跨越阅读理解障碍课件高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

BeatObstaclesofReadingComprehensionSkillsfor

questionsofdetails事实细节题英语阅读理解技巧传统高考阅读理解题型综合细节题词义转换题理解判断题主旨要义题作者意图题推测判断题文章结构题高考阅读理解ReadingComprehensionofNMETSpotthreedifferencesbetweenthetwopicturesSpotfourdifferencesbetweenthetwopictures我们都知道阅读细节题要在原文找重复but

where

how

《阅读理解》知识清单Listsofreading10种题型7类体裁3个维度广告类故事类科普类新闻类人物类社科类文化类单句段落细节相加一个做法（15字法则）一般细节、段落细节、全文细节、作者观点态度、词义猜测（代词指代）、例证题、段落主旨、全文主旨（意图）、结构题、文章出处题识题型，找定位，断结构，取信息，找平行细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意阅读理解“三步曲”和选项技巧

三步曲：一、画题干，确定关键词①二、找原文（定位文章中的句子），确定关键词②

三、看选项（配对选项与原文句子中的同义词），确定关键词③找名词、代词和形容词

TheChinesekepttheirsecretofhowtomakepaperuntilawarwithMuslimsintheninthcentury.TheartofpapermakingsoonspreadthroughouttheMuslimworld.

TheMayanIndiansinCentralAmericaandPacificIslandersalsodiscoveredhowtomakepaper,buttheirknowledgeneverspreadtotherestoftheworld.26.HowwaspapermakingintroducedintotherestoftheworldfromChina?A.Throughwars. B.ThroughtheMuslims.C.ThroughtheMayanIndians.

D.ThroughthePacificIslanders.√introduceinto“引进”，与spread“传播”同义关键词②是我们重点要找的，关键词②和关键词③多为同义词或近义词关键词①关键词②关键词①关键词③Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein,inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive,tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom,afour-year-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination.Tomlovedtopretend,andheparticularlylovedtoplaysuperheroes,DrEpsteinexplainedthatitwasactuallyabrilliantwayforhisyoungmindtohandletheterrifyingandpainfullifeheled.26.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.Hewasseriouslyill.B.Hewasadishonestboy.C.Hewascrazyaboutmagic.D.HewasDr.Epstein’spatient.有据可查，意同形异——状况细节的判断综合细节

Thedaybeforehisthirdtriptotheoperatingroom,Tomwasterriblyafraid.“MaybeIcouldgoasSuperman,”hewhisperedtohismom.Hearingthis,themotherhesitatedforawhile.Shehadavoidedbuyingtheexpensivecostume(戏装)，butfinallysheagreed.ThenextdayTomappearedasthepowerfulSuperman,showingoffthroughthehospitalhallsandcoollywavinghishandtothepeoplegreetinghimalongtheway.AndTom,withthestrengthofhisfantasy,successfullymadeitthroughtheoperation.28.WhenTomwentforthethirdoperation,he

.A.pretendedtobepainful B.actedlikeasuperheroC.appearedinpoorspirits D.arguedwithhismother由想法到现实，一个过程演变的细节综合细节

HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper-alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.60.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsize. B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax. D.It'shardtorecognize.词语形式迥异——位置判断综合细节1先划出题干关键信息语，再从短文中找出信息句；2认真分析信息词语前后句，关注句子主宾关系和连词；3最后找出与原文信息词语语义相同的最佳选项。(意同形异)启迪01综合细节题综合细节题三形式直接信息题——简单易找—送分间接信息题——琵琶遮面—一般综合信息题——深藏不露—较难2018全国Ⅱ卷B篇

The

yellow

and

orange

stonefruits

such

as

peaches

are

highin

the

carotenoids

we

turn

intoVitaminAand

which

areantioxidants.As

forcherries(樱桃),

they

are

sodelicious

who

care?However,they

are

rich

in

Vitamin

C.24.

What

does

the

author

seemto

like

about

cherries?A.

They

contain

protein.B.

They

are

high

invitaminA.C.

They

have

a

pleasant

taste.D.

They

are

rich

in

antioxidants.“灯塔词”定位2018全国Ⅰ卷真题D篇：than/比较级/while/similar/unlike

but

a

new

study

shows

that

we

keep

using

our

old

devices

(装置)well

after

they

go

out

of

style.

That’s

bad

news

for

the

environment–

and

our

wallets

–

as

these

outdated

devices

consume

much

moreenergy

than

the

newer

ones

that

do

the

same

things.

32.

What

does

the

author

think

of

new

devices?

A.

They

are

environment-friendly.

adj.环保的

B.

They

are

no

better

than

the

old.

C.

They

cost

more

to

use

at

home.

D.

They

go

out

of

style

quickly.than比较级whilesimilarunlike

At

present,

the

world

has

about

6,800languages.

The

distribution

of

these

languagesis

hugely

uneven.

The

general

rule

is

that

mildzones

have

relatively

few

languages,

oftenspoken

by

many

people,

while

hot,

wet

zoneshave

lots,

often

spoken

by

small

numbers.Europe

has

only

around

200

languages;

theAmericas

about

1,000;Africa

2,400;

andAsiaand

the

Pacific

perhaps

3,200,

of

which

PapuaNew

Guinea

alone

accounts

for

well

over

800.The

median

number

(中位数)

of

speakers

is

amere

6,000,

which

means

that

half

the

world’slanguages

are

spoken

by

fewer

people

than

that.2018全国Ⅰ卷真题C篇30.

How

manylanguages

are

spoken

byless

than

6,000

people

atpresent?A.About

6,800.B.About

3,400.C.About

2,400.D.About

1,200.：than/比较级/while/similar/unlike“灯塔词”之比较词2019全国Ⅲ卷真题C篇Before

he

1830s，most

newspapers

were

sold

through

annualsubscriptions

in

America,

usually

$8

to

$

10

a

year.

Today

$8

0

1'$10

seems

a

small

amount

of

money,

but

at

that

time

these

amountswere

forbidding

to

most

citizens.Accordingly,

newspapers

were

readalmost

only

by

rich

people

in

politics

or

the

trades.

In

addition,

mostnewspapers

had

little

in

them

that

would

appeal

to

a

mass

audience.28.

Which

of

the

following

best

describes

newspapers

inAmerica

before

the

1830s？A.Academic.

B.

Unattractive.C.

Inexpensive.

D.

Confidential：any/every/no/all/always/none/最高级/序数词

We’ve

been

there:

in

a

lift,

in

line

at

the

bank

or

on

an

airplane,surrounded

by

people

who

are,

like

us,

deeply

focused

on

their

smartphonesor,

worse,

struggling

with

the

uncomfortable

silence.What’s

the

problem?

It

is

possible

that

we

all

have

compromisedconversational

intelligence.

It’s

more

likely

that

none

of

us

start

aconversation

because

it’s

awkward

and

challenging,

or

we

think

it’sannoying

and

unnecessary.

But

the

next

time

you

find

yourself

amongstrangers,

consider

that

small

talk

is

worth

the

trouble.

Experts

say

it’s

aninvaluable

social

practice

that

results

in

big

benefits.2018全国Ⅱ卷真题D篇

32.

What

phenomenon

is

described

in

the

first

paragraph?A.Addiction

to

smartphones.B.

Inappropriate

behaviours

in

public

places.C.Absence

of

communication

between

strangers.D.