自考英语（一）模拟试卷2（共459题）

自考英语（一）模拟试卷2（共9套）（共459题）自考英语（一）模拟试卷第1套一、阅读判断(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)WorriesofWritersItistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore.Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite,itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage.IamsurprisedatthenumberoffamouswritersIknowwhosaythattheysodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers'opinions.Onereasonwemaydislikereadingourownworkisthatwe'reoftendisappointedthattherichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown.JerryFodorandStevenPinkersuggestthatthisfactmaybearesultofhowourmindswork.Differentfrompopularbelief,wedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguagebutinsymbolsforideas[knownas"mentalese"(心理语)].Andwritingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguage.Butwhilementalesecontainsourthoughtsintheformofacomplextapestry(织锦),writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime.Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple.Itisonlybyrepeatedlyrewritingthatweproducenewthreadsandconnectthemtogetclosertotheideasformedinourminds.Whenpeoplewriteasifsomestrictcritics(批评家)arelookingovertheirshoulder,theyaresoworriedaboutwhatthiscriticmightsaythattheygetstuckbeforetheyevenstart.PeterElbowmakesanexcellentsuggestiontodealwiththisproblem.Whenwritingweshouldhavetwodifferentminds.Atthefirststage,weshouldseeeveryidea,aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit,aswonderfulandworthputtingdown.Itisonlyduringrewritesthatweshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses.1、Ifyouwanttocreateabetterwriting,youshouldrewriteformanytimes.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断如果想要写一篇较好的文章是否需要改写很多遍。文章第一段提到“Itistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore”，由此可以判断要想写出好文章，改写很多遍是十分必要的，所以题干中的信息是正确的。2、Whatyouhavewrittenattheearlystageisoftenforgottensothewritersneedtoreaditagainandagain.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：C知识点解析：题干要求判断早期写出的东西是否常常会被忘记所以作家需要反复地读。文章第一段中提到了“Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite，itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage”，意思是“为了激发对改写文章的兴趣，学着喜欢你早期写的东西是很重要的”，但是并没有告诉我们早期写出的东西常常会被忘记，所以作家需要反复地读。因此，无法判断题干是否正确。3、Allthefamouswriterslovereadingtheirownwritingandthepublishers’opinions.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断知名的作家是否都喜欢读自己写的东西和出版商的意见。文章中第二段谈到了这个细节，这些知名作家“sodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers’opinions”，这和题干中的表述正好相反，所以题干是错误的。4、Whenyoufirstbegintowrite,yourmindsandideasseemquitethinandplain.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：隧题干要求判断刚开始写的时候你的想法和观点是否很局限和简单。第二段提到“therichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown”，意思是“在刚开始写的时候，我们脑子中的想法是非常局限和简单的”，所以题干中的信息是正确的。5、Weusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguage,justlikethepopularbelief.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断我们是否像流行观念那样通常用普通语言中的词汇和句子来思考。第三段第一句话就提到“Differentfrompopularbelief，wedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguage”。而题干中的信息是“我们常常用普通语言中的词和句子来思考”，所以题干表述是错误的。6、Whenwewritedownourideas,whatwedoisjustlikeweaving,onethreadatatime.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断当我们把想法记下来时我们所做的是否像织布一样每次一条线。我们可以在第三段中找到原句“writingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguage…writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime”，所以可以判断题干是正确的。7、Ourfirstattemptatexpressingideasisalwaysverycomplex.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断我们第一次尝试表达的观点是否通常都是非常复杂的。第三段讲到了作家创作作品时的思维过程，提到了“Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple”，意思是“因此，我们第一次尝试表达观点应该是很简单的，对此不应该感到吃惊”。所以题干表述是错误的。8、Somestrictcriticsliketolookoverthewriter’sshoulders.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：C知识点解析：题干要求判断一些苛刻的批评家是否喜欢监视作家的写作。最后一段提到了当人们进行写作时“asifsomestrictcriticsarelookingovertheirshoulder”，但是并没有告诉我们这些苛刻的，批评家是否喜欢监视作家的写作，所以无法判断题干是否正确。9、Atthefirststage,thewritersshouldthinkeveryideaandeverywordarewonderfulandworthputtingalldown.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断在第一阶段作家是否应该认为每个想法和每个词语都是很棒的并值得把它们都记录下来。最后一段中作者提到了一个建议，应该把写作分为两个阶段。在第一个阶段，“weshouldseeeveryidea，aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit，aswonderfulandworthputtingdown”，意思是“我们应该认为每个想法，以及我们用来表达这个想法的每个词语都是很棒的，并值得把它们都记下来”，所以题干是正确的。10、Atthesecondstage,thewritersshouldrewriteandputmorenewideasintothewriting.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断在第二个阶段作家是否应该改写文章并在文章中加入更多新的想法。文章最后一句提到，在第二个阶段，“weshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses”，也就是说，我们应该检查第一阶段写的内容和错误的地方，而不用再加入更多新的想法，所以题干是错误的。二、阅读选择(本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。)NaturalFoodsIncreasingly,overthepasttenyears,peopleespeciallyyoungpeoplehavebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabits,becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,particularlyprocessedfoods,isnotgoodforthehealth.Consequently,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods.Naturalfoods,forexample,arevegetable,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganism(有机物).Insimpleterms,thismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourished(滋养)byunusedvegetablematter,whichprovidesitwithessentialvitamins(维生素)andminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers(肥料),themainpurposeofwhichistoincreasethequantitybutnotthequalityoffoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthyfarms.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry(家禽:therearebatteryfarms,forexample,wherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfood;theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Take,forexample,thequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood.Althoughanaturalalternative,suchashoney,canbeusedtosweetenfoodifthisisnecessary,wecaninfactdowithoutit.Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself.ButtheproblemisthatthequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!Yetallitdoesisprovideuswithenergy,intheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinit,nominerals,andnofiber.11、Whydopeoplenowprefernaturalfoods?A、Becausetheygrowfastandcostless.B、Becausetheyfitpeople’seatinghabits.C、Becausetheyaregoodtopeople’shealth.D、Becausetheyaresimplyprocessedfoods.标准答案：C知识点解析：根据题干中prefernaturalfoods，可定位至文章第一段。“Consequently，therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods．”Consequently是一个信号词，是“因此，所以”的意思，答案自然在它前面。前一句提到：particularlyprocessedfoods，isnotgoodforthehealth。由此可以看出，人们喜欢naturalfoods的原因，就是itisgoodforthehealth。因此该题正确答案为C。12、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2?A、Fertilizersareimportantingrowingnaturalfoods.B、Soilfornaturalfoodsusuallylacksorganicmatter.C、Naturalfoodsaregrownincommercialfarmingareas.D、Chemicalsareusedtoincreasethequantityoffoodsgrown.标准答案：D知识点解析：这一题我们就完全可以根据生活常识来做出选择。选项A中的fertilizer和naturalfoods的种植明显背道而驰，错；选项B与原文的说法正好相反，错；由第二段可知，天然食品不是种植在商业化种植区里，所以选项C也错。这段的最后一句提到：人们使用化肥的主要目的是增加商业化种植区域里农作物的产量，而不是提高质量。因此该题正确答案为D。13、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardschickensfedonbatteryfarms?A、Supportive.B、Doubtful.C、Hopeful.D、Negative.标准答案：D知识点解析：根据题目中chickensfedonbatteryfarms，可定位至第三段。通读第三段可知，作者的态度是否定的。14、Whatisthemostimportantpointthewriterwantstomakeaboutsugar?A、Peopleuseittosweetenfood.B、Itgivesusmuch-neededenergy.C、Peopletaketoomuchofit.D、Itisactuallyakindofhoney.标准答案：C知识点解析：根据题目中关键词sugar，可快速定位至文章最后一段第五句话“Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself．ButtheproblemisthatthequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!”可知，糖本身无害，而是人们吃得太多了。因此该题正确答案为C。15、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"diet"(Para.4)?A、Food.B、Rice.C、Animal.D、Agriculture.标准答案：A知识点解析：本文从一开始就没离开过“food”，最后一段第一句话中又有healthyeating的字样。根据上下文，不难猜出答案是A。三、概括段落大意和补全句子(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)EnergyCycle①Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.②Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.③Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues(自言自语)as:"Getup,John!You‘llbelateforworkagain!"ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.④Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract(对抗)y°urcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou’llgetupsteam(鼓起干劲)andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.⑤Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.Task1A.PossibleExplanationB.CounteractingYourCycleC.Introducing"EnergyCycle"D.RelationsBetweenBodyTemperatureandEnergyE.MakeYourLifeFittheEnergyCycleF.OtherMeasurestoWorkBetter16、Paragraph①______FORMTEXT标准答案：C知识点解析：文中第一段提出问题，并给出了可能的答案——“adailyenergycycle”。故答案为C。17、Paragraph②______FORMTEXT标准答案：D知识点解析：从第二段开始便提出了一种现象；接下来给出结论：你体温最高时正是精力最充沛之时；紧接着又列举了不同人的情况来说明这种关系。故答案为D。18、Paragraph③______FORMTEXT标准答案：A知识点解析：第三段第一句指出没有人能解释第二段中提出的现象，而第二句就提出可能的解释。故答案为A。19、Paragraph④______FORMTEXT标准答案：E知识点解析：第四段第一、二句为本段中心句，接下来详细论述如何使自己更适应能量周期。故答案为E。20、Paragraph⑤______FORMTEXT标准答案：F知识点解析：最后一段紧接着第四段的措施，又讲了其他一些可以使身体适应能量周期的办法。故答案为F。Task2A.adailyenergycycleB.atyourlowpointC.habituallystayinguplaterD.husbandsandwivesE.atitspeakF.yourenergycycle21、Dr.Kleitmanhasprovedthateveryonehas______.FORMTEXT标准答案：A知识点解析：根据文中第一段最后一句可知，Dr．Kleitman提出了一种解释因早上起床困难而感到痛苦的新说法，那就是每个人都有能量周期。由此可以推断出答案为A。22、Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureis______.FORMTEXT标准答案：E知识点解析：根据第二段第三句话，可以推断出答案为E。23、Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhen______realizewhattheseenergycyclesmean.FORMTEXT标准答案：D知识点解析：第三段最后一句话举出妻子和丈夫争吵的例子，来说明能量周期的影响。由此可以推断出答案为D。24、Youcanlearntomakeyourlifefit______better.FORMTEXT标准答案：F知识点解析：第四段第一句话提到，尽管你不能改变你的能量周期，但是你可以采取一些方法使自己更适应它。这里的it指的就是能量周期。由此可以推断出答案为F。25、Ifyourisebeforeyourusualhour,you’llgetupsteamandworkbetter______.FORMTEXT标准答案：B知识点解析：从第四段最后两句可知，你可以起得早一些，这些(包括前面提到的睡得晚一些)做法可以使你鼓足干劲，在你能量的低潮期工作得更好一些。由此可以推断出答案为B。四、填句补文(本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。)HeritageHomeSchoolChildrenareourfuture,andit'suptoustoarmthemwiththetoolstosucceed.Sadly,today'schildrenarebeingarmedwithmoredangeroustoolslikeweapons,drugsandgangs.【B1】______Homeschoolsareavailabletogiveyouchoices.【B2】______AtHeritageHomeSchoolwebelievethechoiceshouldbeyours.Thanksinparttomoderntechnology,homeschoolinginformationisbecomingreadilyavailableacrossournation.ArecentstudybytheITBS(IowaTestsofBasicSkills)andTAP(TestsofAchievementandProficiency)showsusthatstudentsofhomeschoolsdoparticularlywellwhencomparedwiththenationwideaverage.【B3】______Ifyou'renewtohomeschooling,youmaybeaskingyourself,"Willhomeschoolsreallyworkformychildren?"【B4】______Thestudyfoundthatstudentsofhomeschoolingarescoring,onaverage,atorabovethe80thpercentile(百分位数)inallareasonstandardizedachievementtest.Thenationalaverageonstandardizedachievementtestsisthe50thpercentile.Collectively,thestaffatHeritageHomeSchoolbrings65yearsofexperienceinhomeschoolingcurriculum.【B5】______Onestudyfoundthatofthehomeschooledadults,0%wereunemployed,0%wereonwelfareand94%saidhomeeducationpreparedthemtobeindependentpersons.Formorehomeschoolinginformation,callustodayat1(877)532-7665.A.Homeschoolingprovidestop-qualityeducation,flexibility,andfreedomtocreateyourownschedule.B.We'veplacedstudentsinthetop2%ofthenationinmathandmanyaresuccessfullymovingontocollege.C.Thereisanationwidestudyusingarandom(随机)selectionof1,516families.D.Oncearelativelypeacefulenvironment,manyschoolyardsoftodayarebecomingunsafeforbothstudentsandteachers.E.Ineverysubjectateverygradelevel,studentsofhomeschoolingscoredobviouslyhigherthanthoseinpublicandprivateschools.F.Wearecommittedtoofferawiderangeofthehighestqualityhomeschoolprograms.26、【B1】FORMTEXT标准答案：D知识点解析：第一段讲述现在校园的安全问题。通过浏览全文及备选答案，可以看出D选项中的unsafe与空格前的dangerous语义相近，论述的内容一致，因此D选项“如今的许多校园不再是相对平静的环境，而成为对学生和老师不安全的地方”符合上下文语境，为应填句子。27、【B2】FORMTEXT标准答案：A知识点解析：第二段首先讲到家庭学校为你提供了选择，空格后的句子反映的仍然是同样的信息，因此空格处的句子应该与家庭学校的教育有关。选项A“Homeschooling…”在内容和逻辑上符合题意。28、【B3】FORMTEXT标准答案：E知识点解析：空格位于第二段的最后，考生可以通过空格前的内容来判断应填句子。空格前论述的是家庭学校的孩子的学习成绩，与全国平均水平相比，家庭学校的学生在ITBs和TAP考试中的成绩都非常优秀，因此空格处的内容应该与学生的考试成绩有关。在剩余选项中，只有E选项将接受家庭教育的学生成绩与公立和私立学校的学生成绩相比较，符合上下文意思。29、【B4】FORMTEXT标准答案：C知识点解析：空格后的Thestudy是重要线索，应填句子的内容肯定与某项研究有关。通过分析，考生不难看出C选项“Thereisanationwidestudyusingarandom(随机)selectionof1，516families”中的“anationwidestudy”与“Thestudy”所指内容一致，在结构和语义上连贯。因此C选项为应填句子。30、【B5】FORMTEXT标准答案：B知识点解析：空格前讲到HeritageHomeSchool的教师有着65年的家庭教育课程经验，而空格后介绍的是Heritage家庭学校的毕业生的就业、生活情况。在剩余选项B和F中，B选项“在数学方面，我们的学生名列全国前2％，并且许多学生顺利升入大学”在内容上与前后衔接一致。五、填词补文(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)LawsonEuthanasiaItwas3:45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesof【W1】______illpatientswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.Almost【W2】______wordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentiton【W3】______thegroup'son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:"Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn'tjustsomething【W4】______happenedinAustralia.It'sworldhistory."Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminally111lawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingto【W5】______withitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianmedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideis【W6】______toturnback.InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakinga【W7】______lawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybya【W8】______injectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera"coolingoff"periodofsevendays,thepatientcan【W9】______acertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsoftheTerminally111lawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition."I'mnot【W10】______ofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI'dgo,becauseI'vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,"hesays.31、【W1】FORMTEXT标准答案：E知识点解析：此处需要副词。incurablyillpatients患有不可治愈的疾病的病人。32、【W2】FORMTEXT标准答案：I知识点解析：此处需要副词。almostimmediately几乎同时。33、【W3】FORMTEXT标准答案：K知识点解析：此处需要介词。via通过，经由。34、【W4】FORMTEXT标准答案：A知识点解析：此处为定语从句。因为前面有something，根据语法规则，只能用that。35、【W5】FORMTEXT标准答案：C知识点解析：此处需要动词。dealwith为固定搭配，表示“处理”。36、【W6】FORMTEXT标准答案：L知识点解析：此处需要副词。句首but表示转折，根据上文，此处填unlikely(不可能)。37、【W7】FORMTEXT标准答案：J知识点解析：此处需要形容词。makingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia制定一个类似的法律处理安乐死。38、【W8】FORMTEXT标准答案：B知识点解析：此处需要形容词。deadly致命的。39、【W9】FORMTEXT标准答案：H知识点解析：此处需要动词。signacertificateofrequest签署一个请求协议。40、【W10】FORMTEXT标准答案：G知识点解析：此处需要形容词。beafraidof为固定搭配，表示“害怕”。六、完形补文(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)ExaminationsInthe【C1】______(Europe)universitiesoftheMiddleAges,studentswhowereworkingfor【C2】______(advance)degreeshadtodiscussquestionsintheirfieldof【C3】______(researcher)ofthesubject.Thiscustomexiststodayaspartoftheworkoftestingcandidates(候选人)foramaster'sordoctor'sdegree.【C4】______(general),however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Twotypesoftestsare【C5】______(common)usedinmodernschools.Thefirsttypesometimescalledanobjective(客观性)test,itisintendedtodealwithfacts,not【C6】______(person)opinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothree【C7】______(state)thatlooklikeanswerstostudentswhohavenotlearnedthematerial【C8】______(proper).Fortestingastudent'smemoryoffactsanddetails,theobjectivetesthasadvantages.Itcanfindoutagreatdealaboutthestudent'srangeofknowledge.Fortestingsomekindsoflearning,however,suchatestisnotvery【C9】______(satisfy).A【C10】______(luck)studentmayguessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerial.41、【C1】FORMTEXT标准答案：European知识点解析：此处需填一个形容词。在中世纪的欧洲大学，如果学生想要拿到高等学位需要就所选领域进行阐述和谈论。在这个短句中缺少一个词来修饰后面的名词universities，所以前面要填它的形容词形式。42、【C2】FORMTEXT标准答案：advanced知识点解析：此处需填一个形容词。根据上下文意思，学生想要拿到高等学位的话是需要就自己的专业发表看法的。这里缺少一个形容词来修饰后面的degrees，“advanceddegree”表示“高等学位”。43、【C3】FORMTEXT标准答案：research知识点解析：此处需填一个名词。根据上下文意思，“inthefieldof…”后面通常跟一个表示学科或专业的名词，表示“在某个领域”。44、【C4】FORMTEXT标准答案：Generally知识点解析：此处需填一个副词。副词可以单放在句首，这样的副词还有很多，特别是程度副词，如：apparently，basically，surprisingly等。注意首字母要大写。45、【C5】FORMTEXT标准答案：commonly知识点解析：此处需填一个副词。现代的考试是以笔试为主的，通常有两种题型。空格后面是一个动词，所以前面通常需要一个修饰它的副词。46、【C6】FORMTEXT标准答案：personal知识点解析：此处需填一个形容词。第一种题型通常为客观题，就是和客观事实相关的、不发表个人观点的题型。这里需要一个形容词来修饰其后面的名词。47、【C7】FORMTEXT标准答案：statements知识点解析：此处需填一个名词。根据上下文意思，要出客观题的话，老师需要写出一系列问题，每道题只有一个正确答案。每道题后面老师通常都会给出另外三个选项，并且都具有一定的迷惑性。注意使用名词的复数形式。48、【C8】FORMTEXT标准答案：properly知识点解析：此处需填一个副词。那些相似的选项可能对那些没有完全掌握知识的学生有一定的迷惑性。这里缺少一个副词来修饰前面的动词learned。49、【C9】FORMTEXT标准答案：satisfactory知识点解析：此处需填一个形容词。如果只是测试一下学生对知识的掌握情况，那么客观题有它的优点；可是也并不是完全令人满意的。空格前面有一个副词very，后面通常会跟一个被修饰的形容词。50、【C10】FORMTEXT标准答案：lucky知识点解析：此处需要一个形容词。如果一个学生运气好，那么即使他不知道该选什么答案，也可以凭猜测获得分数。这里缺少一个形容词来修饰后面的名词student，所以填lucky。七、短文写作(本题共1题，每题1.0分，共1分。)51、假如你是北京外国语大学英语系的主任，想邀请哈佛大学的MichaelHutchison教授来校为英语专业的研究生做一次有关美国文学的讲座，请用英语给他写一封120词左右的邀请函。标准答案：DearProfessorMichaelHutchison,I’mLiMing,deanofEnglishdepartmentofBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.WeareverygladtohearthatyouareattendinganinternationalconferenceinBeijing.WearewritingthislettertoinquirethepossibilityofinvitingyoutodeliveralectureonAmericanliteratureforourpostgraduatestudentsontheeveningofJune16.Wehavelongnoticedthatyouhavedonealotofsubstantialandcreativeworkinthisfield.Twoofyourbookshavebecometextbooksforourstudentsforseveralyears.Soallofusbelieveyourlecturewillbenefitourstudentsandteachingstaffalike.Ifyoucanmanagetocome,pleasetellusthenumberofyourflightandwewillmeetyouattheairport.Ifyoucan’tmakeit,pleasealsoletusknow.Wearelookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yourssincerely,LiMing知识点解析：暂无解析自考英语（一）模拟试卷第2套一、阅读判断(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)HowtoStayYoungIfyouwanttostayyoung,sitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctors,whosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresult,weareagingunnecessarilysoon.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage,andhowtheprocessofagingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversity,hesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumes(容量)ofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain,whichrelatetointellect(智能)andemotion,anddeterminethehumancharacter.(Therearsectionofthebrain,whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing,doesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.)Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties,butitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingthehead.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.Thoseleastatrisk,saysMatsuzawa,arelawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesare,however,aslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworker,busdriverandshopassistant.Matsuzawa'sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed."Thebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrain,"hesays."Thinkhardandengageinconversation.Don'trelyonpocketcalculators."1、Ifyouwanttobecomeyoung,you’dbetterkeepsittinginsteadofstandingA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：C知识点解析：题干要求判断如果要变年轻是否最好坐着而不要站着。第一段中提到“Ifyouwanttostayyoung，sitdownandhaveagoodthink”，意思是“如果想保持年轻，就坐下好好地思考”，并没有告诉我们如果要变年轻是否最好坐着而不要站着，所以无法判断题干是否正确。2、Wedon’tusemostofourbrainssowearegettingoldverysoonA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断我们大部分的大脑是否都得不到使用所以我们衰老得很快。第一段最后提到，研究发现大部分的大脑“arenotgettingenoughexercise”，也就是得不到充分使用，“asaresult，weareagingunnecessarilysoon”，所以题干中的信息是正确的。3、ThephysicallyhealthyfarmersinnorthernJapancan’tthinkandreasononlyataveryoldageA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断在日本北部身体健康的农民是否在年龄很大的时候才不能思考。文中第二段讲到了这个具体信息，即“healthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage”，即在相当年轻的时候他们就失去了思考的能力，所以题干提供的信息是错误的。4、TheprojectstartswithmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleinthesameareaandinthesameprofessionA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断这个研究项目是否首先测量同一地区从事同一职业的一千个人的大脑容量。第三段提到了这个研究的内容，即测量一千个人的大脑容量(measuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeople)，但是这一千个人是不同年龄并且是从事不同职业的(differentagesandvaryingoccupations)。所以题干表述是错误的。5、HumanintellectandemotionaredeterminedbythefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断人类的智力和情感是否是由大脑的前部和侧面决定的。文中第四段提到了“thefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain，whichrelatetointellectandemotion”，所以题干表述是正确的。6、Iftherearsectionofthebraingetshurt,peoplecanstilleat,breatheandwinkA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断如果大脑的后部受伤了，人们是否还可以吃饭、呼吸和眨眼睛。文中第四段提到了大脑后部的功能，即“whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing”(控制着吃饭和呼吸等功能)，而且“doesnotcontractwithage”(不会随着年龄的增长而萎缩)。如果大脑后部受伤了，人们就不能吃饭、呼吸了，所以题干是错误的。7、SomeadultsagedmorethanthirtiesbecomeslowinthinkingbecausethefrontandsidepartsoftheirbrainscontractalittleA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：C知识点解析：题干要求判断30多岁的成人思维变慢了是否是由于他们大脑的前部和侧面有些萎缩了。文中第五段谈到了有些30多岁的受试者已经出现了前部和侧面大脑萎缩的现象，即“Contractionoffrontandsideparts…wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties”，但是并没有告诉我们这是否导致了他们的思维变慢，所以无法判断题干是否正确。8、PeoplelivinginthecountrysidehaveshrinkingbrainsfasterthanthoselivingintownsA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断生活在农村的人是否比生活在城市里的人大脑萎缩得快。文中第七段提到“contractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns”,意思是“生活在农村的人比城市里的人大脑萎缩得快”，所以题干中的信息是正确的。9、Lawyers,universityprofessorsanddoctorsaremostlikelytosufferfromthecontractionofthebrainA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：B知识点解析：题干要求判断律师、大学教师和医生是否最有可能发生大脑萎缩。文中第七段谈到了最没有可能发生大脑萎缩的人是“lawyers”，然后是“universityprofessorsanddoctors”，这与题干正好相反，所以题干表述是错误的。10、Whenyouarethinking,thebloodwillcirculateinyourheadtoprovidefreshoxygentothebraincellsA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven标准答案：A知识点解析：题干要求判断当你思考时，血液是否在你的脑部循环并且为脑细胞带来新鲜的氧气。最后一段总结了研究的结果，即“thinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking”，意为“思考可以阻止大脑萎缩”，并且“Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed”，所以题干表述是正确的。二、阅读选择(本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。)HowtoReduceYourWeight?Youfeelsad;"Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanIdo?"Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenes,notyourlifehabits,determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.Howcanobese(肥胖的)peoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well,dietingcanbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirsch,aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeightfatpeople.Theyweregivenliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.Aftermor