高中英语过去分词

非谓语动词三过去分词

过去分词的句法功能：

1、过去分词作定语：

作定语用的过去分词具有被动意义，也可以表示已经完成的动作。

单个过去分词作定语时要放在被修饰的词语之前，过去分词短语作定语时要放在被修饰的词语之后。例如：

Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeople'shealth.

Thesuggestionmadebytheforeignexpertwasadoptedbythemanager.

ThefirsttextbooksfbrteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.

A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

Pricesofdailygoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.

A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying

Mostofthepeopletothepartywerefamousscientists.

A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting

2、过去分词作表语

过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。例如：

Thedoorremainedlocked.

Shewasverydisappoimedattheresultoftheexam.

能这样用的表示状态的过去分词有:delighted,upset,disappointed,discouraged,amused,astonished,frightened,

amazed,excited,experienced,interested,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,tired,surprised,worried等。

3过去分词可以在以下四类动词后面充当宾语补足语。

1)感官动词：see,notice,watch,observe,hear,lookat,listento等。例如：

IoftenhearthissongsunginEnglish.

Didyouseehimbeatenbyhisfather?

2)表示心理状态的动词：think,findconsider,believe等。例如：

Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselftiedtoabigtree.

Surprisingly,wefoundnovillagersinjuredinthehurricane.

3)使役动词：have,get,keep,leave,make等。

Ithinkyou'dbetterhaveyourselfexaminedwhenyouarefree.

Hehadhislegbrokenyesterday.

Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.

4)表示“希望、愿望、命令”的动词：want,wish,like,expect,order等。例如：

Iwantthesuitmadetomyownmeasure.

4.过去分词作状语

1.过去分词作时间状语。

Askedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead._____________________________________________________

2.过去分词作原因状语

Frightenedbythetiger,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.

3.过去分词作条件状语

Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.__________________________________________________

4.过去分词作让步状语。

Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.___________________________________________________

5.过去分词作状语表示伴随动作或状态。

Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbyagroupofstudents.

因为受到老师的表扬，他学习更加努力了。_______________________________________________________________

要是给我更多的时间，这个工作我将会做得更好。

inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.

A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose

in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding

注意：以下短语作状语是用过去分词作状语，表示主语的状态。如：befacedwith,belostin,bedressedin,be

absorbedin,becaughtin,beexposedto,beworriedabout,belocatedin/at,beseated,betiredof,bedevotedto,

beequippedwith等。

inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.（湖南卷）

A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed

难点：

1.过去分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须和句子的主语相一致。如：

Whenaskedwhyhecamehere,theboykeptsilent.

Bornandbroughtupinthecountryside,hewasinterestedinbiology.

如果过去分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，必须使用过去分词的独立主格结构C

Everythingdone,wewenthome.

Thepresidentmurdered,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.

Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

2.动词have后所接的三种宾语补语：

havesb./sth.dosth.让某人做某事

Ihadtheworkersdothejobforme.

Jimoftenhashisfatherhelphimwithhishomework.

havesb./sth.doingsth.-ing分词作补语，分词动作也由宾语发出，强调动作的延续或正在进行。如：

Theyhadthetractorworkingallthetime.

Wewon'thavethechildtalkingtohismotherlikethat.

havesth.done请某人做某事；遭遇到不好的事情

Hehadhishaircutyesterday.

Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchlastmonth.

3过去分词作定语和-ing作定语以及不定式作定语的区别

thebridgetobebuilt将要建造的桥（表示将来的动作）

thebridgebeingbuilt正在建造的桥（表示正在进行的动作）

thebridgebuilt造好的桥（表示完成的动作）

过去分词和-ing分词作表语的区别：

过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，翻译成“感到而・ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特

征，翻译成“令人…”如:

Hearingthenews,wefeltverysurprised.

Thenewsisverysurprising.

注意:修饰一个人的表情或者声音（expression/look/voice）时,要用过去分词，如：Asurprisedlook

5.过去分词和-ing分词作定语的区别：试比较下面几组短语：

boiledwater开水boilingwater正沸腾的水

developedcountries发展的国家developingcountries发展中国家

fallenleaves落叶fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子

由此可见，过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。

练习

一请判断划线部分的成分

1.Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.

2.Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.

3.Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn'thearthesound.

4.Hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.

5.Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.

6.Someofthepeopleinvitedtothepartycan'tcome.

7.Everybodywasexcitedabouttheboattrip.

8.Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfheardbytheaudience.

9.Don'ttouchtheglassbecauseitisbroken.

10.Thesuggestionmadeby[haforeignexpertwasadoptedbythemanager.

二单项选择

1.Mr.Smith,ofthespeech,startedtoreadanovel.

A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring

2.Ongettingtothekindergarten,themotherwasgladtoseeherbabywell.

A.lookedforB.caredforC.takecareofD.caredafter

3.Thetwooldsisters,solong,heldeachotherandburstintotears.

A.beingseparatedB.havingbeenseparatedC.havingseparatedD.hadbeenseparated

4.Asweallknow,newspapers,magazinesandradiosaswellastelevisionbroadcastscankeepusofwhatis

happeningintheworld.

A.informingB.toinformC.informedD.beinginformed

5.Whenheturnedaround,hefoundapairofeyeshim.

A.lookingB.watchatC.fixingonD.staringat

6.Afterhiswork,theteachercametohelpmewithmyEnglish.

A.finishedB.beingfinishedC.havingfinishedD.befinishing

7.Followthedirectionsonthebottlecarefullywhenthemedicine.

A.youwilltakeB.takingC.totakeD.taken

8.Thestudents,theirteachers,camehome.

A.followedB.followC.followingD.willfollow

9.Thelong-lastingwar,filledwithbloodanddeaths,endedinpeople'ssadness,noresult.

A.reachedB.toreachC.wouldreachD.reaching

10.Theyspentthenightintheroom.

A.havinglockedB.lockingC.tobelockedD.locked

11.Hewrotealettertotheking.

A.hopingtobesetfreeB.tosethimfreeC.sothatbesetfreeD.askedtobesetfree

12.Stevenhasdevotedallhislifetofilms,andKate,hiswife,isalsotothedutyofherprofession.

A.make;devotedB.making;devotingC.making;devotedD.make;devoting

13.inthedark,hisheadhitagainstatree.

A.HavingwalkedB.HewaswalkingC.WalkedD.Whenhewaswalking

14.Thefilm,truestoryofthisRedArmygeneral,attractedpeople'sinterestalloverthecountry.

A.isbasedonB.isonthebaseofC.whichisthebaseofD.basedon

15.Shereturnedhomefromthemarketonlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings.

A.stoleB.missingC.missedD.losing

16.withyours,ourlibraryistoosmallasize.

A.Comparing;inB.Comparing;ofC.Compared;inD.Compared;of

17.It'sdangeroustocarryahotpanwithoil.

A.burningB.burntC.bumD.bums

18.Weweretoldthatthestonefigurebacktothe16thcenturywasofgreatvalue.

A.datedB.datingC.comingD.kept

19.intheforest,hehadtoaskforhelpbysendingoutsignals.

A.HavinglostB.LosingC.LostD.Hewaslost

20.1suggestedthecheatintoprison.

A.referredtobeingputB.referredbeputC.referredshouldbeputD.referredtobeput

21.,Iwentoutforawalk.

A.TherewasnothingtodoB.Therebeingnothingtodo

C.TherehadnothingtodoD.Hadnothingtodo

22.Hereturnedhometolearnthatthegirlhadbeenmarriedthesecretaryvillage.

A.becameengagedtohimB.wasengagedtohim

C.engagedtohimbeforeD.gotengagedtohim

23.atfailinginthemathsexam,Johnwouldn'tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.

A.DisappointedB.TobedisappointedC.DisappointingD.Havingdisappointed

24.inthedarkcave,hewasnotafraidofbeingfoundbyenemysoldiers.

A.Hidden;armedB.Hide;armedC.hidden;armD.Hiding;armed

25.Tohavethewonderfulclothnewclothes,theyhadthemachinealldaylong.

A.madeof;runningB.madeof;runC.madeinto;workingD.madeinto;work

26.Ifinwetsand,thevegetablescanfreshforalongtime.

A.beingburied;remainB.buried;remainC.buried;beremainedD.burying;remain

27.overandoveragain,buthestillcouldn'tunderstand.

A.HavingexplainedB.havingbeenexplainedC.ExplainingD.Ithadbeenexplained

28.Everything,theplanisfairlypractical,youcanputitintopractice.

A.consideringB.takenintoconsiderationC.toconsiderD.takingintoconsideration

29.fromthemoon,ourearth,withwaterseventypercentofitssurface,appearsasa“blueball”.

A.Seen;coveredB.seeing;coveringC.Seen;coveringD.Tosee;tocover

30.Agreatbigfellow,around250pounds,walkedwithslowheavynoisyfootstepsuptotheproducercounter

inthesupermarket.

A.weighedB.weighingC.weighsD.weighty

31.Fromthedatesonthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.

A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked

32.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyloadmymind.

A.takingoffB.tobetakenoffC.havingtakenoffD.takenoff

33.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,withtheireyes.

A.widelyopenB.wideo