大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷73（共270题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷73（共9套）（共270题）大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、词汇理解(本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30分。)OnSaturday,BexarCountyDigitalLibrary—a$2.4million,4,000-square-footspacelocatedonthesouthsideofSanAntonio—openstothepublic.Thelibrary,builtwith$1.9millionincountytaxmoneyand$500,000inprivate【C1】______isstockedwith10,000e-books,500e-readers,48computers,and20iPadsandlaptops.Ithasachildren'sarea,studyroomsandacafe.Most【C2】______itwillhavenoprintedmaterial.Thisisn'tthefirsttimeapubliclibraryhas【C3】______togobookless.Consideringour【C4】______awayfromprintandtowardallthingsdigital,theideaofthebooklesslibrarynolongerseemsso【C5】______Aroundthecountry,anumberofpubliclibrarieshaveundergone【C6】______transformationstocatertotheneedsofitsvisitors,oftenbymovingand【C7】______itsbookcollectionstomakewayfordigitalspacesthatcaneasilyadapttoemergingtechnologies.ChicagoPubliclibrary'sYOUmediaoffersspaceforteenstocreatedigitalcontentlikepodcastsandvideogames.TheDistrictofColumbiaPublicLibrarysystemandtheColumbusMetropolitanLibrarySysteminOhioarerenovatingmanyoftheirlocationstocreateall-digitalareasandopenspacesfor【C8】______toworktogether.ArizonaStateUniversityandtheScottsdalePublicLibrarysystemareevencollaboratingtoattractsmallbusinessesand【C9】______toworkinlibrariesacrossthestate.InNewYorkCity,40ofthe62QueensLibrarieshavebeenrenovatedinparttoincreasespaceforjobseekerswhodon'thaveaccesstoacomputerathome.Theyarefocusedonprogramsandserviceslikeresumewriting,jobsearchtipsandlanguageclasses.Publiclibrariesnowofferoneprogramaday【C10】______intheU.S.A)scrutinyB)importantlyC)patronsD)supplementingE)innovativeF)radicalG)tentativeH)attemptedI)entrepreneursJ)definitelyK)donationsL)consolidatingM)justifiedN)driftO)averagely1、【C1】标准答案：K知识点解析：空格需填入名词，作介词in的宾语。此句说明建造图书馆资金的来源，从taxmoney和private可推断资金来源包括政府和私人捐献两种渠道，故选用donations。2、【C2】标准答案：B知识点解析：空格独立于主句之外，并由逗号与主句分隔开来，应为作状语的副词。根据空格前的most和havenoprintedmaterial(无印刷材料)可推知，此处进一步介绍数码图书馆的特别之处，故选用importantly，体现出与前文的递进关系。3、【C3】标准答案：H知识点解析：空格位于thefirsttime所后接的从句中，该从句缺少谓语动词，助动词has提示此处应填入动词过去分词。This指代上文提及的数码图书馆，isn’tthefirsttime表明这种模式之前已出现，根据句意，此处应选用attempted，表示数码图书馆不是公立图书馆采用无书模式的首次尝试。4、【C4】标准答案：N知识点解析：our表明空格处应为名词。由方位词awayfrom和toward推断此处的名词应表示一种“趋势”，名词库中的drift“趋势”为本题答案。5、【C5】标准答案：E知识点解析：空格位于系动词seems之后，应为表语，而副词so提示此处应为形容词。根据上文提到的Thisisn’tthefirsttime和本句中的nolonger可以推断这种数码图书馆“并不新奇”，故此处选用innovative最为适合。6、【C6】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格在transformations前面，应为修饰该名词的定语，描述各地公共图书馆发生了怎样的转变。根据空格后提及的makewayfordigitalspaces(为数码区腾出空间)可推知，传统图书馆的转变很大，故选用radical“根本的”。7、【C7】标准答案：L知识点解析：and表明填入空格的词与moving为并列关系，应为动词的现在分词形式。bymoving…collections是图书馆为数码区腾出空间的方式，故选用consolidating，意为图书馆通过“整合”藏书腾出更多空间。8、【C8】标准答案：C知识点解析：空格在介词for和不定式toworktogether之间，应为名词，构成forsb．todosth．的结构，词库中的名词patrons符合句意，此处指“读者”。本句是对图书馆一般的描述，与“商业”、“生意”关系不大，故排除entrepreneurs。9、【C9】标准答案：I知识点解析：and表明空格应填入与businesses并列的名词。图书馆除向“读者”开放之外，甚至还主动招商(attractsmallbusinesses)。词库中entrepreneurs最符合此处语境。10、【C10】标准答案：O知识点解析：句子主谓宾结构完整，故空格应为副词作状语。本段描述各公共图书馆提供的数字化服务，最后一句对全段内容做了小结。averagely符合句意，表明美国的公共图书馆“平均”每天提供一项此类服务。AmericansEugeneFama,LarsPeterHansenandRobertShillerwontheNobelPrizeforeconomicsonMondayfordevelopingmethodstostudytrendsinstock,bondandhousingmarkets.TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencessaidthatthroughtheirresearch,thethreehadlaidthe【C1】______ofthecurrentunderstandingofassetpricesandchangedthewaypeopleinvest.Whileit's【C2】______whetherstockorbondpriceswillgoupordownintheshortterm,it'spossibletoforesee【C3】______overperiodsofthreeyearsorlonger,theacademysaid."Thesefindings,whichmightseemsurprisingandcontradictory,were【C4】______madeandanalyzedbythisyear'sprizewinners,"theacademysaid.Fama,74,andHansen,60,are【C5】______withtheUniversityofChicago.Shiller,67,isaprofessoratYaleUniversity.Startinginthe1960s,Famaandothersshowedhowdifficultitistopredictindividualstockpricesintheshortrun.Hisfindings【C6】______thepracticeofinvesting,leadingtotheemergenceofindexfunds.Twodecadeslater,Shillershowedthatthereismorepredictabilityinthelongruninstockandbondmarkets,whileHansendevelopeda【C7】______methodtotesttheoriesofassetpricing."Thesearethree【C8】______differentkindsofpeopleandthethingthatunitesthemallisassetpricing,"saysDavidWarsh,whotracksacademiceconomistsonhisEconomicPrincipalsblog.TheeconomicsawardisnotaNobelPrizeinthesamesenseasthemedicine,chemistry,physics,literatureandpeaceprizes,whichwere【C9】______bySwedishindustrialistAlfredNobelin1895.Sweden'scentralbankaddedtheeconomicsprizein1968asa【C10】______toNobel.A)unpredictableB)foundationC)supplementaryD)utterlyE)fellowshipF)movementsG)illuminatesH)memorialI)inauguratedJ)separatelyK)createdL)statisticalM)associatedN)cooperativelyO)revolutionized11、【C1】标准答案：B知识点解析：空格在the和of之间，应为名词，且能与hadlaid搭配。名词库中foundation符合句意，指出三位经济学家的研究为当前资产价格的判断“奠定了基础”，同时改变人们投资方式。12、【C2】标准答案：A知识点解析：空格作句子表语，可为名词、分词或形容词。while提示前后分句语义存在转折，后一分句说“有可能预测”，可知前一分句应该说无法预测，故选用unpredictable。13、【C3】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格作foresee的宾语，应为名词。本句主要讲短期股价升跌无法预测，而在较长时期内可以预测。填入空格的词应能表达goupordown的意思，故选用movements“动向”。14、【C4】标准答案：J知识点解析：空格应填入副词，修饰动词made。由下文可知，这几位经济学家不存在合作关系，他们是独立做研究的，因此选separately。15、【C5】标准答案：M知识点解析：空格前的are表明此处应填入名词、分词或形容词。本段开头两句介绍了获奖者的工作单位。associated符合句意，beassociatedwiththeUniversityofChicago意为“来自芝加哥大学”。16、【C6】标准答案：O知识点解析：空格填入动词的一般过去时，作句子谓语。该句子是讲“他的研究……投资习惯，导致指数基金出现”。revolutionized“使彻底变革；使完全不同”符合上下文语义，表明他对经济学的贡献。17、【C7】标准答案：L知识点解析：空格可能是名词、形容词或分词，用于修饰method。句中提到，Hansen研究出用以检验资产价格理论的方法。由此推测，这种方法应该具备实用性和可操作性。statistical符合句意，statisticalmethod意为“统计学方法”。18、【C8】标准答案：D知识点解析：句子主系表语齐全，空格应为副词。根据句意“这是三位……不同的人，他们因资产定价走到了一起”，可推断空格处应表达获奖者在其他方面差异很大，utterly“完全”符合句意。19、【C9】标准答案：K知识点解析：were…by提示空格应填入动词的过去分词，构成被动语态。诺贝尔医学、化学、物理等奖项，是由诺贝尔“创立”的，created符合句意。20、【C10】标准答案：H知识点解析：a提示空格应为单数名词。该句子是讲“经济学奖在1968年由瑞典中央银行设立，用以……诺贝尔”，memorial“纪念物”符合上下文语义。AstudyconductedbyanAustralianscienceagencyhasdiscoveredsignsthatthecountry'sancientAboriginesmayhavebeentheworld'sfirstastronomers,【C1】______Stonehenge(巨石阵)inBritainbymorethanathousandyears.ProfessorRayNorris,oftheCommonwealthScientificandIndustrialResearchOrganization(CSIRO),said【C2】______knowledgeofthestarsthroughsongsandstorieshadbeenpasseddownthroughgenerationsbytheAboriginalpeople,whosehistorydatesbacktensofthousandsofyears."Weknowtherearemanystoriesaboutthesky:songs,legends,mythstomarkouttheseasons,sotheyarevery【C3】______Norrissaid."People【C4】______changedsettlement,sowhenPleiades(theSevenSistersstar【C5】______)wasuptheywouldmovetowherethenutsandberriesare.Anothersignanditwouldbetimetomovetotheriverstofishforbarramundi,andsoon."Norris,whohasstudiedAboriginalculture【C6】______andhasmadeseveraljourneystoArnhemLandinAustralia'sOutback,saidtheresearchalso【C7】______moredetailedastronomicalthought."Clearlysomethinkerinthepasthasbeensittingdowninthebush,watchingthe【C8】______andtryingtofigureouthowitworks,"hesaid."Thosethoughtsarethenencodedinthesongsandceremonies."Norrisisnowlookingfor【C9】______thatmightdatetheearliestsignsofAboriginalastronomy,suchasastonecarvingofameteorstrikeorcomet.NorrisisconfidentthattheAboriginespre-datedEuropeanastronomers,includingStonehengeandEgypt'sgreatpyramidGiza,bothofwhichare【C10】______ataround3100BC."We'veestablishedthereisallthisastronomy,whatIdon'tknowishowfarbackthisgoes.Ifitgoesback10,000or20,000years,thatmakesAboriginestheworld'sfirstastronomers,"hesaid.A)detailedB)boostedC)eclipseD)vigorousE)practicalF)evidenceG)revealedH)estimatedI)regularlyJ)routineK)clusterL)precedingM)extensivelyN)rectifyingO)respectively21、【C1】标准答案：L知识点解析：空格所在部分意为“比英国的巨石阵要……一千多年”，给合前面的theworld’sfirst，可推断填入空格的词应含“早于，先于”之义。词库中现在分词preceding“先于……发生”符合句法和句意，preceding…years在句中作状语。22、【C2】标准答案：A知识点解析：空格处需要一个名词、形容词或分词修饰knowledge，词库中的形容词detailed最符合上下文的意思，表示“详细的星象知识”。由于本段没有提及土著人的星象学怎么有用，因此practical不如detailed合适。23、【C3】标准答案：E知识点解析：空格在theyarevery之后，应为形容词或分词。空格前的连词so表明此部分内容与前一分句存在因果关系。前面说到土著有许多描绘季节如何更替的歌谣、传说和神话，可见这些故事都很“实用”，故此处应选practical。24、【C4】标准答案：I知识点解析：空格在主语和动词之间，应为副词。根据so分句提到的“他们会迁移到有坚果和浆果的地方”可知，土著人会随季节变换迁移居所，regularly能体现迁移的规律性，符合文中语境。25、【C5】标准答案：K知识点解析：theSevenSistersstar…是对Pleiades的进一步解说。空格有可能是分词或形容词作后置定语，修饰名词star；也有可能是名词，star作其定语。词库中，名词cluster可以与star搭配，意为“星团”，符合句子语境。26、【C6】标准答案：M知识点解析：空格所在的定语从句已有谓语动词和宾语，因此空格最有可能填入副词。Norris是研究土著文化的专家，extensively最切文意，表示Norris“大量、深入”地研究过土著文化。regularly填入句中，句法虽正确但不足以说明Norris在这方面的权威，故排除。27、【C7】标准答案：G知识点解析：从句theresearch…astronomicalthought缺少谓语动词，根据主句谓语said判断该动词应为过去式。此处应选用revealed，表示“研究揭示了土著人对于天文学的更多想法”。28、【C8】标准答案：C知识点解析：承接上一句，本句的内容应该也与“天文”有关。根据空格后的“努力弄明白它是怎么运行的”，可推知填入空格的名词可能是某个天文现象。eclipse“日食，月食”为本题答案。29、【C9】标准答案：F知识点解析：for提示空格处应填入名词。根据后面内容“可以追溯土著天文学的最早标记，比如记录流星撞击或彗星的石刻”，可知Norris正在寻找的是证据，evidence符合句意。30、【C10】标准答案：H知识点解析：around3100BC提示空格所在从句补充说明巨石阵和吉萨金字塔的年代，但对于它们的建造年代并没有确切的记录，只能推测，estimated符合句意，与系动词are构成被动语态。大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第2套一、仔细阅读(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)AtayouthcentreinsouthLondon,wherestaffandvolunteersrunadailyafter-schoolhomeworkclub,youngpeopleturnofftheirphonesandfocusontheirstudiesinasafe,supportiveandfunenvironment.Likemanyyouthorganisationsnationwide,thecentreprovidesaspaceforyoungpeopletodopositivethingstogether,outsideofschoolandfamily.Stafftellusthattheyoungpeopletheyworkwithareasinterestedinthestateoftheworldasanyofus,buttheireverydayconcernstendtobemorepractical:doingwellatschool,gettingajoboraplaceatuniversity.Thereisaclearlinkbetweenthekindofsocietyweaspiretobeandthechancesweoffertoournextgenerationofvoters,citizens,employeesandparents.LondonmayorSadiqKhanhassaidthatweneedtofocuson"prioritisingplacesandspaceswherepeoplecancometogetherincommunities".Thisfeelslikeawelcomeendorsementoftheroleoflocalyouthorganisationsandyouthwork.Alongsidethispositivity,however,reportsshowtheprofoundreductioninservicesforyoungpeopleresultingfromfundingcuts.Withhugepressuresonalllocalauthoritybudgets,thesecutswon'tbereversed.Sohowdowesustainablyfundyouthwork?Therearenoeasyanswersbutthereareareasweneedtoprioritise:First,lesstargeting.Thefocusonfunding"targeted"work—whileimportant—hasreducedthecapacityofsomeorganisationstodeliveropenaccessorpreventativeservices.TheYouthInvestmentFund,withitsexplicitfocusonservicesthatareopentoallyoungpeople,isawelcomestart—morefundingneedstogothisway.Second,moreefficientspending.In2016,theEducationalExcellenceEverywherewhitepaperannouncedplanstofundsomeschoolstoextendtheirprovisionofaccessactivitiesandprogrammesthatwouldhelpyoungpeopledevelopskillsemployersvalue.Insteadoffundingschools,however,thismighthavebeenbetterachievedbyfundingexistingyouthorganisationstoworkinpartnershipwithschools.Third,bettercollaboration.Asfundingsourcesbecomeeverscarcer,organisationsworkingwithyoungpeoplemaybetemptedtocompeteandpresenttheirofferingsasunique.Weneedtorecognisethatyoungpeoplehavediverseneeds,andthattheywanttochooseandshapeservicesthemselves.Somenewmodelsofcapacitysupportareemergingthroughco-ops,mutualsorvoluntarysector-ledfoundations.Theseinitiatives—andthenewinvestmentstheymightencourage—arewelcome.Therearereasonsforoptimism,andencouragingsignsthatyouthworkisvaluedandpeoplewanttosupportit.Itisstillnotclearthatfundingwillfollowtherhetoric,however.Ifitreallyisimportanttogiveyoungpeopletheopportunitytolead,shapeandstrengthenourcommunities,thenlet'sstoptalkingaboutitandinvestinit.1、Accordingtothestaffoftheyouthcentre,youngpeople________.A、feelreluctanttoturnoffelectronicdevicesB、tendtodopositivethingstogetherafterschoolC、arequitecuriousabouttheworldaroundthemD、maybemorepracticalthantheirseniors标准答案：C知识点解析：由题干中的thestaffoftheyouthcentre定位至第二段第二句。细节辨认题。定位句指出，青少年中心的工作人员说，青少年都很关注这个世界的状况，只是关注的内容可能比成年人更加实际，可见他们对自己周围的世界很好奇，故答案为C)。2、Whatistheresponseofthegovernmenttoyouthwork?A、Affirmingitinattitude.B、Financiallyassistingit.C、Protectingitonpolicy.D、Legallysupportingit.标准答案：A知识点解析：由题干中的government和youthwork定位至第三段最后两句。细节辨认题。定位句指出，伦敦市长萨迪克.卡恩曾经说，我们应该“优先考虑人们可以在社区内聚集的地方和空间”。这似乎是对地方青少年组织和其工作表示了欢迎和认可，故答案为A)。3、WhatcanwelearnabouttheEducationalExcellenceEverywhere?A、Itisaspecializedfundtosubsidizeschools.B、Itincludesplanstoextendyouthactivities.C、Itaimsatdevelopingtheyouth’sworkingskills.D、Itmayturntodirectlyfundyouthorganisations.标准答案：C知识点解析：由题干中的theEducationalExcellenceEverywhere定位至第六段第二句。推理判断题。定位句指出，卓越教育普惠白皮书发布计划，将资助一些学校扩展活动与项目，帮助青年人发展雇主重视的能力，故答案为C)。4、Accordingtotheauthor,theproperwayofbettercollaborationis________.A、toestablishacompetitivemechanismB、tofullydisplaythefeaturesoftheworkC、togetyoungpeopledeeplyinvolvedD、topromotecooperationofallparties标准答案：D知识点解析：由题干中的bettercollaboration定位至第七段。细节辨认题。虽然定位段提及资金筹措难度加大，各青少年组织之间着眼于竞争的状况，但是作者在随后也提倡各个组织通过加强合作来吸引新的投资，故答案为D)。5、Aboutyouthwork,whatsuggestiondoestheauthormakeattheendofthepassage?A、Weshouldbemoreoptimisticaboutthefuture.B、Weshouldgivetheyouthmorechancestoparticipate.C、Weshouldadequatelyrecogniseitssignificance.D、Weshouldprovidemorefinancialsupportforit.标准答案：D知识点解析：由题干中的attheendofthepassage定位至最后一段。推理判断题。由定位段可知，作者强调尽管我们应该对青少年工作的未来感到乐观，但只是空谈是不会有资金的，他号召大家停止空谈，进行投资。可见作者在文末提出的建议就是我们应该对这项工作给予更多的经济支持，故答案为D)。Citiesaregettingsmarter,embeddedwithmoreInternet-connecteddevicesthataregeneratingdatainunbelievablevolumes.Yetincreasingconnectivityalsomeansincreasingcomplexity—andsometimes,thatmeanshighervulnerability.Deeperconnectivitymeansthefailureofonesystemcancascade(像瀑布般大量倾泻下来)intothefailureofanother.Havingmoredataaboutthosekindsofinteractionsisbothagoodandbadthing:we'veneverbeenabletoobservethecomplexinnerworkingsofsocietyascloselybutthewaterfallofinformationismorethanwecananalyze,leavingusunabletoseepotentialdangersofournewfoundconnectivity.AresearchofDr.ShadeShutters,ascientistwithArizonaStateUniversity'sGlobalSecurityInitiative,isfocusedaroundthe"wickedproblems"ofresilience(恢复力)andsustainabilityastheyapplytosocialandurbandevelopment.Askanyonewhostudiesresiliencewhatitmeansandyou'llgetadifferentdefinitionjustabouteverytime.Manydifferentacademicdisciplinesandtheoreticalviewpointsusedifferentdefinitionsfortheword,butShutterssaysthatatafundamentallevel,resilienceis"somethingthatimpliesthelong-termsustainabilityofaparticularstateofasystem."Thechallengewithdesigningcitieswithlong-termsustainabilityinmind?They'vebecomesocomplexthateverypushorpullonthesystemresultsinnewandsurprisingoutcomes.Makingonepartofacitymoreresistanttothreatscanpotentiallymeanweakeninganotherpart.Improvingyourhighwaysystemmeansmorelanesfortraffic,whichcanmeanlessspaceforbuildingsandresidences,andthereforemoresuburbanhomesbeingbuilt,whichcanmeanmoreurbansprawlthataffectsthelocalecosystem.Shutterssaysheexpectsthatinthenextfewyearsa"municipalintelligenceormetropolitanintelligence"fieldwilldevelopasapublic-sideanalogtobusinessintelligence.Thesepositionsdon'tcurrentlyexist,butShuttershypothesizesthatit'sbecausethedatamodelingisn'tadvancedenoughtoprovethebenefitofsuchinvestment.However,anumberofuniversitieshavestartedofferingadvanceddegreesin"UrbanInformatics,"includingNortheasternUniversityandNewYorkUniversity'sCenterforUrbanScienceandProgress(CUSP),whichShuttersthinksisapositivestepforward.Topicscoveredinthesedegreesincludeurbaninformaticsandtechnologies,geographicinformationsystemslabs,andfocusesonurbanmodelingandsimulation.Thenewcohort(一群；同期群组)ofexpertsgraduatingfromtheseprogramswillworkinafieldthatrangesfromurbandesigntocivilengineeringandfromappliedmathematicstostatisticsandpublicpolicy.Peopleinthosepositionswillbeinundated(收到太多而应接不暇)withdata,thistimefromthecomplexecosystemsofbusiness,politics,landmanagement,urbanplanning,waterdistributionanddiehundredsofothersystemsthatmakeupacity.But,Shutterssayshehopeshisworkwillhelppreparethemtofilterthesignalsfromthenoiseandmaketheircitiesmoreefficientandmoreresilient.6、Anegativeeffectofacquiringalargeamountofdatamaybe________.A、makingthesocialstructurecomplexB、gettinglostinthedatafloodC、reducingouranalyticabilitiesD、bringinginpotentialthreats标准答案：D知识点解析：由题干中的negativeeffect和data定位至第二段。细节辨认题。定位段首先指出，获取数据会有双重效应，而后重点解释了负面效应，洪水般的信息会超过人们的分析能力，让人们无法看到新的连接可能带来的潜在威胁。可见数据过多的负面问题是会带来潜在威胁，故答案为D)。7、Todesignacitywithresilienceandsustainability,weshould________.A、understandtheaccuratedefinitionofresilienceB、keepinmindtheinteractionsbetweensystemsC、becautiouswhenplanningtobuildhighwaysD、focusmoreontheprotectionoftheecosystem标准答案：B知识点解析：由题干中的designacitywith和sustainability定位至第四段前三句。推理判断题。第四段第一句是设问句，挈领本段主题。作者在随后的内容中指出，城市设计的情况相当复杂，加强城市某个部分可能就意味着削弱另一部分。可见考虑城市中各部分的相互关联是秉持可持续理念的关键，故答案为B)。8、Shuttersimpliesthatmunicipalintelligencemay________.A、boosttheprosperityofbusinessintelligenceB、establishanewmodelofdataprocessingC、acquiremoreattentioninthenearfutureD、achievebetterbenefitfrominvestment标准答案：C知识点解析：由题干中的Shutters和municipalintelligence定位至第五段。推理判断题。第五段首句指出，夏特斯预期在未来几年内，一个名为“市政智能或都市智能”的领域将发展为与商务智能类似的公共领域。而随后一句提到，目前这些地位还不存在，可见他暗示，市政智能这一领域近期将获得更多关注，故答案为C)。9、WhatdoesShutterssuggestinthelastparagraph?A、Coursesinthemajorofurbaninformaticsmaybemisleading.B、Themassivedatawillbecomeaburdenwithoutbeingexploited.C、Peoplewillinevitablygettrappedinthemassdataforcitydesign.D、Itisvitaltolearntoselectandoptimizeusefulinformation.标准答案：D知识点解析：由题干中的thelastparagraph和各选项内容定位至最后一段最后一句。推理判断题。定位句指出，夏特斯希望他的工作能够帮助担负城市规划任务的人做好准备，从海量信息中滤掉杂音，让他们的城市更加高效、更具恢复力。可见他认为，学会挑选和优化有用信息至关重要，故答案为D)。10、hatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A、HowCanWeHelpCitiesWithstandShockwithData?B、WhatMayBetheWickedProblemsofSustainability?C、WhenCanMunicipalIntelligenceBeFullyDeveloped?D、WhyShouldUrbanInformaticsBeTaughtinColleges?标准答案：A知识点解析：解答本题需综合各段主要信息。主旨大意题。文章首段指出随着互联网等信息技术的深入发展，城市各部分相互关联的程度更高；随后第二段指出大量数据信息可能给城市带来潜在威胁；第三至七段围绕城市可持续性和恢复力的理念，进行了定义辨析、困难分析，并介绍了目前学术界在市政智能这一利用数据分析城市设计领域的相关发展情况；最后一段总结上文，提出了如何利用有效信息来加强城市的可持续性和恢复力。由此可见，文章主要是围绕利用数据帮助城市抵御冲击和威胁展开的，故答案为A)。Manyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.Aslongaswearereceivingapaycheck,wetoleratethedissatisfaction.Bettertojustplayitsafe.Butthesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off.Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.Yetmanyofusstrapourselvesintojobsinwhichtheonlyrewardismoney.Webreedcynicismwhenwetreatourworkasnothingmorethanafinancialequation,anecessitywetolerateinordertoacquirefundstolive,withthehopeofsomehowachievingsuccessandhappinessalongtheway.That'sreallytruemostofuswanttobehappy.Wespend80,000hoursofourlivesatwork.Yet,weviewhappinessassomethingtobeachieved"outside"ofwork.WehireourselvesoutonMondaythroughFridayand"live"fortheweekends.Mostofusdidn'tchooseourcareerstofulfillapurposeormission.Onthecontrary,wejustlookedfor"agoodjobwithagoodcompany",reflectingsuchcriteriaaspay,titleandsecurity.Wereasonedthatifwecould"getafootinthedoor"andworkhard,ourcareerswouldgrowovertime,actually,thatourcareersandworkliveswouldjusthappen"byaccident".Becauseofthis,manyofushavecareerstodaythatarejust"accidentswaitingtohappen".Everydaybusinessdecisions,areorganizationplan,anacquisitionbyanothercompany,arelocationoutofthecountry,canthrowourworklivesintodanger.Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can'ttakethatrisk!"Hangingon"involvesrisktoo.Forwhenwesacrificepleasureforpay,ourworklacksdignity,usesourenergyand,ultimately,breaksourspirit.Anunhappy,unfulfilledworklifecontributestoanunhappy,unfulfilledpersonallife.Happinessinwork,ashappinessinlove,demandsameasureofrisk.AuthorMarshaSimetarsuggeststhatifyou"dowhatyoulove,themoneywillfollow".Certainlythismayseemabitrisky,perhapsidealistic,butitisundoubtedlytruethatpeoplewholovewhattheydofindwaystomakethemostmoney.11、Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat________.A、fearisoneofthefundamentaltraitsinhumancharacterdefectsB、peopletendtokeepstableworktoavoidthefearofchangesC、thepaycheckmakespeoplefeelsafeabouttheirworkD、peoplefeellessfearfulundernaturalconditions标准答案：B知识点解析：由题干中的thefirstparagraph定位至原文第一段。推理判断题。定位段主要讲我们对工作中的变化感到恐惧，因为恐惧是人类的天性。当我们对一件事习以为常时，我们的恐惧感也会随之减少。只要我们能领取到报酬，我们就会容忍对工作的不满：还是稳当些好!由此可推知，人们通过保持稳定的工作来避免由于变化而产生的恐惧感。因此，B)符合题意，故为答案。12、By"thesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off"(Line1,Para.2),theauthormeans_______.A、peopleneedtodobusinesswhenmanagingworkandlifeB、mencanfeelsafewhenreceivingmoneyC、safetymeanssacrificingthebalancebetweenmonetaryneedsandthehappinessofworkD、safetycanbeachievedbymeetingbothourdesiresandmonetaryneeds标准答案：C知识点解析：由题干定位至原文第二段第一句。语义理解题。文中第二段第二句对第一句进行了解释。此题的难点是第二句为一个长句。其中it指代前一句中的thesafetynet；thatmakesushappy与thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds都用来修饰work。由此可见，作者的意思是稳定使人们牺牲了工作乐趣和赚钱这两者之间的平衡，所以C)符合题意，故为正确答案。13、Accordingtothepassage,whenchangesthrowourworklivesintodanger,wewillusuallyA、expressgreatdissatisfactionwiththejobB、takeanotherworkopportunityC、feeluncertainabouttheriskD、remainintheworkposition标准答案：D知识点解析：由题干中的throwourworklivesintodanger定位到原文第四段最后三句。推理判断题。定位部分指出每天的商业决策、人事重组、企业并购、公司迁址都会使我们的事业陷入危机。尽管工作是如此无常并令人不满，但许多人仍不能放弃它，因为我们不能冒那个险!可见，我们还会留在原先的工作岗位上，故D)为正确答案。14、Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A、peoplestrugglebetweentheidealworkandmonetaryneedsB、peopledonothaveasenseofmissionnowadaysC、happinessandmoneycanbebothachievedduringworkinmostcasesD、thedevelopmentofourcareersisdoomedtohappen标准答案：A知识点解析：由题干及各选项语义定位至原文第五段前两句。推理判断题。第五段前两句指出，图“稳当”也得冒险，因为如果我们为了薪水而牺牲快乐，我们的工作就缺少了尊严，它将使我们精力衰竭，直到精神崩溃。所以A)符合题意，故为正确答案。15、Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassageisto________.A、persuadepeopletochoosecareerswithpurposeB、criticizethephenomenonofworkingformoneyC、elaboratepeople’sattitudestowardsworkandsafetyD、illustratehowtoachievesafetyofworklives标准答案：C知识点解析：由题干中的thepurposeoftheauthor定位至全文。主旨大意题。文章从害怕改变、工作乐趣和赚钱三个角度分析人们对工作与安全感的态度，故C)为正确答案。Asix-weekoldinfantwhodiedsome11,500yearsagoincentralAlaskaisnowprovidingcluesabouthowtheAmericasfirstcametobepopulated.Genomicdatafromremainsofthegirl—named"Xach'itee'aanenhT'eedeGaay"(SunriseGirl-Child)bythelocalindigenouscommunity—broadlysupportamigrationmodelthatscientistshavelongarguedfor,whilealsorevealingtheexistenceofanancientpopulationpreviouslyunknowntoscience.Thegirlwasamemberofanancientpopulationthatthereportauthorshavenamed"AncientBeringians."BeringiaisthenamegiventoAlaska,EasternSiberia,andthelandbridgethatperiodicallyconnectedthetwoduringthelasticeage.Thefindingssuggestarevisedfamilytree:asingleancestralNativeAmericangroupsplitfromEastAsiansabout35,000yearsago,beforelatersplitting,some20,000yearsago,intotwodistinctgroups.OnewastheAncientBeringians,andtheotherconstitutedtheancestorsofmodern-dayNativeAmericans,wholatersplitintonorthernandsouthernpopulationsabout15,700yearsago."Tryingtointegratethesefindingswithwhatweknowfromarchaeology(考古学)andpaleoecology(古生态学)presentsexcitingnewpuzzles,"saysBenPotter,ananthropologist(人类学家)attheUniversityofAlaska."Thepeoplinghasbeenshownnowtobemorecomplexthanwethoughtpreviously."ScientistshavesoughtancienthumanremainsfromBeringiaattheendofthelasticeage,butXach'itee'aanenhT'eedeGaay'sgenomeheldasurprise:itwasclearlyNativeAmerican,butnotfromeitherofthetwomajormodernNativeAmericangroups.Itrepresentedapopulationthatdivergedfromthatcommonancestor.AllofthishelpsnarrowdownandstrengthenthetheoriesofjusthowthosepopulationsarrivedintheAmericas.Butmysteriesremain,includingdefinitiveanswersaboutwhereandwhensomeofthesepopulationsplitsoccurredandwhichmigrationrouteswereused.Researchersoutlinetwopossiblemodels.Inonescenario,whichDr.Potterfavorssinceitmatcheswellwitharchaeologicaldataandpaleoecologicaldata,thesplitoccurredinNortheastAsia,andthetwoseparatepopulationslatercrossedoverthelandbridgepriorto15,700yearsago,whentheNativeAmericanancestorssplitagain.Intheothertheory,theancestralpopulationhadalreadyarrivedinAlaskaoreasternBeringiaby20,000yearsago,andthesplitoccurredthere,withthesecondsplitintoNorthandSouthAmericanpopulationsoccurringsouthoftheicesheets.WhathappenedtotheAncientBeringians?Theymighthavediedout,saysPotter,ortheycouldhavebeenabsorbedbyNorthernNativeAmericanswhomigratedbacktothefarNorth.Researcherslikenthepuzzletoamurdermystery."Youreadthebook,andtheauthorrevealsnewcluesoverthecourseofthebook.Everytimeanewgenomeisanalyzedandreported,itprovidesanewcluethat'smakingthepathwaytouncovertherealstorythatmuchclearer."16、Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlcalled"Xach’itee’aanenhT’eedeGaay"?A、Shewasfounddeadaboutsix-weekoldsome11,500yearsago.B、SheprovidednewcluesforthestudyonthefirstAmericanpopulation.C、She