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Unit4

TimetocelebrateUnderstanding

ideas1

An

Unusual

Spring

Festival

一个不寻常的春节(教材P64)

unusual

/ʌnˈju:ʒuəl/

adj.不平常的

由“un-(否定前缀)+usual(adj.通常的)”构成。unusual的发音以元音音素开头,其前有不定冠词时,应用an。

Tan

Dun

is

an

unusual

man

with

great

musical

talent.

谭盾是一

个与众不同的人,有着非凡的音乐天赋。(南通中考改编)2

I

wanted

to

treat

my

British

friend,Emilia,to

a

Chinese

dinner.

我想请我的英国朋友埃米莉亚吃一顿中式晚餐。(教材P64)

treat

/tri:t/

v.请客,款待,招待

treat

sb.

to

sth.

请某人吃/喝某物;用某物款待某人

Let

me

treat

you

to

some

juice.让我请你喝点儿果汁吧。

treat的其他常见含义:[名词]款待;招待give

sb.

a

treat

招待某人Why

not

go

out

for

dinner?My

treat

this

time.为什么不出去吃晚饭呢?这次我请客。[动词]对待treat

sb./sth.

with...

以……态度对待某人/某物If

you

treat

others

with

yourheart,you

will

get

friendship

in

return.如果你用心对待别人,作为回报,你会得到友谊。(成都中考)[动词]把……看作treat...

as...把……看作……They

treat

the

dog

as

a

member

of

their

family.他们把这只狗视作家庭的一员。续表

British/ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

adj.英国的;英国人的(Britain[名词]英国,不列颠)

[形容词]可作定语或表语。

He

was

born

in

Britain

but

his

parents

aren’t

British.他出生在英国,但他父母不是英国人。

the

British“英国人”,表示复数概念。

The

British

have

a

very

odd

sense

of

humour.

英国人的幽默感很奇特。3

However,I

just

couldn’t

make

it.

但是,我实在做不出来。(教材P64)

however

/haʊˈevə/

adv.然而,不过,但是

however与but两者均可表示转折,区别如下:however副词可位于句首、句中、句末,一般用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开but连词常位于句中,其后通常不用逗号隔开

He

was

feeling

bad.

He

went

to

work,

however.他感觉不舒服,但他还是去上班了。

Jack

plays

football

well

but

I

don’t.=Jack

plays

football

well.

However,

I

don’t.杰克足球踢得很好,但我踢得不好。4

I

often

watched

Grandma

cook,but

I

never

cooked

anything

myself.

我经常看奶奶做饭,但从来没有自己做过饭。(教材P64)

watch

sb./sth.

do

sth.观看某人/某物做某事

watch

sb./sth.

do

sth.与watch

sb./sth.

doing

sth.watchsb./sth.

do

sth.意为“观看某人/某物做某事”,强调观看动作发生的全过程或经常观看某动作I

watched

her

go

out

of

the

room.我看着她走出了房间。I

often

watch

Gina

play

the

piano.我经常观看吉娜弹钢琴。watch

sb./sth.

doing

sth.意为“观看某人/某物正在做某事”,强调观看正在进行的动作I

am

watching

Gina

playing

the

piano.我正在观看吉娜弹钢琴。

与watch的这一用法类似的词有see、hear等。

She

saw

a

boy

come

into

the

classroom.她看到一个男孩进了教室。

I

saw

the

boys

playing

football

in

the

playground.

我看到那些男孩正在操场上踢足球。

anything

/ˈeniθɪŋ/pron.任何事物

[复合不定代词]常用于否定句或疑问句中。其作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Don’t

do

anything

until

we

get

there.我们到那儿之前不要采取任何行动。

Did

you

do

anything

special

for

your

mother

on

her

birthday?

你妈妈生日那天你为她做了什么特别的事吗?(济南中考)(形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置)【特别提醒】something表示“某事;某物”,常用于肯定句中。但是,在表示委婉的邀请、请求、建议等并希望得到肯定回答的问句中,用something而不用anything。

Could

you

please

give

me

something

to

drink?请给我点儿喝的好吗?

myself

/maɪˈself/

pron.我本人,我亲自,我自己

[反身代词]在句中可作宾语、同位语或表语。

I

can

look

after

myself

well.我可以照顾好自己。(作lookafter的宾语)

I’ll

speak

to

her

myself.我要亲自去跟她说。(作I的同位语)

I’m

not

myself

today.我今天不太舒服。(作表语)5

But

my

whole

family

came

to

my

help

on

the

phone.但全家人都在电话里帮我。(教材P64)

whole

/həʊl/

adj.全部的,整个的

whole与all两者均可作形容词修饰名词,区别如下:whole全部的,整个的位于冠词、物主代词等限定词之后,即“限定词+whole+名词”all所有的,全部的位于定冠词the、物主代词等限定词之前,即“all+限定词+名词”【语境串记】All

the

students

in

our

class

study

hard.

We

studied

the

whole

day

yesterday.我们班所有的学生学习都很努力。我们昨天一整天都在学习。6

After

Emilia

hung

balloons

and

lanterns

in

the

dining

room,I

put

the

last

dish

on

the

table.

埃米莉亚在餐厅挂上气球和灯笼后,我把最后一道菜放到了桌子上。(教材P64)

hang

/hæŋ/

v.悬挂

[动词]其过去式和过去分词均为hung。

Mike

hung

his

coat

on

the

hook.迈克把外套挂在衣钩上。(作及物动词)

His

schoolbag

was

still

hanging

on

the

back

of

the

door.他的书包仍然挂在门后。(作不及物动词)

(1)[动词](被)绞死;施以绞刑其过去式和过去分词均为hanged。

He

was

hanged

for

murder.他因谋杀罪而被绞死。(2)与hang相关的常见短语:hang

out

常去某处;泡在某处

hang

up

挂断电话hang

on

等一下;别挂电话;抓紧

dish

/dɪʃ/

n.(烹制好的)菜肴,一道菜

[可数名词]复数形式为dishes。

What’s

your

favourite

dish?你最喜欢什么菜?

[可数名词]碟;盘do/wash

the

dishes清洗餐具

I

always

help

my

mother

wash

the

dishes

and

take

out

the

rubbish.我总是帮妈妈清洗餐具和倒垃圾。(张家界中考)7

“Are

you

joking?

Isn’t

that

against

the

law?”Emilia

was

shocked.“

你在开玩笑吗?那难道不是违法的吗?”埃米莉亚很震惊。(教材P65)

joke

/dʒəʊk/

v.说笑话;开玩笑

[动词]同义词为kid。

You

must

be

joking/kidding.

你一定是在开玩笑吧。

[可数名词]笑话;玩笑tell

a

joke/jokes讲笑话make

a

joke/jokes开玩笑play

a

joke/jokes

on

sb.开某人的玩笑

Jim

is

a

funny

boy.

He

is

good

at

telling

jokes.吉姆是个有趣的男孩。他擅长讲笑话。(贵港中考)

He

is

just

making

a

joke.他只是开个玩笑。

We

played

a

joke

on

John

just

now.我们刚才和约翰开了个玩笑。

against

/əˈɡenst/

prep.

违背,与……相悖

She

had

to

leave

home

against

her

will.她不得不违背自己的意愿离开了家。

against作介词的其他常见义项:

shocked

/ʃɒkt/

adj.震惊的

[形容词]在句中常作表语,其主语常为人。be

shocked

at/by...对……感到震惊be

shocked

to

do

sth.对做某事感到震惊

We

were

all

shocked

at/by

the

news.我们都对这条消息感到震惊。

I

was

shocked

to

hear

the

news

of

his

sudden

death.听到他突然去世的消息,我感到很震惊。8

Its

round

shape

stands

for

family

reunions.

它圆圆的形状象征着阖家团圆。(教材P65)

round

/raʊnd/

adj.圆形的,环形的

[形容词]在句中可作表语或定语。

The

table

is

big

and

round.这张桌子又大又圆。(作表语)

He

put

the

apples

on

a

round

plate.他把苹果放在一个圆盘子上。(作定语)

[介词]环绕;在……周围相当于around。

The

earth

moves

round

the

sun.地球绕着太阳转。

She

has

a

scarf

round

her

neck.她脖子上围着一条围巾。9

Emilia

cut

a

piece

of

it

with

her

knife

and

put

it

into

hermouth.

埃米莉亚用她的刀切了一块,放进嘴里。(教材P65)

a

piece

of

一片;一块;一段

(1)常用来表示不可数名词的量;如果表示的量超过一,要用“基数词(大于1)+pieces

of”。

She

wrote

something

on

a

small

piece

of

paper.她在一小片纸上写了点什么。

—Kevin,

please

help

me

repair

the

alarm

clock.

凯文,请帮我修理闹钟。—No

problem!

It’s

a

piece

of

cake.

没问题!小菜一碟。

(2)a

piece

of...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“基数词(大于1)+pieces

of...”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

knife

/naɪf/

n.刀

[可数名词]其复数形式是将fe变为v再加-es,即knives。

He

cut

the

apple

in

half

with

a

knife.他用刀将苹果切成两半。

The

same

knife

cuts

bread

and

fingers.水能载舟,亦能覆舟。【巧学妙记】以-f(e)结尾,复数形式变-f(e)为-ves的词妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf),小偷(thief)吓得发了慌。躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命(life),半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。10

The

smell

of

the

dishes

and

our

laughter

filled

the

room.

菜肴的香味和我们的笑声充满了整个房间。(教材P65)

smell

/smel/

n.气味

Sandy’s

yard

is

sweet

with

the

smell

of

flowers.桑迪的院子里花香扑鼻。(扬州中考)

(1)[系动词]有……气味其后常接形容词作表语。

Mum

is

cooking

chicken

soup.

It

smells

so

good.妈妈正在煮鸡汤,闻起来很香。(2)[动词]闻到,嗅到

I

can

smell

something

burning.我能闻到什么东西烧焦了。

fill

/fɪl/

v.(使)充满;装满

fill...(with...)

(用……)把……装满

Smoke

filled

the

room.房间里烟雾弥漫。

She

filled

the

glass

with

juice.她把玻璃杯倒满了果汁。

be

filled

with充满……相当于be

full

of。其中full作形容词,意为“满的;充满的”。

The

air

was

filled

with(=was

full

of)

the

sound

of

children’s

laughter.空气中充满孩子们的笑声。【典例】

完成句子,每空一词。[通辽中考]

你为别人倒茶时,要倒七分满。When

you

serve

the

tea

to

somebody,

you

should

_____

the

cup

70%

full

_____

the

tea.fillwith11

I

felt

like

I

was

back

home.

我感觉像回到了家里。(教材P65)

feel

like感觉像

其后常接名词(短语)或从句等。

She

made

me

feel

like

a

child.她让我感觉自己像个孩子。(接名词)

I

felt

like

I

was

a

fish

in

the

pool.我感觉自己像池塘里的一条鱼。(接从句)

I

feel

like

a

drink.我想要一杯饮料。

I

don’t

feel

like

saying

anything

now.我现在什么都不想说。feel

like

sth.想要某物feel

like

doing

sth.想要做某事12

She

was

shocked

at

the

name,but

she

liked

the

taste.

她对这个名字感到震惊,不过她很喜欢这个味道。(教材P66)

taste

/teɪst/

n.味道,滋味

[名词]味道,滋味

The

medicine

has

a

sweet

taste.这药有一种甜甜的味道。

(1)[连系动词]有……味道后接形容词作表语,通常不用于进行时。The

grapes

are

very

fresh

and

they

also

taste

good.葡萄很新鲜,味道也很好。(天津中考)

(2)[及物动词]品尝

You

can

taste

the

dishes.你可以尝尝这些菜。【语境串记】The

cook

tastes

the

soup.

Wow!

It

tastes

delicious.

It

has

a

good

taste.厨师尝了尝汤。哇!它尝起来很美味。它的味道很好。13

What’s

the

common

way

of

celebrating

the

Spring

Festival?

常见的庆祝春节的方式是什么?(教材P66)

common

/ˈkɒmən/

adj.常见的,普通的(反义词为uncommon“不常有的;罕见的”)

Jackson

is

a

common

English

name.杰克逊是常见的英语人名。

Different

people

have

different

opinions.

This

is

very

common.不同的人有不同的观点。这是很常见的。(吉林中考)

(1)[形容词]共有的,共同的

We

share

a

common

interest

in

painting.

我们在绘画方面兴趣相投。(2)have

sth.

in

common

(with

sb.)(与某人)在某方面有共同之处

All

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