第08讲 介词-【暑假自学课】2023年新七年级英语暑假课 （原卷版）

第页第08讲介词衔接导图衔接导图温故知新温故要点温故知新用at/in/on填空_______theevening,Idomyhomework.Ioftengotobed_______nineo'clock.【答案】Inat【思路解析】intheevening是固定词组,表示“在晚上”;表示在某个具体时刻,用at.回顾总结inonat表示某一年份、季节、月份或者一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后)表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上午、下午或晚上表示在某个时刻或瞬间衔接知新知识清单介词,是一种虚词,不能独立使用,一般置于名词或代词之前.如:at,in,on等.它常和名词或名词性短语构成介词短语.介词短语可以在句中作状语、表语、后置定语、宾语补足语,同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义.1.方位介词in,on,at,under的用法inonatunder指在某个空间内部通常指一个人或物在另一个物体的上面,两者之间有接触面表示在某个具体的场所或地点常指一个人或物体在另一个人或物体的垂直下方,两者之间没有接触2.at和in的其他用法(1)表示动作的方向、目标,如:Letmelookatthepicture,让我看看这张图.(2)表示用某种方式,如:What'sthisinEnglish?这个用英语怎么说?(3)表示穿着、戴着,如:Helenisinyellow,海伦穿着黄色的衣服.(4)表示在·-方面,如:HeisweakinEnglish.他在英语方面很弱.3.by,for,of,to,with等介词的用法这些常见介词的用法有很多,在此我们仅列举以下几个主要用法by表示“在”旁”“到·时候”“以方式”,for表示“为,对于,替”“由于”“给某人用”;of表示“······的,属于······的”“想到,谈到”“数量”“由······制成”;to表示“到,往,向”“时间、数量,到······为止”“向,对,给”;with表示“和,与”“伴随状态＂.过关检测典题精讲过关检测例2在横线上填入恰当的介词Heputupamap_______thewall,becausetherewasahole(洞)_______it.【答案】onin【思路解析】句意:他在墙上贴了一张地图,因为它上面有一个洞.on在物体的表面,in在物体的内部;“在墙上贴了一张地图”,是指在墙的表面上;“上面有一个洞”,是指在墙的内部.走出误区部分同学认为“墙上有个洞”要用on,这说明对介词on和in的用法理解有误.类似这个知识点的还有:“树上有许多苹果”要用on,“树上有许多鸟”要用in.例3用“_______”画出下面句子中的错误,并改正Maryoftenhelpshermotherforsomehousework.【答案】for改为:with【思路解析】helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事,一定要牢记介词短语的固定搭配.例4用适当的介词填空HerearesomeTeachers'Daycards_______ourteachers_______ourbestwishes.【答案】forwith【思路解析】句意:这是一些给我们老师的教师节贺卡,它们带着我们美好的祝愿.表示给某人用的,介词用for,表示伴随状况的介词用with.即时演练1.翻译下列词组(1)一个接一个_______(2)从······到······_______(3)在门后_______(4)在周二晚上_______(5)在夜晚_______(6)用钢笔_______(7)在夏季_______(8)在七月_______2.单项选择()(1)TheEnglishteachertoldmetogetthere_______halfpastten.A.ofB.inC.atD.on()(2)Theyoftentalktoeachother_______thephone.A.withB.inC.toD.on()(3)Theyaregettingready_______theparty.A.toB.forC.atD.about()(4)Theshopisopen_______8a.m._______3p.m.everyday.A.from;toB.at;atC.at;toD.from;of3.下列句子中各有一处错误,请找出并改正(1)CanyousayitonEnglish?_______改为:_______(2)Wecanwriteinthepen._______改为:_______(3)Thisisthewayoftheshop._______改为:_______(4)Thereisahousehasabiggarden._______改为:_______领先训练强化基础领先训练1.选词填空(1)Fujianis_______thesoutheastofChina.(in/on/to)(2)Thankyou_______thebeautifulflowers!(of/for/to)(3)Mylittlesisterwasborn_______March,2021.(in/on/at)(4)Idon'tlikethatfilm_______all.(in/of/at)(5)Myparentsarrived_______Shanghai_______9:30_______March5th.(in/at/on)(6)Iusuallygotowork_______bike.(by/on/with)2.英汉互译,完成下列表格英文中文英文中文英文中文擅长ofcourseagreewithsb.等候laughathelpwithleavefor准时athome到达bytheway照顾／照料lookat听hearfrom寻找turnon/off打开／关上迟到lookafter穿上atonce立刻领先巩固3.根据提示完成句子(1)Therearemanyapples_____________________(在树上).(2)Therearemanypeople____________________________(在公共汽车站).(3)Iliketosit_____________________(在太阳下).(4)Doyouliketowalk______________(晚饭后)_____________________(在公园里)?(5)Here'sabirthdaypresent______________(给你).(6)It's___________________________________(一张世界地图).4.单项选择()(1)Isometimeshelpmymumwithherhousework_______Saturdays.A.atB.inC.onD.to()(2)Yousee,Keviniswriting_______hislefthand.A.atB.asC.forD.with()(3)Mr.Green'sofficeis_______the26thfloor.Youcantaketheliftthere.A.atB.inC.onD.for()(4)_______theway,whendowegotothecinema?A.AtB.InC.ByD.On()(5)Hurryup!Thetrainisstarting_______fiveminutes.A.atB.inC.onD.for()(6)Wecannotlive_______water.A.withB.byC.forD.without()(7)Thebasketballis_______thebed.A.underB.atC.inD.with()(8)-Canyoutellmetheway_______thelibrary?-Sure.A.fromB.inC.ofD.to培优挑战5.选择适当的介词填空,每个词只能用一次frominatofwithfortoatMr.Readworks(1)anoffice.Everymorning,hehasbreakfast(2)hiswifeat7:30,readshisnewspaper,drinksacup(3)coffeeandthenleaveshishouse(4)8o'clocktowork.Onemorning,heissitting(5)thebreakfasttableandreadinghisnewspaperat8:15.Hedoesn'tliketohurry,soheaskshiswife(6)anothercupofcoffee.“Anothercup?”Sheasks.“Butaren'tyougoing(7)theofficetoday?”“Theoffice?"hesaysandlooksup(8)hisnewspaper,“IthinkIamintheoffice!”中考链接1.(2022·山东济南·统考中考真题)WorldBookDayis________April23everyyear.中考链接A.on B.in C.at D.by2.(2022·北京·统考中考真题)Wehavehistoryclass________threeo’clockeveryFridayafternoon.A.at B.on C.in D.to3.(2022·四川雅安·统考中考真题)Iusuallygetup________6:30inthemorning.Andyou?A.at B.on C.in D.for4.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)________spring,thedaysareoftenwindyandbright.It’saperfecttimetoflyakite.A.on B.In C.At D.With5.(2022·湖南怀化·统考中考真题)Mingmingwillhaveaclassmeeting_______3:30thisafternoon.A.on B.in C.at6.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)Father’sDaycomes________Juneeveryyear.A.in B.on C.at D.to7.(2021·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)TheCommunistPartyofChinawillhaveits100thbirthday________July1st,2021.A.in B.on C.for D.at8.(2022·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题)-Whattimedoyouusuallygotobed?-________about9:00.A.At B.In C.On9.(2022·青海·统考中考真题)-Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearestrestroomis?-Go________thehallwayandturnleft,it’sacross________theteachers’office.A.along;from B.to;of C.down;to10.(2022·四川·统考中考真题)Theboywasborn________2014.A.at B.in C.by D.on11.(2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)-MrsWang,whenisWorldReadingDay?-Itis________April23everyyear.A.in B.at C.on D.by12.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)Nowstudentshavemorefreetime________nightbecauseofthe“doublereduction”policy.A.in B.on C.at D.to13.(2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)Eachyear,peoplecelebrateWorldEnvironmentDay________5thJune.A.in B.at C.on D.with14.(2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题)-WorldBookDayis________April23rdeveryyear.-Isee.Morethan100countriesaroundtheworldholdallkindsofreadingactivities.A.at B.in C.on D.by15.(2022·辽宁营口·统考中考真题)SuYiminggothisgoldmedalof2022BeijingWinterOlympics________theafternoonofFebruary15th.A.on B.in C.at D.for16.(2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题)ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms.Xiaoman(alittlefull)usuallyfalls_______May.A.in B.at C.on D.to17.(2022·辽宁·统考中考真题)We’regladtoseethatShenzhou-14roseintothesky________June5,2022.A.in B.at C.on D.to18.(2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题)Mariawentskatingwithherfriendsinthepark________asunnymorning.A.at B.in C.on19.(2022·湖北·统考中考真题)-I’mgoingtoDisneyland________twoweeks.-Wow,soundslikefun！A.to B.in C.at D.on20.(2022·河北·统考中考真题)Look!Thefishisswimmingfast________theriver.A.at B.in C.of D.by21.(2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题)ShenzhouXIIIcamebacktoEarthsafely________April16th,2022.A.at B.on C.in22.(2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)-Whattimedoesthelibraryopeninthemorning?-Itopens________9a.m.A.in B.on C.at D.between23.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题)We’llcelebratethe100thbirthdayoftheChineseCommunistParty