福建省部分市高二下学期英语期末汇编阅读理解

福建省部分市20232024学年高二下学期英语期末试题汇编阅读理解福建省宁德市20232024学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和Ｄ四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AVisitorGuidelinesWelookforwardtowelingyoutoTheMet!Pleasereviewtheguidelinesbelowbeforeyouvisit.HowmuchshouldIpay?■GeneralAdmissionAdults$30Seniors(65andover)$22Students$17Children(under12)FreeMembersandpatronsFree■SuggestedAdmissionNewYorkStateresidentsandNewYork,NewJersey,andConnecticutstudents:theamountyoupayforadmissionisuptoyou,butyoumustpaysomething($0.01minimumperticket)WhatcanIbringwithme?Smallbackpacksareallowedbutmustbewornonyourfrontorcarriedinyourhand.Waterisallowedinasecurebottle.Nootherliquidsarepermitted.Frontfacingbabycarriersarewele.Servicedogsarewele.WhatshouldIknowbeforeenteringthebuilding?Youmaybeaskedtorecheckyourticketwhenexitingandreenteringthegalleries.Foreveryone’ssafety,allvisitorsandmembersmustpassthroughasecuritycheck.Childrentwelveandundermustbealwaysacpaniedbyanadult.Refund,resale,orexchangeofMuseumticketsorMembershipbenefitsisnotpermitted.PhotographsandvideotakenatTheMetcannotbepublished,soldandreproduced.Feelfreetowrite,draw,ortakenoteswithpencil.Othermarkingmaterialssuchaspaint,charcoal,andmarkersarenotallowed.21．HowmuchshouldaConnecticutstudentpayatleast?A．$0. B．$0.01. C．$17. D．$30.22．Whatcanvisitorsbringtothemuseum?A．Anoversizedbag. B．Aguidedog.C．Abottleoffruitjuice. D．Abackfacingbabycarrier.23．Whatarevisitorsprohibitedfromdoingatthemuseum?A．Resellingtickets. B．Takingphotographs.C．Takingnoteswithpencil. D．ReenteringthegalleriesBNow,sinceitisChristmastimeandthustheseasonofforgiveness,Imustadmit,Ihavea“dirty”littlesecret.Andyouallprobablyhaveonetoo.Iamaregifter.Iactuallyhaveacloset(橱柜)thatisjustformygiftsto“Re”!Don’tjudgeme.RegiftingisanestablishedSoutherntradition.Wastenotwantnot,right?Mostofyouprobablyhaveashelforadrawerathomethathousessomethingsthatarenicebutjustaren’tforyou.So,ratherthanthrowthemaway,yousavethemforarainydaywhenyourealizeyouneedjusttherightthingforthatpersonyoutotallyforgotabout.Myregiftingisaninheritedpractice.Mymomkeepsaclosetfilledwithgoodiestogive.Andmygrandmother?OneyearshegavemymomthisreallyfancysweateronChristmasDayAfterdinnerwepulledthevideosandwewatchedeveryoneopenthegiftsfromtheyearbefore.Whatdidwesee?Mygrandmotherreceivingtheexactsamesweaterthatshehadjustgivenmymom!Coincidence?No.Sosee?TherewasnowayIwasgonnabeabletoavoidmyregifting.YouwouldthinkIwouldlearnmylessonsincewehavehadoneortwogiftingdisasters.Once,Isentmycousin,wholivesinCalifornia,aweddingpresentfrommycloset…aclockthatwasgiventomeonmybirthdaybymycrazyAuntNadine.Itwasunique!Itrulythoughtshewouldloveit.WeekslaterIreceivedathankyounoteformythoughtfulgift.DearErica:Thankyousomuchforthewonderfulclock.IwasalittleconfusedwhenIopeneditupandtherewasacardinsidethatsaid,“HappyBirthdayErica.Love,AuntNadine”Butevenafterallthat,thepracticeremains.Imean,IpromiseI’llquitsomeday.First,Ijusthavetogetridofthewhistlingkeyfinder,lightupshowermirror,cupcakescentedcreamandthedotprinthat.Anytakers?24．WhyisregiftingalongstandingSoutherntradition?A．Ithelpsinreducingwaste. B．Itislinkedtotherainydays.C．Itisasymbolofforgiveness. D．Itremindspeopleoftheforgotten.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inherited”mean?A．Created. B．Distinguished. C．Longforgotten. D．Passeddown.26．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetworegiftingstories?A．Confusingandannoying. B．Funnyandembarrassing.C．Encouragingandheartwarming. D．Surprisinganddisappointing.27．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．Shewillmakenewgiftsoutofoldones.B．Shemayholdontothefamilypractice.C．Takershavebeenfoundforherclosetgifts.D．Hercousinwasabitconfusedaboutthegift.CAccordingtoapaperpublishedinScience,oneintenresidentsofChina’scoastalcitiescouldbelivingbelowsealevelwithinacentury,asaresultoflandsubsidenceandclimatechange.Subsidenceislandsinkingtoalowerlevelthannormal,usuallyowingtoextraction(抽取)ofsubsurfacewater,rockorotherresourcesTheauthors,ledbyTaoShengli,aresearcherinremotesensingtechnologyatPekingUniversityinBeijing,assessed82citiesacrossChina.Theyusedradarpulses(雷达脉冲)fromsatellitestomeasurethechangesinthedistancebetweenthesatelliteandthegroundtoexaminehowitsheightschangedbetween2015and2022.Theyfoundthatsome16%ofthemappedareaofChina’smajorcitiesissinking“rapidly”—fasterthan10millimetreseveryyear.Anevengreaterarea,roughly45%,issinkingata“moderate”rate,greaterthan3millimetresannually.Theylinksarangeofnaturalandhumanfactorstosinking,suchasthedepthofacity’sbedrock,groundwaterextraction,theweightofbuildings,andtheuseoftransportsystems.Previousstudieshavefoundthatoverextractionofgroundwaterisaprimarycauseofseverelandsubsidenceincitiesacrosstheworld.Theauthorsalsolistedtheweightofbuildingsasafactor.Contrarytoexpectations,heavierbuildings,suchastheskyscrapers,tendtosinkslowerthanlighterstructuresdo,possiblybecausethosebuildingsarefixedondeeperrock.Ascitiessink,globalsealevelsarerising,owingtotheeffectsofclimatechange.Thedoublewhammywillcause2226%ofChina’scoastallandstodropbelowsealevelby2120,thepapersays.SubsidenceiscertainlynotonlyaprobleminChina.By2040,almostonefifthoftheworld’spopulationisprojectedtobelivingonsinkingland.Giventheurgencyofthisthreat,scientistsaroundtheworldareexploringvariousapproachestotackletheissues.28．Howdidtheresearchersmeasurethelandsubsidence?A．Byusingsatellitestomonitorclimatechanges.B．Byanalyzingsatellitedataoncitypopulations.C．Bytrackingvariedsatellitetogrounddistancesoverasession.D．Byobservingchangeswithremotesensingequipmentontheground.29．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Transportsystemsgreatlycontributetolandsubsidence.B．Managementofgroundwateriskeytoslowingdowncitysinking.C．Thedepthofcitybedrockisaprimaryfactorinurbanlandsubsidence.D．Heavierbuildingsmakethegroundsinkfasterthanlighterbuildingsdo.30．Whatdoes“doublewhammy”underlinedinparagraph5referto?A．Heavierbuildingsandclimatechange.B．Climatechangeandsealevelrising.C．Heavierbuildingsandlandsubsidence.D．Sealevelrisingandlandsubsidence.31．Whatmaybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Possiblesolutions. B．Populationgrowth.C．Variousthreats. D．Energyconservation.DThesmallestobjectvisibletothenakedeyeisahumaneggcell.Itmeasuresjust0.1millimetresinlength.Beyondthatlimit,theworldispletelyinvisible.Nanotechnology(纳米技术)isthefieldofscienceandengineeringatascale(规模)ofonetoahundrednanometres.That’sathousandtoahundredthousandtimessmallerthanthesmallestthingwecansee.Thetinyobjectsatthisscalebehavepletelydifferentlytothefullsizestructuresweareusedto.Goldchangescolourfromyellowtopurpleandbeesliquidatroomtemperature.Carbontransformsintoanextraordinaryelectricalconductor.DuringtheColdWar,aNobelPrizewinner,RichardFeynman,wasinvestigatingthepossibilityofscienceonanatomic(原子的)scale.Feynmanwantedtominiaturizeputersandcreatemachinesthatcouldassemblemolecules(分子)atombyatom.Andhedreamedofadaywhenyoucouldswallowyoursurgeon,deliveringalifesavingrobotintoyourbodytoperformsurgeries.Inthe1980s,twopowerfulnewmicroscopesrevealedthenanoworldindetail.Thescanningtunnellingmicroscopeusedaveryfinewireandanelectriccurrenttomapeventhethinnestofmaterials.Atnanoscale,electronsbehavelikewaves,allowingthemtopassthroughsolidobjects.Anotheratomicforcemicroscopecouldtellresearchersaboutthechemicalandphysicalpropertiesofmaterialstheycouldneverhopetoseewiththeirowneyes.Bythe1990sthefieldhadexploded.Researchersobservedcarbonnanotubesforthefirsttime—justasingleatomthick.Theywerestrongerthansteel.IntheyearsthatfollowedscientistsdevelopedtheabilitytofoldDNAlikepaper,andtheydiscoveredthatitwaspossibletoguidenanoparticlesinsidethebodylikehomingmissiles.Now,withscienceadvancingatlightningspeed,Feynman’sdreamsarecloserthanever.32．Whydoestheauthormentionahumaneggcellinparagraph1?A．Togiveadefinition. B．Toexplainarule.C．Tomakeaparison. D．Tomakeaprediction.33．WhatdidFeynmandreamofnanotechnology?A．Electronscouldpassthroughsolidobjects.B．Miniaturizedputerscouldbecreatedatombyatom.C．Nanorobotwouldtravelthroughthebodyanddooperations.D．Nanomaterialscouldbeengineeredwithextraordinaryproperties.34．Howdidthetwopowerfulmicroscopeshelpunderstandnanoworld?A．Theymadeatomsvisible.B．Theyhelpedobtainnanoscalefeatures.C．Theyprovideddetailedimagesofatoms.D．Theymeasuredtheelectricalpropertiesofmaterials.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Nanotechnology:FromTheorytoRealityB．NanotechInnovations:ShapingOurWorldC．ThePromisingProspectofNanotechnologyD．JourneyingintotheWorldofNanotechnology福建省漳州市20232024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWiththeseasonschanging,nowistheperfecttimetostartplanningsummerexperiencesatoutdoortheatresinparks,citysquares,woodlandsandeventhesideofacliff!It’stimetostartplanningforsummer!Thereareplentyofoutdoortheatrestochoosefrom,andwe’veputtogetheralistofthebestonestovisitacrosstheUK.Regent’sParkOpenAirTheatre,LondonNomattertheweather,asfarasI’mconcernedwhenRegent’sParkstartsitstheatreseason,summerhastrulybegun.Surroundedbydensewhistlingtreesandsingingbirds,youmayaswellbeathousandmilesfromthesurroundingcity.ThisyearseesatypicallyvariedprogrammewithTwelfthNightopening,FiddlerontheRoofclosingandplentyinbetween.ThoringtonTheatre,SuffolkAnewandbeautifuladditiontotheoutdoortheatreworld,openingin2021,Thoringtonisbuiltinanaturalamphitheatre(圆形露天竞技场)hiddenintheSuffolkwoodlands.Thisyear’sprogrammeincludesfamilyfavouritessuchasTeddyBear’sPicnicandTheLittleMermaid,Shakespeare’sTheTempestaswellasthemandatoryAMidsummerNight’sDream.WillowGlobe,PowysAnattractivetheatre,theWillowGlobe’sdesignisbasedontheLondonGlobeTheatre,butit’saboutathirdofthesizeandformednotfromwood,butwillowtreeswoventogether.TheirprogrammeislargelyfilledwithallthingsShakespeare:straightplays,ofcourse,butalsoplentyoffunintroductionsandinterpretationstobringtheBard’swordstoneworreluctantaudiences.MinackTheatre,CornwallSituatedonthecliffofPorthcurno,MinackTheatreisoneyouhardlyneedanexcusetovisit;seeinganythingatall,backdroppedbytheazureCornishsea,willbeanunforgettableexperience.ThisyearseestouringproductionsofLittleShopofHorrors,TheMassiveTragedyofMadameBovaryandsomeothers.Ifyouwantashowparticularlyfittingforthisuniquesurrounding,checkoutThePiratesofPenzanceplayinginSeptember.1．WhichtheaterwouldyougoifyouareaTeddyBearlover?A．Regent’sParkOpenAirTheatre. B．ThoringtonTheatre.C．WillowGlobe. D．MinackTheatre.2．WhatdoWillowGlobeandtheLondonGlobeTheatrehaveinmon?A．Theirdesign. B．Theirsize.C．Theirbuildingmaterials. D．Theirprogrammes.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toremendoutdoortheatres.B．Toorganizeoutdoortheatreevents.C．Toshowthearchitecturalfeaturesofoutdoortheatres.D．Toexplorehistoricalbackgroundofoutdoortheatres.BMyfamilymovedtoMelbournewheremyfatherreenteredacademiaandmymotherreshapedmylifewithdevotionandpatience.Abandoningdreamsofacareermayhavebeeninkeepingwithherera,butmymotherthrewherselfintomotherhood.MytennisshoesalwaysshonethankstohercarewhenIslept.Atlunch,myfriendscrowdedaroundmylunch,thetastiestwithenoughtospare.MybrotherandIlefthomearoundage16forabettereducation.Ourbighousefellempty.Therewasnohelpandevennophoneconnection.Her“copingstrategy”wastoremindherselfthatshewantedustohavewhatshedidnot.BackthenIwasoccupiedwithmyownneeds;today,Irealisemymotherpaidformyeducationwithhertears.Ifherselfsacrificeliftedmetogreaterheights,hersecondqualitybuiltthefoundation.WhenIwasyoung,mymotherdisplayedinmeanabsolutefaithandabsolutelove.Inhereyes,IcoulddonowrongthatIcouldn’tfix.Shedidn’tsayoverlysweetthingstodeclareherlove,butjustbeingwithhermademefeellikeIwasthemostimportantpersonintheworld.Mymotherallowedmetoliveafullerlifethanherswithoutbargain,orguilt.Tothissheaddedextraordinarygenerosity.TodayIcreditmystrengthandstubilitytothecertaintythat,regardlessofwhoelsejudgesme,mymotherwillnot.CurrentlyIhavemyownkids.Theyarechildrenofadifferenttime.Today’smothershavepetingdemandsrelatedtoprofessionalandpersonalgoals.Sometimes,Imustputmyworkabovetheirneeds.Mymomtriedtobemy“everything”parentwhileIamwhatiscalledthegoodenoughmotheratmybest.Wemaydifferinourmethodsandtools,buttheessenceofmotherhoodremainsconstant.4．Howdoestheauthorshowhermom’squalityinthefirstparagraph?A．Byquotingaremark. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingaparison. D．Byanalyzingthecause.5．Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’smother?A．Optimisticandpersevering. B．Hardworkinganddemanding.C．Devotedandselfless. D．Cheerfulandreliable.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“goodenoughmother”probablyrefertointhelastparagraph?A．Amotherwhopursuesperfectioninchildcare.B．Amotherwhodevotesherselfwhollytoherwork.C．Amotherwhoplacesherkids’needsaboveallelse.D．Amotherwhotriestobalanceherparentingwithhercareer.7．Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheArtofBeingaMotherB．LessonsofLoveandStrengthC．Motherhood:TheGreatestAdventureD．Motherhood:AJourneyofSacrificeandStrengthCMuchoftheconservationandclimatechangespotlightfallsontropical(热带的)forests.Giventhis,peoplemightforgetthatforestsinthetemperate(温带的)areas—thosefoundinlargepartsofNorthAmerica,EuropeandhigherlatitudesinAsiaandAustralia—alsohavethepowertohelplimitclimatechange.Althoughpreservingtropicalrainforestsisessentialtoclimateprogress,policymakerscannotneglecttheimportantroleoftemperateforests.ThisEarthWeek,wemustturnourattentionanddollarstothesestretchesoftrees,orwewillfacethelossofanimportanttoolinmanagingglobalwarming.Temperateforestsrepresentabout25percentofEarth’sarboreallands.Astemperatureshavechanged,temperatetreesfacethreatsofharmfulinvasivepests(侵入的害虫)fromotherregions,lossofforestlandsfromurbanandfarmlandexpansion.Webelievethegreatestemergingthreattotemperateforestsiswildfiresthatoccurbeyondnormalhistoricfrequencyandseverity.Butsurprisingly,widespreadfiresuppression(抑制),especiallyindryforestsintheWest,hasallowedabuildupofdangerousfuelslikedeadwood.Thesefuels,binedwiththedroughtcausedbyclimatechange,haveledtoincreasinglyfrequentandseverefiresthatkillenormousnumbersoftreesandreleasealargequantityofCO2totheatmosphereinbadfiresyearsintheUnitedStates.Weneedtoreducelandclearingforhousingandagriculture,thenallowtreestoregrowwheretheyhavebeenremoved,andprotectandbettercareforthefewtemperateforeststhatstillcontainstandsofveryoldtrees.Theseoldforestsaresomeofthemostcarbondenseecosystemsandpossessuniquebiodiversity.Therefore,governmentsandlandownersmustmakesuremiddleagedforeststhatregrewaftercuttingwilldevelopintotheoldgrowthforestsoftomorrow.Weneedtotakeadvantageofcurrentpublicfundingforforestconservationandmanagementand,atthesametime,promoteprivateinvestmenttosupportrestorativemeasuresandsustainableforestrytocapturetheclimatepotentialoftemperateforestsintheU.S.andelsewhere.8．Whatisemphasizedinthefirstparagraph?A．Temperateforests’impactonclimatechange.B．Distributionoftemperateforests.C．Conservationoftropicalforests.D．Causesofglobalwarming.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“neglect”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Ignore. B．Limit. C．Perform. D．Assess.10．Whatcausedthemorefrequentandseverewildfiresintemperateforests?A．Increasingurbanization. B．Firecontrolpractices.C．Theinvasivespecies. D．Farmlandexpansion.11．Whichofthefollowingisameasuretoprotecttemperateforests?A．Banningtreecutting. B．Restrictinginvestment.C．Conservingoldforests. D．Protectingfarmland.福建省南平市20232024学年高二下学期期末英语检测试卷第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWashingtonDCholdsaspecialplaceamongtheAmericancities.Theroutebelowincludessomeofthecity’sbighittingmuseumsandunexpectedtreasures.PhillipsCollectionFoundedin1921byartcollectorDuncanPhilipsandhiswifeMarjorie,thePhilipsCollectionwasthefirstmuseumofmodernartintheUSandcontinuestochangeandexpandwithnewexhibits.Thepersonalcollectionisarollcallofsomeofthemostcelebratednames,includingMonet,Picasso,andVanGogh.GoGoMuseum&CafeHireabiketocrosstheAnacostiaRiverandseekoutoneofthecity’snewestmuseums.Asitsnamesuggests,theGoGoMuseumandCafecelebratesgogo,thelivelystyleoffunkknownforitsuniquebeatandvocals.Gogohasitsrootsinthecity’sAfricanAmericanmunity,withlocalguitaristChuckBrownknownasthe“GodfatherofGoGo”.NationalMallMaketheshortwalksouth—pasttheWhiteHouse—andtheNationalMalloutspreadslikeavast,greencarpet,betweentheLincolnMemorialandtheUnitedStatesCapitol,withthetoweringWashingtonMonumentattheheartofit.NearatwomilegrasswalkwayistheLibraryofCongressthelargestlibraryintheworld.Ataleisurelypace,afulllapoftheMallcaneasilytakeovertwohours,soallowtimetotakeitallin.RubellMuseumBackacrosstheriver,on1stStreetSW,theRubellMuseumisafunplacewithcontemporaryart.ThisisoneofthelargestprivatecollectionsofmodemworksinNorthAmerica,collectedoveraperiodofnearly60yearsbyDonandhisson.Seethemshowcasedthroughacollectionofpaintings,sculptures,videosandphotography1．Whichmuseummayattractmusiclovers?A．PhillipsCollection B．NationalMall.C．GoGoMuseum&Cafe D．RubellMuseum2．WhatcanweknowaboutNationalMall?A．Itcontainstheworld’slargestlibrary B．ItistothenorthoftheWhiteHouse.C．Visitorscaneasilywalkafulllapofit. D．AtitsheartstandstheLincolnMemorial3．WhatdoPhillipsCollectionandRubellMuseumhaveinmon?A．Theyarestaterunmuseums B．TheyaremuseumsofmodernartC．Theywerebuiltinthe1920s D．Theyareinthesameneighbourhood.BRachelbeganrowingwhenshewas53,afterspottingasixoarrowingboatinBristolharbour.Fascinatedbyitssizeanddistinctiveappearance,shewasencouragedtodoatrialrun.“AssoonasIgotonthewater,Iwashooked,”shesays.“Feelingyourwholebodyworkingandthefreshaironyourskinisamazing.”Itwasn’tuntil2017,though,thatRachel’sAtlanticplanswereborn.Shehadexperiencedbackpainoccasionallysinceherteens,andthenoneday,whileathome,shewassuddenlyunabletowalk.“IknewIneededtokeepmyselfhealthyminded,soIbeganthinkingofthingsIcouldlookforwardtoafterIhadsurgery,”shesaid.Rachelhadretiredafewyearsearlier,whenshemovedfromBristoltothecoasttohelplookafterherelderlymother.“EverytimeIdecidedtogoonholidayorleave,I’dgetacalltofindoutmumwasinhospital.Eventually,Istoppedmakingplans,”shesays.“ButassoonasIwasdisabledmyself,itmademerealizethatIhadtodosomethingtomakemyownlifecount.”Aftersuccessfulsurgery,Rachelbegandrivingaroundthecountrytomeetotherwomenwhohadundertakenendurancerows.HearingtheexperiencesandadviceofotherathletesgaveRacheltheconfidencesheneeded.Soonafter,sheheardthatanewboatmakerwasbuildingateamforamaidenvoyageacrosstheAtlantic.SoRachelbeganintensivetraining,evenadaptinghergardenintoagymduringtheCovidlockdowns.Finally,shesetoffin2021.Empoweredbythissuccessfulexpedition,shehasbeeninspiredtokeeppushingthelimits,planningtobreakafewworldrecordsbyrowingaroundtheUKat64,andmotorcyclingthroughtheHimalayaslaterintheyear.“Iknowmybodyischangingandthephysicalchallengeisgreater,butthatjustmakesmewanttoachieveevenmore,”shesays.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hooked”inParagraphlmean?A．Confused. B．Inspired. C．Scared. D．Addicted.5．WhatmadeRacheldecidetomakealifechange?A．Beingdisabled. B．Beingretired.C．Hernewinterest. D．Hermother’sillness.6．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Rachel’ssuccessfulsurgery B．Rachel’seffortsforherdream.C．Otherathletes’experiences. D．Thedifficultiesinthevoyage.7．WhatdoesRachel’sstoryconvey?A．Greatmindsthinkalike. B．Lifeneedsachallenge.C．Goodbegunishalfdone. D．Experiencemustbebought.CThetaleoftheantswhoscaredtheelephantstohelpthelionscatchthezebrasmaysoundlikeachildren’sfairytale,butitisatruestorywithanunhappyendingforthebigcats.LionsinKenyaarebeingpushedclosertoendangeredsituationbecausetheacaciatreesthattheyrelyonforcoverwhilehuntingzebrasaredying.leavingthemnowheretohidewhilehunting.ScientistsweresurprisedthatacaciatreeswereabletogrowfastintheNatureConservancyincentralKenya,astherearesomanyleafeatingmammalssuchaselephiantsandgiraffesthatwouldnormallyeatupthetreeleaves.Theacacias’secretweaponisaspeciesofantthatlivesinthetree.Thetreesarehistoricallyprotectedfromleafeatinganimalsbythisspecies.Inreturnfortheirhome,theantsdefendthetreesfromhugeplanteaters,likeelephants,giraffes,anarrangementecologistscallmutualism(共生).About15yearsago,unnoticedbyenvironmentalists,anewspeciesofantslippedintotheregion.Itisthoughtthatthisinvasivespecies,knownasthebigheadedant,oftenfoundhiddeninthewoodusedinconstruction,wasbroughttotheareabyhumanactivity.Theseantssetaboutattackinganddestroyingtheantsthatusedtodefendthetrees.Thenewantsdonotmakeanyefforttoprotectthetrees,leavingtheacaciatreesdefenceless.Thishassetoffachainofevents,resultinginashiftinpredatorprey(捕食者—猎物)behaviourthatmayfurtherendangerpopulationsoflions,researcherssaid.“Thelionsrelyonthetreecovertohuntandhidebeforeattackingzebras.Lesstreecovermeanslionsarenotassuccessfulatambushing(伏击)theirprey.”8．Whyisthetaleoftheantsmentioned?A．Tomakeparison. B．Toprovideevidence.C．Tointroducethetopic. D．Tosupportanargument.9．Whatmadetheacaciatreessurvive?A．People’sprotection. B．Defenceoftheantsinthem.C．Theirabilitytogrowfast. D．Theleafeaters’disappearance.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthebigheadedants?A．Theyoriginallyexistedintheregion. B．Theysuccessfullydefendedthetrees.C．Theycontributedalottotheecosystem. D．Theyarrivedwiththewoodforconstruction.11．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NaturalSelection:SurvivaloftheFittest B．InsectsandMammals’FightforaLivingC．WhichisEndangered,PlantsorAnimals? D．ANewAntSpeciesEndangerstheBigCatsDIntelhascreatedtheworld’slargestneuromorphic(神经形态)puter,adeviceintendedtoimitatetheoperationofthehumanbrain.ThefirmhopesitwillbeabletorunmoreplicatedAImodelsthanispossibleonconventionalputers.Aregularputerusesitsprocessortocarryoutoperationsandstoresdatainseparatememory,butaneuromorphicdeviceusesartificialneuronstobothstoreandpute,justasourbrainsdo.Thisremovestheneedtotransmitdatabackandforthbetweenponents,whichlimitsthespeedofcurrentputers.Italsomeans“brainlike”puterscanbemoreenergyefficient.IntelclaimsitsnewHalaPointneuromorphicputeruses1%oftheenergyaconventionalmachinetakeswhenrunningoptimization(优化)problems,whichinvolvefindingthebestsolutiontoaproblemgivencertainrestrictions.MikeDaviesatIntelsaysthatdespiteitsbigpower,HalaPointisaboutasbigasamicrowaveoven.IntelsuggeststhatamachinelikeHalaPointcouldcreateAlmodelsthatlearncontinuously,ratherthanneedingtobetrainedtolearneachnewtask,asisthecasewithcurrentmodels.ButJamesKnightattheUniversityofSussex,UKsayscurrentmodelslikeChatGPTaretrainedusinggraphicscardsoperatinginparallel(平行),meaningthatmanychipscanbeputtoworkontrainingthesamemodel.Butasneuromorphicputersworkwithasingleinputandcan’tbetrainedinparallel,itislikelytotakedecadestotrainsomethinglikeChatGPTonsuchhardware,nottomentionmakeitlearncontinually,hesays.Whiletoday’sneuromorphichardwarestillneedstobeimproved,saysDavies,itcouldonedaytakepretrainedmodelsandletthemlearnnewtasks.“ThisisthekindofcontinuallearningproblemthatwebelievelargescaleneuromorphicsystemslikeHalaPointcansolveinthefuture,”hesays.12．Whatdoweknowabouttheneuromorphicputer?A．Itoperateslikethehumanbrain.B．Itstoresandputesseparately.C．Itneedstotransmitdataamongponents.D．Itismoreplicatedthanthecurrentputer.13．WhatdoesParagraph3focusonconcerningHalaPoint?A．Itscost. B．Itsapplication. C．Itsappearance. D．Itsadvantage.14．WhatcanbeinferredfromKnight’swords?A．ChatGPTonlyworkswithasingleinputB．NeuromorphicputerscanlearncontinuouslyC．NeuromorphicputersareunfitfortrainingChatGPTD．Graphicscardsofneuromorphicputersoperateinparallel15．Wh