.pleasure C.opportunity D.motivation【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.B26.B27.A28.B29.C30.A31.C32.A33.A34.B35.D36.B37.C38.D39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。这篇短文主要讲述了一个小男孩将一只毛毛虫喂养成蛾子之后，小男孩想要将它放飞，但是每次蛾子都会自己回来。因此，作者感悟到人类和动物一样，都不愿意离开妈妈温暖舒适的怀抱。但是，如果我们不改变环境就不会见到新鲜的事物。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天他都给它新鲜的草和叶子，几天后，我们发现它被茧包裹着。A.wrapped包，裹；B.trapped困住；C.developed发展；D.protected保护。根据上文“hefoundacaterpillar(毛虫)andputitinajar.”和下文“Heknewamoth(蛾)orbutterfly”可知，作者的孩子发现了一个毛毛虫，几周之后，它把自己包裹（wrapped）在茧里。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道一个飞蛾或者蝴蝶就要诞生了，但是他不知道是哪一种。A.created创造；B.changed改变；C.raised提高；D.born出生，诞生。根据下文“Justinwasexcited.”可知，作者的孩子很兴奋，他知道一只蛾子或者一只蝴蝶将要诞生（born）。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很好奇，大自然会给他什么礼物。A.upset不安；B.content满足的；C.lucky幸运的；D.curious好奇的。根据上“hedidn’tknowwhatkind.”可推断，Justin很好奇（curious）他会收到什么礼物。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有事发生，过来看？A.disappearing消失；B.spreading扩展；C.happening发生；D.cracking破裂。根据故事发展以及下文“Comesee”可知。毛毛虫发生（happening）了一些变化，儿子叫作者过去看。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：茧变成半透明的，我们能清楚地看到里面的翅膀。A.feel感觉；B.identify确认，识别；C.count计数；D.imagine想象。根据“Thecocoonhadbecomehalftransparent”可知，茧已经半透明，我们可以识别（identify）出它的翅膀。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，一只飞蛾挣脱茧、产卵完成了这个小毛虫的生命循环。A.plan计划；B.cycle循环；C.task任务；D.project工程。根据“amothbrokefreefromthecocoon,andlaideggs”可知，一只蛾子从茧中挣脱出来，产了卵，因此可知它完成了小毛虫的生命周期（cycle）。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把盒子拿到外面打开它，小飞蛾飞出去了。A.outside在外边；B.down在下面；C.aside在一边；D.back后边。根据上文“IconvincedJustinitwastimetosetthemothfree”可知，Justin打开罐子要把蛾子放出去（outside）。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它绕院子飞了两圈，回来落到Justin的肩膀上。A.explored探索；B.circled转圈；C.searched寻找；D.abandoned放弃。根据下文“cameback,andlandedonJustin’sarm”可知，蛾子在院子里转圈飞了两圈（circled），回来落在了Justin的肩膀上。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把它捡起来，扔到空中，飞蛾重复了它的飞行模式。A.adventure冒险；B.game游戏；C.flight飞；D.communication交流。根据下文“Hetriedoverandover,buteachtimeitwould____10____tohisarm.”可知，Justin把蛾子捡起来，抛在空中,但是蛾子重复它的飞行（flight）方式，回到他的肩膀上。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试了一次又一次，但是每次它总是回到他的肩膀上。A.return归还，返回；B.cater承办酒席；C.turn转身；D.stick坚持。根据上文“Hetriedoverandover,but”可推断，Justin试了一次又一次，想要释放蛾子，但是每次蛾子都会返回（return）到他的肩膀上。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析句意：Justin放弃了，把它放回盒子里。A.keptup坚持；B.lookedaround朝四周看；C.gaveup放弃；D.turnedaround转身。根据下文“Heputhislittlepetbacktothejar”可知,Justin放弃（gaveup）了释放蛾子，又把它放回到罐子里。故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：第二天，他试图再次释放它，并在几次重复动作后，它最终还是飞回草地上。A.finally最终；B.successfully成功地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.hesitatingly犹豫地。根据上文“Thenextdayheattemptedtosetitfreeagain,andafterafewrepetitionsofthesamebehavior”可知，第二天，Justin又试图放了它，但是飞蛾在重复几次同样的行为后，终于（finally）又回到草丛上。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这只飞蛾就像人一样，害怕离开舒适的地方和环境。A.human人类；B.butterfly蝴蝶；C.caterpillar毛虫；D.pet宠物。根据“Ibelievethemothwasafraidtoleavewhatitwascomfortablewith”并结合常识可知，作者是拿蛾子跟人做对比，就像人类一样，蛾子也会害怕离开舒适的生活地方。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它想要和一些熟悉的事物待在一起，害怕离开和体验未知的事物。A.friendly友好的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.pleasant高兴的；D.similar相似的。根据下文“scaredtomoveonandexperiencesomethingunknown.”可推断，飞蛾想要待在相似的地方，害怕到新的地方体验不知道的事情，想要和一些熟悉的（familiar）事物在一起。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经也是一只小飞蛾，我的茧是妈妈的爱。A.expectation期望；B.instruction指令，说明；C.requirement要求；D.love爱。根据上文“Iwasoncethatlittlemoth.”可知，对于作者来说，曾经也是一只飞蛾，母亲对他的爱（love）就是他的茧，保护着他。故选D项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的第一份新工作要我搬到一个新城市，我很害怕。A.thrilled激动的；B.afraid害怕的；C.crazy着迷的；D.annoyed烦恼的。根据上文“Likethemoth,ldidn'twanttoflytoofarawayfromit.”可知，像蛾子一样，作者不想飞向远方，因此作者在第一个工作要求他去一个新城市时，作者是害怕的（afraid）。故选B项。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢我原来在的地方。A.what什么；B.how如何；C.where什么地方；D.who谁。根据前文的anewcity可知，是用where引导从句，作者不想离开他从小生活的地方。故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类是习惯的生物。A.emotion感情；B.mood情绪；C.ambition雄心；D.habit习惯。根据下文“Weresistchange”可知，人类是习惯（habit）的生物，人类抵制改变。故选D项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也许就不能体验到许多新鲜又精彩的事物。A.silly愚蠢的；B.vital重要的；C.funny滑稽的；D.new新的。根据上文“ifIhadn'tmoved”可知，如果不去新的（new）环境，作者就不会有丰富多彩的新的经历或者认识很多朋友。故选D项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此每一次的迁移都给了我学习和体验的机会，但是最好的是我遇到了朋友。A.courage勇气；B.pleasure乐趣；C.opportunity机会；D.motivation动机。根据“tolearnandexperience,butbes