2022版高中北师大版英语一轮复习学案：必修3Unit7TheSea

必修3

Unit7TheSea

主题：人与自我子话题：自然环境、自然遗产保护对应教材：必

修3Unit7TheSea;选修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection

------------Stepl诵读胫典•渗盍文化意谓小一

I.细品味经典文章

（2020・全国n卷阅读理解C）

Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyforthe

environmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyour

mind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion（时装）enthusiastsaretryingto

bringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria（海狸鼠）.

UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcased

nutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles."Itsoundscrazytotalk

aboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroying

vastwetlandseveryyear,〃saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorof

RighteousFur.

ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopay

hunters$5atail.Someofthefurendsupinthefashionshowslikethe

oneinBrooklynlastmonth.

NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgo

intothewild."Theecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon-native

species（物种）.It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.Itsthemorus,〃says

MichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.

Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarket

fornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlike

crazy.

BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramfor

Louisiana.Hesaysitsnoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafuris

green,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,

000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton'sjobthesedaysistryingto

promotefur.

Thenthere'sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaige

Morgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwear

withoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat'sgoingtobea

massivething,atleasthereinNewYork."DesignerJenniferAnderson

admitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutria

furforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She'stryingtocomeupwith

alabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.

II.按要求完成任务

1.写出文章中与科学和环境相关的单词和短语。

environmentalist,ecologists,scientists,ecosvstem,environment,

biologist,eco・friendlv

2.你认为环境遭到破坏的原因有哪些？

Therearesomefactorsthatcauseenvironmentaldamage,suchas

speciesinvasion,deforestation,theincreaseofprivatecars,andso

on.

zStep2固本强基•被造语言能力///=

I.重点词汇

1.arrangevi.&vt.安排，准备

.【典型例句】

Eventodayatformalbanquetspeoplearearrangedinacertainorder,

butindifferentareas,therearedifferentrulesconcerningseatorder.

即使是现在，(日常生活中)正规的宴会，人们对座次仍然有特定的要求,

但各地的习惯却并不一样。

•【词块必记】

(l)arrange(forsb./sth.)todosth.安排(某人/某物)做某事

arrangewithsb.about(doing)sth.就(做)某事与某人安排妥当

arrangethat...商定...；安排....

(2)arrangementn.整理；安排；布置

makearrangementsfor为...做好安排

cometo/reachanarrangement谈妥，达成协议

【语境速测】完成句子

①Ihavearrangedforhim（已经安排他）topickyouup.

②Weneedtomakearren2cmemefor（为...做好安排）thecomingfinal

exam.

语段填词

（3）Noweverythingfortheconferencetobeheldtomorrowhasbeen

arranged（已准备就绪）.IhrvearrangedforTomtopickup（安排Tom

开车去接）theexpertsattheairport.ThenI'marrangedtomeet（安排

接见）MrWang.Inaword,allthearrangementswemade（我们做出

的所有安排）arecompleted.

.【写作金句】

Wearrangedforacartocollectthemfromthestation.

我们安排了一辆轿车从车站接他们。

【误区释疑】

⑴表示〃安排某人做某事〃用arrangeforsb.todosth,而不用arrange

sb.todosth.o

（2）arrange后接that从句时，从句谓语动词用“（should+）动词原形”。

2.apologise/apologizevi.道歉

•【典型例句】

Manytimesthepersonwhohurtsyoudoesnotintendtoapologise.

Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesame

way.

很多时候，伤害你的人并不打算道歉。他们可能是想伤害你，或者只是

看待事情的方式不一样。

.【词块必记】

(l)apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事向某人道歉

apologisetosb.that.向某人道歉

(2)apologyn.道歉

offer/acceptanapology道歉/接受道歉

owesb.anapology应向某人道歉

makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Imustapologisetoyoufornotbeingabletomeetyou.

②Hadhenotapologised(apologise)toher,shewouldnothaveforgiven

him.

句型转换

(3)Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldsaysorrytoher

deskmateforherbadbehavior.

玲Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldapologisetoher

deskmateforherbadbehavior.

->Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldmakeanapologytoher

deskmateforherbadbehavior.

3.attractvt.吸引；引起……注意；使喜爱；引起……好感/爱慕

•【典型例句】

Uponarrivalattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereattracted

immediatelybytheuniqueteapotsandteacups.

一到茶馆，外国学生就被这里独特的茶壶和茶杯所吸引。

.【词块必记】

(l)attractsb.tosth./sb,某物/某人吸引某人；某人对某人/某物

有好感

attractone'sattention/interest弓I起某人的注意/兴趣

(2)attractionn.吸引人的地方，吸引力

⑶attractiveadj.有魅力的，吸引人的

beattractivetosb,对某人有吸引力

.【语境速测】单句语法填空

©Suddenly,abeautifuldressintheshopattracted(attract)my

attention.

②Ajobinactingisbecomingincreasinglyattractive(attract)toyoung

people.

完成句子

③Attractedbvthebeau奴ofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedto

spendanothertwodaysonthefarm.

被自然的美吸引了，这个来自伦敦的女孩决定在农场再待两天。

④Whatfirstattractedmetohimwashissenseofhumour.

他首先吸引我的是他的幽默感。

4.recoverv.痊愈,康复；恢复正常

•【典型例句】

Iimmediatelywenttogethersomemedicineandthenpreparedsome

noodlesforher.Withmyspecialcare,mymotherrecoveredquickly.

我马上去给她拿了一些药，然后给她准备了一些面条，在我的特别照顾

下，我母亲很快就康复了。

•【词块必记】

(l)recoverfrom从...中恢复/康复

recoveroneself恢复正常；使清醒

(2)recoveryn.康复，恢复

makearecovery恢复/康复

.【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Myfatherhasmadeafullrecovery(recover)fromtheoperation.

②Itcantakemanyyearstorecovertrecover)fromthedeathofaloved

one.

完成句子

③Havingrecoveredfromcancer(已经从癌症中恢复)afterstandinggreat

pains,Smithhadtotryeverymeanstorecoverlosses(弥未卜损失)when

hereturnedtothecompany.

5.measurevt.&v/.测量，估量，衡量;(长度、数量)为n.测量，

尺度，标准，措施，办法

•【典型例句】

FromtheEarth'sperspective,theSunmovesthroughayearacrossthe

starsorcelestialspherealongapathknownastheecliptic,whichis

measuredin360degreeslongitude.

从地球上观测，太阳一年里在恒星间或天球划过的轨道称为黄道，以

360度经度来度量。

•【词块必记】

measure...by...用...来衡量....

makesth.toone'sownmeasure按某人自己的尺寸做某物

takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事

takeone'smeasure给某人量尺寸

ina/somemeasure在某种程度上

.【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Youshouldtakeeffectivemeasures(measure)toimproveyourworking

conditions.

©Urgentmeasureshavebeentaksn(take)topreventcaremission;but

evenso,itsinfluenceisstillgreatenoughtocausesmogandacidrain.

语段填词

③It'sgenerallyacknowledgedthateducationshouldn'tbemeasuredonly

byexaminationresults.What'simportantisthatthegovernmentshould

takemeasurestoimprovethequalityofeducation.

普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。重要的是，政府应该采取

措施来提高教育质量。

【误区释疑】measure两点须知

measure意为〃有……长(宽、高、重)”寸，为不及物动词，常用主动

形式。measure表示〃措施〃时常用复数。

II.核心短语

6.makeitto到达

•【典型例句】

Hopefully,youwouldmakeittoouractivity.Ihavetheconfidence

thatyouwillhaveagreattime.

希望你能来参加我们的活动。我有信心你会玩得很开心。

.【词块必记】

(l)makeit(口语)取得成功，做成；设法做到；达到目的；设

法安排

(2)makeit+时间表示约定时间

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Itisnosurprisethatalmost20peopleactuallymakeittotheclassand

only10ofthemarestillawakeafterthefirst15minutes.

②Itwasarealraceagainsttimetogettheprojectdone.Luckily,we

madeit.

完成句子

(3)Wecouldstillmakeit,butwewon'tgettheretillthree.

我们仍可以赶到，只不过要到3点才能到。

7.pickup捡起；搭车；学会；振作精神；继续；好转

•【典型例句】

Onthefarm,myclassmatesandIhelpedthefarmerstopickuptheripe

watermelons.

在农场上，我和同学们帮助农民们摘熟西瓜。

•【词块必记】

pickoneselfup振作精神

pickupspeed加快速度

pickout挑出；辨认出

pickoff摘去

•【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

①Willyoupickupallyourtoys?（收拾）

（2）MyradiocanpickuptheBBCprogrammesclearly.（收听）

③I'llpickyouupatyourhometomorrow.（接载）

④It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedupRussiansoquickly—he

hasn'tlivedthereverylong.（偶然学会）

©Businesshasbeendepressedbuttheyexpectittopickupagainbefore

Christmas.（好转）

8.insearchof寻找；寻求

•【典型例句】

Agroupofsoldierswentintothewoodsinsearchofthemissingpilot.

一队士兵去森林寻找失踪的飞行员。

•【词块必记】

inone's/thesearchfor寻找，寻求

search+someplace/somebody搜查某地/搜身

searchfor寻找

.【语境速测】介词填空

①Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomerson

ajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,

insearchoftheirperfectscent.

②HeisdeterminedtogototheUSAtosearchforabetterlife.

语段填词

Thecustomsweresearchin。fordrugswhenIcamethroughtheairport.

Theysearchedeverybody'sluggageforthem,andtheysearchedtheman

infrontofmefromheadtofoot.

我经过机场时，海关人员正在搜查毒品。他们检查每个人的行李，并且

把我前面那个人从头到脚搜了一遍。

III.经典句式

9.Somefishcanproducesoundsalmosttwiceasloudasyourspeaking

voice!

一些鱼可以制造出几乎是你说话音量两倍大的声音！

•【句型公式】

倍数的表达法：

(1)Ais+倍数+as+ao[/./adv.原级+as+B

⑵Ais+倍数+M/./adv.的比较级+than+B

(3)Ais+倍数+the+c.+of+B

(4)Ais+倍数+what从句,表示“A是...的多少倍”

【误区释疑】

(l)as...as结构中两个as之间要用形容词或副词的原级。

⑵在倍数表达中，两倍用twice/double,三倍及三倍以上用〃数词

+times〃来表示，还可以是分数，百分数，half等。

【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Whenyoustudythelocalmap,you'llfindthistownistwicethesizeof

thatone.

②Theredruleristhreetimeslonger(long)thantheyellowone.

一句多译

这张红色桌子是黄色桌子的三倍长。

③Thereddeskisthreetimeseslonuastheyellowone.

④Thereddeskisthreetimeslongerthantheyellowone.

⑤Thereddeskisthreetimesthelengthoftheyellowone.

10.Youcertainlywon'tfindanoisierfish.

你肯定不会遇到比这更嘈杂的鱼。

•【典型例句】

Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmany

well-knownsightseeingspots.That'swhyIthinkthetripalongthe

Yangtzewon'tbeabetterchoice.

此外，沿河的景色是惊人的，有许多著名的景点。那就是我认为长江之

旅是一个最好的选择的原因。

.【句型公式】

〃否定词+比较级〃，表示最高级意义。常用的否定词有no,not,never,

nothing,nobody,hardly等。

•【语境速测】完成句子

①Youcan'tfindabetterplaceinthisvillage.

在这个村子里，你找不到更好的地方了。

同义句转换

②DoctorYuanLongpinghasdevelopedsea-rice,whichisthemost

amazingagriculturalprogress.

3Thereisnomoresmozin〉agriculturalprogressthanthesea-rice

DoctorYuanLongpinghasdeveloped.

【备选要点】

1.persuadevt.说服；劝服；使信服；使相信

•【典型例句】

MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoing

toanicerplace.Imanagedtopersuademyclassmatesnottorejectmy

idea.

我的大多数同学想去公园，而我有一个去一个更好的地方的想法。我成

功地说服了同学们不要拒绝我的想法。

•【词块必记】

persuadesb.(not)todosth.说服某人（不）做某事

persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事

persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事

persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事

persuadesb.that...使某人相信....

【易混辨析】〃劝说〃不等于〃说服〃

说服;劝服；使

persuade

相信trytopersuade=advise

advise劝说（不一定成功）

〃使相信；信服；说服〃，常用结构:convincesb.ofsth.

convince

或convincesb.that...

•【语境速测】完成句子

①Ican'tpersuadehimtogiveup(说服他放弃)thatsillyidea.

单句语法填空

②Whenheretiredthreeyearsago,hepersuadedhischurchmusic

directorintotaking(take)himasastudent.

(§)1finallymanagedtopersuadehertogo(go)outforadrinkwithme.

2.presentadj.现在的，目前的；出席的，到场的；存在的

vt.演示；讲演；颁发；授予；提出；显示；赠送江礼物；目前；现在

•【典型例句】

ManyfamousChinesewinesofthepresentdaydevelopfromancient

times,mainlyfromtheMingandtheQingdynasties.

现在的许多中国名酒，都是从古代发展而来的，主要是从明清时期发

展而来。

.【词块必记】

(l)presentsb.withsth.赠送/颁发/授予某人某物

presentsth.tosb.向某人颁发/赠送某物

presentsb.tosb.把某人介绍/引荐给某人

(2)atpresent/atthepresenttime现在，目前

forthepresent就现在来说，暂时

(3)bepresentat出席...

【误区释疑】present作定语的位置

present用作形容词，表示〃在场的〃时，通常作表语或后置定语;

表示〃现在的〃时，常用作前置定语。

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Aftermakingcarefulpreparations,Ipresentedthereporttothe

manager.

②Peoplepresentatthemeetingweremostlyscientistsfromdifferent

partsoftheworld.

完成句子

③Hepresentedtous(向我们展示)thatdolphinswereintelligent

animals.

④Thegirlpresentsherteacherswithbeautifulflowers(漂亮的花)every

year.

•【巧学助记】赠送礼物“present”

时.在场的----present»〃.礼物

v.斐达v.蜡送

3.survivevt.幸存；幸免于难；比……活得长;vi.幸存；生存下来

•【典型例句】

Peoplewhosurvivedtheearthquakewillremembertheirterrible

experiencesforever.那些在地震中幸存下来的人将永远不会忘记他们

可怕的经历。

•【词块必记】

⑴survivesth.在...中幸免于难，挺过....

survivefromsth.从...中存活下来/留存下来

surviveonsth.靠...存活

survivesb.by...years比某人多活了...年

(2)survivorn.幸存者

survivaln.幸存，幸免

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.

②Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonPeter'ssalary.

语段填词

③Aftercountlessinterviews,Imanagedtostandoutamongthe

candidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Asasurvivor,Ilearnedthatthe

survivaldoesnotdependonluckbutaresultofmyefforts,(survive)

4.recognisevt.辨认出，承认，认可

.【典型例句】

TheMingandtheQingdynastieswereuniversallyrecognisedtobethe

twogoldenperiodsinthehistoryofsealcutting,andcoincidentallythe

sealwasknownassealcuttingthen.明清时期是印章史上公认的两个

黄金时期，以后的印章称为篆刻。

•【词块必记】

recognisesb./sth.(by/fromsb./sth.)

(从某人/某物)认出/辨别出某人/某物

recognisesb./sth.as/tobe把某人/某物认作

berecognisedas被公认为/承认是……

recognisethat...承认....；意识到....

【知识拓展】多种〃认为……，是……〃

①regard...as...©consider...as...

(3)see...as...④view...as...

⑤thinkof...as...⑥lookon...as...

©treat...as...⑧think...tobe...

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Allofusrecognisehimtobe(be)anexpertinthisfield.

句型转换

©Environmentalpollutionisrecognisedtohavebecomeoneofthemost

seriousproblemsthatpeopleface.

玲Itisrecognisedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthe

mostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.

5.getintotrouble陷入麻烦；陷入困境

.【典型例句】

ThesesailorsmadeittoAfrica,wheretheygotintotrouble,but

eventuallyeverythingwentwellagain.这些水手至U达了非洲，他们在

那儿陷入了麻烦但最终一切顺利。

•【词块必记】

introuble有麻烦，处于困难中

getsb.into/outoftrouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境

havetrouble/difficultywithsth./（in）doingsth.做某事有困难

ask/lookfortrouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃

takethetroubletodosth.不辞辛劳做某事

•【语境速测】完成句子

①Iwonderwhetherhewouldgetintotrouble（陷入麻烦）.

②Mybestfriendoftensharesthingswithmeandhelpspeoplein

trouble（处于困难中）.

©Althoughwe'velearnedEnglishforyears,wehavetrouble

understandingtheforeigners（理解外国A）.

④Itisverykindofyoutotakethvtroubletohelpme（不怕麻烦来帮

我）.

“Step3强化检测•提升学习能力小

I.单句语法填空

1.（2019•天津高考）Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinks

becausethatarrangement（arrange）ismorestableoverthelongterm.

2.（2019•天津高考）Thecoursenormallyattracts（attract）about100

studentsperyear,ofwhomuptohalfwillbefromabroad.

3.（2020•全国HI卷）1doknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butI

trytopersuade（persuade）themtokeepsmiling.

4.（2019•全国卷I）Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhosee

treebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecover（recover）atafaster

ratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.

5.（2019•全国卷II）First,youneedtoevaluate（evaluate）yourself,your

values,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,your

desires,etc.

II.完成句子

1.（2019・d匕京高考）Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthat

manypeoplenowrefusetopickup（接听）callsfromnumberstheydon't

know.

2.（2019•天津高考〉Weallagebiologicallyatdifferentratesaccording

及（根据；依照）ourgenes,whatweeat,howmuchweexercise,and

whatenvironmentwelivein.

3.（2019.天津高考）1musthavealwaysknownreadingwasvery

importantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwith（处

理）books.

4.（2019•天津高考）1don'thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhat

techniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis（当他或4也写下

这个的时候）.

5.（2019,江苏高考）Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshave

putanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-border

flowsofcapital,laborandgoods,withpoorresults（差的结果）.

III.语法填空

According1.toanoldstory,oncetherewasanoldmanwho

madea

2.livingdive）byfishing.Oneday,hearrangedtogotosea3.in

searchofsometreasuresinthesea.Hewasabouttomakeittothe

destination4.whenabigsharkappeared.Thoughhe5.got（get）into

greattrouble,herememberedthathiswifepersuadedhim6.to

watch（watch）outfordangerousseaanimals,sohecameupwitha

wonderfulideatodeal7.withtheproblem.Atlast,hegotridofthe

sharkand8.made（make）ittoasafeplace.Laterhemadean

9.apoloHv（apologise）tohiswifeandpromisedthathewouldneverset

sailon

10.his（he）ownanymore.

-----------Step4直击高考•培弟思碓国应山一

核心素养提高学生保护海洋、保护自然、科学探索的意识。

高考链接2019•北京高考阅读理解D;2019•浙江高考阅读理解C;

2018•全国卷I阅读理解D

I.话题与阅读理解

（2019•北京高考阅读理解D）

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbe

bluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋

彳散生物）calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsoffthe

organisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheocean

surface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetype

andconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowth

ofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leading

tochangesintheocean'sappearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbon

dioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whenthese

organismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocess

thathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonare

vulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskey

characteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,since

theyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalso

nutrients.

StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChange

Science,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceans

throughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3citfoundthat

multiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodel

projectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecome

evenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarming

willmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturn

greener."Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheocean

changing,,?shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging."

Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefood

web.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,

“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive."Thosekinds

ofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecoming

decadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycould

meansignificantchanges."It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatistically

showthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,"

Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneof

theearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。一份研究表明，到本世纪末，全球气

候变暖会导致海洋更蓝更绿，并分析了原因。

1.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.

B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.

C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.

D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.

选B。主旨大意题。文章第一段主要说明了研究的结论；第二段具体分

析了原因，故选Bo

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable“inParagraph3probably

mean?

A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.

C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

选A。词义猜测题。由下句可知气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特征，影响

浮游生物的生长，因为它们不仅需要阳光和二氧化碳才能生长，而且

需要养分，可知本句主要是说浮游生物对气候的变化很敏感。beneficial

“有益的";significant”非同一般的〃；unnoticeable〃不被注意的，忽略的”,

根据语境可知选A。

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.

B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.

C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.

D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.

选D。推理判断题。由第四段可知在一些海域变暖会使浮游生物的生存

条件更加成熟，而这些地区将变得更绿。故选D。

4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.

B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.

C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.

D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.

选C。目的意图题。本文主要说全球气候变暖会使海洋更蓝更绿并分析

了原因，故选C。

【微技能点拨】定位关键句，提炼主旨大意

解答主旨大意题需要对首尾段或文中的某些细节进行语义概括。

若考查把握某一段落大意时，需全面理解整段的内容，尤其是首尾或

某些中间句，此时可采用〃定位关键句〃的解题方法。

本文中第1题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下：

Step1题干关键词：firsttwoparagraphs

Step2原文信息关键句：Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue;

thankstoawarmingclimate

Step3两者对比，定位关键句：尝试解答B。

【语用提能】

climaten.气候

话题词汇

marineadj.海洋的

organismn.有机体

oceann.海洋

colourfuladj.鲜艳的

giveoff发出（光等）

becauseof因为；由于

短语句式dependon依靠

It'llbe+一段时间+before...”...多久之后

才……〃

fuel".燃料vt.给……提供燃料；刺激；推

动

熟词新义mattern.物质；事件W.有关系；要紧

projectn.计划；项目v.计划；投射；表现；

突出

【微语法填空】

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswill

bebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate.Attheheartofthe

phenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)1.

(call)phytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsoff

theorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsatthe

oceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,

2.(depend)onthetypeandconcentrationof

phytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktonin

someareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesinthe

ocean'sappearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,3.theypull

carbondioxideintotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Phytoplankton

arethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfrom

theocean,it4.(change)thetypeoffishthatwillbeable

tosurvive.Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecoming

decadeswill

5.(probable)betoogradualandunnoticeable,butthey

couldmeansignificantchanges.Thechangeinthecolouroftheocean

willbeoneoftheearlywarning6.(signal)thatwereally

havechangedourplanet.

1.calledo考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知，此处为过去分词作

后置定语，名词microorganisms与动词call之间为被动关系，故填

calledo

2.dependingo考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知，此处为现在分词

作状语，逻辑主语Oceancolour与动词depend之间为主动关系，故填

dependingo

考查连词。分析句式结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为

3.whe