16.语法综合练习语篇填空题-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车

第页第16第16讲：语法综合练习语篇填空题1考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接1 语法综合过关测试说明:本测试题共10套语篇语法综合填空题，每题1分，试题由名校老师撰稿，部分试题有一定难度，供参考、选用。语法填空测试题1题源：CNN14岁以下抖音用户全部进入青少年模式新闻背景：为进一步加大青少年保护力度，抖音宣布了将实施平台史上最严格的青少年保护措施，14岁以下实名认证用户将直接进入青少年模式，每天只能使用40分钟，每天晚上10点至次日6点也无法使用。TheChineseversionofTikTokisintroducinga"teenagemode"___1___willlimittheamountoftimechildrenundertheageof14spendontheshort-formvideoappto40minutesaday.Themeasurewillapply___2___allDouyinusersundertheageof14whohaveregisteredfortheappusing___3___(they)realnames,Beijing-basedByteDanceannouncedinastatementonSaturday.Douyinwillalsobeunavailabletothoseusersbetween10p.m.and6a.m.,___4___ownerofTikTokandDouyinadded.Thecompanyalsourgedparents___5___(help)theirchildrenregisterwithrealnames,orotherwisemanuallyenable"teenagemode."Theappalsosaiditwouldintroducenewcontent—rangingfromscience___6___(experiment)andmuseumstoartgalleryexhibitionand___7___(nature)scenery—to"inspire"youngerteens.___8___(limit)usageofDouyinisa"proactivemeasure"byByteDancetogetaheadofpotentialregulation.The___9___(decide)couldpushotherInternetplatformswithshortvideocontenttolookatimplementing(实行)similarrestrictions.DouyinopponentKuaishou—which___10___(back)byTencent(TCEHY)—introducedasimilarsettingforminorsin2019.答案解析1.that/which考查定语从句。因先行词为teenagemode，指事物，用that/which引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。2.to考查介词。applyto...应用于……。3.their考查代词。theirrealnames他们的真实名字。4.the考查冠词。表示特指，用定冠词。5.tohelp考查非谓语。urgesb.todo...敦促某人做……。6.experiments考查名词复数。单数可数名词前没有a、this、that等限定词，考虑用复数。根据文意多次科学实验，用复数形式。7.natural考查词类转换。naturalscenery自然风景。名词转换为形容词，作定语。8.Limiting/Tolimit考查非谓语。作主语，用ing形式或动词不定式。9.decision考查词类转换。动词转换为名词作主语。10.isbacked考查被动语态。bebackedby由……支持。语法填空测试题2题源：VOA你瞅啥？机器人的凝视影响人类行为新闻背景：来自意大利理工学院（ItalianInstituteofTechnology）的研究人员研究了类人机器人的凝视（相互的或回避的）是否会对人们在社会决策环境中进行战略推理的方式产生影响。ARobot’sGazeCanAffecttheHumanBrainHaveyouevermadeeyecontactwitharobot?Itcanbeaverystrangeexperience.Now,researchersattheIstitutoItalianodiTecnologia(IIT)inItalyhavefoundthatitismorethanjustafeeling.Theyrananexperiment___1___showedhowarobot'sgaze（凝视）cantrickpeopleintothinkingtheyare___2___(social)interactingwithahumanbeing.Thatexperiencecanslowaperson's___3___(able)tomakedecisions.Theteamasked40peopletoplayavideogameof"chicken."Inthegame,eachplayerhadtodecidewhether___4___(permit)acartodrivestraighttowardanothercar___5___toturntoavoidacrash.Thepeoplewereplayingagainstahuman-likerobot___6___(sit)acrossfromthem.During___7___(break)inthegame,playershadtolookattherobot.Sometimestherobotwouldlookbackandothertimesitwouldlookaway.Astheinteractionshappened,thescientistscollecteddataonbehaviorandbrainactivity.Theresultsshowthatthehumanbrainprocessestherobotgazeasasocialsignal,which___8___(have)animpactonthewaywe'remakingdecisions___9___thestrategieswedeployinthegameandalsoonourresponses.Thefindingscouldbevery___10___(use)inhelpingtodecidewhereandhowhuman-likerobotsmightbeplacedinthefuture.答案解析1.that/which考查定语从句。因先行词为experiment，指事物，所以用that/which引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。2.socially考查词类转换。修饰动词interact，用副词作状语。3.ability考查词类转换。abilitytodo...做……的能力。名词作宾语。4.topermit考查非谓语。"疑问词+todo“，在本句中作宾语。5.or考查连词。whether...or...是……还是……。6.sitting考查非谓语。现在分词作后置定语，修饰robot。7.breaks考查名词复数。break为可数名词，意为”休息，间歇“。单数可数名词前无限定词，考虑填复数。8.has考查时态和主谓一致。因which指代socialsignal，是单数，所以在一般现在时中用has。9.on考查介词。decisionon...对……作出决定。10.useful考查词类转换。形容词作表语。语法填空测试题3题源：VOA疫情肆虐，美国学校园艺流行新闻背景：美国在冠状病毒健康危机期间，学校园艺变得非常流行，家庭和教师表示，学校的实践课可以用来教授许多科目。SchoolGardeningBecomesMorePopularinUSSchoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopularduringthecoronavirushealthcrisis,withfamiliesandteacherssayingitshands-onlessonscan___1___(use)toteachmanyubjects.Findingthemoneytokeepaschoolgarden___2___(go)canbetough.Someexpertsandteachers,however,arefinding___3___(create)waystomakeitwork.SusanHobartisa___4___(retire)elementaryschoolteacheratLakeViewElementarySchoolinMadison,WisconsinSheoverseestheschool'slargegardenwith12raisedbeds."Gardensareagreatwaytogetkidsoutsidewithapurpose.Withgardens,kidsgettoseeabeginning,amiddleand___5___endtotheirproject,withtangibleresults,"shesaid.Tangiblemeans___6___(easy)seenorrecognized.TobyAdamsdirectstheNewYorkBotanicalGarden'sEdibleAcademy,___7___schoolchildrenlearnaboutgrowingfood.Adamssaidthatinterest___8___schoolgardensincreasedafterMichelleObamaplantedagardenattheWhiteHouseandinvitedschoolchildrentohelp.Adamsaddedthatthere___9___(be)anotherincreaseininterestsincethecoronavirushealthcrisisstarted."Givingkidstheopportunity___10___(move)outside,gettheirhandsdirty,andfindworms,especiallyiftheirteachersareexcitedaboutit—that'shuge,"Adamssaid.答案解析1.beused考查被动语态。因实践课是“被用来”教授许多科目的，用被动语态。2.going考查非谓语。表示“使……一直做”，为keep...doing。3.creative考查词类转换。creativeways有创意的方式。动词create转换为形容词creative作定语，修饰名词ways。4.retired考查词类转换。retiredelementaryschoolteacher退休小学教师。动词retire(退休)转换为形容词retired（退休的），作定语，修饰名词teacher。5.an考查冠词。本句中end作可数名词，意为“结尾，结束”，与前面的abeginning,amiddle一样都是单数可数名词，加不定冠词，元音前用an。句意：有了花园，孩子们可以看到他们项目的开始、中间和结束，并获得切实的成果。6.easily考查词类转换。修饰动词seenorrecognized，用副词作状语。7.where考查定语从句。因先行词为Academy，指地点，且所填词不充当从句的主语或宾语，所以用where引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。句意：托比·亚当斯（TobyAdams）是纽约植物园食用学院的主任，学生们在那里学习种菜。8.in考查介词。interestin...对……的兴趣。9.hasbeen考查时态。根据时间状语从句sincethecoronavirushealthcrisisstarted(自从冠状病毒健康危机爆发以来)，从过去开始持续到现在，用现在完成时。tomove考查非谓语。theopportunitytodo...做……的机会。动词不定式作后置定语。语法填空测试题4题源：ChinaDaily新闻背景：开学季临近云南一高校为准大学生们准备了一份特殊的礼物“大象驾驶证”那么，有了“大象驾驶证”，是不是就可以骑大象呢？原来，这是该校的文创产品。亚洲象是我国一级重点保护野生动物，在云南省仅有300多头。亚洲象稀有且凶猛，不仅不能骑，而且还要保护好它们。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AcollegeinSouthwestChina'sYunnanprovincehaspresentedsomenewstudents___1___"elephantridinglicenses"thisfallasapromotionforwildlifeprotection.Thelicense,___2___(gift)byYunnanPolytechnicCollege,hasthedriver'sinformationontheleftpageandtheelephant'sinformationattheright.Eachelephanthas___3___(it)ownlocalname,suchas"Shaobaogu","Shaoerkuai"and"Xiaoyangyu",mostof___4___arealsonamesoffood.Thelicensealso___5___(have)descriptionsof"offenses"thatleadto"pointsdeductions(扣分)",suchas"drunkdriving","runningredlights","eatingtreesinthegreenbelt"and"usingaphonewhileriding".CollegeauthoritiessaidthatwildAsianelephantsare___6___(naiton)first-classprotectedanimals.Notonlyshouldstudentsnever___7___(actual)attempttoridetheseelephants,buttheyalsoshouldstrivetoprotecttheseendangered___8___(creature).Awanderingelephantherdhasfinallyfinisheditsnorthboundtrip,returningtoitsnaturalhabitatinMojiangcountyinYunnan'sPu'ercityafter___9___(travel)over1,300kilometers.Theherdbecameinternationalstarsintheprocessandraisednationwide___10___(aware)ofwildlifeprotection.答案解析：1.with考查介词。presentsb.withsth.把…交给；颁发；授予（=presentsth.tosb.）2.gifted考查非谓语。gift一般作名词，意为“礼物”或“天赋”等。但本句中gift作动词，意为“白送（togivesthtosbwithouttheirhavingtomakeanyefforttogetit）。本句已有谓语动词has，且与所填词之间没有连词，判定填非谓语。因license是“被赠送”的，用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。3.its考查代词。表示“它的”，用物主代词its。4.which考查定语从句。还原从句：mostofthenamesarealsonamesoffood.因先行词为names，指事物，用which引导非限制性定语从句。5.has考查时态。因主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词相应用have的第三人称单数形式has。6.national考查词类转换。nationalfirst-classprotectedanimals国家一级保护动物。修饰名词animals，用形容词作定语。7.actually考查词类转换。修饰动词attempt，用副词作状语。8.creatures考查名词复数。因有these修饰，用名词复数形式。9.traveling考查非谓语。afterdoing...做了……之后。因动作由句子主语主动执行，用ing形式作状语，表主动。10.awareness考查词类转换。awareness[əˈweənəs]n.意识;了解。raiseawareness提高意识。用名词作宾语。句意：在这一过程中，象群成为了国际明星，并在全国范围内提高了野生动物保护意识。语法填空测试题5题源：VOA网站西伯利亚发现数万年前冰冻幼狮，仍栩栩如生新闻背景：在西伯利亚永久冻土层中发现的一只近2.8万年前的洞穴狮子幼崽，保存得非常完好，你仍然可以看清它的每一根胡须。全球变暖使冻土层融化，尸体也就展现在人们的面前。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ScientistssaytheremainsofayounglionfoundinRussiain2018are28,000yearsoldand___1___excellentcondition.Theysaythelionbaby,orcub,maystillholdsomeof___2___(it)mother'smilkinsideit.Thecubwasafemalecavelion.ResearchersnamedherSparta.Herremains___3___(discover)inpermanentlyfrozengroundattheSemyuelyakhRiverinRussia'sYakutiaarea.Theremainsofanotherancientcavelionhadbeenfoundnearbyin2017.ItwasamalethatresearchersnamedBoris.Thefindingswerepartofastudy___4___(publish)inthejournalQuaternary.Thecubswerefound15metersfromeachother.But,thescientistssaidmany___5___(generation)separatedthem.TheresearchshowedthatBorislivedaround43,448yearsago.Spartawassowellpreserved___6___itstillhaditsfur,organsandskeleton.Thescientistshopetofind___7___(evident)ofmother'smilkinsideSpartainordertolearn___8___cavelionsate.SimilarfindsinRussia'slargerSiberianarea___9___(increase)inrecentyears.ClimatechangeiswarmingtheArctic___10___(fast)thantherestoftheworld.Thatincreaseintemperaturehasmeltedthegroundinsomeareasthatwerepermanentlyfrozen.答案解析1.in考查介词。inexcellentcondition状态良好。2.its考查代词。用its表示“它的”，指代“幼狮的”。3.werediscovered考查被动语态。因幼狮是“被发现”的，用被动语态，主语remains(遗体；遗骸)是复数，用were。(关于本题主谓一致问题，通过文章首句的are可推知用复数。)4.published考查非谓语。astudypublishedinthejournalQuaternary发表在《第四纪》杂志上的一项研究。句中已有谓语动词were且与所填词之间没有连词，可知填非谓语。用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。5.generations考查名词复数。many后用复数名词。6.that考查状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……。句意：斯巴达保存得如此完好，以至于它仍然有皮毛、器官和骨骼。7.evidence考查词类转换。evident[ˈevɪdənt]adj.清楚的，显然的。evidence[ˈevɪdəns]n.证据。形容词转换为名词作宾语。8.what考查名词从句。whatcavelionsate洞穴狮子吃的东西。what意为“……的东西”，在及物动词learn后引导宾语从句，并在从句中作ate的宾语。9.haveincreased考查时态。inrecentyears近年来。表示动作从几年前持续到现在，用现在完成时。主语为finds(发现物)，是复数名词，所以用have而不用has。句意：近年来，在俄罗斯较大的西伯利亚地区也有类似的发现。10.faster考查比较等级。根据than可知用比较级。句意：气候变化使北极变暖的速度比世界其他地区都快。语法填空测试题6题源：VOA网站海冰融则帝企绝新闻背景：美国一项研究结果表明，随着全球气温持续变暖，南极海冰消融的速度逐渐加快，帝企鹅(Emperorpenguin)的生存空间不断遭受挤压。如果此现象一直得不到有效遏制的话，那么预估到

2100

年，绝大部分的帝企鹅族群将走向灭绝。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MeltingIceThreatensEmperorPenguinEnvironmentClimatechangeisthreateningtheseaiceenvironmentofEmperorpenguins.Anewstudysuggeststhat98%ofEmperorpenguingroupsmaybepushedcloseto___1___(extinct)bytheyear2100.Andabout70%oftheirgroups___2___(be)indangerby2050.___3___researchwaspublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiology.Emperorpenguinsneedsecureseaicetoreproduce,tofeedandtomolt.Moltingisthereplacementoftheiroldfeatherswithnew___4___(one).Thenewstudylookedatoverallwarmingdevelopmentsandtheincreasinglikelihoodofextremeweatherchangesbecauseofglobalwarming.Thestudynotedthat___5___(extreme)lowlevelsofseaicein2016ledtoalargereproductionfailureofanEmperorpenguingroupinAntarctica'sHalleyBay.Thatyear,___6___(season)seaicebrokeup___7___youngpenguinshadtimetodevelopwaterproof(防水的)adultfeathers.About10,000babybirdsdrowned.Thegroupdidnotrecoverafterward.Emperorpenguinsaretheworld's___8___(large)penguins.Therearecurrentlybetween625,000and650,000ofthemworldwide.Thepenguinssurviveby___9___(gather)ingroupsofseveralthousandbirds.Buttheycannotsurvive___10___enoughseaice.答案解析1.extinction考查词类转换。bepushedclosetoextinction被推向灭绝的边缘。2.willbe考查时态。因是2050年的事情，用一般将来时。3.The考查冠词。特指上句讲到的研究，表示特指，用定冠词。4.ones考查代词。指代名词复数feathers，相应的代词也用复数ones。5.extremely考查词类转换。extremelylow极低的。修饰形容词low，用副词作状语。6.seasonal考查词类转换。seasonalseaice季节性海冰。修饰名词短语seaice，用形容词作定语。7.before考查连词。表示“在……之前，还没来得及”，用before。句意：那一年，季节性海冰在小企鹅还不来得及长出防水的成年羽毛之前就已经融化了。8.largest考查比较等级。表示“最大的”，用最高级。9.gathering考查非谓语。bydoing通过做……。介词后用动词ing形式。10.without考查介词。根据句意“但如果没有足够的海冰，它们就无法生存”，用without表示“如果没有”。语法填空测试题7Theoriginsofthemusicareasinterestingasthemusic1.Jazz2(invent)byAmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,3werebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersand 4(force)toworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.5aNegrodies,6friendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremony 7theyburiedhim.Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremonythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic 8（suit)forthesituation.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Death9(remove)oneoftheirmembers,but10livingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.1．itself．考查反身代词。句意：音乐的起源和音乐本身一样有趣令人有趣。2．wasinvented。jazz是过去被黑人发明的，所以用一般过去时的被动语态：3．who．引导一个定语从句，指代前面的AmericanNegroes，orblacks，在从句中作主语。4．forced．与前面的“theyweresold并列，省略了theywere：5．When．引导一个时间状语从句。6．his．根据这句话的最后一个单词him可以得知答案：7．before．仪式是在埋葬死人之前举行的，所以用before：8．suitable．(be)suitblefor固定搭配，形容词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的slow,solemnmusic。9．hadremoved．因为remove这个动作发生在过去动作changed,1ifted，washappy，wereglad等的前面，所以要过去完成时。10．the．the十adj．表——类人，theliving指“活着的人”。语法填空测试题8Yearsago,IworkedwiththeNotcoCompanyastheheadofthedesigningdepartment.Oneofthebestdesigners31(call)SteveKing,32wascleverandhard-wolfing.Wedidn'tknowhiscareer33onedaywhenhehad34accident.Hislegswere35(bad)hurtandhewasThenhetoldthedoctorhissecret36hewasawoman.37hadpretendedtobeaman38(get)ajobsheliked.ThatnightwhenIwenttovisither,Ifoundhersecret.ThenextdaythecompanyheldameetingabouttheproblemofMsKing.39thecompanyhadneverhadwomen40(engine)working,wefinallydecidedtoletherstay.Fromthenon,morewomenworkerswereemployedbytheNotcoCompany.31．wascalled32．who33．until34．an35．badlv36．that37．She38．toget39．Though／Although40.engineers31.wascalled．纵观全句，此处缺谓语动词，且主语exam与change构成被动，故用一般过去时的被动语态：32．who．引导一个定语从句，做从句的主语：33．until．此处为notuntil的句型：34。an．表泛指．且后为元音发音开头：35。badlly。修饰动词hurt用副词：36。that．引导同位语从句，解释secret的内容。37。She．由句意可知。此处需填代词做主语，且应是she才可假装man：38．toget．不定式表目的：39．Though／Although．引导让步状语从句。此句意为：尽管公司从来没有女工程师工作(的先例)，我们最后还是决定让她留下。40．engineers工程师：women要修饰复数名词。语法填空测试题9Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereis31mixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisis32therearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,more33(disagree)ininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizations34differentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertolerancein35(mix)societies.36thesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,thereare37(few)occasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecause38seemstobethesame.And39conditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,40areatleastcustomaryanddoubtless.31．a32．that33．disagreements34．with35．mixed36．All37．fewer38．everything39．although40．they本文讲的是不同种类的人融合在一起的社会较人们在许多方面具有相似观点的社会变化更快：31．a．指“一种”有各种不同人的混合型社会：32．that在thereasonfor／why…isthat…句型中，习惯上用that引导表语从句：33．disagreements．在thereare后与ideas并列一定是名词，且也要用复数表示“不同意见”：34．With．指“具有”不同信仰的群体或组织：35．mixed．因societies与1TIIX在被动关系，用动词的．ed形式作定语，表示“混合的”。36．All．指上述提到的“所有”这些因素都会促使社会变化：37．fewer．指在“人们在许多方面具有相似观点的社会”较在“不同人混合的社会里”，人们觉得有必要改变的机会“更少”。