Unit4Sharing周测试卷（一）（含答案）高二英语下学期周测月考培优练（人教版2019选择性）

人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit4Sharing周测试卷（一）满分：100分测试时间：40分钟。品词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)1.Tomygreatjoy，thep（包裹）myfamilymailedtomecontainedanewtabletandmycottonsecondaryschooluniforms.2.Onthedustytablebesidethew（洗手间），thereweresomerubbertubescoveredwithdust.3.Steven’srigidfriendwantedtom（邮寄）aparceltohisfatherwhoworksinacircus.4.Somelittleboysarestandinginthes（阴凉处）ofanappletreeandlookingattheripeapplesonit.5.Inthiss（初级的）school，studentsusuallywearuniformsmadeofcotton.6.Achemistwithwrinklesonhisf（前额）removedtheweedsfromthegardenandcleanedthedustinthedoorway.7.Inthehut，onthep（平台）besidethefireplace，thereisakettle，apan，somesaucersandavasemadeofclay.8.Thechemistputsomethingintothet（管状物）ofwaterandsoonsomebubblesrosefromit.9.Thechemistwasthoughtofasar（固执的）personwhoalwaysdidthingsinhisownway.10.Ifeelitaprivilegetobeofferedsuchanicechancetomentontheh（住房）market.11.Thechemistputarubberp（堵塞物）intheopeningofthetubeandhelditupsidedown.12.Itisreallyaprivilegeforthed（残疾的）childrentoeandwatchthecircusperformance.13.ItisdeclaredthatthePrimeMinisterwillr（辞职）fromhispostafterthepressconference.14.IhavebeenworkingveryhardlatelyandIfeelId（值得）asalaryincrease.15.I'llputthe(壶)onandmakesometea.

单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)1.Thestudentsinthissecondaryschoolhavenoconceptof（do）experiments.2.Shedecidedtomajorinchemistryincollegebecauseshewantedtobea（chemistry）byprofession.3.Beingateacher，itisaprivilege（help）studentstoobtainknowledgeandbetterthemselves.4.Besidethehut，colorfulandexoticflowers（shade）bytoweringraretrees.5.Thistruckwasheadingona（dust）dirtroad，disappearingintoasmallvalley.6.The（house）problemscameupatthemeetingonceagainyesterday.7.MyfriendsandIhavebeendying（have）abarbecueforalongtime.8.There’snoelectricityrunningwaterandnoteventextbooks.9.Tomwasverytiredafterworkandhedragged（him）alongthestreet.10.Shewenttonegotiatewithheropponentthefactthatherdoctorhadtoldhertorest.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分，满分20分)AWHENKIMJIUNlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.The23yearoldstartedafarmlastyear.Herfirstharvestwasanunexpectedsuccess.MsKimispartofaphenomenoncalledkwichon,orreturningtorurallife.Thetermcropsupduringperiodsofeconomichardship.Thistime,inthewakeofthepandemic,manynewfarmershaveneverlivedinthecountrysidebefore.ThegovernmentpromotestheideaasasolutiontotheproblemofSouthKoreansmigratingtoSeoul,aimingtoregeneratestrugglingruralregions.Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.Theplanisworking.In2021nearly380,000peoplemovedtothecountryside,up15%from2015andalmosthalf(arecordhigh)youngerthan40.fortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup,saysChoKyungik,thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre,aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.Thecentreteachestechniqueslikehowtouseatractororselectthebestcrops.Itarrangesatrialperiodduringwhichambitiousfarmersworkundertheguidanceofanoldhand,learningwhatitmeanstodobackbreakinglabourfromdawntodusk.Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.Thevillagersarealsoofferedtipsonhowtoacttowardsthenewers.Thatpartisnotyetatotalsuccess.MsKimsaysherneighbourshaveabadtemper.“Theoldpeopleeinhereandgivemeunwantedadvice,orsaythatIwillneverbeabletogrowanything,”shesays.Herblackbeansbegtodiffer.SheandtheSouthKoreangovernmentwillbehopingthathercropsputtheargumenttorestforgood.1.WhydoesthewritertellMsKim’sstory?A.Tostartanargument. B.Tointroduceatrend.C.Topresentachallenge. D.Tomakeaparison.2.Whatdoestheunderlined“alegup”inparagraph3mean?A.Anewidentity. B.Ahelpinghand.C.Atouchingmoment. D.Adifferentidea.3.Whatisproperlythebiggestchallengefortheyoungfarmers?A.Learningfarmingskills. B.Facingcriticismonline.C.Handlinginvisibleoverwork. D.Adaptingtolocalmunity.4.Whatcanweinferfromthetextaboutkwichon?A.Itgenerateshugeprofits. B.Itreconnectslocalpeople.C.Ithelpstoreviveruralareas. D.Itdeservesmorefinancialsupport.BFormorethan60yearsbringingthecostoffooddownhadbeenoneofthegreatestchallengeofthe21century.Thatcost,however,isnotinimmediatecash,formostfoodisnowfarcheaperinrelativetermsthanin1960.Thecostisintheunintendeddamageoftheverymethodsoffoodproductionthathavemadethefoodcheaper:inthepollutionofwater,theweaknessofsoil,thedestructionofwildlife,theharmtoanimalwelfareandthethreattohumanhealthcausedbymodernindustrialagriculture.Firstmechanisationthenmassuseofchemicalfertilisersandpesticides,andnowgeneticengineering—modernindustrialfarminghasseemedunstoppable,astheyieldsofproducehavesoared.Butiteswithextensivelossofwildlifeandhabitat,soildegradationandfertilizerrunoff.Putittogetherandit’slikeabattleground,butconsumersrarelymaketheconnectionatthedinnertable.Theproblemsarecalled“externalities”byeconomistsbecausethey’renotpartofthemaintransaction,likegrowingandsellingwheat.Thesecostsaren’tdirectlypaidbytheproducersorconsumers.Butthecoststosocietycanamounttoshockingsums.AccordingtoaresearchbyProfessorJulesPrettyattheUniversityofEssex,repairingthedamagecausedbyintensivefarminginoneparticularyearcosts£2,343mintheUKalone,almostasmuchasthetotalUKandEUspendonBritishfarminginthatyear.Canthetruecostoffoodbebroughtdown?Insomecountries,movingawayfromindustrialagriculturetoaddresshungerisdifficult.However,indevelopedcountries,it’smorepossible.Governmentsshouldsupportsustainablefarmingthatbenefitstheenvironment,economy,health,andanimalwelfare.Insteadofimmediatelyswitchingtoorganicfarming,ProfessorPrettysuggestsadoptinga“GreenerFoodStandard”whichwouldpushthemarkettowardsmoresustainableenvironmentalpracticesthanthecurrentnorm,whilenotrequiringthefullmitmenttoorganicproduction.Thisstandardwouldguidefarmersonbetterpracticesinfarming,promotingashifttowardsamoresustainableagriculturalsystemforbothproducersandconsumers.5.Whatisthecostassociatedwithfoodproduction?A.Immediatecashloss. B.Increasedagricultureyields.C.Promotionoforganicfarming. D.Impairmenttohumanwelfare.6.Whyconsumerscannotconnectfoodattablewiththeexternalcosts?A.Thecostsareincludedintheprice. B.Thecostslieinfoodgrowingandselling.C.Thecostsaren’tdirectlyvisibletopeople. D.Peoplearen’taffectedbymodernfarming.7.Whatmaycutthecostoffoodbasedonthetext?A.Givingupcleanupefforts. B.Overlookingglobalhunger.C.Makingflexiblefarmingpolicies. D.Adoptingfullorganicapproaches.8.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmodernindustrialagriculture?A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Unconcerned. D.Mindless.四、完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond_____1_____.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____2____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____3____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe____4____itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____5____,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He____6____thatitwasbecausethereweren’tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe____7____.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek____8___duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe____9____departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand_____10____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.____11____youngplantsinthedryseasonwas______12______foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe_____13_____ofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto______14______rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai____15_____toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturallygrownlandthathasbeehometomanyplantsandanimals.1.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice2.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge3.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward4.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage5.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise6.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted7.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust8.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter9.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance10.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed11.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding12.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial13.A.back B.top C.foot D.side14.A.cooldown B.keepoff C.purify D.collect15.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Baduanjin(八段锦),____1___formofqigong,isasetoftraditionalChinesefitnessexercisesbiningphysicalmovementwithbreathingandmeditation.DatingbacktotheSongDynasty(9601279),Baduanjinusesbreathingandconcentrationtechniques____2____(improve)bodyandmindthrougheightwelldesignedsequences.DuringtheNorthernSongDynasty,peopleenjoyeddoingit,____3____has8simplemovements,suchasslowlyopeningthearmsorraisingthehead.Today,thisoldexercisehasgainedits____4____(popular)again.Lastmonth,28yearoldmodelHuangQiandecidedtoaddBaduanjin____5____herdailyroutine.Atfirst,whenshesaw____6____(video)ofpeoplepracticingonsocialmediaplatforms,shenaturallyassociateditwiththekindofexercisefavoredbytheelderly____7____itsmovementsareabitslow.Nevertheless,nowHuangenjoyspracticingtheexercise,whichstretchesandrelaxesherwholebody.HerfavoritefitnessstarGermanPamelaReifhadavideo____8___(post).Thevideohasreceivedmorethan900,000views,49,000likesand24,000reportssinceit____9____(release)onBilibilionAug8.Likemanytraditions,suchashanfuandmusic,Baduanjinis____10____(increase)recognizedfrompeopleofallagesandismakingareturntodailylife.So,wouldyouliketogiveitatry?参考答案：词汇运用：Ⅰ.1.parcel2.washroom3.mail4.shade5.secondary6.forehead7.platform8.tube9.rigid10.housing11.plug12.disabled13.resign14.deserve15.kettle单句语法填空：1.doing句意：这所中学的学生没有做实验的概念。2.chemist句意：她决定大学主修化学，因为就职业来说她想当化学家。3.tohelp句意：作为一名老师，帮助学生获得知识和提高自己是一种荣幸。4.areshaded句意：在小房子旁，色彩斑斓、奇异的鲜花被高大罕见的树木遮蔽。5.dusty句意：这辆卡车在尘土飞扬的泥路上飞驰，消失在一个小山谷里。6.housing句意：住房问题又一次在昨天的会上提出来了。7.tohave句意：很长时间了，我和朋友们一直想去户外烧烤。8.or句意：那里没有电，没有自来水，甚至连课本都没有。9.himself句意：下班后汤姆很累，他拖着沉重的脚步沿街走着。dragoneselfalong（慢吞吞地）拖着脚走。10.despite句意：尽管她的医生让她休息，她还是去跟对手谈判了。despite尽管，是介词。阅读理解【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了首尔疫情过后一种“回归农村生活”趋势。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“WHENKIMJIUNlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.(KIMJIUN住在首尔时，她担心找不到一份好工作。现在，她担心干旱会毁掉她的庄稼。)”和第二段中“MsKimispartofaphenomenoncalledkwichon,orreturningtorurallife.(Kim女士是一种被称为kwichon（回归农村生活）的现象的一部分。)”可知，作者讲述金女士的故事是为了介绍一种“回归农村生活”趋势。故选B项。【2题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.(他们在韩国最大的搜索引擎Naver上销售新鲜农产品。)”说明年轻农民可以在数字技术的帮助下销售农产品，从而推知划线词句“fortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup,saysChoKyungik,thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre,aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.(BeginningFarmer’sCentre的负责人ChoKyungik说，数字技术的普及给了年轻农民alegup，这是一家教育那些希望在市中心办公室从事创业的人的机构。)”中划线部分意思是“援助之手”。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.Thevillagersarealsoofferedtipsonhowtoacttowardsthenewers.Thatpartisnotyetatotalsuccess.(最重要的一课是如何与当地人相处。村民们还得到了如何对待新来者的建议。这部分还没有完全成功。)”可知，对年轻农民来说，最大的挑战是适应当地社区。故选D项。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThegovernmentpromotestheideaasasolutiontotheproblemofSouthKoreansmigratingtoSeoul,aimingtoregeneratestrugglingruralregions.Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.(政府宣传这一想法是为了解决韩国人向首尔迁移的问题，旨在振兴陷入困境的农村地区。通过在农村地区培养年轻农民，政府希望在未来获得巨大的回报。)”可知，kwichon有助于振兴农村地区。故选C项。【答案】5.D6.C7.C8.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代工业农业对环境的负面影响以及可持续农业的重要性。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thecostisintheunintendeddamageoftheverymethodsoffoodproductionthathavemadethefoodcheaper:inthepollutionofwater,theweaknessofsoil,thedestructionofwildlife,theharmtoanimalwelfareandthethreattohumanhealthcausedbymodernindustrialagriculture.(代价是使食物更便宜的食品生产方法所造成的意想不到的损害：水的污染、土壤的脆弱、野生动物的破坏、对动物福利的伤害以及现代工业化农业对人类健康的威胁)”可知，食品生产相关的代价是造成水的污染、土壤的脆弱、野生动物的破坏、对动物福利的伤害以及现代工业化农业对人类健康的威胁，总之，损害了人类的福利。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Putittogetherandit’slikeabattleground,butconsumersrarelymaketheconnectionatthedinnertable.Theproblemsarecalled“externalities”byeconomistsbecausethey’renotpartofthemaintransaction,likegrowingandsellingwheat.Thesecostsaren’tdirectlypaidbytheproducersorconsumers.(把它们放在一起，就像一个战场，但消费者很少在餐桌上建立联系。这些问题被经济学家称为“外部性”，因为它们不属于主要交易的一部分，比如种植和销售小麦。这些成本不是由生产者或消费者直接支付的)”可知，消费者不能将餐桌上的食物与外部成本联系起来是因为这些成本不是由生产者或消费者直接支付的，人们无法直接看到这些成本。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Canthetruecostoffoodbebroughtdown?(食品的真实价格能降下来吗?)”和“However,indevelopedcountries,it’smorepossible.Governmentsshouldsupportsustainablefarmingthatbenefitstheenvironment,economy,health,andanimalwelfare.Insteadofimmediatelyswitchingtoorganicfarming,ProfessorPrettysuggestsadoptinga“GreenerFoodStandard”whichwouldpushthemarkettowardsmoresustainableenvironmentalpracticesthanthecurrentnorm,whilenotrequiringthefullmitmenttoorganicproduction.Thisstandardwouldguidefarmersonbetterpracticesinfarming,promotingashifttowardsamoresustainableagriculturalsystemforbothproducersandconsumers.(然而，在发达国家，这种可能性更大。政府应该支持有利于环境、经济、健康和动物福利的可持续农业。Pretty教授建议采用“绿色食品标准”，而不是立即转向有机农业，这将推动市场走向比目前规范更可持续的环境实践，同时不要求完全致力于有机生产。这一标准将指导农民采取更好的农业实践，促进生产者和消费者向更可持续的农业体系转变)”可知，作者认为在发达国家，可以通过支持有利于环境、经济、健康和动物福利的可持续农业，采用“绿色食品标准”来代替完全致力于有机生产等方式来促进促进生产者和消费者向更可持续的农业体系转变。由些推知，制定灵活的农业政策可能真正降低食物的成本。故选C项。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thecostisintheunintendeddamageoftheverymethodsoffoodproductionthathavemadethefoodcheaper:inthepollutionofwater,theweaknessofsoil,thedestructionofwildlife,theharmtoanimalwelfareandthethreattohumanhealthcausedbymodernindustrialagriculture.(代价是使食物更便宜的食品生产方法所造成的意想不到的损害：水的污染、土壤的脆弱、野生动物的破坏、对动物福利的伤害以及现代工业化农业对人类健康的威胁)”和第三段中“Firstmechanisation,thenmassuseofchemicalfertilisersandpesticides,andnowgeneticengineering—modernindustrialfarminghasseemedunstoppable,astheyieldsofproducehavesoared.Butiteswithextensivelossofwildlifeandhabitat,soildegradationandfertilizerrunoff.(首先是机械化，然后是化肥和杀虫剂的大规模使用，现在是基因工程——随着农产品产量的飙升，现代工业化农业似乎势不可挡。但随之而来的是野生动物和栖息地的大量丧失、土壤退化和肥料流失)”可知，作者认为现代工业化农业带来意想不到的损害，给人类的福祉造成危害。由此推知，作者对现代工业化农业持批判态度。故选A项.完形填空【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.D5.A6.B7.B8.D9.C10.B11.C12.A13.B14.D15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A.dream梦想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年轻；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.precious宝贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D.generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.waste废物；B.tension紧张；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据aswell可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.agreed同意；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记住，记起；D.predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.noise噪音；B.heat热；C.disease疾病；D.dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A.labor劳动；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed设法做成。根据前面的”lookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.Decorating装饰；B.Observing观察到；C.Watering浇水；D.Guar