英语外研复习教案：UnitGretscientists

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精［话题素材]好词1．achievementn。功绩；成就2．ambitionn.雄心；抱负3．breakthroughn。突破；重大进展4．contributionn.贡献5．energeticadj。精力旺盛的6．creativeadj.有创造力的7．bedevotedto致力于；专心于8．behonoredas被誉为……9．begiftedat对……有天赋10．beskilledinsth。在……方面熟练11．graduatefrom从……毕业12．makegreatcontributionsto对……做出巨大贡献13．makeeffortsto_dosth。努力做某事14．regard.。.as...认为……是15．setagoodexampleto为……做出好榜样佳句1．Heisconsideredasaninspiringleaderandpeoplehavecometolovehim。作为一个鼓舞人心的领导，人们已经开始喜欢他了。2．Itistheperfectinventionforthosepeoplewhoareunwillingtowearahelmetwhile_ridingbikes。对于那些不愿戴头盔骑自行车的人来说，这是一个完美的发明。3．Clearly,everygrown.uptodaywouldunderstandtheworldhelivesinmuchbetterifheknewsomethingaboutphysics.如果每一个成年人懂得一些物理知识，无疑地他会更好地理解自己所生活着的这个世界。[精美语篇］StephenHawkingisoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworldasaresultofhisscientificdiscoveries.HewasbornandbroughtupinacatedfamilyinOxford。HegraduatedfromOxfordUniversity。Inthe1960s，hewasdiagnosedwithmotorneuronedisease.Thoughhecouldn'tmoveandcouldn’tspeak，hestillspoketoothersthroughaspecialcomputeranddidn’tgiveuphisresearch.Heworkedhardandalwayskepthimselfreadingbooksforhours.Hewroteaboutblackholesinspace.HisbookABriefHistoryofTimewaspublishedin1988andisstillabest.seller.Hisdevotiontosciencehasconvertedavictimwithphysicaldisabilityintoaleadingfigureinscience。高频单词1．figure(n。)人物;形象;数字2．publish（vt。)出版；发行3．support(vt.＆n。）支持；赡养4．replace（vt.）取代；以……代替5．quality（n.)质量6．escape（vi。）逃跑;逃避7．straight（adj。）直的；坦率的8．producer（n.）生产者→produce（vt.)生产→production(n。)产量9．leading(adj.)主要的→lead（vt。)领导；引导→leader（n.）领导；领袖10．educate（vt.）教育→educator（n.)教育家;教育工作者→education(n。）教育11．original（adj.）原来的；最初的→origin(n.）起源12．export(vt。)出口→import(vt.）进口13．brief（adj。）简短的；简洁的→briefly(adv.）简短地;简洁地14．physical(adj。）身体的；物理学的→physically（adv。)身体上地15．graduate(vi。）毕业；(n。）毕业生→graduation（n。）毕业重点短语1．bring_up培养；养育2．as_a_result_of由于……的结果3．be_known_for因……而出名/闻名4．earn_one's_living谋生5．come_to_power掌权6．bring_in引进；带来7．o.。。把……转化为……8．be_diagnosed_with.。.被诊断为……病9．the_key_to_doing_sth.做某事的关键10．experiment_with..。对……进行实验热点句型1．keep＋宾语＋v。.ing（作宾语补足语）Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeep_the_rocket_movinginastraightdirection.(教材P39）这些管子被绑到一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进.2．noteverybody表示部分否定Butnot_everybodywantedtouserocketsinbattles.（教材P39)但并不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。3．现在分词短语充当结果状语Orwashecarriedmilesintospace,becoming_the_worlDs_first_astronaut？(教材P39)或者是他被送入了太空,成为了世界上第一个宇航员?4．现在分词短语充当原因状语Moving_in_a_wheelchair_and_speaking_through_a_special_computer，_hehasbecomethevoiceofscience。(教材P37)靠轮椅来移动并且通过特殊的电脑讲话，他已经成为了科学界的权威。5．thekeyto。.。“……的关键”to为介词Hethoughtthatthe_key_tofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly。（教材P32）他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米,并且能更快地生产出来。教材复现在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Fromanearlyagehewas________（interest）inplants.答案:interested2．Andthenhecouldproduceanewplant________couldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.答案：which3．Theresearch________（support)bythegovernment.答案：wassupported4．InPakistanriceisthe________(two)mostimportantcropafterwheatandwill________（grow)inmanypartsofthecountry。答案：second；begrown5．________aresultofYuanLongping’sdiscoveriesChinesericeproductionrose________47.5percentin________1990's。答案：As；by；the6．Perhapssomeofthetubesjumpedoutofthefireinsteadof________(explod）init。答案：exploding7．TheChinesediscoveredthatthegas________（escape)fromthetubecouldliftitintotheair.答案：escaping8．Thetubeswereattached________alongstickwhichhelpedkeeptherocketmoving________astraightdirection。答案:to；in9．One________(Italy)scientisteveninventedarocket________couldtraveloverthesurfaceofwaterandhitanenemyship。答案：Italian；which10．Noone________（know)whathappened。答案：knows1supportvt.&n．支持；拥护；支撑；供养Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.（P33）这项研究得到了政府的支持。(1)supportsb。insth。在某方面支持某人supportafamily/oneself养家糊口/自力更生(2)give/lendsupportto支持insupportof支持；拥护①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Moreandmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneyto_supporttheirstudyforthedegree.越来越多的学生利用间隔年来挣钱以支撑学习的费用.②[2013·陕西高考]Thesemeasuresarestronglysupportedbyenvironmentalgroups。这些措施得到了环保组织的强烈支持。③[牛津词典］Onlyafewpeoplespokeinsupportoftheproposal。只有几个人表示支持这一提议。④［牛津词典]Thegovernmentsupportedtheunionsintheirdemandforaminimumwage。政府支持这些工会组织提出的确定最低工资的要求。图解助记⑤写出下列各句中support的意思a．Themiddlepartofthebridgeissupportedbytwohugetowers.________b．Theysupportedusinthestruggleforanincreaseinpay。________c．Herjobisthefamily’sonlymeansofsupport.________答案:a.支撑b．支持,拥护c．赡养，供养2escapevi.＆n．逃跑;逃避；逃脱TheChinesediscoveredthatthegasescapingfromthetubecouldliftitintotheair.(P39)中国人发现从竹筒里漏出的气体能把竹筒送上天.(1)escapefrom...从……逃走escapedoingsth。逃避做某事escapeone'sattention/notice逃过某人的注意（2）haveanarrowescape九死一生makeone'sescape逃脱；逃走①［2013·湖北高考，完形填空］Hisheartbeatwildly，andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunandluckilyescapedthecat’spaws(爪子)．他(老鼠）的心怦怦乱跳,赶紧逃窜，幸运地躲过了那只猫的抓捕.②[2014·山东高考，阅读理解B］Thatparticularday，mybrotherandIsatthroughbothmoviestwice，tryingto_escapetheheat.在那个特殊的日子，我弟弟和我一直坐着把两部电影都看了两遍，试图摆脱(外面的)热浪。③［2014·福建高考］AsCinderellamadeherescape,_ashoegotstuckonthestairs。当辛德拉逃跑时,一只鞋粘在了楼梯上.④［朗文高级辞典］Awomanhadanarrowescapeyesterdaywhenhercarlefttheroad。昨天一名女子驾车时冲出公路,险些丢了性命。⑤[牛津词典］Heescaped_fromprisonthismorning.他今天早上从监狱里逃跑了。⑥[牛津词典］Itmighthaveescapedyournotice,butI'mverybusyatthemoment。也许你没注意到，可我此刻忙得不可开交.3quantityn．数量;大量Ayieldreferstoquantityoffood。（P33）产量指的是粮食的数量。(1)a（large/fair)quantityof大量的＝largequantitiesof大量的，许多的（2）inquantity大量地inquantityandquality在数量和质量上①[2013·重庆高考］Itisfilledwithsymbiotic(共生的)existence，too;unimaginablequantities_ofcreatures，littleandlargealike。它(大西洋）里很多东西共同生长;大量的生物，有大的有小的混合在一起。②[2014·重庆高考，写作］SinceIwasborn,Ihavereceiveda_good_quantity_ofgifts.自从我出生起，我已经收到大量的礼物。③[牛津词典]It'scheapertobuygoodsin_quantity。大宗购物比较便宜。－特别提示－①aquantityof或quantitiesof后既可以接可数名词,也可以接不可数名词；②aquantityof＋n。作主语时，谓语动词常用单数;③quantitiesof＋n。作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。④用所给词的适当形式填空Alargequantityofmoneyhas_been_spent（spend）inbringinguphischildrensofar.＝Largequantitiesofmoneyhave_been_spent（spend）inbringinguphischildrensofar.到目前为止，许多钱花费在抚养他的孩子上。过关演练在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1．［2013·北京高考,阅读理解C］Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorby________(escape）toremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.答案：escaping2．［2014·广东高考,阅读理解C］Eventually,however,Iwonthe________(support)ofmyfamilyandIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication。答案：support3．［2015·四川高考]Nikiisalwaysfullofideas，but________isusefultomyknowledge.答案：none4．［2015·广东高考］Heowned________farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.答案：a5．Cuttingoffthetreesrandomlyand________quantityshouldbeforbidden.答案：in6．Someteenagerstendtoquitwhentheygetintoamess________whichtheycan’tescape。答案:from7．The________（quality)ofourlivesdependsonourinterpersonalrelationshipsincewearesocialbeings.答案：quality8．Education________（convert)himtoalearnedgentleman。答案：hasconverted1earnone's/aliving谋生Hegotajobinanofficetoearnhisliving。（P37)(他）在一间办公室得到一份工作用以谋生。eq\a\vs4\al(earn/makea/one'slivingby/from靠……谋生,earnone’sownliving自食其力,earnafortune/money赚大钱/挣钱）①［2014·湖北高考]Duringtheweeksthatfollowed,welearnedtosurviveinourtruckandliveonthelittlemoneymywifeearnedbysubstituteteaching。在接下来的几周里我们学会了如何在卡车中靠妻子代课挣得的微薄收入生活。②[2013·山东高考,作文]Ononehand,Icanearnsomemoneybydoingittohelpmyparents,andontheotherhand,Icangainsomeexperiencefromit。一方面，我能通过做这样的事赚钱来帮助父母，另一方面，我能从中获得一些经验.③[朗文高级辞典]Youdon'tearnmuchmoneybeinganurse。当护士挣钱并不多.④［朗文高级辞典］Chriswillpay-he’searningafortune.克里斯会付款的，他在挣大钱.2cometo/intopower掌权;上台；执政（He)leftGermanywhenHitlercametopowerandwenttoworkintheUS。（P37）希特勒上台时他离开了德国,到美国工作了。eq\a\vs4\al(inpower当权，takepower当权；执政,beyond/outofone'spower不能胜任，力所不能及，within/inone’spower有能力；力所能及)①［2013·陕西高考]Class，powerandstatusareimportantindecidingpeople'srankinsociety。阶级、权力、地位是决定人们社会等级方面很重要的因素。②[牛津词典]Thepartycame_to_poweratthelastelection。这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。③Itisnotwithinmypower。我是爱莫能助啊。－特别提示－cometopower与beinpower都表示“掌权”,但前者表示动作，不能与时间段连用，后者表示状态，可以与时间段连用。④Thepresentgovernmenthasbeeninpowerfortwoyears。＝Thepresentgovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.现政府执政两年了。过关演练选词填空inpower；earna/one'sliving；earnone’sownliving;thekeyto；cometopower;bringin；bringup；bediagnosedwith1．[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解A]I've________bylookingforthebestdealsandexposingtheworsttricks。答案:earneda/myliving2．Thegovernment________isdevotedtotheimprovementofeducation.答案：inpower3．[2011·辽宁高考，单项填空］Youareoldenoughto________.答案：earnyourownliving4．［北师大①－1]Beinghappyis________afun.filledlife。答案：thekeyto5．［2015·重庆高考]Atthirteen,I________akindofattentiondisorder.答案：wasdiagnosedwith6．They’ve________someexpertstoadviseontheproject。答案：broughtin7．Thisistheplacewherethewriterwasbornand________。答案:broughtup8．Assoonastheirparty________，theychangedthelaw.答案:cametopower1Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeep_the_rocket_movinginastraightdirection。（P39）这些管子被绑到一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。eq\x（本句中包含句型keepsb。/sth。doingsth。“让某人一直做某事”。)keep用于复合结构时，其宾语补足语可以是介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词等.但高考主要考查分词,其用法如下：(1）keep＋宾语＋过去分词，过去分词和宾语构成被动关系。(2）keep＋宾语＋现在分词，现在分词和宾语构成主动关系.①［2014·天津高考，完形填空］Thequestionkeptmewonderingfortherestofthenight。Irealizedthetoughdecisionsadultshadtomake。这个问题让我接下来的整个晚上一直在想。我意识到了大人们必须要做的艰难的决定。②［2013·湖北高考］WhenIworkonthefarmlandinthedaytime.Ialwayskeepmysheeptiedtoatreeontheriverbank。白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上.③［牛津词典］Haveanappletokeepyougoingtilldinnertime.吃个苹果就能挨到吃晚饭了。④[朗文高级辞典]Thepoliceputupbarrierstokeepthecrowdsback.警方设置了障碍物来挡住人群。2Butnot_everybodywantedtouserocketsinbattles.(P39）但并不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。eq\x(句中noteverybody表示部分否定。)(1)否定副词not与表示整体或全部意义的词every，everyone，everything,everybody，both，all连用时,表示部分否定，也称半否定.意为“并不都，不全是”。（2）若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。如all—none(一个也没有，没有任何东西),both—neither(两个都不），every-no，everyone—noone/nobody，everything—nothing等。①［2013·大纲全国卷］It'saneither。orsituation－wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdoboth。只能二选一，我们或者今年买新车，或者去度假，但不能两者都做.②[朗文高级辞典］It'seithermeorher。Youcan’thaveitbothways。要么我，要么她，你不可能两个人都要。③［朗文高级辞典］Not_everyoneenjoyssport。并不是谁都喜欢体育运动的。过关演练完成句子1．[2013·安徽高考]Youcanevenhelpto________________byrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway。通过回收电池而不是扔掉它们，你甚至能帮助保持我们的水源干净。答案：keepourwatersupplyclean2．[2011·重庆高考］MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedto__________________hisowndreams。迈克尔在床边挂了一张姚明的照片以便时刻提醒自己记得自己的梦想.答案：keephimselfremindedof3．I____________of