专题31名词用法通关(五年真题备考策略名校模拟原创语填)原卷版

2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019）第三章核心语法专题31名词用法讲练测通关(五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填)原卷版目录一、高考真题—名词5大考点46例真题分类通关1二、备考策略—5大考向+思维导图+考点表解3三、名校模拟—最新高频易错单句填空30例6四、原创语填—中国队逆转夺巴黎奥运会男子4×100米混合泳接力金牌7一、五年高考真题分类通关真题调研一：考查动词转化为名词1.（2024全国甲卷）Theyallagreedandvowed(承诺)topromotetheideaatthe(plete)oftheirjourney.2.（2024浙江1月卷）Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree”promotionsbecauseofthe__________(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.3.(2023新高考II卷）SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe__________(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,IhavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorefortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.4.（2023全国甲卷）Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty__________(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.5.（2022全国甲卷）CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental___________(protect).6.（2022浙江1月卷）Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedthe___________(invite).7.（2021新高考II卷）Apany________(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.8.（2021全国乙卷）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobeeeducateabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe_____________(develop)ofthelocalareas.9.（2021浙江卷）In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___________(marry)ceremonyin1842.10.（2020新课标II卷）ChineseNewYearisa___________(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.11.(2019新课标I卷)Leadingtoa________(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.12.（2019新课标III卷）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting________(pete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.真题调研二：考查形容词转化为名词13.（2024新课标I卷）TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoutethatbroughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatoetodefinemuchofthe65(rich)ofgardeninginEngland.14.（2024新课标II卷）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational___62___(visible),saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazedtofindtheconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.15.（2022全国乙卷）“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargestteaproducingcountry,Chinahasa__________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.16.（2020新课标I卷）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular__________(interesting)toscientists17.（2020新课标III卷）Filledwith__________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.18.（2020山东卷）Historical__________(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.真题调研三：考查名词单数变复数19.（2024新课标II卷）Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearemon(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.20.（2024新课标I卷）TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern(favourite)suchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.21.（2024全国甲卷）Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tendtocatchourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遗产).22.（2021北京卷）Topractisethis,weneedtoestablishclear(boundary)inourpersonalandprofessionallife.23.（2023新高考II卷）Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.24.（2023全国乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacethatwelesthefastpaceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21stcenturyarchitectural(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.25.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___________(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,26.（2023浙江1月卷）ThankstoBeijing’slonghistoryascapitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoric(event).27.（2021新高考I卷）Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe_________(human)are.28.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand__________(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeople29.（2021全国乙卷）___________(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)30.（2021北京卷）Whydowedream？Scientistsaren'tpletelysure,andtheyhavediverse_____________(idea).31.（2020年北京卷）Now,lotsof______________(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.32.（2020浙江卷）Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe__________(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.33.（2020浙江卷1月）ForJapan,the__________(number)aremorestriking22in1950,46todayand53in2050.34.（2019北京卷）Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious__________(activity)onEarthDay.真题调研四：考查名词所有格35.（2022新高考II卷）Hesavedmy_________(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown.36.（2021浙江卷1月）Itiscalculatedbydividinga__________(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25isconsideredhealthy.真题调研五：单句改错考查名词用法37.（2023全国甲卷）Thebees,butterflyandmanyotherinsectslookedlovelyandbeautifulonthestamps.38.（2022全国乙卷）Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.39.（2021全国甲卷）Herearetheresults.Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheirfriendorclassmatesbecausethey'reofthesameageandcanunderstandeachother.40.（2021全国乙卷）Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishaftermeals.41.（2020新课标I卷）NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.42.（2020新课标II卷）Luckily,Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacations.43.（2019新课标I卷）Toeveryone`ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.44.（2019新课标I卷）Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.45.（2019新课标II卷）SinceIwasakid,I’veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.46.（2019新课标II卷）Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.二、名词支架式备考策略一、高考名词命题趋势考向一、考查动词转换为名词的场合和规则考向二、考查形容词转换为名词的场合和规则考向三、考查名词单数变复数规则和不规则变化考向四、考查名词所有格用法二、高考名词思维导图三、名词核心考点归纳考点1：动词转化为名词的后缀后缀例词－ion/－tion/－sion/ationcorrect→correction改正celebrate→celebration庆祝conclude→conclusion结论；结束discuss→discussion讨论；论述admit→admission承认；准许加入permit→permission允许，许可invite→invitation邀请explain→explanation解释graduate→graduation毕业expect→expectation期望－er/－orsail→sailor海员，水手drive→driver司机；驾驶员gather→gatherer收集者，采集者teach→teacher老师announce→announcer广播员conduct→conductor指挥；售票员－mentpunish→punishment惩罚achieve→achievement成就argue→argument辩论；论据treat→treatment对待；治疗equip→equipment装备；设备govern→government政府－ance/－enceappear→appearance出现；外貌guide→guidance指引；指导perform→performance表演；表现exist→existence存在；生存prefer→preference偏爱refer→reference参考，查阅－ure/turefail→failure失败；倒闭press→pressure压力depart→departure离开；出发mix→mixture混合(物)－inghear→hearing听力，听觉begin→beginning开始－yrecover→recovery恢复discover→discovery发现考点2：形容词转化为名词的后缀后缀例词－ageshort→shortage短缺percent→percentage百分比－cyefficient→efficiency效率fluent→fluency流利accurate→accuracy准确性private→privacy隐私－domfree→freedom自由wise→wisdom明智；智慧－encedifferent→difference差异evident→evidence证据－nessweak→weakness虚弱；弱点thick→thickness厚度kind→kindness仁慈，友好careless→carelessness粗心大意－thstrong→strength力气；优势warm→warmth温暖；热情－y/－ty/－itysafe→safety安全disable→disability缺陷；伤残responsible→responsibility责任honest→honesty诚实考点3：名词单数变复数规则变化种类变化例词一般情况词尾加sbook→books,pen→pens以s，x，ch，sh结尾词尾加esbus→buses，bench→benches，box→boxes，dish→dishes，但stomach例外，其后直接加s以“辅音字母＋y”结尾变y为i后加esfamily→families，city→cities以“元音字母＋y”结尾词尾加skey→keys，boy→boys以f或fe结尾多数变f或fe为v后加esleaf→leaves，life→lives,knife→knives少数词尾加schief→chiefs,roof→roofs,belief→beliefs以字母o结尾词尾加eshero→heroes,potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes词尾加sphoto→photos,kilo→kilos,piano→pianos以sis结尾的外来词变sis为sesbasis→bases,analysis→analyses,crisis→crises考点4：名词单数变复数不规则变化种类例词单复数同形deer,sheep,Chinese,aircraft,means,series,species,headquarters单数形式复数意义people,police,cattle复数形式单数意义news,physics,politics合成词变复数passer­by→passers­by，son­in­law→sons­in­law,looker­on→lookers­on,go­between→go­betweens,grown­up→grownups词形变化man→men，child→children，tooth→teeth,foot→feet,mouse→mice,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria三、名词单句填空强化训练1.ThemovienamedALittleRedFlowershows________(parent)lovefortheirchildren.2.Toletusknowmoreaboutyourhometown,canyougivea________(describe)ofit?3.Thentherewasan________(explode)ofbrightcoloursandlivelymusic,andthegroupjumpedintoaction.4.Ourteacherofferedushis________(remend)thatweshouldgiveupthatplan.5.____________(wise)istheabilitytomakesensibledecisionsandgivegoodadvice.6.Thetechniquesdiscussedherealsoworkin________(bine)withthosewe’vediscussedpreviously.7.Hefeltasenseof________(relieve)thathispartinthisbusinesswasnowover.8.Facial________(识别)technologyhasbeenusedinthecollegeentranceexamination.9.Only5studentssufferedslight___________(injure),despitethecurrentfiguresof7killedinthedisasterareaatlarge.10.Hissilenceonthesubjecthasbeenconsideredasan________(admit)ofguiltbythemedia.11.________(popular)isawellexploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.12.The________(girl)shoeswerecoveredwithmud,soIaskedthemtotakethemoffbeforetheygotinto________(Tom)car.13.Ata________(tailor)shopnearby,hewitnessedadebateonthefashion.14.Onarecentday,________(passerby)debatedwhethertofeedthemcarrots.15.Iamwritingthisemailtosendmy________________(congratulate)toyouonyourvictory.16.Their___________(intend)isgood,butthemethodstheyusesometimesarenot.17.Youdon’tshowyoursecret___________(personal)whenyou’reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehavior.18.Don’tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.Perhapssheknowssheisinthewrongandwantstoapologize,ormaybeshehasasimple___________(explain)forherbehaviour.19.___________(prefer)tendstobegiventocandidateswhoexhibitoutstandingleadershipinthescienceofastronomy.20.Thetheoryfocusesonthe___________(exist)oflifeonotherplanets.21.Underthestrictcontrolofthenationalsafetydepartment,the_____________(frequent)ofsafetyaccidentsincoalmineshasdecreased.22.Thefloodvictimshavereceivedbothsympathyand___________(assist)fromtheinternationalmunityduringthefloodseason.23.The___________(propose)youcameupwithyesterdaywashighlyappreciated.24.Yourinsight,kindness,courage,and___________(generous)makethissitewhatitis.25.Thegovernmenthastaken___________(measure)tobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoods.26.Theschoolisgoingwell,butthere’saneedforfurther___________(improve).27.Hesaidhewastryingtopreachpeaceand___________(tolerate)tohispeople.28.Togetbacktheirfriendship,hehadtoapologizetoherforhisbad___________(behave).29.Inthatcountry,manywomenarefightingforthe___________(equal)ofjobseeking.30.Jennifer’scaseisa___________(remind)ofthedangersoftheunhealthyweightlosshabitsthathavebeemonamongteenagersofbothsexes.四、原创语法填空语篇训练打破美国40年垄断！中国队惊天逆转夺男子4×100米混合泳接力金牌OnAugust4,2024,amiddeafeningcheersatLaDefenseArena,aconvertedrugbystadium,the100meterfreestyleworldrecordholderPanZhanleledhis1(teammate)XuJiayu,QinHaiyangandSunJiajuntovictoryastheyrecordedatimeof3minutes,27.46seconds."Thisismagicforme,"Pan,whocelebratedhis20thbirthdayonSunday,saidofthemedleyvictory."Wemakeagoodteamandwemanaged2(get)agreatresult."TheUnitedStatestookthe