2021-2022学年必修三Unit3Theworldofscience课时作业2

Unit3Theworldofscience课时作业第一节、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AFtheArtWorldCompetition·Prize--Thewinnerofeachtypewillgetthechancetodisplay（展示）theirartworksinaweek-longexhibition（展览会）inChelsea，NewYork.·Eligibility--Opentoartistsallovertheworld.·EntryFee（参赛费）--$24foramaximumof3submitted（提交的）photos.·DateofExhibition--From25thAprilto2ndMay.FtheArtWorldisaninternationalartcompetitionorganizedbywhichisquiteunusual，comparedtoothercompetitions.Theartworksarenotjudgedonthebasisofcreativityandskill.Instead，they'rejudgedbythedepthofthesubjectmatter.Thesubjectthisyearis“ACompetitionAboutChange"，whereartistscantryandshowhowthey'dliketochangehumanityinagoodway.Notes·Forthiscompetition，therearethreetypesforsubmissions，namely:streetart，fineart，anddigitalart.·EachtypewillhaveawinneraschosenbytheorganizersandallthewinnerswillhavethewonderfulchancetoexhibittheirworksattheUnarthodoxGalleryinNewYorkinaweek-longexhibition.·Allthewinnerswillalsoreceive100%ofthesalepricewhenanyoftheirartworksaresold！·Winnerswillalsobedisplayedonthewebsiteandtheentrants'artworkswillalsobedisplayedintheopeningceremony（仪式）aswell.1.WhatdoweknowaboutaboutFtheArtWorldCompetition？A.Itisacommonartcompetition.B.Itisopentoartistsaroundtheworld.C.Itisanationalartcompetition.D.Itlastsforoveraweek.2.WhichofthefollowingtypecanartistssubmitEXCEPT?A.streetart B.digitalart C.muralart D.fineart3.Whatwillthewinnersget?A.Moneyfromthesaleoftheirartworks.B.Prizemoney.C.Achancetovisitanexhibition.D.Awrittenjudgementoftheirartworks.【参考答案】1~3BCABWeareallbusytalkingaboutandusingtheInternet,buthowmanyofusknowthehistoryoftheInternet?ManypeoplearesurprisedwhentheyfindthattheInternetwassetupinthe1960s.Atthattime,computerswerelargeandexpensive.Computernetworkdidn'tworkwell.Ifonecomputerinthenetworkbrokedown,thenthewholenetworkstopped.Soanewnetworksystemhadtobesetup.Itshouldbegoodenoughtobeusedbymanydifferentcomputers.Ifpartofthenetworkwasnotworking,informationcouldbesentthroughanotherpart.Inthiswaycomputernetworksystemwouldkeeponworkingallthetime.AtfirsttheInternetwasonlyusedbythegovernment,butintheearly1910s,universities,hospitalsandbankswereallowedtouseit,too.However,computerswerestillveryexpensiveandtheInternetwasdifficulttouse.Bythestartof1990s,computersbecamecheaperandeasiertouse.Scientistshadalsodevelopedsoftwarethatmade"surfing"theInterneteasier.Todayitiseasytogeton-lineanditissaidthatmillionsofpeopleusetheInterneteveryday.Sendinge-mailsismoreandmorepopularamongyoungpeople.TheInternethasnowbecomeoneofthemostimportantpartsofpeople'slife.4.HowlonghastheInternetbeenused?A.Forabout10years.B.Forabout30years.C.Forabout40years.D.Forabout60years.5.Whatistrueaboutcomputersinthe1990s?A.Theybecamecheaperandeasiertouse.B.Theybecamelargerandlarger.C.Peoplecouldn'tbuythemanywhere.D.Peoplecouldgetinformationonlyfromthem.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence?A.PeoplewilldiewithouttheInternet.B.Allpeopleshouldsetuptheirownnetwork.C.PeopleliveeasilywithouttheInternet.D.PeoplewillmoreandmoredependontheInternet.7.Whichisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheHistoryoftheInternetB.ComputersandInformationC.ComputersandtheGovernmentD.TheHistoryofComputers【参考答案】4-7DADA第二节、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonewantstobehappyeveryday，butsometimeswecomeacrosssomeproblemswhichmakeusfeelbad.Thereareafewwaysthatwecanusetohelpourselvestobehappiereveryday.Measureyourprogressnotyourdistancetothegoal.Whenlookingatyourgoals，remembertolookathowfaryouhavecometowardsachievingthem.1______.youwillalwayshaveanegativefeeling.Whenyoumeasureyourselfagainstwhereyoustarted，youwillberecognizingyourachievements，andthosedeservetobecelebrated.2______.Expressingyourappreciationforwhatyouhaveisanimportanthappinessstrategy.It'sonethatisworthdoingonadailybasis.Ifyou'rehavingtroublethinkingofthings，youmaybethinkingtoosmall.Youneedtowidenyourview.Youcanthinkaboutnature:thetrees，thesunandthesoundofarunningstream.Youcanalsothinkaboutpeople:familyandfriendswithwhomyouaregratefultohavearelationship.3______.Helpotherpeople.Therearemanybenefitsthatcomefromhelpingothers，whetherhelpingsomeoneyouknoworvolunteeringforacommunity.4______.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhovolunteerlivelonger.Volunteeringisalsoagreattoolinthefightagainstdepressionbecauseit'seasiertotemporarilyforgetyourproblemswhenyouturnyourattentiontotheneedsofothers.Besides，it'sanextremelypleasingactivity.5______andyouwillhaveahappierlife！A.Expressyourthanks.B.You'veprobablyheardthisbefore.C.Weallhavemuchtobegratefulfor.D.Usethesetipsinallareasofyourlife.E.Whenyoumeasureyourselfagainstyourgoals.F.Besuretomakeitadailypracticetocelebrateyourachievements.G.Volunteeringprovestobegoodforyourhealthandyourhappiness.【参考答案】1~5EACGD这是一篇说明文。每个人都想快乐每一天，但有时我们会遇到一些问题，让我们感觉不好。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助我们自己每天都更快乐的方法。1．根据上文“Whenlookingatyourgoals,remembertolookathowfaryouhavecometowardsachievingthem.(当你看你的目标时，记得看你离实现目标有多远)”以及后文“youwillalwayshaveanegativefeeling.Whenyoumeasureyourselfagainstwhereyoustarted,youwillberecognizingyourachievements,andthosedeservetobecelebrated.(你会一直有一种消极的感觉。当你用起点来衡量自己时，你会意识到自己的成就，那些成就值得庆祝)”可知，本句是在说明用目标衡量自己的不同方式，E选项中measureyourselfagainst对应后文中measureyourselfagainst。故E选项“当你用你的目标来衡量自己时”符合语境，故选E。2．根据后文“Expressingyourappreciationforwhatyouhaveisanimportanthappinessstrategy.It’sonethatisworthdoingonadailybasis.Ifyou’rehavingtroublethinkingofthings,youmaybethinkingtoosmall.(对你所拥有的表达你的感激是一个重要的快乐策略。这是一个值得每天去做的事情。如果你在思考问题上有困难，那可能是因为你想的太少了)”可知，后文提到对你所拥有的表达你的感激，即学会感恩，A选项中gratitude对应后文中appreciation。故A选项“列感恩清单”符合语境，故选A。3．根据上文“Youcanalsothinkaboutpeople:familyandfriendswithwhomyouaregratefultohavearelationship.(你也可以想想那些让你感激的人：家人和朋友)”可知，上文提到了想想让你感激的家人和朋友，C选项中begratefulfor对应上文中gratefulto。故C选项“我们都有很多值得感激的”符合语境，故选C。4．根据上文“Therearemanybenefitsthatcomefromhelpingothers,whetherhelpingsomeoneyouknoworvolunteeringforacommunity.(帮助别人有很多好处，无论是帮助你认识的人还是志愿为一个社区服务)”以及后文“Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhovolunteerlivelonger.(研究表明，参加志愿活动的人寿命更长)”可知，上文提到了帮助别人有好处，后文则说参加志愿活动的人寿命更长，可知志愿活动对人的健康有好处，G选项中Volunteering对应上文中volunteering。故G选项“志愿活动被证明对你的健康和幸福有好处”符合语境，故选G。5．根据后文“andyouwillhaveahappierlife!(你会有一个更快乐的生活！)”可知，此处为文章最后一段，应再次呼应文章主题，强调使用这些建议，就会有更快乐的生活。故D选项“在生活的各个方面使用这些建议”符合语境，故选D。第三节：语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyougoouttothefieldsatnightinspringorsummer，youcanhearfrogssinging1_____（happy）hereandthere.Itseemsasiftheywereperformingafieldgroupsinging.Thefrogisagoodandusefulanimalthat2_____（benefit）humanbeings.Theycancatchfast-movinginsects.Eachfrogeatsalargenumberofpests（害虫