北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

昌平区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量抽测英语试卷本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Istillrememberthatnightmanyyearsago.Iwasayoungadultatthetime,andmythoughtswereoftencloudedbydoubtsandfearsaboutmyfuture.I___1___togooutforadrive.Itwasabeautifulevening.Butsuddenly,mynightturnedintoa___2___withahead-oncrash.Iwas___3___tohospital.Irememberwaitinginthehospitalroom,myparentsbesideme.Thedoctorwalkedinandsaid“You’llprobablyhavea(an)___4___timewalking,letalonebeabletodance,orbeinvolvedwithsports.”Basketballwasmyfavouritesportandbeingontheschoolteammeanteverythingtome.Icrieduncontrollably___5___theveryworstformyfuture.Myparentstookover.“Thankyouforyouradvice,”theysaid___6___,“Ourdaughterwillbeupandwalkingagainsoon.”Withdeterminationandsupportofmyfamily,Ibeganthelongand___7___roadtorecovery.Ihadtolearnhowtowalkagain.Duringlongdayssittingimmobile,Istartedself-reflecting.Iexaminedmylife’schoicesandwheremylifewasheading.Ihadmadeahabitof___8___futureeventsthathadnothappenedyet.Mynegativethoughtscreatedbadmood.Whatbeganasanightmare(噩梦)gavemetimetolearnaboutpersonalchange.Withtime,notonlydidI___9___andplaybasketballagain,IlearnedtochangethewayIthink.Ilearnedtoreplacedoubtsandfearwithhope.Every____10____isanopportunityforgrowth.Ifwe’reopentochange,ourjourneyscanofferpathswithnewviewsonlife.1.A.refused B.hoped C.prepared D.decided2.A.disaster B.lesson C.success D.mistake3.A.called B.rushed C.advised D.allowed4.A.fantastic B.boring C.difficult D.energetic5.A.proving B.noticing C.imagining D.showing6.A.calmly B.secretly C.proudly D.excitedly7.A.lonely B.smooth C.pleasing D.challenging8.A.worryingabout B.dreamingof C.planningfor D.learningabout9.A.sing B.dance C.drive D.swim10.A.task B.turn C.warn D.praise【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C5.C6.A7.D8.A9.B10.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的一次车祸使自己改变了消极的思维方式，这使得作者成长。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定开车出去兜风。A.refused拒绝；B.hoped希望；C.prepared准备；D.decided决定。根据上文“Iwasayoungadultatthetime,andmythoughtswereoftencloudedbydoubtsandfearsaboutmyfuture.”可知，作者决定开车出去兜风。故选D项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但突然之间，我的夜晚变成了一场灾难，迎面撞车了。A.disaster灾难；B.lesson课程；C.success成功；D.mistake错误。根据下文“ahead-oncrash”可知，迎面撞车了，所以是一场灾难。故选A项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被紧急送往医院。A.called呼叫；B.rushed冲，奔；C.advised建议；D.allowed允许。根据上文“Butsuddenly,mynightturnedintoa___2___withahead-oncrash.”可知，作者发生了车祸，所以被紧急送往医院。故选B项。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生走进来说:“你可能连走路都很困难，更不用说跳舞或参加体育运动了”。A.fantastic极好的；B.boring令人厌烦的；C.difficult困难的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据上文可知，作者出了车祸。再根据下文“letalonebeabletodance,orbeinvolvedwithsports.”可知，作者走路很困难。故选C项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不由自主地哭了起来，想象着我未来最坏的打算。A.proving证明；B.noticing注意；C.imagining现象；D.showing展示。根据上文“mythoughtswereoftencloudedbydoubtsandfearsaboutmyfuture.”可知，作者想象着未来最坏的打算。故选C项。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你的建议，”他们平静地说，“我们的女儿很快就会起来走路了”。A.calmly冷静地；B.secretly秘密地；C.proudly自豪地；D.excitedly兴奋地。根据上文“Thankyouforyouradvice”可知，父母平静地说。故选A项。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了决心和家人的支持，我开始了漫长而充满挑战的康复之路。A.lonely孤独的；B.smooth光滑的；C.pleasing令人愉快的；D.challenging富于挑战性的。根据上文“thelong”以及常识可知，康复之路充满挑战。故选D项。【8题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我已经养成了为尚未发生的事情担心的习惯。A.worryingabout担忧；B.dreamingof梦想；C.planningfor为…计划；D.learningabout了解。根据上文“mythoughtswereoftencloudedbydoubtsandfearsaboutmyfuture.”以及下文“Mynegativethoughtscreatedbadmood.”可知，作者养成了为尚未发生的事情担心的习惯。故选A项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不仅再次跳舞和打篮球，我还学会了改变我的思维方式。A.sing唱歌；B.dance跳舞；C.drive开车；D.swim游泳。根据上文“letalonebeabletodance”可知，作者恢复的不错，能够再次跳舞。故选B项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一次转折都是一次成长的机会。A.task任务；B.turn转向，转折；C.warn警告；D.praise赞扬。根据上文“IlearnedtochangethewayIthink.Ilearnedtoreplacedoubtsandfearwithhope.”可知，每一次转折都是一次成长的机会。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The“waterfootprint”isawaytoshowhowmuchfreshwateracertainactivityorprocessuses.Growingcrops___11___(need)alotofwater,sothewaterfootprintoffoodisbig.Andanimalproducts,likemeat,milkand___12___(egg),useevenmorewater.Thefoodweeatmakesupthebiggestpartofourpersonalwaterfootprint.That’s____13____it’simportantnottowastefood.Whenwethrowawayfood,we’renotonlywastingthefooditself,butalsothewaterittooktomakeit.【答案】11.needs12.eggs13.why【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。“水足迹”是一种显示某种活动或过程使用了多少淡水的方法。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：种植作物需要大量的水，所以食物的水足迹很大。本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。动名词作主语谓语用单数。故填needs。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：动物产品，如肉、牛奶和鸡蛋，使用更多的水。egg为可数名词，表示多个鸡蛋，用复数形式作宾语。故填eggs。【13题详解】考查连接词。句意：这就是为什么不浪费食物很重要。空处为表语从句，表示“为什么”，用连接副词why。故填why。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。BeijingOperaisoneofChina’snationaltreasures,whichcombinesacting,talking,singing,music,dancingandacrobaticstogether.It___14___(begin)inthelate18thcentury.TherearefourrolesBeijingOperaperformerscanplay:sheng,dan,jing,chou.Eachrolehasitsownsingingandactingstyles.Performersoftensingwithveryhighvoices.Thisis___15___BeijingOperawasusuallyperformed___16___open-airstagesintheearlydays.Inordertobeheardoverthecrowds,themusichadtobeloudandperformershadtosinginveryhighvoices.【答案】14.began15because16.on【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国瑰宝之一——京剧。【14题详解】考查时态。句意：它始于18世纪末。这是考查谓语动词，It(BeijingOpera)与begin为主动关系，再由inthelate18thcentury可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填began。【15题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这是因为早期京剧通常在露天舞台上表演。这里考查表语从句，本句话解释了前句Performersoftensingwithveryhighvoices(表演者经常用很高的声音唱歌)，所以这里应用because引导，强调原因。故填because。【16题详解】考查介词。句意：这是因为早期京剧通常在露天舞台上表演。这里考查onstage表“在舞台上”，为固定搭配。故填on。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheSunflowersseriesstandsasatruemasterpiece.ItwaspaintedbyVincentvanGogh___17___livedinthe19thcentury.Theworkscelebratelife,natureandbeauty___18___(find)inthemostordinaryobjects.Thesunflowersspreadwarmthandjoy,___19___invitesustotouchlife’spleasure,nature’sbeautyandart’spower.Theseriesisatimelessartwork,___20___(inspire)peoplewithitsbeautyinordinarymoments.【答案】17.who##that18found19.which20.inspiring【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了梵高的著名画作《向日葵》。【17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这幅画是梵高在19世纪画的。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为VincentvanGogh，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或者that。故填who或that。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品颂扬了在最普通的物体中发现的生命、自然和美。空处为非谓语动词，life,natureandbeauty与find为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填found。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：向日葵散发着温暖和喜悦，邀请我们去感受生活的愉悦、自然的美丽和艺术的力量。此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【20题详解】考查非谓语。句意：这个系列是一件永恒的艺术品，在平凡的时刻用它的美激励着人们。此处是非谓语动词，与上文为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填inspiring。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACreativeteenswithapassionforstorytellingmayjustfindtheircallingintheexcitingworldoffilm.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesinthisindustry,fromproducingtoeditingtodirectingtotechnicalwork.Curiousaboutwhetherfilm-makingisthepathforyou?Throughtheseprogramsdesignedforhighschoolstudents,youcanfindout.SummerArtsInstituteThisfreefour-weekprogramforstudentsingrades10through12isnottobemissed.Participants(参与者)canmajorinseveralcreativefields,includingfilm.Studentsselectedfortheprogramworkwithprofessionalartiststobuildskillsandgainhands-onexperience.Theprogramendswithanexhibitionofparticipants’work.CinematicArtsProgramTheoldestfilmschoolencourageshighschoolstudentstolearnabouttheworldoffilmmaking,screenwriting,computeranimation,orthefilm/televisionbusinessthroughthesesix-weeksummersessions.Studentstakerealcollege-levelcourses.TeenFilmmakingCampsInsummerfilmcamps,studentswillwrite,shoot,directandedittheirownfilms.Inthisprogramdesignedforteenswithlittletonofilmexperience,studentsreceivein-classinstructionandtakepartinon-setproduction,learningallabouttheexcitingworldofstorytellingthroughfilm.Theprogramendswithascreeningoftheparticipants’works.MuseumofMediaTeenCouncilTheMoMTeenCouncilisatwo-monthjobdevelopmentprogramforteensinterestedinthemediaartswhowantalookathowgoodfilmsarebornandhowamediamuseumworks.Participantshelpthemuseumshapeitsprogramofferings.Theycanbuildleadershipskillsandteamwork.Theyalsogetreal-worldprojectmanagementexperiencebyorganizingeventslikethemuseum’sFilmFestival.21.Whichprogramofferscollege-levelcourses?A.SummerArtsInstitute.B.CinematicArtsProgram.C.TeenFilmmakingCamps.D.MuseumofMediaTeenCouncil.22.WhatwillstudentsoftheMoMTeenCouncilget?A.Afilmdirectedbythemselves.B.Afreesix-weeksummercamp.C.Chancesofworkingwithartists.D.Projectmanagementexperience.23.Whatisthesharedgoalofthefourprograms?A.Toseeklocalpartners.B.Tocarryoutsummercamps.C.Tofindoutcreativehighschoolers.D.Tohelpteensknowaboutfilmmaking.【答案】21.B22.D23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍一些为高中生设计与电影制作有关的项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。由CinematicArtsProgram中“Studentstakerealcollege-levelcourses.(学生们学习真正的大学水平的课程。)”可知，在CinematicArtsProgram中可以学习大学水平课程。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由MuseumofMediaTeenCouncil中“TheMoMTeenCouncilisatwo-monthjobdevelopmentprogramforteensinterestedinthemediaartswhowantalookathowgoodfilmsarebornandhowamediamuseumworks.Participantshelpthemuseumshapeitsprogramofferings.Theycanbuildleadershipskillsandteamwork.Theyalsogetreal-worldprojectmanagementexperiencebyorganizingeventslikethemuseum’sFilmFestival.(MoMTeenCouncil是一个为期两个月的职业发展计划，面向对媒体艺术感兴趣的青少年，他们希望了解好电影是如何诞生的，以及媒体博物馆是如何运作的。参与者帮助博物馆制定计划。他们可以培养领导能力和团队合作。他们还可以通过组织博物馆电影节等活动获得现实世界的项目管理经验。)”可知，MoMTeenCouncil的学生获得项目管理经验。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Creativeteenswithapassionforstorytellingmayjustfindtheircallingintheexcitingworldoffilm.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesinthisindustry,fromproducingtoeditingtodirectingtotechnicalwork.Curiousaboutwhetherfilm-makingisthepathforyou?Throughtheseprogramsdesignedforhighschoolstudents,youcanfindout.(对讲故事充满热情的富有创造力的青少年可能会在激动人心的电影世界中找到自己的职业。这个行业有很多机会，从制作到剪辑，从导演到技术工作。想知道电影制作是否适合你吗？通过这些为高中生设计的课程，你可以找到答案。)”以及下文介绍的项目可知，下面四个项目都能帮助青少年了解电影制作。故选D项。BInhislittlehouse,JasewaswritingalettertoSantaweeksbeforeChristmas.“DearSanta,Couldyougivemesuperpowersthisyear?ThenIcanbeasuperheroandsavelives.Icanbeafirefighter!Pleaserealisemywish!”Weekslater,itwasfinallyChristmas.Whenherandownthestairs,hesawlotsofparcelsunderatallChristmastreeinthelivingroom.Hestoppeddeadbeforethetree,lookingforhispresent.“Afiretruck!”heshoutedloudly.“Santagavemesuperpowers!I’llbecomeafirefighter!”Jasehadlearnedatschoolthatfirefightersweretrueheroeswhosavedpeoplefromdanger.Sothelittleboywishedtobeafirefighter.Hewassohappythathespentthewholedaydrivinghistoytruck.Thatevening,hecouldn’tsleep.Hetookhistruckdowntothelivingroomanddroveitaround.Suddenly,hefeltsomethingstrange.Whenheturnedaround,hesawsmokefromtheChristmastree.Hisparentshadforgottentoputoutsomecandles,whichhadcaughtthetree’sbackandthecurtainsonfire.Thefirewasspreadingfast.“Mom!Dad!There’safireinourhouse!”heshoutedasherushedupstairsandwokeuphissisters.Millywokeupandrandownstairswithhim,butRosiewasasleep,sohecarriedherinhisarms.Hethenputhissistersinthetruckandrushedtohisparents’room.“What’swrong,Jase?”hismomasked.“Wait,what’sthatsmoke?”“There’safire!”Jaseshouted.Thecoupletookthekidsandrushedoutofthehouse.Theycalled911,andfirefightersarrivedonthescene.Becausethespacewassmall,thewholehousewasinflames(火焰)innotime.OneofthefirefighterspattedJase’sshoulderandsaid,“Goodjob!”Jasesmiledandsaid,“Thankyou,sir.Notallheroeswearcapes(斗篷)!Iwillbecomearealsuperherolikeyousomeday.”Andtoday,Jasehashelpedseveralfamiliesfromsuchevents,andhe’sindeedasuperhero,afirefighter.24.WhatdidJasewantforChristmasgift?A.Anewcape.B.Atoytruck.C.Superpowers.D.Giftsfromfirefighters.25.WhatactiondidJasetakeuponseeingthefire?A.Hecalled911.B.Heranoutofthehouse.C.Hetriedtoputoutthefire.D.Hemanagedtosavehisfamilies.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJase?A.Calmandbrave.B.Curiousandhumorous.C.Kindandhard-working.D.Honestandquick-thinking.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Nopains,nogains.B.Practicemakesperfect.CHeroescomeinallshapesandsizes.D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了小男孩Jase在圣诞节期望得到超能力，成为一名消防员的故事。在圣诞节那天，他发现家里的圣诞树着火，他及时唤醒家人并帮助他们逃出火场，最后他的英勇行为得到了消防员的赞扬。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“DearSanta,Couldyougivemesuperpowersthisyear?ThenIcanbeasuperheroandsavelives.Icanbeafirefighter!Pleaserealisemywish!”（亲爱的圣诞老人，你能给我超能力吗？这样我就可以成为一个超级英雄，拯救生命。我可以成为一名消防员！请实现我的愿望！）可知，Jase希望得到的圣诞礼物是超能力。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Mom!Dad!There’safireinourhouse!”heshoutedasherushedupstairsandwokeuphissisters.Millywokeupandrandownstairswithhim,butRosiewasasleep,sohecarriedherinhisarms.Hethenputhissistersinthetruckandrushedtohisparents’room.（妈妈！爸爸！我们家着火了！”他边喊边冲上楼去叫醒他的姐姐们。Milly醒来和他一起跑下楼，但Rosie还在睡觉，所以他把她抱在怀里。然后他把姐姐们放在卡车上，冲到父母的房间。）可知，Jase在看到火后，他设法救出了他的家人。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Mom!Dad!There’safireinourhouse!”heshoutedasherushedupstairsandwokeuphissisters.Millywokeupandrandownstairswithhim,butRosiewasasleep,sohecarriedherinhisarms.Hethenputhissistersinthetruckandrushedtohisparents’room.（妈妈！爸爸！我们家着火了！”他边喊边冲上楼去叫醒他的姐姐们。Milly醒来和他一起跑下楼，但Rosie还在睡觉，所以他把她抱在怀里。然后他把姐姐们放在卡车上，冲到父母的房间。）以及根据最后一段“Andtoday,Jasehashelpedseveralfamiliesfromsuchevents,andhe’sindeedasuperhero,afirefighter.”（今天，杰斯已经帮助了几个家庭，他确实是一个超级英雄，一名消防员。）可知，Jase在看到火后，他冷静地唤醒了家人，并设法将他们带出了火场，这表明他是一个冷静和勇敢的人。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Goodjob!”Jasesmiledandsaid,“Thankyou,sir.Notallheroeswearcapes(斗篷)!Iwillbecomearealsuperherolikeyousomeday.”Andtoday,Jasehashelpedseveralfamiliesfromsuchevents,andhe’sindeedasuperhero,afirefighter.（‘做得好！’Jase笑着说，‘谢谢你，先生。并非所有的英雄都穿斗篷！我有一天会成为像你一样的真正的超级英雄。’而今天，Jase已经帮助了几个家庭从这样的事件中脱险，他确实是一个超级英雄，一个消防员。）可知，英雄可以有各种各样的形象。故选C。CSomeenvironmentalistsclaimthatattemptstocreatearecyclingeconomyforplasticsaresuretofail,buttheargumentscanbenottrue.In1980,DisneyWorldinOrlando.Florida,startedtoworkonanewwaytogeneratepowerforthethemepark,cuttingitsuseofoil,thepriceofwhichhadincreased.TheSolidWasteEnergyConversionPlanttookrubbish,includingplastic,andusedamethodcalledpyrolysis(热解)toturnitintoburnablegases.Itopenedin1982,butclosedayearlater,asthecostofrunningitwentup.TodayenvironmentalistsarementioningtheDisneystorytodamagethereputationofasetofnewtechnologies,wellknownasadvancedrecycling,whichtakeplasticwasteandturnitbackintobrandnewplastic.Theirargumentisfalse.ThefailureofDisney’splanthadmoretodowithalaterfallinoilpricesthantechnologicalorenvironmentalproblems.Pyrolysishasimprovedalotsincethe1980s.Andinanycase,Disney’splantwasdesignedtoproducefuel,whichisn’tclassedasadvancedrecycling.Aswereport“theincrediblenewtechthatcanrecycleallplasticsforever”,advancedrecyclingisagamechangerthatcouldhelptosolvetheglobalplasticscrisis.Ithasthepossibilitytotakemillionsoftonnesofthrown-awayplastic,mostofwhichendsupinlandfillortheenvironment,andturnitbackintoaclean,freshversionbybreakingitdowntoitsmolecularconstituents(分子成分).Thegoalisarecyclingeconomy.Inthiscase,thereisnolongeranyneedtomake“virgin”plasticfromoil.Itisn’tamagicrecipe.Thereareproblemsaroundsuchplantsgeneratingtoxic(有毒的)waste,theirenergyuseandthecontinuationoftraditionalplasticsaheadofnewer,greeneralternatives(替代物).Environmentalistsarerighttoarguethatwewouldbebetteroffgraduallygettingridofplasticsaltogether.Butpracticalconsiderationsmeantheyaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon,andmostadvancedrecyclingtechnologiesarebetterfortheenvironmentthanthealternatives.Thereisaseriousdiscussiontobehadaroundadvancedrecycling,notleastwhetheritshouldbefactoredintoanupcomingglobalagreementonplasticpollution.Let’sjustmakesureitisbasedonthefacts,notDisneystories.28.AsforrefusingthenewtechwiththeDisneystory,theauthoris.A.worried B.disapprovingC.uncertain D.unconcerned29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Plasticswouldbesoonstoppedusing.B.Plantswithnewtechdon’tproducetoxicwaste.C.Thenewtechfeaturesrecyclingallplastics.D.Disney’splantturnedplasticwasteintonewplastic.30.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toargueforadvancedrecycling.B.Tostressbenefitsofreducingplastics.C.Topresentfailureofrecyclingeconomy.D.Todiscusstheproblemsofreusingwaste.【答案】28.B29.C30.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章的主旨是支持先进塑料回收技术并强调其在解决全球塑料危机方面的重要性。作者指出先进塑料回收技术有可能将大量被丢弃的塑料废物转化为全新、清洁的塑料，并探讨了这一技术的环境益处。文章还提及了对环境的影响和未来发展方向，最终呼吁基于事实进行关于先进塑料回收技术的讨论。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Today,environmentalistsarementioningtheDisneystorytodamagethereputationofasetofnewtechnologies,wellknownasadvancedrecycling,whichtakeplasticwasteandturnitbackintobrandnewplastic.(今天，环保人士提到迪士尼的故事，试图败坏一套出名的先进回收的新技术的声誉，该技术将塑料废物转化为全新的塑料)”和第四段中“Theirargumentisfalse.(他们的论点是错误的)”可推知，文章中提到环保主义者引用迪士尼故事来破坏新技术的声誉，作者指出这种论点是错误的，表明作者对拒绝新技术是持不赞同的态度。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Aswereport“theincrediblenewtechthatcanrecycleallplasticsforever”,advancedrecyclingisagamechangerthatcouldhelptosolvetheglobalplasticscrisis.Ithasthepossibilitytotakemillionsoftonnesofthrown-awayplastic,mostofwhichendsupinlandfillortheenvironment,andturnitbackintoaclean,freshversion(正如我们报道的“可以永远循环利用所有塑料的令人难以置信的新技术”，先进回收是一个能够有助于解决全球塑料危机的游戏变革。它有可能将数百万吨被丢弃的塑料，其中大部分最终被填埋或污染环境，转化为干净、全新的塑料版本)”可知，本文章中提到新技术有可能将数百万吨被丢弃的塑料废物转化为全新的、干净的版本，这意味着新技术可以回收所有的塑料。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。通读全文并结合第四段中“Aswereport“theincrediblenewtechthatcanrecycleallplasticsforever”,advancedrecyclingisagamechangerthatcouldhelptosolvetheglobalplasticscrisis.Ithasthepossibilitytotakemillionsoftonnesofthrown-awayplastic,mostofwhichendsupinlandfillortheenvironment,andturnitbackintoaclean,freshversionbybreakingitdowntoitsmolecularconstituents(分子成分).Thegoalisarecyclingeconomy.Inthiscase,thereisnolongeranyneedtomake“virgin”plasticfromoil.(正如我们报道的“不可思议的新技术，可以永远回收所有塑料”，先进的回收是一个游戏规则改变者，可以帮助解决全球塑料危机。它有可能将数百万吨的废弃塑料(其中大部分最终被填埋或丢弃在环境中)分解成分子成分，将其转化为干净、新鲜的塑料。目标是循环经济。在这种情况下，不再需要从石油中制造“原始”塑料)”可知，文章主要论证先进回收技术有望解决全球塑料危机，并探讨了先进回收技术的重要性和环境益处，因此文章主张采用先进回收技术。故选A项。DWhatIsASandBattery?Generally,whenonepicturesabattery,oneimaginesthelithiumbattery(锂电池)invarioushigh-techforms.Yetin2022,PolarNightEnergylaunchedtheworld’sfirstcommercialsandbattery,capableofstoring500-600℃inheatenergyformonths.Withtheenvironmentalconcernofminingforlithiumbatteries,investorsandcompaniesarelookingforalternatives,andsandbatteriesareoneofthem.Theconceptforasandbatteryissimple:storinglargeamountsofheatinsandorsand-likematerialsforlateruse.Theadvantageofsandisitsabilitytostorelargeamountsofheatinasmallvolume,itslargequantity,anditslowcost.Sandbatteriesserveasstorageforsparewindandsolarpowerandextraenergywhendemandislow.Theycanprovideheatedwateraswellasheatedairtohomesandindustriesthatwouldotherwiseusefossilfuels.Theheatcanalsobechangedbacktoelectricityusingasteamturbine(蒸气涡轮).Thistechniquedatesbackcenturies.AncientEgyptianhomesweremadeofsandmixedwithmudandstrawthatwouldkeeptheheatofthehotdesertsunandthenreleaseitslowlyduringthecoolnights.ManynativeAmericansusedmudtobuildhousesforthesamereason.Theywouldalsostoreheatfromcampfiresinrockswrapped(包裹)inleatherskinandusetheserocksforheatingtheirbedsatnight.Thisancientwisdomcannowbeappliedtomodernsolutionsthroughsandbatteries.Now,PolarNightEnergy,workingwiththeheatingcompanyLovisanLämpð,willlaunchasandbattery10timesthesizeandcapableofstoringupto100megawattshourofheat.Thisbatterywilleliminatetheneedforoil-basedenergyfortheentiretownofPornainen,Finland,andkeep160tonnesofcarbondioxideoutoftheatmosphereannually.AccordingtotheWashingtonPost,morethan$900millionhasbeeninvestedincleanstoragetechnologiesinthepastthreeyears,anumberthatisexpectedtoreach$3trillionby2040.Thismoneyisbeingdirectedtowardsvarioussmallcompaniesthatareinvestigatingnaturalbatteries.Therearechallengestoovercomebeforethistechnologycanbeadoptedwidely.Itremainstobeseenwhethernaturalbatteriescanbeasteadysourceofenergy.Furthermore,becauseit’sanemergingindustry,naturalbatteryprojectswillneedtobebuiltfromscratch,meaningonlydevelopedcountriescanaffordtousethem.Despitethis,sandandothernaturalbatterysolutionsareanexcitingstepforwardtowardsagreenfuture.31.Theideaofsandbatteriesis________.A.toprocessfossilfuelsforindustries B.tochangesolarenergyintoelectricityC.tostoreenergyinspecialmaterialsasheat D.togeneratewindenergywhenitisnecessary32.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Theadvantagesofsandbatteries. B.Theinspirationofsandbatteries.C.Theapplicationofsandbatteries. D.Thedevelopmentofsandbatteries.33.Whatdoestheword“eliminate”underlinedinParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Meet. B.Remove. C.Create. D.Ignore.34.Whatcanwelearnaboutsandbatteries?A.Theyareahigh-techformoflithiumbattery.B.Theycanbewidelyusedacrosstheworldsoon.C.Theyareasteadysourceofenergyforagreenfuture.D.Theycanprovideheatandpowerforhomesorindustries.【答案】31.C32.B33.B34.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是沙电池、其原理以及优势等情况。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theconceptforasandbatteryissimple:storinglargeamountsofheatinsandorsand-likematerialsforlateruse.(沙电池的概念很简单：将大量热量储存在沙子或类似沙子的材料中以备后用)”可知，沙电池的理念是将能量以热量的形式储存在特殊材料中。故选C。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thistechniquedatesbackcenturies.AncientEgyptianhomesweremadeofsandmixedwithmudandstrawthatwouldkeeptheheatofthehotdesertsunandthenreleaseitslowlyduringthecoolnights.ManynativeAmericansusedmudtobuildhousesforthesamereason.Theywouldalsostoreheatfromcampfiresinrockswrapped(包裹)inleatherskinandusetheserocksforheatingtheirbedsatnight.Thisancientwisdomcannowbeappliedtomodernsolutionsthroughsandbatteries.(这种技术可以追溯到几个世纪以前。古埃及人的房子是用沙子、泥土和稻草混合而成的，这样可以抵挡沙漠里炙热的太阳，然后在凉爽的夜晚慢慢释放热量。出于同样的原因，许多印第安人用泥土盖房子。他们还将篝火的热量储存在包裹在皮革中的岩石中，并在晚上使用这些岩石为他们的床加热。这种古老的智慧现在可以通过沙电池应用于现代解决方案)”可知，第四段的主旨是沙子电池的灵感。故选B。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Now,PolarNightEnergy,workingwiththeheatingcompanyLovisanLämpð,willlaunchasandbattery10timesthesizeandcapableofstoringupto100megawattshourofheat.(现在，极地之夜能源公司与供暖公司LovisanLämpð合作，将推出一种沙子电池，其尺寸是原来的10倍，能够储存高达100兆瓦时的热量)”以及划线词后文“theneedforoil-basedenergyfortheentiretownofPornainen,Finland,andkeep160tonnesofcarbondioxideoutoftheatmosphereannually”可知，建立巨大的沙子电池是为了去除芬兰Pornainen镇对石油能源的需求，并每年减少160吨二氧化碳的排放。故划线词意思是“去除”。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theycanprovideheatedwateraswellasheatedairtohomesandindustriesthatwouldotherwiseusefossilfuels.(它们可以为家庭和工业提供热水和加热空气，否则这些家庭和工业将使用化石燃料)”可知，沙电池可以为家庭或工业提供热量和电力。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withtheriseoflanguageapps,learninganewlanguageisperhapsmorepopularthanever.Thereisnodoubtthatlanguagelearningappshavebenefitsasasupplement(补充)toformaleducation.___35___Herearesomeunderratedwaystolearnanewlanguage.Oneofthemostcommonadviceforlanguagelearnersistoconsumefilmsandshowsinthelanguagetheyarelearning.Infact,theydon’thelpanewlearnertofollow.___36___Thecartoonsareoftenmadeupofbasicphrasesandwordsthatonewouldlearnataprimarylevel.Plus,cartoonsusuallycomewithclearerandslowerpronunciation,whichwillhelplearnersadapttounderstandingwithoutsubtitles.___37___Thereisanotherchoice:listeningtopodcastsandsongsinthelanguageyouaretryingtomaster.Notonlycanyoupickupidioms,butyoucanalsoexplorevarioustopicstoenlargeyourvocabularyandunderstanddifferenceswithinvariouscontexts.Beingexposedtotherhythmofnativespeakerswillalsohelpyourlearning,andyoucanachieveallofthiswhiledevelopingafondnessfortheculture.Whenpractisingspeaking,onerunstheriskofmakingmistakesorembarrassingoneselfwhenattemptingtopractiseinpublicorwithanativespeaker.So,instead,startsmall.Speaktoyourpetoraninanimateobjectaroundthehouse.___38___Thegoalistogetusedtosoundingtheletters.producingtheaccentandgettingthewordsout.Anothercreativemethodtoputyourwritingskillstotestistokeepapenpal.Ideally,findsomeonewhoisnotonlyfluentinthelanguageyouarelearning,butwhoisalsolearningalanguageyouarefluentin.Throughtheexchangeofletters,younotonlygettopractiseyourwritingskillsbutcanalsoprovidefeedbacktoeachother.___39___A.Tellthemaboutyourdayordescribehowyoufeel.B.Ifwatchingcartoonsisnotyourcupoftea,fearnot.C.Plus,everyonegetsafriendthroughaforeignstamp.D.Socanforeignspeakersgainfluencywithinweeksormonths?E.Understandingofthefilmsandshowsdependsheavilyonsubtitles.F.Instead,astepdowntheladderwouldbetowatchchildren’scartoons.G.Butitisunrealistictoexpectmasteryofanewtonguesimplythroughtheiruse.【答案】35.G36.F37.B38.A39.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习一门新语言的方法。【35题详解】根据上文“Thereisnodoubtthatlanguagelearningappshavebenefitsasasupplement(补充)toformaleducation.”（毫无疑问，语言学习应用程序作为正规教育的补充是有好处的）以及下文“Her