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ThehistoricalbackgroundofJohnKennedy’sinauguraladdressAbstract

WhenKennedydeliveredhisinauguraladdress,thestrengthofSovietuniongrewinU.S.-Soviethegemony(美苏争霸),movementofAfricanAmericancivilrightswashot,andAmericawasinthefourtheconomiccrisisafterthewar.Atthistime,therewasaseriousconflictbetweentherichandthepoor.Ingeneralelection,Kennedyproposedthestrategyofdevelopmentofscienceandeconomy,andadvocatedpeaceintworelationships.Sincehewasyoungandprestigious,Americanvotedforhimoneafteranother.Internationalsituation

Part01ColdWar

ThestrengthofSovietuniongrewinU.S.-Soviethegemony,thegapbetweenTheUSandTheSUwasnarrower,theUnitedStateswasatadisadvantageinitsrivalrywiththeSovietunion.Transformed“containmentpolicy”(遏制政策)intheeasternEuropeinto"emancipationpolicy."(解放政策)TheEisenhower(艾森豪威尔主义)proposedtocontendwiththeSovietunioninthestruggleforthesovereigntyinthethirdworld.TherecoveryanddevelopmentofeconomyinWesternEuroperesultedinthereinforcementofindependencefromtheUnitedStates.TheunityofthewesternworldledbytheUnitedStatesbegantosplit.Theunitedsocialistcampdisappeared.

Khrushchev(赫鲁晓夫)adoptedanactivehegemonypolicy.Aflexibleattitudeonnucleartestanddisarmamentissues.EasternEuropeancountrieswantedtogetridofSovietcontrol.TherapidgrowthofWesternEuropeandJapan,andtheroseofAsiaandAfrica,frustratedAmerica'sglobalexpansion.USARussiaDomesticpoliticsPart02Duetotheprogressofindustrialization,alargenumberofthemflowedintocities.African-AmericanswerethelargestethnicgroupintheUnitedStates,theyhavesufferedfromracialdiscriminationinlongtimeandpositionedatthebottomclassofsociety.Theissueoftheirstatuswasbecominganationalproblem.African-AmericanCivilRightsMovement(1955-1968)EconomyPart03

TheUnitedStateshaditsfourthpost-warrecession.DollarcrisisappearedatfirstinFebruaryof1960.Thesubstantialdepreciationofthedollar,thecyclicaldownturnineconomyinUS,severelyhitthe"threepillars"inU.S.economicindustry,theyweresteelindustry,automobileindustryandconstructionindustry,agriculturalcrisiswasalsodeepeningatthesametime.dilemmaraiseinterestratesanddeflatethecurrencyitwouldworsentheovercapacitycrisislowerinterestratesandinflationitwouldexacerbatethedollarcrisisABPeacestrategyPart04

Asthenumberofinternationalcommunistmovementwasontherise,TheSovietunionpushedforwardGlobalhegemonystrategy,buttheUnitedStateswasintheVietnamwar.Therefore,Sovietunionexpendeditssphereofinfluence,finallymadethecontrastbetweentheUnitedStatesandthestrengthcontrastoftwosideschanged.Kennedy'speacestrategywasbasedonmilitarystrength,proposingtheimprovementofstatusofthewesternAlliesbyapeacefulway.IntherelationshipwiththeSovietunionandothersocialistcountries,theywouldpromotethe"peacefu